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WO2011071486A1 - Système de protection de circuit à semi-conducteurs fonctionnant avec un interrupteur de circuit sur défaut d'arc - Google Patents

Système de protection de circuit à semi-conducteurs fonctionnant avec un interrupteur de circuit sur défaut d'arc Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011071486A1
WO2011071486A1 PCT/US2009/067098 US2009067098W WO2011071486A1 WO 2011071486 A1 WO2011071486 A1 WO 2011071486A1 US 2009067098 W US2009067098 W US 2009067098W WO 2011071486 A1 WO2011071486 A1 WO 2011071486A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solid state
switch
state device
current
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2009/067098
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jian Xu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Masco Corp
Original Assignee
Masco Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Masco Corp filed Critical Masco Corp
Priority to PCT/US2009/067098 priority Critical patent/WO2011071486A1/fr
Publication of WO2011071486A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011071486A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/081—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0812—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit by measures taken in the control circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
    • H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/26—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents
    • H02H3/32—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors
    • H02H3/33—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to difference between voltages or between currents; responsive to phase angle between voltages or between currents involving comparison of the voltage or current values at corresponding points in different conductors of a single system, e.g. of currents in go and return conductors using summation current transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/20—Responsive to malfunctions or to light source life; for protection
    • H05B47/24—Circuit arrangements for protecting against overvoltage

Definitions

  • This application relates to an electric circuit wherein a protection device for a solid state circuit element is incorporated into a circuit, which works in harmony with an arc fault circuit interrupter ("AFCI").
  • AFCI arc fault circuit interrupter
  • AFCIs have been required in building electric systems.
  • An AFCI acts to disable an electric circuit should specific current patterns be detected. These patterns could include arcing and sparking resulting from a short-circuit. Once these patterns are recognized, the AFCI unit will de-energize the circuit. AFCI units typically de- energize a circuit within a mini- second timeframe.
  • Solid state circuit elements are being incorporated to control the electric systems. Such solid state devices also need to be protected from a short-circuit current. In fact, a solid state device must be protected more quickly than the AFCI will de-energize the circuit. As an example, after a micro-second range, a solid state device could be damaged.
  • an electric circuit is provided with a solid state device having a protection switch.
  • a parallel electric line which bypasses the solid state device is closed such that the circuit does supply the current to the AFCI, and such that the AFCI can act to de-energize the circuit.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of an electric circuit in a normal operation mode.
  • Figure 2 shows a first step in addressing a short circuit.
  • Figure 3 shows a subsequent step.
  • Figure 4 shows a sample dimmer circuit.
  • An electric circuit 20 is illustrated in Figure 1.
  • the electric circuit 20 is shown for powering a light bulb 22. While light bulb 22 is shown, electric circuits for powering any number of items could benefit from this invention.
  • An AFCI 24 may be a standard item and is incorporated into the circuit. The AFCI will operate to detect an arc fault or other short-circuit predictors and will de-energize the circuit when such an occurrence is detected.
  • a control 26 includes a MOSFET implemented bi-directional switch 28. This switch 28 is part of an overall control 30 for providing dimming of the power delivered to the light bulb 22.
  • One such dimmer circuit is disclosed in U.S. Patent Application 11/684,834, entitled “Dimming Circuit for Controlling Electrical Power," filed on March 12, 2007. While the solid state device is shown as a MOSFET switch, other solid state devices can benefit from this invention. Moreover, dimmer circuits other than the specifically disclosed dimmer circuit (see Figure 4) can also benefit from this application.
  • the MOSFET 28 is provided with a parallel bypass line 32 having its own electro-mechanical bi-directional switch 34.
  • a line 36 downstream of the light bulb 22 communicates to a current sensing control 38.
  • the current sensing control communicates with a switch control 40.
  • the switch control 40 acts to control the switches 28 and 34, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. Initially, and during normal operation as shown in Figure 1, the switch 28 is controlled by a power width modulation (PWM) signal and the switch 34 is opened.
  • PWM power width modulation
  • a sample dimmer circuit is shown in Figure 4.
  • the sample dimmer circuit 30 as shown in Figure 4 includes two MOSFETS 28.
  • the circuit of this application can have redundant bypass lines and switches associated with each of the MOSFETS.
  • the microcontroller 30 provides a timing control signal input to the timing portion 41.
  • the timing control signal in one example comprises a pulse width modulation control signal.
  • the timing control signal controls when the dimming portion 42 activates the MOSFET switches 46 of the power train portion 44 to control the amount of power supplied to a load 52.
  • the microcontroller 26 determines how to set the timing control signal based upon what setting a user selects (e.g., what dimming level is desired). In one example, the microcontroller 30 uses known techniques for providing the pulse width modulation input to achieve a desired corresponding amount of dimming.
  • the power train portion 44 includes the MOSFETs 28 because they are efficient for certain power levels (e.g., up to about 600W). Another example is useful with higher powers and includes an IGBT in place of the MOSFETs 28.
  • One example load 22 is a light bulb. Controlling the light intensity of a bulb is one example use of the illustrated arrangement.
  • the load 50 is plugged into a wall socket having terminals schematically represented at 52 and 54
  • the MOSFETs 28 in one example operate according to a known reverse phase control strategy when the gate and source of each is coupled with a sufficient voltage to set the MOSFETs 28 into an operative state (e.g., turn them on) so that they allow power from a source 56 (e.g., line AC) to be supplied to the load 50.
  • a source 56 e.g., line AC
  • the MOSFETs 28 are turned on at 0 volts and turned off at a high voltage.
  • a forward phase control strategy is used where the MOSFETs 28 turn on at a high voltage and off at 0 volts.
  • Another example includes turning the MOSFETs 28 on at a non-zero voltage and turning them off at another non-zero voltage.
  • the dimming portion 42 controls when the power train portion 44 is on and, therefore, controls the amount of power provided to the load 22. Controlling the amount of power provided to a light bulb controls the intensity of light emitted by the bulb, for example.
  • an isolated DC voltage source 60 is selectively coupled directly to the gate and source of the MOSFETs 28 for setting them to conduct for delivering power to the load.
  • the isolated DC voltage source 60 has an associated floating ground 62.
  • a switch 64 responds to the timing control signal input 26 from the microcontroller and enters an operative state (e.g., turns on) to couple the isolated DC voltage source 60 to the MOSFETs 28.
  • the switch 64 comprises an opto-coupler component.
  • Other examples include a relay switch or a transformer component for selectively coupling the isolated DC voltage source 60 to the MOSFETs 28.
  • the isolated DC voltage source 60 provides 12 volts. In another example, a lower voltage is used. The voltage of the isolated DC voltage source 60 is selected to be sufficient to turn on the MOSFETs 46 to the saturation region.
  • One example includes using an isolated DC-DC converter to achieve the isolated DC voltage source 60.
  • Another example includes a second-stage transformer.
  • the illustrated example includes voltage controlling components for controlling the voltage that reaches the gate and source of the MOSFETs 28.
  • the illustrated example includes resistors 66 and 68 and a zener diode 70.
  • the resistor 66 sets the turn on speed or the time it takes to turn on the MOSFETs 28.
  • the resistors 66 and 68 set the turn off speed or the time it takes to turn off the MOSFETs 28.
  • the resistor 68 has a much higher resistance compared to that of the resistor 66 such that the resistor 68 effectively sets the turn off time for the MOSFETs 28. Selecting an off speed and on speed allows for avoiding oscillation of the MOSFETs 28 and avoiding generating heat if the MOSFETs 28 were to stay in a linear operation region too long.
  • the zener diode 70 provides over voltage protection to shield the MOSFETs from voltage spikes and noise, for example.
  • the zener diode 70 is configured to maintain the voltage provided to the MOSFET gate and source inputs at or below the diode's reverse breakdown voltage in a known manner.
  • One example does not include a zener diode.
  • One advantage to the disclosed example is that the MOSFETs can be fully controlled during an entire AC cycle without requiring a rectifier.
  • the disclosed example is a more efficient circuit arrangement compared to others that relied upon RC circuitry and a rectifier for controlling the MOSFETs.
  • bi-directional switches are disclosed for AC applications, unidirectional switches can be used, as an example for DC applications, say for LED lighting.
  • the AFCI is incorporated into an existing circuitry within a building, and that the present invention would be incorporated as a solid state circuit protection system, which is connected into the existing building circuit having the AFCI.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un circuit électrique qui comprend une charge, un dispositif à semi-conducteurs et une commande servant à ouvrir le circuit de telle manière qu'un courant ne circule pas à travers le dispositif à semi-conducteurs, et à faciliter une circulation de courant pour contourner ledit dispositif à semi-conducteurs et fournir un trajet de courant à un interrupteur de circuit sur défaut d'arc. Une dérivation comprend un interrupteur normalement ouvert qui est fermé pour fournir un courant à l'interrupteur de circuit sur défaut d'arc.
PCT/US2009/067098 2009-12-08 2009-12-08 Système de protection de circuit à semi-conducteurs fonctionnant avec un interrupteur de circuit sur défaut d'arc Ceased WO2011071486A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2009/067098 WO2011071486A1 (fr) 2009-12-08 2009-12-08 Système de protection de circuit à semi-conducteurs fonctionnant avec un interrupteur de circuit sur défaut d'arc

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2009/067098 WO2011071486A1 (fr) 2009-12-08 2009-12-08 Système de protection de circuit à semi-conducteurs fonctionnant avec un interrupteur de circuit sur défaut d'arc

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011071486A1 true WO2011071486A1 (fr) 2011-06-16

Family

ID=42272255

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2009/067098 Ceased WO2011071486A1 (fr) 2009-12-08 2009-12-08 Système de protection de circuit à semi-conducteurs fonctionnant avec un interrupteur de circuit sur défaut d'arc

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2011071486A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11239652B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2022-02-01 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Compliant, hazardous environment circuit protection devices, systems and methods
US11270854B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2022-03-08 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Circuit protection devices, systems and methods for explosive environment compliance
US11303111B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2022-04-12 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Configurable modular hazardous location compliant circuit protection devices, systems and methods
US11615925B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2023-03-28 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Hazardous location compliant circuit protection devices having enhanced safety intelligence, systems and methods

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995019659A1 (fr) * 1994-01-18 1995-07-20 Premlex Pty. Ltd. Circuit de commutation
JPH1031924A (ja) * 1996-07-15 1998-02-03 Toshiba Corp 複合型スイッチング装置
US20050012395A1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2005-01-20 Steven Eckroad Integrated closed loop control method and apparatus for combined uninterruptible power supply and generator system
EP2053741A1 (fr) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-29 Crouzet Automatismes Dispositif de commutation électrique statique auto-protégé

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995019659A1 (fr) * 1994-01-18 1995-07-20 Premlex Pty. Ltd. Circuit de commutation
JPH1031924A (ja) * 1996-07-15 1998-02-03 Toshiba Corp 複合型スイッチング装置
US20050012395A1 (en) * 2002-12-06 2005-01-20 Steven Eckroad Integrated closed loop control method and apparatus for combined uninterruptible power supply and generator system
EP2053741A1 (fr) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-29 Crouzet Automatismes Dispositif de commutation électrique statique auto-protégé

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11239652B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2022-02-01 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Compliant, hazardous environment circuit protection devices, systems and methods
US11270854B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2022-03-08 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Circuit protection devices, systems and methods for explosive environment compliance
US11303111B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2022-04-12 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Configurable modular hazardous location compliant circuit protection devices, systems and methods
US11615925B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2023-03-28 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Hazardous location compliant circuit protection devices having enhanced safety intelligence, systems and methods
US11967478B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2024-04-23 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Circuit protection devices, systems and methods for explosive environment compliance
US12237136B2 (en) 2018-12-26 2025-02-25 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Hazardous location compliant circuit protection devices having enhanced safety intelligence, systems and methods

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