WO2011083816A1 - 屈曲部材の製造方法および製造装置 - Google Patents
屈曲部材の製造方法および製造装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011083816A1 WO2011083816A1 PCT/JP2011/050091 JP2011050091W WO2011083816A1 WO 2011083816 A1 WO2011083816 A1 WO 2011083816A1 JP 2011050091 W JP2011050091 W JP 2011050091W WO 2011083816 A1 WO2011083816 A1 WO 2011083816A1
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- Prior art keywords
- metal material
- steel pipe
- induction heating
- heating coil
- sec
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/12—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes with programme control
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
- B21D7/16—Auxiliary equipment, e.g. for heating or cooling of bends
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
- C21D1/42—Induction heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
- C21D9/56—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
- C21D9/60—Continuous furnaces for strip or wire with induction heating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bending member manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus.
- Metal strength members, reinforcing members or structural members are used in automobiles and various machines. These members are required to have high strength, light weight, and small size. Conventionally, these members have been manufactured by welding steel stamped products, stamping thick steel plates, and forging aluminum alloys. The weight reduction and miniaturization of the bending member achieved by these manufacturing methods have reached the limit. According to Patent Document 1, the present applicant has disclosed a bending member manufacturing apparatus.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the manufacturing apparatus 0.
- the manufacturing apparatus 0 sends a metal tube 1 (in the following description, an example in which the metal tube is a steel tube) supported from the upstream side to the downstream side so as to be movable in the axial direction by the support mechanism 2.
- the bending member 8 is manufactured by bending the steel pipe 1 downstream of the support mechanism 2 while feeding by the mechanism 3.
- the induction heating coil 5 rapidly inductively heats the steel pipe 1 fed in the axial direction downstream of the support mechanism 2 to a partially quenchable temperature range (Ac 3 points or more).
- the water cooling mechanism 6 rapidly cools the steel pipe 1 immediately downstream of the induction heating coil 5.
- a high temperature portion 1 a that moves in the axial direction of the steel pipe 1 is partially formed in the steel pipe 1.
- the deformation resistance of the high temperature part 1a is significantly smaller than the deformation resistance of other parts.
- the movable roller die 4 has at least one pair of roll pairs 4a.
- the roll pair 4a supports the steel pipe 1 while feeding it.
- the movable roller die 4 gives a bending moment to the high temperature portion 1a by moving in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional direction while supporting the steel pipe 1 in a region downstream of the water cooling mechanism 6.
- the manufacturing apparatus 0 performs a bending process on the steel pipe 1 with a high work efficiency by a simple process using the relatively inexpensive components 2 to 6, and has a high strength (for example, for example)
- the bending member 8 having a tensile strength of 780 MPa or more is manufactured.
- the range in which the high temperature portion 1a is formed is generally determined by the feed rate of the steel pipe 1, the thickness of the steel pipe 1, and the frequency of the current supplied to the induction heating coil 5 (referred to herein as “current frequency”). It changes a lot. If these conditions are not appropriate, the high temperature portion 1a cannot be formed in a desired state, and the dimensional accuracy of the bending member 8 is lowered.
- the thickness of the steel pipe 1 is 2.0 mm.
- the feed rate V of the steel pipe 1 is set to 5 to 150 mm / sec, an induction heating coil having a number of turns of 1 is used as the induction heating coil 5, and the induction heating coil 5 is set to 5 to 100 kHz.
- an induction heating coil having two turns is used as the induction heating coil 5.
- a long and hollow metal material having a closed cross-sectional shape is supported at a first position while being fed in the longitudinal direction thereof, and is located downstream of the metal material in the feed direction from the first position.
- the shaft of the metal material Forming a high-temperature portion that moves in the direction, and changing the position of the gripping mechanism that grips the metal material in a three-dimensional direction in a region located downstream of the third position in the feed direction of the metal material.
- the thickness of the metal material is 2.0 mm or less.
- an induction heating coil having a winding number of 1 as the induction heating coil and supplies an alternating current having a current frequency of 5 to 100 kHz to the induction heating coil.
- an induction heating coil having two turns is used as the induction heating coil, and the formula (1): f ⁇
- the current frequency f (kHz) of the induction heating coil and the feed speed V (mm / sec) of the metal material are adjusted so as to satisfy the relationship of 3000 / V and formula (2): f ⁇ 0.08V. It is a manufacturing method of the bending member which makes it. However, 5 kHz ⁇ f ⁇ 100 kHz, 5 mm / sec ⁇ V ⁇ 150 mm / sec.
- the present invention provides a feeding mechanism for feeding a long and hollow metal material having a closed cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction thereof, and for supporting the metal material to be fed in a first position.
- Cooling mechanism for partially forming a high temperature part moving in the axial direction of the metal material by cooling the metal material at a third position located downstream of the position in the feeding direction of the metal material And holding the metal material to be fed in a region located downstream of the third position in the metal material feeding direction while moving in a three-dimensional direction, thereby giving a bending moment to the high temperature part.
- Bending part with mechanism In the manufacturing apparatus, when the thickness of the metal material is 2.0 mm or less, the feed mechanism feeds the metal material at a feed rate V of 5 to 150 mm / sec, and the heating mechanism is an induction with 1 winding.
- the heating mechanism includes an induction heating coil having two turns, and the feeding mechanism and the heating mechanism feed the metal material by the feeding mechanism so as to satisfy the relations of f ⁇ 3000 / V and f ⁇ 0.08V.
- a bending member manufacturing apparatus that adjusts a speed V (mm / sec) and a current frequency f (kHz) of an induction heating coil. However, 5 kHz ⁇ f ⁇ 100 kHz, 5 mm / sec ⁇ V ⁇ 150 mm / sec.
- the present invention is based on whether the thickness of the metal material is 2.0 mm or less, or more than 2.0 mm and 3.0 mm or less, that is, considering the thickness of the metal material,
- the bending member may be manufactured under such conditions.
- the bending member has at least two portions with different radii of curvature in the longitudinal direction;
- the metal material has a cross-sectional shape composed of a circle, a rectangle, an ellipse, an oval, a polygon, a combination of a polygon and a circle, or a combination of a polygon and an ellipse;
- the gripping mechanism is inserted and arranged inside the tip of the metal material, or is held in contact with the outer surface of the tip of the metal material to grip the metal material,
- the metal material to be fed is heated to a temperature at which it can be partially quenched at the second position and cooled at the third position, so that at least a part of the longitudinal direction is quenched; or
- the bending member may satisfy at least one of having a quenching portion intermittently or continuously in a longitudinal direction and / or a circumferential direction in a cross section intersecting the longitudinal direction. ,desirable.
- the high temperature part can be stably formed in a narrow range in the axial direction of the metal material uniformly in the circumferential direction of the metal material using the manufacturing apparatus of Patent Document 1, it is possible to manufacture a bending member with high dimensional accuracy.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram conceptually showing a simplified configuration of an example of a manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a shape model for numerical analysis.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a numerical analysis result of the temperature distribution of the steel pipe when the thickness of the steel pipe is 3 mm and the current frequency f supplied to the induction heating coil is 25 kHz.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in the heating region (steel pipe wall thickness: 3 mm, feed rate f: 100 mm / sec) when the current frequency f is changed.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram conceptually showing a simplified configuration of an example of a manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a shape model for numerical analysis.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a numerical analysis result of the temperature distribution of the steel pipe when the thickness of the steel pipe is 3 mm and the current frequency f supplied to the induction
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an analysis result when a current of 25 kHz is supplied to the two-turn induction heating coil and the feed speed V of the steel pipe is changed.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an analysis result in the case of supplying a current having a changed current frequency f to a two-turn induction heating coil and transporting a steel pipe at a feed rate V of 100 mm / sec.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the feed rate V, the current frequency f, and the heating width when a two-turn induction heating coil is used.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the feed rate V, current frequency f, and energizable current when a two-turn induction heating coil is used.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing a range of appropriate feed speed V and current frequency f of a two-turn induction heating coil.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram conceptually showing the structure of a manufacturing apparatus using an articulated robot.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an articulated robot.
- FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the manufacturing apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram conceptually showing a simplified configuration of an example of a manufacturing apparatus 10 according to the present invention.
- the manufacturing apparatus 10 includes a feed mechanism 11, a support mechanism 13, a heating mechanism 14, a cooling mechanism 16, and a gripping mechanism 15. These components will be described sequentially.
- the feed mechanism 11 feeds the metal material 1 in the longitudinal direction.
- the metal material 1 is a long and hollow member having a closed cross-sectional shape.
- a case where the metal material 1 is a steel pipe is taken as an example.
- the present invention is not limited when the metal material is the steel pipe 1.
- it is used similarly to the steel pipe 1.
- a feed mechanism using an electric servo cylinder is exemplified as the feed mechanism 11.
- the feed mechanism 11 is not limited to a specific type.
- a known feed mechanism such as a feed mechanism using a ball screw or a feed mechanism using a timing belt or chain is equally used for the feed mechanism 11.
- the steel pipe 1 is movably supported by a gripping mechanism 12 and is fed in the axial direction (longitudinal direction) by a feed mechanism 11 at a predetermined feed speed V (mm / sec).
- the gripping mechanism 12 supports the steel pipe 1 for feeding the steel pipe 1.
- the gripping mechanism 12 may not be installed.
- the support mechanism 13 supports the steel pipe 1 fed in the axial direction by the feed mechanism 11 movably at the first position A.
- a fixed guide is exemplified as the support mechanism 13.
- the support mechanism 13 is not limited to a specific type of support mechanism. A pair or a pair of non-driving rolls arranged to face each other is used as the support mechanism 13. A support mechanism known as this type of support mechanism is equally used as the support mechanism 13.
- the steel pipe 1 passes through the installation position A of the support mechanism 13 and is further sent in the axial direction.
- the support mechanism 13 may be substituted by the gripping mechanism 12.
- the heating mechanism 14 induction-heats the steel pipe 1 to be sent.
- the heating mechanism 14 is disposed at a second position B located downstream of the first position A in the feed direction of the steel pipe 1.
- the feed mechanism 11 feeds the steel pipe 1 at a feed speed V of 5 to 150 mm / sec. Furthermore, the heating mechanism 14 has an induction heating coil 14a having a number of turns of 1, and the induction heating coil 14a is supplied with an alternating current having a current frequency of 5 to 100 kHz.
- the heating mechanism 14 has an induction heating coil 14a having two windings. Furthermore, the feed mechanism 11 and the heating mechanism 14 are fed with the feed speed V (mm / sec) of the steel pipe 1 by the feed mechanism 11 and induction heating so as to satisfy the relationship of f ⁇ 3000 / V and f ⁇ 0.08V.
- the current frequency f (kHz) of the alternating current supplied to the coil 14a is adjusted. However, 5 kHz ⁇ f ⁇ 100 kHz, 5 mm / sec ⁇ V ⁇ 150 mm / sec.
- the “induction heating coil having one winding” is not limited to the induction heating coil having a coil body that completely surrounds the periphery of the steel pipe 1.
- the “induction heating coil having one winding” includes an induction heating coil having a coil body that surrounds most of the steel pipe 1 although it does not surround a part of the outer periphery of the steel pipe 1.
- the induction heating coil having a coil body that surrounds a portion of 70% or more of the outer periphery of the steel pipe 1 is included in the “induction heating coil having one winding”.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a model 30 for numerical analysis.
- the numerical analysis model 30 is a two-dimensional axis object as shown in FIG.
- the thickness of the steel pipe 31, the current frequency f of the current supplied to the induction heating coil 32, and the formation state of the high temperature portion 31 a when the feed speed V of the steel pipe 31 is changed are analyzed by magnetic field analysis and heat transfer. It was examined by analysis.
- the induction heating coil 32 is composed of a copper tube having a square cross-sectional shape with a side length of 15 mm
- the cooling start position of the heated steel pipe 31 is 10 mm downstream from the projection position 33 at the end of the induction heating coil 32. It was in a remote position.
- FIG. 3 shows a numerical analysis result of the temperature distribution of the steel pipe 31 when the thickness of the steel pipe 31 is 3 mm and the current frequency f is 25 kHz.
- FIG. 3 shows the feed rate dependence of the high temperature part of the steel pipe 31. 3 and FIGS. 4 to 6 described later, the upper line of the steel pipe 31 indicates the outer surface of the steel pipe 31, and the lower line of the steel pipe 31 indicates the inner surface of the steel pipe 31.
- the deformation resistance of steel materials greatly decreases in the temperature range of 800 ° C or higher. Therefore, in this numerical analysis, a region heated to 800 ° C. or higher was defined as a heating region. Moreover, all the calculations were performed on the conditions from which the maximum temperature of the outer surface of the steel pipe 31 was 1000 degreeC.
- the effective heating width (the range indicated by the symbol A in FIG. 3) is narrowed.
- the effective heating width A becomes substantially zero.
- the effective heating width A becomes zero, it becomes impossible to perform the bending process with high accuracy.
- the feed rate V of the steel pipe 31 is 100 mm / sec or more, the inner surface of the steel pipe 31 cannot be heated to 800 ° C. or higher, and it becomes impossible to perform bending.
- the feed speed V of the steel pipe 31 is set to 5 mm / sec or more and 150 mm / sec or less.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in the heating region (thickness 3 mm of the steel pipe 31, feed rate V100 mm / sec) when the current frequency f is changed.
- the penetration depth in induction heating becomes deeper as the current frequency f becomes lower. For this reason, when the feed rate V of the steel pipe 31 is the same, the inner surface of the steel pipe 31 can be heated to 800 ° C. or higher as the current frequency f is lower. However, in the present invention, as the current frequency f is lower, the effective heating width A by induction heating becomes larger, so that the dimensional accuracy of the bending member decreases.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an analysis result when a current of 25 kHz current frequency f is supplied to the two-turn induction heating coils 31-1 and 31-2 and the feed speed V of the steel pipe 31 is changed.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an analysis result in the case where a current having a changed current frequency f is supplied to the two-turn induction heating coils 31-1 and 31-2 and the steel pipe 31 is conveyed at 100 mm / sec. is there.
- the heating start position of the steel pipe 31 moves upstream as the number of turns of the induction heating coil is increased.
- the effective heating width A in the axial direction of 31 is widened, it can be seen that the inner surface of the steel pipe 31 can be heated.
- the present inventors have conducted a number of analyzes by changing the number of turns of the induction heating coil 32, the current frequency f, and the feed speed V of the steel pipe 31.
- the relationship between the feed speed V, the current frequency f, and the wall thickness at which the effective heating width A does not become zero was obtained.
- Table 1 shows the relationship between the current frequency f and the feed rate V and the thickness of the steel pipe that can be bent when an induction heating coil having one winding is used.
- the symbol “-” in Table 1 indicates that the effective heating width A is not less than zero when the thickness is 3 mm or less, that is, the steel pipe having the thickness of 3 mm or less can be bent.
- the numerical value in Table 1 shows the processing limit thickness (mm) at which the effective heating width A becomes zero when the wall thickness is equal to or greater than this value. That is, when the thickness of the steel pipe 31 targeted by the manufacturing apparatus 0 is 3 mm at the maximum, the conditions surrounded by the broken line in Table 1 are the conditions that allow bending.
- the induction heating coil 32 is generally made of a copper alloy.
- the value of the current that can be passed through the induction heating coil 32 depends on the cross-sectional area of the induction heating coil 32 and the cooling method, but is usually a maximum of 10,000 A. As shown in Table 1, in order to increase the feed speed V of the steel pipe 31, it is necessary to lower the current frequency f. When the current frequency f is lowered, the current value of the induction heating coil 32 increases.
- Table 2 shows the current value (A) that needs to be supplied to the induction heating coil 32 having a number of turns of 1 for heating to 1000 ° C. when the thickness of the steel pipe 31 is 3 mm.
- the current frequency f In order to set the feed speed V of the steel pipe 31 to 100 mm / sec or more, as shown in Table 1, the current frequency f needs to be 10 kHz or less. However, in the induction heating coil 32 having one winding, the current value exceeds 10,000A.
- Table 3 shows the analysis result of the current value (A) necessary for heating the steel pipe 31 to 1000 ° C. when the number of turns of the induction heating coil is 2 and the thickness of the steel pipe 31 is 3 mm. Show.
- Table 4 shows analysis results in a range (per turn) in which the effective heating width A does not become zero when the number of turns of the induction heating coil is 2.
- the notation in Table 4 is the same as the notation in Table 1.
- Table 5 shows the effective heating width A (mm) when the number of turns of the induction heating coil is 1
- Table 6 shows the effective heating width A (mm) when the number of turns of the induction heating coil is 2. Show.
- the effective heating width A is 25 mm or less under any condition when there are 1 roll, but depending on the conditions when there are 2 rolls as shown in Table 6 surrounded by a broken line.
- the effective heating width A may exceed 30 mm.
- the effective heating width A is narrow.
- the effective heating width A (mm) is desirably about 30 mm or less at most. Therefore, when the thickness of the steel pipe 31 is 2.0 mm or less, the effective heating width A (mm) can be made narrower by using the one-turn induction heating coil 32, and the dimensional accuracy of the bending member can be ensured. Can do.
- the feed rate V and the current frequency f are preferably 25 kHz to 100 kHz when the feed rate V is 150 mm / sec or less from Tables 1 and 2.
- the wall thickness is more than 2.0 mm and not more than 3.0 mm, it is desirable to use the two-turn induction heating coils 32-1 and 32-2. In this case also, the dimensional accuracy of the bending member is ensured.
- the effective heating width A is desirably about 30 mm or less.
- Table 6 The relationship shown in Table 6 is shown as a graph in FIG. A white circle mark in the graph of FIG. 7 indicates that the effective heating width A is 30 mm or less, and a black square mark indicates that the effective heating width A is greater than 30 mm.
- the effective heating width A is about 30 mm or less. You can see that you can.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the region where the effective heating width A shown in FIG. 7 is about 30 mm or less and the region where energization is possible shown in FIG.
- a range in which the effective heating width A cannot be secured regardless of how the current frequency f and the feed rate V are adjusted is indicated by a lattice portion LP (f ⁇ 25 kHz and V ⁇ 125 mm / sec).
- the feed mechanism 11 feeds the steel pipe 1 at a feed speed V of 5 to 150 mm / sec and the number of turns is 1 as the heating mechanism 14.
- the induction heating coil 14a is used, and the steel pipe 1 is induction-heated by supplying an alternating current having a current frequency f of 5 to 100 kHz to the one-turn induction heating coil 14a.
- an induction heating coil 14a having two windings is used as the heating mechanism 14, and the feed mechanism 11 and the heating mechanism 14 are f ⁇
- the feed speed V (mm / sec) of the steel pipe 1 by the feed mechanism 11 and the current frequency f () of the alternating current supplied to the induction heating coil 14a so as to satisfy the relationship of 3000 / V and f ⁇ 0.08V. (kHz) is preferably adjusted. However, 5 kHz ⁇ f ⁇ 100 kHz, 5 mm / sec ⁇ V ⁇ 150 mm / sec.
- the penetration heating width A of the steel pipe 1 is slightly widened, but the thickness of the steel pipe 1 is 2.0 mm or less. It is also applicable to.
- At least one other heating mechanism is provided on the upstream side of the heating mechanism 14 to heat the steel pipe 1 so that the steel pipe 1 is heated twice or more, or a part of the steel pipe 1 is not allowed in the circumferential direction. It can be heated uniformly.
- the cooling mechanism 16 is disposed at a third position C downstream of the second position B in the feed direction of the steel pipe 1.
- the cooling mechanism 16 cools the heated steel pipe 1.
- the high temperature part 1a which moves to the axial direction of the steel pipe 1 is partially formed.
- the deformation resistance of the high temperature portion 1a is significantly lower than that of other portions.
- the cooling mechanism 16 may be any mechanism that can cool the steel pipe 1 at a desired cooling rate, and is not limited to a specific type of cooling mechanism. Generally, a water cooling mechanism that cools the steel pipe 1 by injecting cooling water to a predetermined position on the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe 1 is exemplified.
- the cooling water is sprayed with an inclination toward the feeding direction of the steel pipe 1.
- the gripping mechanism 15 is disposed in a region D downstream of the third position C in the feed direction of the steel pipe 1.
- the gripping mechanism 15 is a three-dimensional including at least the feed direction of the steel pipe 1 in a work space including a space upstream of the third position C in the feed direction of the steel pipe 1 while gripping the steel pipe 1. Move in the direction of. Thereby, the gripping mechanism 15 gives a bending moment to the high temperature part 1a formed in the steel pipe 1.
- a chuck mechanism is used as the gripping mechanism 15.
- the gripping mechanism 15 that is movable in three dimensions in two dimensions.
- a bending member for example, a bending member having a two-dimensionally different bending direction, such as S-shaped bending, by performing a bending process in which the bending direction is two-dimensionally different. Is possible.
- “Workspace” means a three-dimensional space defined by the equations (3), (4), and (5).
- x ⁇ 0 and (y 0 or y ⁇ 0.5D) and 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 360 ° (3)
- D means the minimum external dimension (mm) of the bending member
- Rmin means the minimum radius of curvature (mm) of the bending member
- x, y, and ⁇ are the second values.
- the steel pipe 1 is bent by moving the gripping mechanism 15 in a three-dimensional direction in the work space, whereby a bending member having a bending portion intermittently or continuously in the longitudinal direction is manufactured. .
- the gripping mechanism 15 includes a main body 17 having a columnar outer shape and a moving mechanism 20.
- the main body 17 is constituted by a hollow body.
- the hollow body has an inner peripheral surface shaped along the outer peripheral surface of the steel pipe 1.
- the main body 17 grips the steel pipe 1 by being disposed in contact with the outer surface of the distal end portion of the steel pipe 1.
- the main body 17 may be configured by a cylindrical body having an outer peripheral surface shaped along the inner peripheral surface of the steel pipe 1. In this case, the main body 17 holds the steel pipe 1 by being inserted and disposed inside the distal end portion of the steel pipe 1.
- the moving mechanism 20 includes a first base 18 and a second base 19.
- the first base 18 mounts the main body 17 and is arranged to be movable in a direction (vertical direction in FIG. 1) perpendicular to the feed direction of the steel pipe 1 at the first position A.
- the second base 19 is disposed on the first base 18 so as to be movable in the feeding direction.
- reference numeral 22 denotes an X-axis tilt motor
- reference numeral 23 denotes an X-axis shift motor
- reference numeral 24 denotes a Y-axis tilt motor
- reference numeral 25 denotes a Y-axis shift motor
- reference numeral 26 denotes a Z-axis motor.
- a tilt motor is shown.
- Reference numeral 27 denotes an X-axis shift motor.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram conceptually showing the configuration of the manufacturing apparatus 10-1 using the articulated robot 21
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the articulated robot 21. As shown in FIG.
- the articulated robot 21 can easily support the main body 17 so as to be movable in at least a three-dimensional direction including the feeding direction of the steel pipe 1. Next, a situation in which the bending member is manufactured by the manufacturing apparatus 10 will be described.
- the long steel pipe 1 is supported at the first position A by the support mechanism 13 and is fed in the longitudinal direction by the feed mechanism 11.
- the feed mechanism 11 feeds the steel pipe 1 at a feed rate V of 5 to 150 mm / sec, and the heating mechanism disposed at the second position B
- the steel pipe 1 is induction-heated by supplying an alternating current having a current frequency V of 5 to 100 kHz to the one-turn induction heating coil 14 a constituting the coil 14.
- the feed mechanism 11 feeds the steel pipe 1 so as to satisfy the relations of f ⁇ 3000 / V and f ⁇ 0.08V.
- the steel pipe 1 is induction-heated by adjusting the speed V (mm / sec) and the current frequency f (kHz) of the alternating current supplied to the two-winding induction heating coil 14 a constituting the heating mechanism 14.
- the high temperature portion 1 a is formed in the steel pipe 1 by cooling the steel pipe 1 by the cooling mechanism 16 at the third position C.
- the position of the gripping mechanism 15 that grips the steel pipe 1 is changed to a three-dimensional direction including at least the feed direction of the steel pipe 1 in the work space, and a bending moment is applied to the high temperature portion 1a of the steel pipe 1.
- the steel pipe 1 is partially heated to a quenchable temperature range (Ac 3 points or more), and at the third position C, the steel pipe 1 is rapidly cooled at a predetermined cooling rate. It is also possible to quench at least a part of.
- the bending member which has a quenching part intermittently or continuously toward the circumferential direction in the cross section which cross
- the manufacturing apparatus 10 is arranged on the outlet side of the ERW steel pipe manufacturing apparatus, specifically, an uncoiler that continuously feeds the strip steel plate, and a molding that forms the fed strip steel plate into a pipe having a predetermined cross-sectional shape.
- a welding apparatus that welds both side edges of the abutted strip steel plates to form a continuous pipe, a post-processing apparatus that cuts the weld bead and performs post-annealing and sizing as necessary, and
- the bending member can be continuously manufactured.
- the manufacturing apparatus 10 is disposed on the exit side of the uncoiler that continuously forms the strip steel plate that forms the roll forming line, the molding device that forms the fed strip steel plate into a predetermined cross-sectional shape, and the forming device.
- the bending member can be continuously manufactured.
- the manufacturing apparatus 10 can form the high-temperature part 1a uniformly in the circumferential direction of the steel pipe 1 and stably in a narrow range in the axial direction of the steel pipe 1, whereby high strength and excellent shape freezing property are obtained.
- a bending member having a hardness distribution and a desired dimensional accuracy, and having a radius of curvature in the longitudinal direction that is not constant but having at least two portions having different curvature radii in the longitudinal direction is efficiently and inexpensively manufactured. be able to.
- the manufacturing apparatus 10-1 grips the steel pipe 1 by the gripping mechanism 15 supported by, for example, an articulated robot or the like and performs bending on the steel pipe 1, a large bending angle of the bent portion can be ensured. Thus, the surface properties and surface wrinkles can be suppressed, the dimensional accuracy can be ensured, and the bending member can be manufactured with excellent work efficiency.
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Abstract
Description
(A)屈曲部材が、長手方向へ少なくとも二つの互いに異なる曲率半径の部分を有すること、
(B)金属材が、円形、矩形、楕円形、長円形、多角形、多角形と円の組み合わせ、または多角形と楕円の組み合わせからなる横断面形状を有すること、
(C)把持機構が、金属材の先端部の内部に挿入して配置されること、または、金属材の先端部の外面に当接して配置されることによって、金属材を把持すること、
(D)送られる金属材が、第2の位置において部分的に焼入れが可能な温度に加熱されるとともに第3の位置において冷却されることによって、長手方向の少なくとも一部を焼入れられること、または
(E)屈曲部材が、長手方向、及び/又はこの長手方向と交差する断面内における周方向へ向けて、断続的又は連続的に焼入れ部を有すること
のうちの少なくとも一つを満足することが、望ましい。
1 金属材
1a 高温部
2 支持機構
3 送り機構
4 可動ローラダイス
4a ロール対
5 誘導加熱コイル
6 水冷機構
10、10-1 製造装置
11 送り機構
12 つかみ機構
13 支持機構
14 加熱機構
14a 誘導加熱コイル
15 把持機構
16 冷却機構
17 本体
18 第1の基盤
19 第2の基盤
20 移動機構
22 X軸チルトモータ
23 X軸シフトモータ
24 Y軸チルトモータ
25 Y軸シフトモータ
26 Z軸チルトモータ
27 X軸シフトモータ
30 数値解析のモデル
31 鋼管
31a 高温部
32、32-1、32-2 誘導加熱コイル
同図に示すように、製造装置10は、送り機構11と、支持機構13と、加熱機構14と、冷却機構16と、把持機構15とを備える。これらの構成要素を順次説明する。
送り機構11は、金属材1をその長手方向へ送る。金属材1は、閉じた断面形状を有する長尺かつ中空の部材である。以降の説明では、金属材1が鋼管である場合を例にとる。本発明は、金属材が鋼管1である場合には限定されない。例えば、矩形、楕円形、長円形、多角形、多角形と円の組み合わせからなる横断面形状を有する中空の金属材、または、多角形と楕円の組み合わせからなる横断面形状を有する中空の金属材が、鋼管1と同様に用いられる。
支持機構13は、送り機構11によって軸方向へ送られる鋼管1を、第1の位置Aにおいて移動自在に支持する。
[加熱機構14]
加熱機構14は、送られる鋼管1を誘導加熱する。加熱機構14は、第1の位置Aよりも鋼管1の送り方向の下流に位置する第2の位置Bに、配置される。
(数値解析条件)
図2は、数値解析のモデル30を示す説明図である。数値解析のモデル30は、図2に示すように2次元軸対象とした。
鋼管31の直径(mm):38.1
誘導加熱コイル32と鋼管31との距離d(mm):3
電流周波数f(kHz):5、10、25、50、75または100の6水準
鋼管31の肉厚(mm):1.0、2.0または3.0の3水準
鋼管31の送り速度V(mm/sec):5、10、50、75、100、125または150の7水準
加熱された鋼管31の冷却開始位置は、誘導加熱コイル32の端部の投影位置33から下流へ向けて10mm離れた位置とした。
図3に、鋼管31の肉厚が3mmであってかつ電流周波数fが25kHzである場合における、鋼管31の温度分布の数値解析結果を示す。図3は、鋼管31の高温部の送り速度依存性を示す。なお、図3、および後述する図4~6では、鋼管31の上部の線が鋼管31の外面を示し、鋼管31の下部の線が鋼管31の内面を示す。
図4は、電流周波数fを変化させた場合における加熱領域の変化(鋼管31の肉厚3mm、送り速度V100mm/sec)を示す説明図である。
図8に示すグラフから、2巻きの誘導加熱コイル32-1、32-2を用いる場合に通電可能な範囲は、近似式であるf≧0.08Vの範囲である。
冷却機構16は、第2の位置Bよりも鋼管1の送り方向の下流の第3の位置Cに、配置される。冷却機構16は、加熱された鋼管1を冷却する。鋼管1は、冷却機構16により冷却されることにより、鋼管1の軸方向へ移動する高温部1aが部分的に形成される。高温部1aは、他の部分よりも変形抵抗が大幅に低下している。
把持機構15は、第3の位置Cよりも鋼管1の送り方向の下流の領域Dに配置される。把持機構15は、鋼管1を把持しながら、第3の位置Cよりも鋼管1の送り方向の上流側の空間を含むワークスペース(work space)内において、少なくとも鋼管1の送り方向を含む三次元の方向へ移動する。これにより、把持機構15は、鋼管1に形成されている高温部1aに曲げモーメントを与える。一般的には、チャック機構が把持機構15として用いられる。
x<0かつ(y=0またはy≧0.5D)かつ0≦θ<360° ・・・・・(3)
x2+(y-Rmin)2≧Rmin2 ・・・・(4)
x2+(y+Rmin)2≧Rmin2-(0.5D-Rmin)2+(0.5D+Rmin)2 ・・・・(5)
ただし、式(3)~(5)において、Dは屈曲部材の最小外形寸法(mm)を意味し、Rminは屈曲部材の最小曲率半径(mm)を意味し、x、y、θは第2の位置を原点とする円柱座標系であって、屈曲部材の瞬間的な送り方向をxの正方向とし、xと水平面内で直交する方向をyとし、周方向の角度をθとする。
把持機構15は、柱状の外形を有する本体17と移動機構20とを備える。
図10は、関節型ロボット21を用いた製造装置10-1の構成を概念的に示す説明図であり、図11はこの関節型ロボット21を示す説明図である。
次に、この製造装置10によって屈曲部材を製造する状況を説明する。
次に、鋼管1の肉厚が2.0mm以下である場合には、送り機構11が鋼管1を5~150mm/secの送り速度Vで送るとともに、第2の位置Bに配置された加熱機構14を構成する1巻きの誘導加熱コイル14aに5~100kHzの電流周波数Vの交流電流を供給することにより、鋼管1を誘導加熱する。
そして、領域Dにおいて、鋼管1を把持する把持機構15の位置を、前記ワークスペース内において、少なくとも鋼管1の送り方向を含む三次元の方向へ変更して、鋼管1の高温部1aに曲げモーメントを与える。
Claims (8)
- 閉じた横断面形状を有する長尺かつ中空の金属材を、その長手方向へ送りながら第1の位置において支持し、
前記第1の位置よりも前記金属材の送り方向の下流に位置する第2の位置において該金属材を誘導加熱コイルにより誘導加熱するとともに、前記第2の位置よりも前記金属材の送り方向の下流に位置する第3の位置において前記金属材を冷却することによって、前記金属材の軸方向へ移動する高温部を形成するとともに、
前記第3の位置よりも前記金属材の送り方向の下流に位置する領域において、前記金属材を把持する把持機構の位置を三次元の方向へ変更して、前記高温部に曲げモーメントを与えることによって、
三次元に屈曲する屈曲部を長手方向へ向けて断続的又は連続的に備える屈曲部材を製造する方法において、
前記金属材の肉厚が2.0mm以下である場合には、前記金属材の送り速度を5~150mm/secとするとともに、前記誘導加熱コイルとして巻き数が1である誘導加熱コイルを用い、かつ該誘導加熱コイルに5~100kHzの交流電流を供給すること、および/または、
前記金属材の肉厚が2.0mm超3.0mm以下である場合には、前記誘導加熱コイルとして巻き数が2である誘導加熱コイルを用い、下記(1)式および(2)式の関係を満足するように、該誘導加熱コイルに供給する交流電流の周波数(kHz)および前記金属材の送り速度(mm/sec)を調整すること
を特徴とする屈曲部材の製造方法。
f<3000/V ・・・・・・・(1)
f≧0.08V ・・・・・・・(2)
ただし、(1)式および(2)式において、fは前記周波数であるとともにVは前記送り速度であり、5kHz≦f≦100kHz、5mm/sec≦V≦150mm/secである。 - 前記屈曲部材は、前記長手方向へ少なくとも二つの互いに異なる曲率半径の部分を有する請求項1に記載された屈曲部材の製造方法。
- 前記金属材は、円形、矩形、楕円形、長円形、多角形、多角形と円の組み合わせからなる横断面形状、または、多角形と楕円の組み合わせからなる横断面形状を有する請求項1または請求項2に記載された屈曲部材の製造方法。
- 前記把持機構は、前記金属材の先端部の内部に挿入して配置されることによって、前記金属材を把持する請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載された屈曲部材の製造方法。
- 前記把持機構は、前記金属材の先端部の外面に当接して配置されることによって、前記金属材を把持する請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載された屈曲部材の製造方法。
- 送られる前記金属材は、前記第2の位置において部分的に焼入れが可能な温度に加熱されるとともに前記第3の位置において冷却されることによって、長手方向の少なくとも一部を焼入れられる請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1項に記載された屈曲部材の製造方法。
- 前記屈曲部材は、長手方向、及び/又は該長手方向と交差する断面内における周方向へ向けて、断続的又は連続的に焼入れ部を有する請求項1から請求項6までのいずれか1項に記載された屈曲部材の製造方法。
- 閉じた横断面形状を有する長尺かつ中空の金属材をその長手方向へ送るための送り機構と、
送られる前記金属材を、第1の位置において支持するための支持機構と、
送られる前記金属材を、前記第1の位置よりも該金属材の送り方向の下流に位置する第2の位置において誘導加熱するための加熱機構と、
送られる前記金属材を、前記第2の位置よりも該金属材の送り方向の下流に位置する第3の位置において前記金属材の加熱された部分を冷却することによって、前記金属材の軸方向へ移動する高温部を該金属材に部分的に形成するための冷却機構と、
送られる前記金属材を、前記第3の位置よりも前記金属材の送り方向の下流に位置する領域において把持しながら、三次元の方向へ移動することによって、前記高温部に曲げモーメントを与えるための把持機構と
を備える屈曲部材の製造装置において、
前記金属材の肉厚が2.0mm以下である場合には、前記送り機構は前記金属材を5~150mm/secの送り速度で送るとともに、前記加熱機構は巻き数が1である誘導加熱コイルを有し、かつ該誘導加熱コイルは5~100kHzの交流電流を供給されること、および/または、
前記金属材の肉厚が2.0mm超3.0mm以下である場合には、前記加熱機構は巻き数が2である誘導加熱コイルを有するとともに、前記送り機構および前記加熱機構は、下記(1)式および(2)式の関係を満足するように、前記送り機構による前記金属材の送り速度(mm/sec)と、前記誘導加熱コイルに供給される交流電流の周波数(kHz)とを調整すること
を特徴とする屈曲部材の製造装置。
f<3000/V ・・・・・・・(1)
f≧0.08V ・・・・・・・(2)
ただし、(1)式および(2)式において、fは前記周波数であるとともにVは前記送り速度であり、5kHz≦f≦100kHz、5mm/sec≦V≦150mm/secである。
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| EP11731814.7A EP2522442B1 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-06 | Flexure member manufacturing method and flexture member manufacturing device |
| CA2786458A CA2786458C (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-06 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a bent member |
| KR1020127019764A KR101414346B1 (ko) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-06 | 굴곡 부재의 제조 방법 및 제조 장치 |
| AU2011204164A AU2011204164B2 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-06 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a bent member |
| CN201180012759.6A CN102791395B (zh) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-06 | 弯曲构件的制造方法及制造装置 |
| MX2012007910A MX2012007910A (es) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-06 | Metodo y aparato para fabricar a un miembro doblado. |
| BR112012016810A BR112012016810A8 (pt) | 2010-01-06 | 2011-01-06 | Método e aparelho para a fabricação de um membro dobrado |
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| US13/542,840 US8567225B2 (en) | 2010-01-06 | 2012-07-06 | Method and apparatus for manufacturing a bent member |
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- 2011-01-06 JP JP2011549017A patent/JP5472324B2/ja active Active
- 2011-01-06 KR KR1020127019764A patent/KR101414346B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-01-06 WO PCT/JP2011/050091 patent/WO2011083816A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2011-01-06 EP EP11731814.7A patent/EP2522442B1/en active Active
- 2011-01-06 EA EA201290609A patent/EA020748B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-01-06 CN CN201180012759.6A patent/CN102791395B/zh active Active
- 2011-01-06 MX MX2012007910A patent/MX2012007910A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2011-01-06 BR BR112012016810A patent/BR112012016810A8/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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2012
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017061445A1 (ja) * | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-13 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 焼入れ鋼材の製造方法および製造装置、焼入れ用鋼材ならびに焼入れ鋼材 |
| JP2019210509A (ja) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-12 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 3次元熱間曲げ焼入れ装置および焼入れ方法 |
| JP6992680B2 (ja) | 2018-06-04 | 2022-01-13 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 3次元熱間曲げ焼入れ装置および焼入れ方法 |
| CN112387817A (zh) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-02-23 | 江苏正基电梯部件有限公司 | 一种便于维护的扶梯内外盖板弧度成型装置 |
| CN113441580A (zh) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-09-28 | 南通驰连机械有限公司 | 一种智能自动数控弯管机 |
| CN113441580B (zh) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-16 | 南通驰连机械有限公司 | 一种智能自动数控弯管机 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112012016810A8 (pt) | 2017-10-03 |
| JP5472324B2 (ja) | 2014-04-16 |
| AU2011204164A1 (en) | 2012-08-02 |
| US20130000375A1 (en) | 2013-01-03 |
| ZA201205733B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
| CN102791395B (zh) | 2015-04-22 |
| CA2786458A1 (en) | 2011-07-14 |
| AU2011204164B2 (en) | 2014-01-30 |
| EP2522442B1 (en) | 2020-10-28 |
| EP2522442A1 (en) | 2012-11-14 |
| KR20120099143A (ko) | 2012-09-06 |
| US8567225B2 (en) | 2013-10-29 |
| CN102791395A (zh) | 2012-11-21 |
| EA201290609A1 (ru) | 2013-01-30 |
| KR101414346B1 (ko) | 2014-07-02 |
| JPWO2011083816A1 (ja) | 2013-05-13 |
| MX2012007910A (es) | 2012-12-17 |
| CA2786458C (en) | 2014-09-23 |
| EA020748B1 (ru) | 2015-01-30 |
| EP2522442A4 (en) | 2018-03-21 |
| BR112012016810A2 (pt) | 2016-04-19 |
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