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WO2011071412A2 - Système de carottage électrique de puits à tubage - Google Patents

Système de carottage électrique de puits à tubage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011071412A2
WO2011071412A2 PCT/RU2010/000659 RU2010000659W WO2011071412A2 WO 2011071412 A2 WO2011071412 A2 WO 2011071412A2 RU 2010000659 W RU2010000659 W RU 2010000659W WO 2011071412 A2 WO2011071412 A2 WO 2011071412A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring
electrodes
current
probe
electric
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Ceased
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PCT/RU2010/000659
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
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WO2011071412A3 (fr
Inventor
Николай Иванович РЫХЛИНСКИЙ
Алексей Сергеевич КАШИК
Владимир Михайлович ЛОХМАТОВ
Валентин ЦОЙ
Андрей Степанович СТЕПАНОВ
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Publication of WO2011071412A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011071412A3/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
    • G01V3/20—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with propagation of electric current
    • G01V3/22—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging operating with propagation of electric current using DC

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of geophysical studies of wells and is intended to determine simultaneously at several discrete points of electrical resistivity of rocks located equidistant along the axis of the borehole surrounding a cased metal column well.
  • any known method of electric logging of wells cased by a solid metal casing is set in conditions of working with useful signals in the nanovolt range, which are many times lower than interference signals if they are not suppressed.
  • the above methods are based on differential measurement between two pairs of measuring electrodes of a probe of the second electric potential difference or using a bridge consisting of two identical electrical resistances (the first option), or by separately measuring both differences of electric potentials with two separate meters, followed by subtracting their readings at the output (second option).
  • the second option also has the disadvantage that it is technically difficult to create two amplifiers with the same and stable gain, suitable for differential measurement of the second potential difference.
  • Such methods of measuring the second difference in electric potentials are in principle permissible in cased hole logging, provided that the linear base between the two pairs of measuring electrodes is constant.
  • the distance changes when changing the electrode clamp diameter between their pairs can vary by up to one centimeter. Since the resistivity of the column and the resistivity of the rocks surrounding it differ by 10 7 times or more, such a change in the distance between the measuring electrodes in the differential measurement of the second difference in electrical potentials can lead to an error that is many times higher than the permissible one.
  • the proposed method solves the problem of increasing the recording speed and eliminating the above disturbances against the background of useful measured signals and, as a result of this, solves the problem of increasing the dynamic range of determining the true specific electrical resistance of rock formations surrounding the well over 100 Ohm.m with a measurement error of up to 5%.
  • the electrodes of a multi-electrode probe are distributed into groups of measuring nodes, each of which consists of three nearby measuring electrodes;
  • the number of measuring nodes is two or more
  • measuring the first potential difference is carried out between the extreme measuring electrodes of each measuring node and additionally measuring the first electric potential difference between one of the extreme measuring electrodes and the central of each measuring node at each of the electric current supplies to both current electrodes;
  • zi is the electrical resistance of the well section, determined for each i-th measuring unit according to the formula
  • K ⁇ is the focusing coefficient determined from the condition that the resulting normalized potential difference between the extreme measuring electrodes of each measuring node is equal to zero from the equation
  • the body by the body, the first potential differences of the electric field between the extreme measuring electrode Mi and the central Mi + i of each measuring unit when applying currents, respectively, to the first A ⁇ and second A current probe electrodes; - measured by one / - meter
  • B is the geometric coefficient of the probe for each measuring unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a downhole tool that implements the proposed method.
  • 1 is the body of the downhole tool; 2- first measuring electrode Mi; 3- second measuring electrode Mr, 4- third measuring electrode Ms; 5th - measuring electrode Mi; 6- i + 1- measuring electrode Mi +1; 7- i + 2- measuring electrode Mi +2; 8-p - measuring electrode Mn; 9- p + ⁇ - measuring electrode Mn + ⁇ ; 10 - p + 2 - measuring electrode probe current electrodes located outside the measuring electrodes symmetrically with respect to the probe center.
  • Mi, Mi, Mi - electrodes making up the first measuring unit Mi, Ms, M4 - electrodes making up the second measuring unit; Mi, Mi + l, Mi + 2- electrodes making up the i-th measuring unit; Mn, Mn + 1, Mn + 2 - electrodes making up the fifth measuring unit;
  • Figure 2-a is a graph of the distribution of electric potential along the casing from the action of the current I A from the current electrode A ⁇ .
  • Figure 2-b shows a graph of the distribution of electric potential along the casing from the current I I FROM the current electrode Ar, taking into account the scaling focusing coefficient K anno ⁇ Communication ⁇ Communication Principal It obtained from the condition that the potential difference is equal to zero between the extreme measuring electrodes Mi and Mi +2 of each measuring node.
  • any version of the method of electric logging cased by a solid metal casing wells is set in the conditions for working with useful signals in the nanovoltaic range, which are many times lower than interference signals, among which are: interference associated with a change the distance between the measuring electrodes of the probe due to a change in the inner diameter of the casing string and, as a consequence of this, a change in the angle of inclination of the levers of the pressure contacts of these electrodes; interference due to inconstancy of the running electrical resistance of the casing; interference caused by the inconstancy of the supply current of the probe current electrodes caused by both the insufficient stability of the power source for operation in the nanovolt range and the inconstancy of the electrical resistance of the current circuit; interference due to induction interference of the line probe current electrodes on the line of the probe measuring electrodes; interference due to contact electrode potentials; thermal noise; telluric interference; random impulse noise.
  • interference signals among which are: interference associated with a change the distance between the measuring electrodes of the probe due to a change in
  • the measured electric potential, its first differences and the currents of both current electrodes are digitized.
  • a high frequency of supply of the probe current electrodes is required, but it cannot be higher than 0.25 Hertz due to the influence of induction pickups.
  • the time interval between switching the current and the beginning of the measurement of the signals of the first potential differences depends on the length of the current and measuring lines located together with one another. When measuring the first potential differences, this interval is not less than 0.4 seconds, since the current and measuring lines of the first potential differences are combined only in the interval of several meters, equal to the length of the measuring lines of the first differences. In order to avoid the distorting effect of induction interference on the results of measuring the first potential differences, information is in the time interval from the beginning of current switching to 0.4 sec. do not use.
  • this interval is already at least one second, since the current and measuring lines in this case are combined in the interval of several thousand meters, that is, over the entire length of kA a mouth cable connecting the downhole tool to surface equipment.
  • the most optimal is the frequency of bipolar rectangular current pulses of 0.25 Hertz or less.
  • the medium under study is approximated as two-dimensionally inhomogeneous in the coordinates Z and V.
  • the well is not an ideal linear electrode, i.e., its linear electric resistance ⁇ along the coordinate ⁇ between the extreme measuring electrodes is unstable and can vary from one section to another in several
  • U ( ⁇ ) is the electric potential in the well at the observation point with coordinate ⁇ ;
  • J r (z) is the current flowing from the borehole wall into the surrounding rock per unit of the depth interval (linear current density with dimension [A / m]);
  • ⁇ is the electrical resistance exerted by the medium to the current
  • the surface S consists of the bases of the cylinder $ p and q and its side surface S b . Therefore, the left side of equation (3) represents the sum of three flows
  • the extremum of the potential at the location of the measuring electrodes is achieved by selection in the sources
  • ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ 2 located on both sides at the same distance from the middle electrode Mi +1 (measuring point), of currents of values such that the potential difference between the two electrodes Mi and Mi +2 symmetric with respect to Mi +1 is equal to zero, i.e. . Reaching an extremum at a measurement point means the exclusion of the axial component of the current ), which in the well, upon excitation of the medium under study by a single-pole source, is much larger than the radial component .
  • a second finite potential difference proportional to it is used
  • h is the geometric coefficient of each measuring node of the probe, meters.
  • K i is the focusing coefficient, determined from the condition that the resulting normalized potential difference between the extreme measuring electrodes of the probe from the equation be equal to zero
  • I A ⁇ 5 I A2 currents of the current electrodes of the probe A 1 and Ar; - dimensionless modules of currents I A ⁇ , 1 A2 , obtained after
  • ki is the geometric coefficient of the probe for each measuring unit.
  • ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is the electrical resistance of the well section, measured between the extreme measuring electrodes of each measuring node of the probe.
  • the electrical resistance zi of the column section between the extreme measuring electrodes of the probe is usually determined by the formula
  • the electrical resistivity P nursein this particular example is obtained from formula (12).
  • this formula is deduced from the assumption that the resulting axial component of the current flowing along the highly conductive metal column between the measuring electrodes Mi and Mi + 2 of each measuring unit is zero. Owing to this, in particular, there is no distorting effect of the inconstancy of the electrical resistance of the column on the measurement results, and the processor after processing the signals determines the true formation resistance in each measuring unit using formula (12), which is confirmed by modeling on mathematical models.
  • Formula (19) quantitatively for determining the electrical resistivity D does not differ from formula (12), but qualitatively it differs in that it replaces the differentially measured second potential differences by integrally measured
  • the geometric coefficient of the probe h and the linearity range between the true electrical resistivity P t and the readings of the device created by this method are determined using a grid mathematical model (V. Druskin, L. Knizhnerman. Method for solving direct problems of electric logging and DC electrical intelligence. Izv. AN SSSR, ser. "Physics of the Earth", 1987,

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne le domaine de la prospection géophysiques de puits et est destinée à déterminer la résistivité électrique de roches dans les puits à tubage. Selon l'invention, on utilise une sonde à électrodes multiples se présentant comme deux ou plusieurs unités de mesure disposées l'une après l'autre à des distances égales le long de l'axe du trou de forage et constituée chacune de trois électrodes de mesure. En dehors des limites des électrodes de mesure, deux électrodes de courant ont été montées symétriques par rapport au milieu de la sonde. Des impulsions carrées bipolaires de courant continu sont envoyées en alternance aux électrodes de la sonde. Le potentiel électrique et ses différences de premier ordre sont mesurés et numérisés. Tous les quanta de signaux numérisés sont traités et filtrés de manière appropriée pour déterminer la résistivité électrique des formations rocheuses entourant la colonne de tubage pour chaque unité de mesure en plusieurs points le long de l'axe du trou de forage. Le résultat technique comprend un accroissement de la vitesse de diagraphie, une réduction d'interférences et une augmentation de la plage dynamique.
PCT/RU2010/000659 2009-12-07 2010-11-10 Système de carottage électrique de puits à tubage Ceased WO2011071412A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2009145042/28A RU2408039C1 (ru) 2009-12-07 2009-12-07 Способ электрического каротажа обсаженных скважин
RU2009145042 2009-12-07

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WO2011071412A2 true WO2011071412A2 (fr) 2011-06-16
WO2011071412A3 WO2011071412A3 (fr) 2011-09-29

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WO (1) WO2011071412A2 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102767366A (zh) * 2012-07-05 2012-11-07 中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所 一种高分辨率方位电阻率侧向测井仪及测井方法
CN102767364A (zh) * 2012-07-05 2012-11-07 中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所 高分辨率双侧向测井仪及电阻率测量方法
CN102767367A (zh) * 2012-07-05 2012-11-07 中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所 高分辨率侧向测井仪及电阻率测量方法
CN106646635A (zh) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-10 张鑫 变线源电阻率连续测量方法
CN107861163A (zh) * 2017-10-18 2018-03-30 中国煤炭地质总局九勘探队 一种单电极测量井中测量电阻率的方法

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2630335C2 (ru) * 2011-11-18 2017-09-07 Цой Валентин Способ каротажа скважин, обсаженных металлической колонной
RU2615404C1 (ru) * 2015-10-09 2017-04-04 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ИНТЕХ-Внедрение" Способ электрического каротажа в скважинах, обсаженных металлической колонной
CN110673216B (zh) * 2019-10-28 2022-06-07 中建四局第一建设有限公司 一种单孔电阻率探测溶洞方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4820989A (en) * 1986-11-04 1989-04-11 Paramagnetic Logging, Inc. Methods and apparatus for measurement of the resistivity of geological formations from within cased boreholes
US5510712A (en) * 1994-05-02 1996-04-23 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Method and apparatus for measuring formation resistivity in cased holes
RU2176802C1 (ru) * 2001-02-20 2001-12-10 Кашик Алексей Сергеевич Способ электрического каротажа обсаженных скважин
RU2229735C1 (ru) * 2003-04-22 2004-05-27 Кашик Алексей Сергеевич Способ электрического каротажа обсаженных скважин
RU2302019C1 (ru) * 2006-04-18 2007-06-27 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Интерлог" Способ электрического каротажа обсаженных скважин

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102767366A (zh) * 2012-07-05 2012-11-07 中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所 一种高分辨率方位电阻率侧向测井仪及测井方法
CN102767364A (zh) * 2012-07-05 2012-11-07 中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所 高分辨率双侧向测井仪及电阻率测量方法
CN102767367A (zh) * 2012-07-05 2012-11-07 中国电子科技集团公司第二十二研究所 高分辨率侧向测井仪及电阻率测量方法
CN106646635A (zh) * 2016-12-26 2017-05-10 张鑫 变线源电阻率连续测量方法
CN107861163A (zh) * 2017-10-18 2018-03-30 中国煤炭地质总局九勘探队 一种单电极测量井中测量电阻率的方法

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WO2011071412A3 (fr) 2011-09-29
RU2408039C1 (ru) 2010-12-27

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