WO2011088966A1

WO2011088966A1 - A smart laminate and a smart container thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2011088966A1
Application number: PCT/EP2011/000108
Authority: WO
Inventors: Risto Vapola; Juhani Lahtela; Braco Krajnovic
Original assignee: Huhtamaki Oyj
Current assignee: Huhtamaki Oyj
Priority date: 2010-01-23
Filing date: 2011-01-13
Publication date: 2011-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2012-07-23
Also published as: AU2011208905A1; MX2012008547A; WO2011089015A3; CN102712380A; WO2011089015A2; EP2526025A1; CA2787695A1

Abstract

A completely repulpable and recyclable multilayer laminate based essentially on cellulosic material and having a special structure and special compositions of the various layers and containers, preferably for single use, formed of such multilayer laminate.

Description

A smart laminate and a smart container thereof

The present invention relates to a completely repulpable and recyclable laminate as defined below and a container, preferably a cup, based essentially on cellulosic material for water containing foodstuff formed of a laminate comprising

a) an optionally coated paper layer as optionally outside layer of the

container, having a weight of 100 - 350 g/m²,

b) an adjacent tie layer based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable adhesive having at least a water absorption capacity per g/m² over 24 hours allowing a Cobb value of up to 25 g/m² (120 sec) of layer c),

c) a moisture resistant liner paper with a weight of 30 - 45 g/m² and

impregnated with a hydrophobing, at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable agent to the extent that said impregnated liner paper has a Cobb value of about 1 - 25 g/m² (120 sec, DIN EN 20535: 1994) d) a preferably heat sealing layer applied at least in the areas to be joined for the formation of said container and based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable resin.

So called fast food restaurants are a major and growing supplier of nutrition.

Predominantly, the logical concept of fast food restaurants is based on the single use package. Single use means that after the consumption of the food, the package of the food is discarded.

Since such packages may consist of both cellulosic material, predominantly in form of fibres, like paper, paper board or other molded fibre items, or plastic materials like polyethylene, polypropylene or polyethylenterephtalate or of a mixture of cellulosic material and plastic material, a waste management based on recycling the material could be difficult, even impossible.

Although it is known that the big advantage of single use package is that the used package need not be taken back for cleaning and thus a lot of energy consumption, like for heating dishwater and/or drying of the cleaned single use packages, is avoided, besides maintaining high and reliable hygienic standards for public use, the main stream of single use packages is worldwide a big problem.

The problem is related to the nature of the waste stream of single use packages. As already mentioned, this waste consists of a mixture of plastic material and cellulosic material typically. In order to recycle this waste, it is necessary to separate the different materials which could be recycled after separation from each other.

However, the waste stream containing a mixture of these materials makes it often impossible to separate and recycle the different materials economically. Traditionally, in the manufacture of paper and paper board, paraffin waxes and synthetic polymers as plastic material are used as moisture retardants, water repellents, oil repellents, stiffeness strengtheners and release agents. Consequently, the waste of such paper and paper board of which single use packages traditionally are made, is not only difficult, but often impossible to be repulped and recycled in standard paper mill processes, because the polymers, in particular the waxes derived from petroleum, are not biodegradable in mill white waters (circulated process waters) and discharge effluents. Additionally, the residue of the waxes that can't be removed from the pulp fibers during the repulping and recycling process can cause severe problems due to buildups that occurs on the screens and felts used during the process of forming and making the paper or paperboard sheet. It is also known that such waxes resist biodegradation and composting when disposed off in landfills and other waste disposal systems. Consequently, paper and paper board coated or impregnated with traditional synthetic polymers and waxes are also difficult and often impossible to repulp and recycle owing to their resistance to separate from the fibres in the standard repulping processes resulting in significant fibre losses in efforts to repulp and thus recycle them. Moreover, such synthetic polymers are also not

biodegradable and therefore resist composting.

It is known that such impregnated paper and/or paper board can only be repulped by using specialized repulping machinery that separates the pulp fibres from the laminated films and/or impregnation which is far more expensive in terms of operating costs and/or recycled pulp fibre yields. The action of separating the fibres from any impregnating synthetic and/or plastic material damages some fibres causing them to be selected out of the recycled pulp and to be lost for reuse. Additionally a separated plastic material waste carries some of the fibres out of the repulpate when its adherence to the fibres is not hindered by the repulping process. Likewise, not only synthetic material used as laminates for the manufacture of paper and paper board, but also coatings and impregnating products made from synthetic materials like waxes, can be repulped for recycling only in specially configured repulping equipment that removes and separates the waxes. However, these more intense physical and chemical requirements of these repulping processes coupled with a loss of fibres that become trapped in the wax cause the recyclable repulped fibre levels to fall far below those of the standard repulping processes. In addition, packages made from such products are not biodegradable and must be separated and deposited in separate landfill areas. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a material for a container and such container formed thereof, preferably for single use, based on cellulosic material for foodstuff containing water, which can be repulped and recycled according to the standard paper mill processes, whereby the residue, if any, is preferably biodegradable and can be composted when disposed off in a landfill or otherwise disposal systems besides allowing direct food contact.

This object is solved by providing a completely repulpable and recyclable laminate based essentially on cellulosic material, preferably for the formation of a preferably single use container for water containing foodstuff, which laminate comprises

a) an optionally coated paper layer as optionally outside layer of the

container, having a weight of 100 - 350 g/m²,

b) an adjacent tie layer based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable adhesive having at least a water absorption capacity per g/m² over 24 hours allowing at least a Cobb value of up to 25 g/m² (120 sec, DIN EN 20535: 1994) of layer c),

c) a moisture resistant liner paper with a weight of 30 - 45 g/m² and

impregnated with a hydrophobing, at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable agent to the extent that said impregnated liner paper has a Cobb value of about 1 - 25 g/m² (120 sec, DIN EN 20535: 1994) d) a preferably heat sealing layer applied at least to the areas which have to be joined for the later formation of a container and based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable resin. Layer a) of the laminate, optionally the outside layer of a container formed of the inventive laminate, is an optionally coated paper layer having a weight of 100 - 350 g/m², preferable a weight of >150 g/m². This layer is preferably a paper board, which guarantees the required mechanical properties of an inventive container formed of the inventive laminate.

Preferably, such paper board used as outside layer a) contains already recycled fibres.

In addition, the surface of layer a) forming the outside surface of an inventive container formed of an inventive laminate can be coated with an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable coating such as a clay coating, a polyvinylalcohol coating or a starchcoating, which coating is preferably at least water soluble or water

dispersable and therefore repulpable.

Usually, a coating gives a good surface for printing.

The outer layer a) of the inventive laminate is tied to the layer c), the moisture resistant liner paper, which becomes the innermost layer of a container formed of an inventive laminate, by means of a tie layer b).

The tie layer b) ties the outer layer a) preferable the paper board, to the layer c) based on liner paper.

Preferably, this tie layer b) is based on an at least repulpable, preferably

biodegradable and heat-activatable adhesive having a certain water absorption capacity per g/m² over 24 hours before losing its cohesion. In order that tie layer b) can absorb a certain amount of water, the at least repulpable adhesive is blended with a water absorbing compound in an amount sufficient to achieve at least a water absorption capacity per g/m² over 24 hours allowing a Cobb value of up to 25 g/m² (120 sec determined according to DIN EN 20535: 1994) of layer c). Such a water absorbing compound is an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable, natural or synthetic compound.

As natural or partially natural compound with water absorption capacity one or more compounds with gel-building capacity selected from the group comprising

microcrystalline cellulose with 11 wt. % carboxymethylcellulose sodium,

carboxymethylcellulose sodium, locust bean flour, citrus pectin, starch, alginate, guar flour, iota-carrageenan, karaya gum, gellan gum, galactomannan, tara stone flour, apple pectin, lemon peel pectin, sodium hyaluronate, tragacanth, tara gum and xanthan gum can be used, which compounds preferably are gelling compounds.

Preferably, as water absorbing compound an alginate like a natural, partially natural and/or synthetic alginate, preferable originating from algae, most preferably from brown algae can be blended with the at least repulpable adhesive.

As synthetic compounds with water absorption capacity super-absorbent resins, preferably super-absorbent crosslinked polyacrylates, preferably sodium- or ammonium-neutralized, can be used, which are at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable.

The natural as well as the synthetic compounds with water absorption capacity are preferably provided as powder in order to be blended with the adhesive more easily. Preferably, the preferably heat activatable adhesive blended with the water absorbing compound has a melting point > 70°C and loses its cohesion after the mentioned water absorption capacity has been exceeded. This kind of water buffering property of the tie layer allows that the liner paper as the inside layer c) of an inventive container formed of an inventive laminate to have a certain minimum water permeability before losing its cohesion which is necessary to be repulpable.

Therefore, the moisture buffering ability of the tie layer is a precondition to provide a completely repulpable container, formed of the inventive laminate, although foodstuff containing water like beverages can be served in the inventive container, preferably a single use cup, formed of an inventive laminate.

Preferably, the preferably heat activatable adhesive is based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable resin, preferably an at least hot water soluble resin selected from the groups comprising polyethylenvinylalcohol, polyacrylates like polyethylacrylate, polypropylacrylate, polymethacrylates like polyethylmethacrylate or polypropylmethacrylate, polyacrylic acid, copolymers of acrylic acid like an

ethylene/acrylic-acid-copolymer, a ethylene/butylene/acrylic acid copolymer, a butylene acrylic acid copolymer, methacrylic-acid copolymers like

ethylene/methacrylic-acid copolymer, polyethylene/vinylacetate and a mixture thereof.

The weight of layer b) is preferably from 2 to 10 g/m², more preferably 4 to 8 g/m².

As already mentioned, in order to provide a completely repulpable and recyclable laminate respectively a completely repulpable and recyclable container, the tie layer has to co-function with the layer c), which is the inner layer of the container formed of the inventive laminate and is in direct contact with the foodstuff containing water.

This liner paper has a moisture resistant impregnation allowing a Cobb value of 1 - 25 g/m² (120 sec), preferably 10 - 15 g/m² (120 sec), measured according to DIN EN 20535:1994. The low water permeability is necessary in order to guarantee

repulpability of the inventive container formed of the inventive laminate without losing its cohesion in contact with water containing foodstuff. Because the tie layer cooperates with layer c), the liner paper, by having at least a water absorption capacity per g/m² over 24 hours allowing a Cobb value of up to 25 g/m² (120 sec) for layer c), a container can be used for food containing water and is also repulpable completely.

For hydrophobing the liner paper of layer c) an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable hydrophobing agent is used in an amount to achieve the required Cobb value. Preferably the hydrophobing agent is based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable hydrogenated triglyceride or a blend of natural, partially or fully hydrogenated triglyceride is used. More preferably, the hydrogenated triglyceride is selected from the group comprising hydrogenated vegetable oil, preferably soybean oil, peanut oil, olive oil, palm oil, coconut oil and/or cotton seed oil, and an animal fat preferably a beef tallow, pork lard, poultry grease and/or fish oil. Most preferably a vegetable oil is used.

The hydrogenated triglycerides have preferably a carbon-chain-length of 10 - 20. Contrary to waxes like paraffin waxes used traditionally for hydrophobing the inner layer of a preferably single use container for water containing foodstuff, the hydrogenated triglycerides allow repulping at normal repulping conditions according to standard repulping processes. The hydrogenated triglyceride hydrophobing impregnation can be easily removed with normal foam tank separation processes because the triglyceride particles formed and dispersed in water during repulping then float on the cool water and are not attracted to the paper fibres. Therefore, the hydrogenated triglyceride particles can be easily separated from the paper fibres, which can be repulped, whereas the triglyceride particles can be biodegraded.

Accordingly, the use of hydrogenated triglyceride for impregnating and/or coating paper or paper board allow a repulping rate, equal to those of untreated paper or paperboard or any other kind of untreated cellulosic material.

It is also possible to use synthetic resins as hydrophobing agents for impregnating the inner liner paper like for instance the resin described in US 5,585,456, which are at least repulpable, cationic, thermosetting resins prepared by reacting a polyamine with a polycarboxylid acid or ester to form a polyamideamine, which is reacted with a dialdehyde and epichlorohydrine. According to the disclosure of this US patent, this hydrophobing resin allows repulping of the impregnated paper product when subjected to standard repulping conditions.

Most preferably, hydrogenated triglycenides are used for the hydrophobing impregnation.

The liner paper used in layer c) has a weight of 30 - 45 g/m². Preferably, the liner paper is based on finely-ground wood-fibers. Most preferably, the liner paper consists entirely of materials from renewable sources.

It is evident that the liner paper as well as the hydrophobing agent and all other materials of which the inventive container is formed have to be allowed for direct food contact (as relevant to to-be-packed foodstuff).

The liner paper has to cover the entire inside of the container, preferably including any open edges at the inside of the container. Thus, the liner paper having the above described Cobb value can protect the adhesive layer b) and the outer layer a), preferable made of paper board, from any direct contact with the contained foodstuff comprising water. Consequently, the tie layer b) cannot be dissolved by any direct contact with the contained foodstuff especially not with the water of the food stuff.

In order to protect the inventive container built from an inventive laminate from environmental influences, especially moisture, during the handling, storage and utilization of such a container, it is possible that layer a) is protected by a further layer c) with the hydrophobing impregnation like-layer c), such a further layer with a hydrophobing impregnation, namely layer c^'), can be tied to layer a) by means of a further tie layer, namely layer b^') having also the already described water absorption capacity. This further layer c^') will be preferably the outside layer of an inventive container formed from this inventive laminate.

Therefore, a further object of the present invention is completely repulpable and recyclable a laminate based essentially on cellulosic material, consisting of c^') a moisture resistant liner paper as surface layer with a weight of 30 - 45 g/m² and impregnated with a hydrophobing, at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable agent to the extent that said impregnated liner paper has a Cobb value of about 1 - 25 g/m² (120 sec)

b^') an adjacent tie layer based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable adhesive having at least a water absorption capacity per g/m² over 24 hours allowing a Cobb value of up to 25 g/m² (120 sec) of layer c^")

a) a paper layer having a weight of 100 - 350 g/m² combined with layer c^') by means of the tie layer b^¾)

b) an adjacent tie layer based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable adhesive having at least a water absorption capacity per g/m² over 24 hours allowing a Cobb value of up to 25 g/m² (120 sec) of layer c)

c) a moisture resistant liner paper with a weight of 30 - 45 g/m² and impregnated with a hydrophobing, at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable agent to the extent that said impregnated liner paper has a Cobb value of about 1 - 25 g/m² (120 sec, DIN EN 20535: 1994)

d) a preferably heat sealing layer applied at least in the areas which have to be joined for the later formation of a container and based on an at least

repulpable, preferably biodegradable resin.

The layer c^') as well as layer b^') are composed of the materials already disclosed in the present description for layer c) respectively layer b).

In order to form the inventive container, preferably a cup, especially for a single use from an inventive laminate, the laminate has preferably at least in the areas, which have to be joined for the formation of the container or as a complete layer over the whole surface layer c) a preferably heat sealing layer d), which preferably can be activated by heat, preferably by hot air, to form a sealing bond. This heat sealing layer d) is preferably based on a at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable, thermoplastic resin with heat sealing properties such as polyethylenvinylalcohols or (meth)acrylic-acid copolymers. Therefore, the heat sealing layer d) is also repulpable and optionally recyclable.

Preferably, the heat sealing layer d) amounts to 8 - 20 g/m², more preferably to 10 to 16 g/m², and is preferably applied by coating, whereby for joining the parts of the laminate to form the inventive container, the joining regions are activated by heating, preferably by means of hot air, and combined by pressing.

A further object of the present invention is a completely repulpable and recyclable container, preferably a cup, based essentially on cellulosic material for water containing foodstuff formed of an inventive laminate comprising layers a) to d), whereof layer a) is the outside layer of the inventive container, preferably a single use cup.

A further embodiment of the present invention relates completely repulpable and recyclable container, preferably a cup, more preferably a single use cup based essentially on cellulosic material for water containing foodstuff formed of an inventive laminate consisting of layers c^{^}), b^') and layers a) to layer d).

According to the present invention the term "Completely repulpable and recyclable" means that the whole contents of cellulosic material of the inventive container is repulpable and recyclable and the contents of non-cellulosic material is at least repulpable according to standard paper mill processes with standard process conditions without relying on any specially configured repulping equipment.

The non-cellulosic material of the inventive container which is at least repulpable according to the before described definition, is water dispersable or water soluble. Therefore, it can not only be repulped, but also at least partially be recycled into standard paper manufacturing processes or be degraded biologically according to DIN EN 13432.

The amount of non-cellulosic material of an inventive laminate respectively of an inventive container is at most 15 % by weight, preferably at most 2,5 % by weight of the whole laminate or container, the higher value depending whether the free surface of layer a) is coated and on which material such coating is based.

The inventive laminates can be produced according to known manufacturing processes preferably by laminating and/or coating and/or extrusion.

Preferably, the tying of layer a) to layer c), respectively to layer c^') can be carried out by activating the activatable adhesive of layer b) respectively b^¾) by hot air or ultrasonic application.

This is also possible for sealing the regions of an inventive laminate to be joined for the formation of an inventive container. The inventive container, especially the inventive, preferably single-use cup, can be produced according to the following process, which preferably can be carried out continuously.

In describing this process, it is referred especially to the enclosed Figures 1A - 1G of which

Figure 1 A shows the first production step, Figure 1 B shows the third production step, Figure 1C shows the fourth production step, Figure 1 E shows the sixths production step, and Figure 1 F shows an inventive cup.

Figure 1 G shows a sectional view of an enlarged scale of the joining region of the produced cup according to figure 1 F.

The preferred method of producing an inventive container, in particular a cup 20, by referring to these figures comprises the following steps:

- punching a slit 12 in a first web 11 of paper board as outside layer a) of the inventive container, - coating either the first web 11 or the second web 13 with an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable adhesive blend as tie layer b) and heat activating the tie layer b) by means of hot air,

- combining the first web 11 with a second web 13 of moisture resistant liner paper as impregnated layer c), such second web 13 covering the slit 12,

- coating the liner paper as layer c) with a preferably heat sealable layer d)

- punching the side wall part 14 out of the obtained laminate 10, the dimension of the side wall part 14 defining a conical or cylindrical shape of the inventive container, in particular the cup 20, with two lateral edges 15, 16,

- removing the side wall part 14 from the laminate 10, the liner paper 13

projecting beyond the paper board 11 in the region of the former slit 12 and forming a tap 17,

- producing an edge protection in the region of the lateral edges 15, 16, the tap 17 being laid around an end region of the paper board 11 , and

- shaping the side wall part 14 to the side wall (sleeve) of the container, in

particular the cup 20, the two lateral edges 15, 16 being brought together in an overlapping manner and joined after having heated the heat sealing layer d) in the joint regions and pressed together,

- inserting the bottom of the container, in particular of the cup 20, into the side wall (sleeve) from below.

In Fig. 1G, which is a diagrammatic view, not to scale, of the joining site with edge protection, it will be seen that the lateral edge 15 is guided past and behind the lateral edge 16 having the tab 17, and the tab 17 has been folded or turned backwards as edge protection. A new lateral edge, which is here denoted by the reference number 18, is thereby formed. By the turning or folding over of the tab 17, which is produced from the material of the second web 13, the liner paper, the lateral edge is protected against the penetration of moisture. This is essential because the lateral edge 18 comes into contact with the liquid stored inside the paper cup 20.

The edge protection is distinguished by the fact that the tab 17, which consists of the liner paper as the second web, is guided around a lateral edge and thereby depicts a 180-degree change in direction.

Preferably the bottom of the inventive container, in particular of the cup 20, is also formed, preferably punched out of an inventive laminate.

It is obvious for a person-skilled-in-the-art that the inventive container, especially a single used cup, can also be produced according to other known manufacturing processes.

Additionally, it is evident that the inventive laminate can also be used to produce other containers, especially for single use, than cups like trays and optionally corresponding lids, packages for milk or juices, plates or folding cartons for frozen foodstuff. All these kinds of containers are especially suitable for single use.

Claims

1. A completely repulpable and recyclable laminate based essentially on

cellulosic material comprising

a) an optionally coated paper layer as optionally surface layer, having a weight of 100 - 350 g/m²,

c) a moisture resistant liner paper with a weight of 30 - 45 g/m² and

impregnated with a hydrophobing, at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable agent to the extent that said impregnated liner paper has a Cobb value of about 1 - 25 g/m² (120 sec, DIN EN 20535: 1994) d) a heat sealing layer applied at least in the areas which have to be

joined for the later formation of a container and based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable heat sealing resin.

2. A laminate as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that the cellulosic material is paper or board.

3. A laminate as claimed in claim 1 or 2 characterized in that that the paper layer a) is a paper board, optionally coated on its outside surface with a clay-, a polyvinylalcohol- or starch-coating.

4. A laminate as claimed in anyone of claims 1 - 3, characterized in that the paper board as layer a) contains recycled fibres.

5. A laminate as claimed in anyone of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the weight of layer a) is≥ 150 g/m².

6. A laminate as claimed in anyone of claims 1 - 5, characterized in that the tie layer b) is based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable and preferably heat activatable adhesive blended with an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable natural or synthetic water absorbing compound with gel forming capacity.

7. A laminate as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that the water absorbing compound is an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable natural, partially natural and/or synthetic alginate, preferably originating from algae, or a repulpable, preferably biodegradable super-absorbent resin, preferably a super-absorbent crosslinked polyacrylate.

8. A laminate as claimed in anyone of claims 1 - 7, characterized in that the preferably heat activatable adhesive blend has a melting point > 70°C.

9. A laminate as claimed in any one of claims 1 - 8 characterized in that the tie layer b) amounts to 2 - 10 g/m².

10. A laminate as claimed in any one of claims 1 - 9, characterized in that the preferably heat-activatable adhesive is based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable resin selected from the group comprising a polyethylenvinylalcohol, a polyacrylate, a polymethacrylate, a

polyethylene/vinylacetate, a polyacrylic acid, a (meth)acrylic-acid-copolymer and mixtures thereof.

11.A laminate as claimed in anyone of claims 1 - 10, characterized in that the moisture resistant liner paper c) is impregnated with a hydrophobing, at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable agent to the extent that its Cobb value is 10 - 15 g/m² (120 sec).

12. A laminate as claimed in anyone of claims 1 - 11 , characterized in that the hydrophobing agent is based on a hydrogenated triglyceride or a blend of natural, partially or fully hydrogenated triglycerides or an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable, cationic, thermosetting resin synthesized by reacting a polyamidoamine with an dialdehyde and epichlorohydrine.

13. A laminate as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the liner paper c) is impregnated with a hydrogenated triglyceride selected from the group comprising hydrogenated vegetable oil, preferable soybean oil, peanut oil, olive oil, palm oil, coconut oil and/or cottonseed oil, and an animal fat, preferable a beef tallow, pork lard, poultry grease and/or fish oil, more preferably with a vegetable oil.

14. A laminate as claimed in anyone of claims 1 - 13, characterized in that the liner paper c) is impregnated with hydrogenated triglycerides having a carbon chain length of 10 to 20.

15. A laminate as claimed in anyone of claims 1 - 14, characterized in that the sealing layer d) is preferable based on a heat sealing polyethylene/vinylalcohol or (meth)acrylic acid copolymer.

16. A completely repulpable and recyclable laminate based essentially on

cellulosic material comprising

c^')a moisture resistant liner paper as surface layer having a weight of 30 - 45 g/m² and being impregnated with a hydrophobing, at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable agent to the extent that said impregnated liner paper has a Cobb value of about 1 - 25 g/m² (120 sec, DIN EN 20535: 1994)

b^")an adjacent tie layer based on an at least repulpable, preferably

biodegradable adhesive having at least a water absorption capacity per g/m² over 24 hours allowing a Cobb value of up to 25 g/m² (120 sec) of layer c),

and tying layer c^') to a laminate as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 15

17. A laminate as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that layer c^') is

characterized and composed as layer c) as claimed in anyone of claims 11 - 14.

18. A laminate as claimed in claim 16 characterized in that layer b^{^}) is

characterized and composed as layer b) as claimed in anyone of claims 6 - 10.

19. A completely repulpable and recyclable container based essentially on

cellulosic material for water containing foodstuff formed of a laminate

consisting of a) an optionally coated paper layer as outside layer of the container, having a weight of 100 - 350 g/m²,

b) an adjacent tie layer based on an at least repulpable, preferably

c) moisture resistant liner paper with a weight of 30 - 45 g/m² and

impregnated with a hydrophobing, at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable agent to the extent that said impregnated liner paper has a Cobb value of about 1 - 25 g/m² (120 sec, DIN EN 20535: 1994), d) a preferably heat sealing layer applied at least to the areas to be joined for the formation of said container and based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable resin.

20. A container as claimed in claim 19 characterized in that it is formed of a

laminate as claimed in anyone of claims 1 - 15.

21. A completely repulpable and recyclable container based essentially on

cellulosic material for water containing foodstuff formed of a laminate consisting of

c^') a moisture resistant liner paper with a weight of 30 - 45 g/m² and

impregnated with a hydrophobing at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable agent to the extent that said impregnated liner paper has a Cobb value of about 1 - 25 g/m² (120 sec), as the outside layer of these containers

b^") an adjacent tie layer based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable adhesive having at least a water absorption capacity per g/m² over 24 hours allowing a Cobb value of up to 25 g/m² (120 sec) of layer c^'),

a) a paper layer having a weight of 100 - 150 g/m²

b) an adjacent tie layer based on an at least repulpable, preferably

biodegradable adhesive having at least a water absorption capacity per g/m² over 24 hours allowing a Cobb value of up to 25 g/m² (120 sec) of layer c)

c) a moisture resistant liner paper with a weight of 30 - 45 g/m² and

impregnated with a hydrophobing, at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable agent to the extent that said impregnated liner paper has a Cobb value of about 1 - 25 g/m² (120 sec, DIN EN 20535: 1994) d) a preferably heat sealing layer applied at least to the areas to be joined for the formation of said container and based on an at least repulpable, preferably biodegradable resin.

22. A container as claimed in claim 21 characterized in that it is formed of a

laminate as claimed in claims 17 or 18.

23. A container as claimed in anyone of claims 19 - 22 characterized in that the impregnated liner paper covers the entire inside of the container, preferably including any open edges at the inside of the container.

24. A container as claimed in anyone of the claims 19 - 23 characterized in that the container is preferably a single-use container, preferably a tray and lid, a plate, a folding carton preferably for frozen foodstuff, a package preferably for milk or a juice, most preferably a cup, preferably for single use.