WO2011070951A1 - Organic electronics panel and method of manufacturing same - Google Patents
Organic electronics panel and method of manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011070951A1 WO2011070951A1 PCT/JP2010/071452 JP2010071452W WO2011070951A1 WO 2011070951 A1 WO2011070951 A1 WO 2011070951A1 JP 2010071452 W JP2010071452 W JP 2010071452W WO 2011070951 A1 WO2011070951 A1 WO 2011070951A1
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- organic
- organic electronics
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- electronics panel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/10—Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
- H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
- H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/80—Constructional details
- H10K30/88—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8051—Anodes
- H10K59/80516—Anodes combined with auxiliary electrodes, e.g. ITO layer combined with metal lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
- H10K59/8052—Cathodes
- H10K59/80522—Cathodes combined with auxiliary electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/87—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K59/871—Self-supporting sealing arrangements
- H10K59/8722—Peripheral sealing arrangements, e.g. adhesives, sealants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an organic electronics panel and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a method for wiring an organic electronics element used in an organic electronics panel, and more particularly to an organic electroluminescence element and an electrode wiring of an organic photoelectric conversion element. It is.
- Organic electronics elements are elements that perform electrical operations using organic substances.
- organic electronics elements are expected to exhibit features such as energy saving, low cost, and flexibility, and technologies that replace conventional inorganic semiconductors based on silicone. It is attracting attention as.
- organic electronics elements emit light, control current and voltage, or generate electricity by charging light or charge by passing an electric current through an electrode through a very thin film of organic matter. It is an element to do.
- organic electroluminescence (hereinafter, also referred to as organic EL) panels are attracting attention for applications such as display applications and illumination applications, in particular, because thin surface light sources can be obtained.
- an organic EL panel When an organic EL panel is used for illumination, if the light emitting area is increased, the influence of the resistance of the transparent electrode is increased, and the luminance uniformity in the surface is reduced.
- An organic EL panel with poor luminance uniformity not only looks bad, but also causes problems such as a decrease in light emission efficiency due to current loss and the accompanying heat generation. In addition, problems such as a reduction in device life occur due to the influence of heat generation.
- development of a panel with good luminance uniformity and no current loss is demanded.
- the organic EL element since the organic EL element generally has low resistance to moisture and oxygen, it is necessary to prevent the organic EL element from the influence of moisture and oxygen by using a sealing member such as a sealing can and a sealing plate.
- the organic photoelectric conversion element is an organic electronic element having a structure similar to that of the organic electroluminescence element, but the light emitting layer of the organic electroluminescence element is a photoelectric conversion layer made of a thin film of an organic compound, and this is sandwiched between electrodes.
- This is an element that has such a configuration and generates electricity when irradiated with light. Therefore, when a thin-film organic photoelectric conversion element is used as a solar cell, it can be easily reduced in size and weight, and has a relatively stable output even in a low illuminance environment or a high temperature environment as compared with an existing inorganic semiconductor solar cell. The solar cell can be obtained.
- the organic photoelectric conversion element similarly to the organic EL element, carrier traps are formed in the photoelectric conversion layer due to the influence of moisture, oxygen, and the like, thereby preventing the collection of carriers generated by charge separation. . As a result, this not only causes a decrease in power generation efficiency, but also affects the lifetime of the organic photoelectric conversion element. Therefore, in the organic photoelectric conversion element as well, it has been studied to secure the performance by using a sealing material having a barrier performance against gas components such as moisture and oxygen.
- Patent Document 1 describes a method of routing wiring outside the sealing structure, but there is a problem that efficient power supply is not always possible due to the space of the sealing member or the like. It was.
- An electronic panel and a method for manufacturing the same are provided.
- An organic electronics element having a structure in which an organic compound layer including at least a functional layer made of an organic compound is sandwiched between a first electrode and a second electrode arranged at opposing positions on a support substrate;
- An organic electronics panel having a configuration in which a sealing member covering an element and the support substrate are closely sealed, and a wiring member is disposed in the tightly sealed interior, when viewed from a light emitting surface or a light receiving surface
- the organic electronics panel is characterized in that the functional layer made of the organic compound and the wiring member are arranged so that at least a part thereof overlaps.
- organic electronics panel according to 1, wherein the organic electronics element is an organic electroluminescence element in which the functional layer is a light emitting layer.
- organic electronics panel according to 1 wherein the organic electronics element is an organic photoelectric conversion element in which the functional layer is a photoelectric conversion layer.
- the distance (sealing margin) between the light emitting unit or the power generation unit and the end of the substrate is 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less.
- the present invention it is possible to obtain a large-area organic electronics panel that is excellent in driving life and durability, can efficiently perform power feeding or power generation, and a method for manufacturing the same while maintaining space.
- production area It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a structure of the organic electronics panel of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a structure of the organic electronics panel of a comparative example. It is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram which shows an example of the manufacturing method of the organic electronics panel of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the organic electroluminescent panel 101 produced in the Example. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the organic electroluminescent panel 102 produced in the Example. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the organic electroluminescent panel 103 produced in the Example. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the organic electroluminescent panel 104 produced in the Example.
- the inventor has intensively studied a method for performing highly efficient wiring while maintaining space saving. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a thin and flexible organic electronics panel by using a close sealing (solid sealing) type sealing method, but this close sealing type sealing method is In the case of using it, a sealing margin (sealing portion, sealing region) is required around the functional layer region for light emission or power generation. If a wiring member is further arranged around the sealing margin, both the sealing margin and the installation space for the wiring member are required, resulting in an increase in the size of the organic electronics panel.
- a close sealing (solid sealing) type sealing method In the case of using it, a sealing margin (sealing portion, sealing region) is required around the functional layer region for light emission or power generation. If a wiring member is further arranged around the sealing margin, both the sealing margin and the installation space for the wiring member are required, resulting in an increase in the size of the organic electronics panel.
- an organic compound layer including at least a functional layer made of an organic compound is sandwiched between a first electrode and a second electrode arranged at opposing positions on the support substrate.
- An organic electronics panel having a configuration in which the organic electronics element having the configuration described above is provided, and having a configuration in which the sealing member that covers the organic electronics element and the support substrate are tightly sealed, and the wiring member is disposed in the tightly sealed interior
- the functional layer made of the organic compound and the wiring member are arranged so that at least a part thereof overlaps, and the wiring is formed inside the adhesive seal.
- the driving life of the organic electronics panel is increased by adopting such a configuration.
- the reason for this is not clear, but it is presumed that the wiring member disposed on the electrode also serves as a heat sink, preventing the organic compound layer from being heated and extending its driving life.
- the distance from the light emitting end or the power generation end to the sealing end is preferably 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less.
- the sealing margin is narrow. However, if it is too narrow, water or oxygen may enter from the surroundings, causing damage to the organic layer. Therefore, 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less are preferable, 2 mm or more and 7 mm or less are more preferable, and 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less are the most preferable.
- the inventor has verified the characteristics of an organic electronics panel produced by changing the sealing margin distance when stored in a high-humidity environment, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the length of the sealing margin and the dark spot generation area.
- the organic EL panel produced by changing the width of the sealing margin was stored at 60 ° C. in an environment of 90% RH for 250 hours, and then a luminescence image was taken, and a constant non-luminous portion (dark spot ( DS)).
- DS dark spot
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the organic electronics panel of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows an organic compound layer including a pair of electrode groups formed by the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 formed on the support substrate 2 and at least a light emitting layer or a photoelectric conversion layer (power generation layer) therebetween.
- 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an organic electronic device 1 having a configuration in which 5 is sandwiched, and an organic electronic panel 1 that is tightly (solidly) sealed by a sealing member 9 and a sealing adhesive 11 covering the organic electronic device.
- an organic compound layer 5 including, for example, an anode made of ITO and a light emitting layer or a photoelectric conversion layer is further formed thereon as a first electrode 3 on a flexible substrate that is a support substrate 2.
- a cathode that is the second electrode 4 made of aluminum or the like is laminated to form an organic electronics element.
- the support substrate 2 on which the organic electronics element is formed is tightly sealed by a sealing member 9. That is, the sealing member 9 is in close contact with the organic electronics element and the support substrate 2 that is a resin substrate by the sealing adhesive 11 and covers the entire surface, thereby sealing and isolating the organic electronics element from the external space.
- the organic electronics panel 1 is configured.
- the first electrode 3 and the second electrode 4 are adhered and joined (connected) by the wiring member 8 via the conductive adhesive 7. Further, the wiring member 8 is disposed so as to overlap the light emitting region or the power generation region.
- the close sealing is also referred to as solid sealing, and all the gaps are made of resin (sealing adhesive) so as not to leave a space between the support substrate 2 on which the organic electronics element is formed and the sealing member 9.
- the organic electronic element that is, the organic compound layer 5 is sealed by covering with 11).
- the wiring member 8 is usually provided so as to cover the transparent first electrode 3 having a high resistance, and power can be supplied efficiently. Further, the wiring member 8 is also provided so as to overlap with the light emitting region or the power generation region, so that it is possible to reduce the thickness and the resistance.
- the electrode lead is not only the joint with the electrode lead-out portion, but also the sealing adhesive 11. Can be firmly fixed without peeling or loosening.
- the electrode lead-out portion does not have to be formed outside the sealing member, and the electrode area can be designed in a compact manner. In particular, there is an advantage in the case of an electrode using a transparent conductive film such as ITO. .
- the wiring member is provided in the region tightly sealed by the sealing member, and the electrode lead is taken out from the close (solid) sealing portion, so that the performance of the organic electronics element is reduced in a space-saving manner.
- the sealing member when a flexible resin substrate is used for the sealing member, it is an excellent sealing method that is strong against bending and displacement.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of a comparative organic electronics panel.
- the first electrode 3 provided on the flexible substrate that is the support substrate 2, the organic compound layer 5 including the light emitting layer or the photoelectric conversion layer, the second electrode 4, and the like.
- the structure in which the organic electronics elements formed by being laminated are not sealed with a sealing member or the like is shown.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing an example of a method for manufacturing an organic electronics panel according to the present invention, focusing on a connection portion between an electrode lead and an electrode lead portion of an organic electronics element.
- an organic electronic device is formed by sequentially laminating an organic compound layer 5 constituting an organic electronic device composed of a hole transporting layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transporting layer (not shown above) and the like, and a second electrode 4 (cathode).
- the 2nd electrode 4 is formed so that the extraction electrode 6 comprised from ITO for a drive may be connected.
- ITO can be formed by forming ITO on the entire surface of the flexible support substrate 2 by sputtering, vapor deposition, or the like, and then etching into a desired pattern to form the first electrode 3 and the extraction electrode 6. .
- it may be formed by a method in which a desired resist pattern is formed in advance and ITO is evaporated and the resist pattern is lifted off.
- ITO can be directly formed by sputtering, vapor deposition or the like using a metal mask or the like in which a desired pattern is opened.
- the organic compound layer 5 and the second electrode 4 may be patterned so as to form pixels in a matrix, or may be uniformly formed on the entire surface for uses such as illumination. good.
- an anisotropic conductive film is used as the conductive adhesive 7 and temporarily adhered to the second electrode 4 on the ITO electrode lead-out portion which is the lead-out electrode 6 on the support substrate (resin substrate) 2.
- the wiring member 8 (copper foil) and its junction are aligned and bonded together.
- This adhesion is preferably performed under the pressure bonding conditions of the anisotropic conductive film.
- the anisotropic conductive film can be connected by thermocompression bonding at a pressure of 0.1 to 10 MPa and a temperature of about 80 to 180 ° C. for several seconds to several minutes.
- the temperature at the time of adhesion of the conductive adhesive 7 is preferably 140 ° C.
- the lead electrode 6 and the wiring member 8 are bonded using the conductive adhesive 7, it is preferable that heating from both sides of the support substrate 2 and the sealing member 9 is uniformly cured.
- the heating means is not particularly limited, and may be a heat plate, an oven, a laminator using a pressure roll, etc., as long as it can apply temperature and pressure. Generally, an ACF crimping machine or a bonder is used.
- both the electrode lead and the resin substrate side it is preferable to be at the same temperature, it is preferable to be within the above temperature range. Heating from both sides is preferable from the viewpoint of uniform curing of the conductive adhesive, stronger bonding, and less peeling.
- the anisotropic conductive film used as the conductive adhesive 7 has conductive particles, for example, metal nuclei themselves (for example, gold, nickel, or silver) or resin nuclei (for example, gold-plated ones) dispersed in a binder.
- a binder a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin is used, and among them, a thermosetting resin, particularly an epoxy resin is preferable.
- a conductive paste having a similar structure may be used.
- An anisotropic conductive film in which nickel fibers (fibrous) are oriented can be used as a filler.
- the anisotropic conductive film When the anisotropic conductive film is thermocompression bonded to the support substrate, electrical connection in the thickness direction is made by the conductive particles, and at the same time, mechanical bonding is made by the binder resin.
- the binder resin include thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins and phenol resins, and thermoplastic resins such as polyamideimide. From the viewpoint of resin fluidity, connection reliability, cost, pot life, and the like, a film-like resin is used. Epoxy resins are preferred.
- the conductive particles include metal particles such as nickel, copper and silver, and composite particles in which the surface of plastic particles such as acrylic resin and styrene resin is coated with a metal plating film such as nickel and gold.
- composite particles in which the particles themselves are flexible and have a restorable plastic particle coated with a metal plating film such as nickel or gold are suitable.
- the conductive particle diameter is usually 3.0 to 5.0 ⁇ m as an average particle diameter.
- a fluid material such as a conductive paste, for example, a silver paste or the like may be used. It can also be formed by printing or the like using a conductive paste on the electrode lead portion.
- the sealing region or close-contact sealing refers to a space sandwiched between the support substrate 2 and the sealing member 9.
- the sealing region or the inside of the tight seal is filled with an adhesive or the like.
- the wiring member 8 is formed of a conductor.
- the electrode lead that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a member that has a low resistance value and can be made into a thin film, but the wiring member is preferably formed of a metal foil and is applicable to the present invention.
- the metal foil include aluminum foil, rolled copper foil, silver foil, and gold foil. Among these, aluminum foil and copper foil, which have a low resistance value, are easy to form a thin film, and are suitable for cost, can be used.
- the stress relaxation layer 10 is not particularly limited as long as it can deform itself and prevent damage to the organic compound layer 5.
- a resin or the like can be used. Specifically, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyimide, polyurethane, polystyrene, ABS resin, acrylic resin, polyacetal resin, etc. These resins can be used.
- the inorganic film 12 between the second electrode 4 and the wiring member 8.
- an insulating film is preferable.
- silicon oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum oxide, or the like can be used.
- the water content of the conductive adhesive 7 or the wiring member 8 is preferably 100 ppm or less. It is preferable from the viewpoint that the water permeability of the cured film can be kept low by suppressing the mixing of water below this level, thereby strengthening the adhesion and at the same time curing it at a low water content.
- the moisture content may be measured by any method.
- a volumetric moisture meter Karl Fischer
- an infrared moisture meter a microwave transmission moisture meter
- a heat-dry weight method e.g., a GC / MS, IR, DSC (Differential scanning calorimeter) and TDS (temperature programmed desorption analysis).
- a precision moisture meter AVM-3000 Omnitech or the like, moisture can be measured from a pressure increase caused by evaporation of moisture, and moisture content of a film or a solid film can be measured.
- sealing member 9 for example, a 50 ⁇ m thick PET (polyethylene terephthalate) laminated with an aluminum foil (30 ⁇ m thick) can be used.
- a sealing adhesive 11 for example, a thermosetting adhesive (epoxy adhesive)
- epoxy adhesive epoxy adhesive
- an ultraviolet curable resin can also be used.
- an ultraviolet curable resin active energy ray irradiation is required.
- the organic electronics element is damaged when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, it is necessary to reduce the amount of ultraviolet irradiation as much as possible when using an ultraviolet curable resin.
- a thermosetting resin Various known materials such as epoxy resins, acrylic resins, and silicone resins can be used.
- an epoxy thermosetting adhesive resin that is excellent in moisture resistance and water resistance and has little shrinkage upon curing.
- thermosetting resin adheresive
- the thermosetting resin is applied uniformly along the aluminum surface of the sealing member 9 (PET laminated with an aluminum foil) using a dispenser, for example, and then the sealing member 9 is electrically connected.
- press-bonding for example, pressure 0.5 MPa
- it is temporarily bonded so that air (cavity) does not remain.
- a pressure roll or a press may be used.
- the temporarily bonded organic electronics panel is placed on, for example, a hot plate and heated (for example, at a temperature of 120 ° C. for 30 minutes) to thermally cure the thermosetting adhesive, thereby tightly sealing the organic electronics element (solid
- solid The organic electronics panel 1 is manufactured by sealing.
- the lead electrode 6 and the wiring member 8 connected to the lead electrode 6 are fixed between the sealing member 9 and the support substrate 2 by the cured sealing adhesive 11, so that the electrode lead portion or the flexible member is sufficiently strong.
- the circuit board can be fixed.
- the heating or pressure bonding time is appropriately selected depending on the type, amount, and area of the adhesive, but is temporarily bonded at a pressure of about 0.1 to 3 MPa, and the temperature is 80 to 180 ° C. and the heat curing time is 5 seconds to 10 minutes. Select within the range.
- a heated crimping roll it is preferable to use because it can simultaneously perform crimping (temporary bonding) and heating, and can eliminate internal voids at the same time.
- a dispenser can be used, or a coating method such as roll coating, spin coating, screen printing, spray coating, or the like can be used depending on the material.
- Solid sealing is a form in which there is no space between the sealing substrate and the organic electronics element substrate, as described above, and is covered with a cured resin, and has a sealing material-filled close-contact structure, and the electrode leads are also fixed in the sealing resin. Then, the electrode lead is taken out from the tightly sealed (solid) sealed portion.
- An organic electronics panel that has a solid sealing structure that can maintain sufficient adhesion (bonding) strength in the connection between the electrode lead and the electrode, and that can take out the electrode lead without degrading the performance of the organic electronics element. It is a manufacturing method.
- the material of each component is not particularly limited. That is, the first electrode (anode), organic compound layer, second electrode (cathode), conductive adhesive (anisotropic conductive film), adhesive, etc. constituting the support substrate, the sealing member, and the organic electronics element are Various known materials can be used.
- a substrate made of a resin (plastic) in the form of a sheet or film can be used as the support substrate 2.
- transparent plastics such as polyester, polymethacrylate, and polycarbonate having high transparency to light emission are suitable.
- a gas barrier film in which a gas barrier layer of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride or the like is laminated on the resin substrate in a thickness range of 1 nm to several hundred nm.
- the gas barrier layer can also be formed on one surface or both surfaces of the resin substrate using thin film forming means such as plasma CVD, sputtering, or vapor deposition.
- the oxygen permeability measured by a method according to JIS K 7126-1987 is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 ml / (m 2 ⁇ 24 h ⁇ atm) or less, and it conforms to JIS K 7129-1992.
- the water vapor permeability (25 ⁇ 0.5 ° C., relative humidity (90 ⁇ 2)% RH) measured by the method is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 g / (m 2 ⁇ 24 h) or less.
- the sealing member 9 examples include metals such as stainless steel, aluminum, and magnesium alloys, polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polystyrene, nylon, plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, and composites thereof, glass, and the like.
- a layer in which a gas barrier layer such as aluminum, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, or silicon nitride is laminated can be used in the same manner as the resin substrate.
- the gas barrier layer can be formed by sputtering, vapor deposition or the like on both surfaces or one surface of the sealing member before molding the sealing member, or may be formed on both surfaces or one surface of the sealing member after sealing by a similar method. .
- the oxygen permeability is 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 ml / (m 2 ⁇ 24 h ⁇ atm) or less
- the water vapor permeability (25 ⁇ 0.5 ° C., relative humidity (90 ⁇ 2)% RH) is 1 ⁇ It is preferably 10 ⁇ 3 g / (m 2 ⁇ 24 h) or less.
- the sealing member may be a film laminated with a metal foil such as aluminum.
- a method for laminating the polymer film on one side of the metal foil a generally used laminating machine can be used.
- the adhesive polyurethane-based, polyester-based, epoxy-based, acrylic-based adhesives and the like can be used. You may use a hardening
- a hot melt lamination method, an extrusion lamination method and a coextrusion lamination method can also be used, but a dry lamination method is preferred.
- a metal foil when forming a metal foil by sputtering or vapor deposition, or when forming from a fluid electrode material such as a conductive paste, it is created by using a polymer film as a base material and forming a metal foil on this. May be.
- Organic EL element has a structure in which one or a plurality of organic compound layers are laminated between electrodes.
- various organic compounds such as an anode layer / hole injection / transport layer / light emitting layer / electron injection / transport layer / cathode layer, etc.
- a functional layer made of a compound has a structure in which it is laminated as necessary. The simplest structure is an anode layer / light emitting layer / cathode layer.
- Examples of organic compound materials used for the hole injection / transport layer include phthalocyanine derivatives, heterocyclic azoles, aromatic tertiary amines, polyvinyl carbazole, polyethylenedioxythiophene / polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT: PSS), and the like.
- a polymer material such as a representative conductive polymer is used.
- Examples of the organic compound material used for the light emitting layer include carbazole-based light emitting materials such as 4,4′-dicarbazolylbiphenyl and 1,3-dicarbazolylbenzene, (di) azacarbazoles, 1,3 , 5-tripyrenylbenzene and the like, low molecular light emitting materials typified by pyrene light emitting materials, polyphenylene vinylenes, polyfluorenes, polyvinyl carbazoles and the like polymer light emitting materials. Of these, a low molecular weight light emitting material having a molecular weight of 10,000 or less is preferably used as the light emitting material.
- the light emitting material applied to the light emitting layer may preferably contain about 0.1 to 20% by mass of a dopant.
- the dopant include known fluorescent dyes such as perylene derivatives and pyrene derivatives, and phosphorescent dyes.
- fluorescent dyes such as perylene derivatives and pyrene derivatives
- phosphorescent dyes for example, ortho represented by tris (2-phenylpyridine) iridium, bis (2-phenylpyridine) (acetylacetonato) iridium, bis (2,4-difluorophenylpyridine) (picolinato) iridium, etc.
- complex compounds such as metalated iridium complexes.
- Electrode injection / transport layer Examples of the constituent material of the electron injection / transport layer include metal complex compounds such as 8-hydroxyquinolinate lithium and bis (8-hydroxyquinolinate) zinc, and the following nitrogen-containing five-membered ring derivatives. That is, oxazole, thiazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole or triazole derivatives are preferred.
- each functional layer As the organic compound material used for these light emitting layers and each functional layer, a material having a polymerization reactive group such as a vinyl group in the molecule is used, and a cross-linked / polymerized film is formed after film formation to form each functional layer. May be.
- anode layer As the conductive material used for the anode layer, a material having a work function larger than 4 eV is suitable, and silver, gold, platinum, palladium and the like and alloys thereof, metal oxides such as tin oxide, indium oxide and ITO, Furthermore, organic conductive resins such as polythiophene and polypyrrole are used.
- Cathode layer As the conductive material used for the cathode layer, those having a work function smaller than 4 eV are suitable, such as magnesium and aluminum. Typical examples of the alloy include magnesium / silver and lithium / aluminum.
- Each functional layer described above is formed on a support substrate and sealed with a sealing member to constitute an organic EL panel.
- Organic photoelectric conversion element Although an organic photoelectric conversion element is demonstrated, it is not limited to the following forms.
- organic photoelectric conversion element which can be used by this invention, If it is an element which has an anode and a cathode and at least 1 or more photoelectric conversion layer pinched
- the configuration of the photoelectric conversion layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a configuration in which an organic semiconductor material is stacked.
- a heterojunction type in which a p-type semiconductor material and an n-type semiconductor material are stacked, or both a p-type and an n-type semiconductor.
- a so-called bulk heterojunction type in which materials are mixed and have a microphase separation structure can be given. From the viewpoint of improving internal quantum efficiency, a configuration excellent in charge separation efficiency is preferable, and a bulk heterojunction structure is more preferable in the present application.
- the organic photoelectric conversion element which concerns on this invention when using the organic photoelectric conversion element which concerns on this invention as a solar cell, it is preferable to use the organic-semiconductor material which has the absorption characteristic optimal for a sunlight spectrum, and it is a blacker external appearance from a viewpoint of efficiency and design property.
- An organic photoelectric conversion element is preferable.
- a transparent electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a counter electrode are sequentially laminated on one surface of a support.
- An organic photoelectric conversion element may be configured with other layers. Further, it may be an electron transport layer having a hole blocking ability or a hole transport layer having an electron blocking ability.
- a hole transport layer or an electron block layer is provided between the photoelectric conversion layer and the anode (usually the transparent electrode side), and the photoelectric conversion layer.
- anode / hole transport layer / electron block layer / photoelectric conversion layer / hole block layer / electron transport layer / cathode (ii) Anode / hole transport layer having electron blocking ability / photoelectric conversion layer / hole block Electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode (iii) anode / anode buffer layer / hole transport layer / electron block layer / photoelectric conversion layer / hole block layer / electron transport layer / cathode (iv) anode / anode Buffer layer / hole transport layer / electron block layer / photoelectric conversion layer / hole block layer / electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode As described above, the organic photoelectric conversion element is laminated by stacking the layers. .
- the thin film forming method can be applied to form each of the above-described structures, but can be preferably applied particularly to the formation of each layer excluding the anode and the cathode.
- each functional layer may be formed by a vacuum method, a dry method such as a sputtering method, or may be formed by a wet method such as coating or printing.
- Example 1 Production of Organic EL Panel: Present Invention >> [Production of Organic EL Panel 101] (Production of gas barrier flexible film (support substrate)) As a flexible film, a 100 ⁇ m thick polyethylene naphthalate film (a film made by Teijin DuPont, hereinafter abbreviated as PEN) is formed on the entire surface by an atmospheric pressure plasma discharge treatment having the structure described in JP-A-2004-68143.
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate film
- a gas barrier film (thickness 500 nm) composed of SiO 2 is continuously formed on a flexible film, and has an oxygen permeability of 0.001 cm 3 / (m 2 ⁇ 24 h ⁇ atm) or less, water vapor A gas barrier flexible film having a permeability of 0.001 g / (m 2 ⁇ 24 h) or less was produced.
- ITO film indium tin oxide having a thickness of 120 nm is formed by sputtering on the gas barrier flexible film prepared above, and patterned by photolithography, and the first electrode 3 as shown in FIG. And the extraction electrode 6 was formed.
- the pattern was such that the light emission area was 50 mm square.
- the following hole transport layer forming coating solution was applied by an extrusion coater and then dried to form a hole transport layer as an organic compound layer. Formed. The hole transport layer forming coating solution was applied so that the thickness after drying was 50 nm.
- a low pressure mercury lamp with a wavelength of 184.9 nm is used as a cleaning surface modification treatment for the gas barrier flexible film, the irradiation intensity is 15 mW / cm 2 , The distance was 10 mm.
- the charge removal treatment was performed using a static eliminator with weak X-rays.
- ⁇ Drying and heat treatment conditions After applying the hole transport layer forming coating solution, the solvent is removed at a height of 100 mm toward the film forming surface, a discharge air velocity of 1 m / s, a wide air velocity distribution of 5%, and a temperature of 100 ° C., followed by heat treatment.
- the back surface heat transfer type heat treatment was performed at a temperature of 150 ° C. using an apparatus to form a hole transport layer.
- the white light emitting layer forming coating liquid shown below is applied on the hole transporting layer of the gas barrier flexible film having the hole transporting layer formed thereon by an extrusion coating machine, and then dried to form a light emitting layer. did.
- the white light emitting layer forming coating solution was applied so that the thickness after drying was 40 nm.
- the coating process was performed in an atmosphere having a nitrogen gas concentration of 99% or more, a coating temperature of 25 ° C., and a coating speed of 1 m / min.
- the coating process was performed in an atmosphere having a nitrogen gas concentration of 99% or more, the coating temperature of the electron transport layer forming coating solution was 25 ° C., and the coating speed was 1 m / min.
- an electron injection layer was formed on the formed electron transport layer.
- the substrate was put into a vacuum chamber and the pressure was reduced to 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa.
- cesium fluoride prepared in a tantalum vapor deposition boat was heated in a vacuum chamber to form an electron injection layer having a thickness of 3 nm.
- Second electrode Next, a second electrode was formed on the formed electron injection layer and extraction electrode. Subsequently, aluminum prepared in a tungsten vapor deposition boat was heated under a vacuum of 5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 4 Pa. A mask pattern was formed so that the emission area was 50 mm square, and a second electrode having a thickness of 100 nm was laminated.
- a gas barrier flexible film was cut into a prescribed size to produce an organic EL device.
- a wiring member was connected to the produced organic EL element using an anisotropic conductive film DP3232S9 manufactured by Sony Chemical & Information Device Corporation.
- As the wiring member a 30 ⁇ m thick aluminum foil (manufactured by Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd.) was used.
- pressure bonding is performed using a commercially available ACF pressure bonding apparatus so as to have the shape shown in FIG. 5: temperature 170 ° C. (ACF temperature 140 ° C. measured using a separate thermocouple), pressure 2 MPa, and 10 seconds. went.
- a sealing member was bonded to the organic EL element to which the wiring member (aluminum foil) was connected using a commercially available roll laminating apparatus, and the organic EL panel 101 was manufactured.
- sealing member a 30 ⁇ m thick aluminum foil (manufactured by Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd.), a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (12 ⁇ m thick) with an adhesive for dry lamination (two-component reaction type urethane adhesive).
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- the laminate used adheresive layer thickness 1.5 ⁇ m was used.
- thermosetting adhesive was uniformly applied to the aluminum surface with a thickness of 20 ⁇ m along the adhesive surface (glossy surface) of the aluminum foil using a dispenser.
- thermosetting adhesive bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA), dicyandiamide (DICY), and an epoxy adduct curing accelerator were used as an epoxy adhesive.
- the sealing substrate is closely attached and arranged so as to cover the wiring member, and is tightly sealed using a pressure-bonding roll under a thickening condition, a pressure-rolling temperature of 120 ° C., a pressure of 0.5 MPa, and an apparatus speed of 0.3 m / min.
- a pressure-bonding roll under a thickening condition, a pressure-rolling temperature of 120 ° C., a pressure of 0.5 MPa, and an apparatus speed of 0.3 m / min.
- FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the organic EL panel 101 produced as described above.
- E represents a light emitting area
- L represents a sealing margin
- L is 4 mm.
- a polyethylene resin was disposed as the stress relaxation layer 10 so as to have the shape shown in FIG.
- PRIMACOR 3460 manufactured by Dow Chemical Japan Co., Ltd. was used.
- PRIMACOR 3460 was used as a 50 ⁇ m sheet by the inflation method.
- a wiring member was arranged in the same manner as the production of the organic EL panel 101, and the organic EL panel 102 was produced by tightly sealing.
- FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the organic EL panel 102 produced as described above.
- a flexible printed circuit board formed by bonding polyimide resin on both sides of the rolled copper foil and using it was used.
- the FPC polyimide resin acts as the stress relaxation layer 10B.
- the FPC was pressure-bonded with ACF in the same manner as the production of the organic EL panel 102.
- FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the organic EL panel 103.
- the cut substrate was transferred to a commercially available sputtering apparatus on which a SiO 2 target was placed, and the inside of the apparatus was evacuated.
- a 50 nm SiO 2 film was provided as the inorganic film 12 on the second electrode using a sputtering apparatus.
- FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the organic EL panel 104.
- Comparative Example >> A comparative organic EL panel 105 having the configuration shown in FIG. 3 was produced according to the following method.
- the second electrode was formed and was cut.
- the cut substrate was transferred to a commercially available sputtering apparatus in which a SiN target was placed, and the inside of the apparatus was evacuated.
- a 200 nm SiN film was provided on the second electrode using a sputtering apparatus.
- the substrate provided with the SiN film was taken out into the atmosphere, the wiring member 8 was installed, and the organic EL panel 105 was produced.
- ⁇ Voltage change before and after storage is less than 0.5V ⁇ : Voltage change before and after storage is 0.5V or more and less than 1.0V ⁇ : Voltage change before and after storage is 1.0V [Evaluation of drive life] Using the drive life evaluation device prepared for each organic EL panel manufactured in combination with a commercially available constant current power supply and a spectral radiance meter (CS-2000 manufactured by Konica Minolta), the drive life was evaluated according to the following method. It was.
- a current of 10 mA / cm 2 was applied to each organic EL element, and the change in luminance over time was measured with a spectral radiance meter.
- the relative lifetime of each organic EL panel when the luminance of each organic EL panel is half the lifetime immediately after driving is defined as the half-life and the half-life of the organic EL panel 101 is defined as 100. This was taken as a measure of the driving life.
- Example 2 Production of Organic Photoelectric Conversion Panel (Organic Thin Film Solar Cell) 201 >> In the production of the organic EL panel 104 described in Example 1, an organic photoelectric conversion panel 201 was produced in the same manner except that the formation of the organic compound layer was changed as described below.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、有機エレクトロニクスパネル及びその製造方法に関し、詳しくは、有機エレクトロニクスパネルに用いる有機エレクトロニクス素子の配線方法、特には、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子、有機光電変換素子の電極と電極配線との接続に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an organic electronics panel and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a method for wiring an organic electronics element used in an organic electronics panel, and more particularly to an organic electroluminescence element and an electrode wiring of an organic photoelectric conversion element. It is.
有機エレクトロニクス素子は、有機物を用いて電気的な動作を行う素子であり、近年では、省エネルギー、低価格、柔軟性といった特徴を発揮できると期待され、従来のシリコーンを主体とした無機半導体に代わる技術として注目されている。 Organic electronics elements are elements that perform electrical operations using organic substances. In recent years, organic electronics elements are expected to exhibit features such as energy saving, low cost, and flexibility, and technologies that replace conventional inorganic semiconductors based on silicone. It is attracting attention as.
これらの有機エレクトロニクス素子は、有機物の非常に薄い膜に電極を介して電流を流すことで、発光したり、電流や電圧を制御したり、或いは光を照射することで発電したり、帯電したりする素子である。 These organic electronics elements emit light, control current and voltage, or generate electricity by charging light or charge by passing an electric current through an electrode through a very thin film of organic matter. It is an element to do.
中でも、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス(以下、有機ELともいう)パネルは、ディスプレイ用途や照明用途などの分野、特には、薄型の面光源を得られることから、照明用途への応用が着目されている。 In particular, organic electroluminescence (hereinafter, also referred to as organic EL) panels are attracting attention for applications such as display applications and illumination applications, in particular, because thin surface light sources can be obtained.
有機ELパネルを照明用として用いる場合、発光面積を大きくすると、透明電極の抵抗の影響が大きくなり、面内での輝度均一性が低下する。輝度均一性に乏しい有機ELパネルでは、見栄えが悪いだけでなく、電流の損失による発光効率の低下や、それに伴う発熱などの問題を引き起こす。また、発熱の影響により、素子寿命の低下などの問題が発生する。このように、照明用の有機ELパネルにおいては、輝度均一性がよく、電流の損失ないパネルの開発が求められている。 When an organic EL panel is used for illumination, if the light emitting area is increased, the influence of the resistance of the transparent electrode is increased, and the luminance uniformity in the surface is reduced. An organic EL panel with poor luminance uniformity not only looks bad, but also causes problems such as a decrease in light emission efficiency due to current loss and the accompanying heat generation. In addition, problems such as a reduction in device life occur due to the influence of heat generation. Thus, in the organic EL panel for illumination, development of a panel with good luminance uniformity and no current loss is demanded.
また、有機EL素子は、一般に水分や酸素に対する耐性が低いため、封止缶、封止板等の封止部材を用いて、有機EL素子を水分・酸素などの影響から防ぐ必要がある。 In addition, since the organic EL element generally has low resistance to moisture and oxygen, it is necessary to prevent the organic EL element from the influence of moisture and oxygen by using a sealing member such as a sealing can and a sealing plate.
また、有機光電変換素子は、前記有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子と類似した構造を有する有機エレクトロニクス素子であるが、有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子の発光層を有機化合物の薄膜からなる光電変換層とし、これを電極で挟持したような構成を有し、光を照射すると発電する素子である。従って、薄膜の有機光電変換素子を太陽電池として利用すると、小型化、軽量化が容易であり、かつ既存の無機半導体系の太陽電池に比べ、低照度環境や高温環境下でも比較的安定した出力を得られる太陽電池となる。 The organic photoelectric conversion element is an organic electronic element having a structure similar to that of the organic electroluminescence element, but the light emitting layer of the organic electroluminescence element is a photoelectric conversion layer made of a thin film of an organic compound, and this is sandwiched between electrodes. This is an element that has such a configuration and generates electricity when irradiated with light. Therefore, when a thin-film organic photoelectric conversion element is used as a solar cell, it can be easily reduced in size and weight, and has a relatively stable output even in a low illuminance environment or a high temperature environment as compared with an existing inorganic semiconductor solar cell. The solar cell can be obtained.
有機光電変換素子においても、有機EL素子と同様に、水分・酸素などの影響で、光電変換層中にキャリアトラップが形成されることにより、電荷分離によって発生したキャリアの集電を阻害してしまう。結果として、これは発電効率の低下を招くだけでなく、有機光電変換素子の寿命にも影響を及ぼすようになる。従って、有機光電変換素子においても上記と同様に、水分や酸素などのガス成分に対して、バリア性能を有する封止材料を用いて性能を確保したりすることが検討されている。 In the organic photoelectric conversion element, similarly to the organic EL element, carrier traps are formed in the photoelectric conversion layer due to the influence of moisture, oxygen, and the like, thereby preventing the collection of carriers generated by charge separation. . As a result, this not only causes a decrease in power generation efficiency, but also affects the lifetime of the organic photoelectric conversion element. Therefore, in the organic photoelectric conversion element as well, it has been studied to secure the performance by using a sealing material having a barrier performance against gas components such as moisture and oxygen.
例えば、特許文献1には、封止構造の外側で配線を引き回す方法が記載されているが、封止部材等のスペースのために、必ずしも効率の良い給電ができるとは限らないという問題があった。 For example, Patent Document 1 describes a method of routing wiring outside the sealing structure, but there is a problem that efficient power supply is not always possible due to the space of the sealing member or the like. It was.
本発明の目的は、可撓性の基板を用いた有機エレクトロニクスパネルの封止において、省スペースを保ちつつ、駆動寿命及び耐久性に優れ、効率よい給電または発電を行うことができる大面積の有機エレクトロニクスパネルとその製造方法を提供することである。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a large-area organic material that can efficiently supply power or generate electric power while maintaining space saving and excellent in driving life and durability in sealing an organic electronics panel using a flexible substrate. An electronic panel and a method for manufacturing the same are provided.
本発明の上記課題は以下の手段により達成される。 The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following means.
1.支持基板上に、対向する位置に配置した第1電極と第2電極との間に、少なくとも有機化合物からなる機能層を含む有機化合物層を挟持した構成の有機エレクトロニクス素子を有し、前記有機エレクトロニクス素子を覆う封止部材と前記支持基板とにより密着封止された構成を有する有機エレクトロニクスパネルであって、前記密着封止された内部に配線部材が配置され、発光面または受光面から見たとき、前記有機化合物からなる機能層と前記配線部材は、その少なくとも一部が重なって配置されていることを特徴とする有機エレクトロニクスパネル。 1. An organic electronics element having a structure in which an organic compound layer including at least a functional layer made of an organic compound is sandwiched between a first electrode and a second electrode arranged at opposing positions on a support substrate; An organic electronics panel having a configuration in which a sealing member covering an element and the support substrate are closely sealed, and a wiring member is disposed in the tightly sealed interior, when viewed from a light emitting surface or a light receiving surface The organic electronics panel is characterized in that the functional layer made of the organic compound and the wiring member are arranged so that at least a part thereof overlaps.
2.前記有機エレクトロニクス素子が、前記機能層が発光層である有機エレクトロルミネッセンス素子であることを特徴とする前記1記載の有機エレクトロニクスパネル。 2. 2. The organic electronics panel according to 1, wherein the organic electronics element is an organic electroluminescence element in which the functional layer is a light emitting layer.
3.前記有機エレクトロニクス素子が、前記機能層が光電変換層である有機光電変換素子であることを特徴とする前記1記載の有機エレクトロニクスパネル。 3. 2. The organic electronics panel according to 1, wherein the organic electronics element is an organic photoelectric conversion element in which the functional layer is a photoelectric conversion layer.
4.前記第2電極と配線部材の間に、応力緩和層を有することを特徴とする前記1から3のいずれか1項に記載の有機エレクトロニクスパネル。 4. 4. The organic electronics panel according to any one of 1 to 3, wherein a stress relaxation layer is provided between the second electrode and the wiring member.
5.前記応力緩和層が、2層以上で構成されていることを特徴とする前記4記載の有機エレクトロニクスパネル。 5. 5. The organic electronics panel as described in 4 above, wherein the stress relaxation layer is composed of two or more layers.
6.前記第2電極と配線部材の間に、無機膜を有することを特徴とする前記1から5のいずれか1項に記載の有機エレクトロニクスパネル。 6. 6. The organic electronics panel according to any one of 1 to 5, wherein an inorganic film is provided between the second electrode and the wiring member.
7.前記配線部材が、金属箔で形成されていることを特徴とする前記1から6のいずれか1項に記載の有機エレクトロニクスパネル。 7. The organic electronics panel according to any one of 1 to 6, wherein the wiring member is formed of a metal foil.
8.前記発光面または受光面から見たとき、発光部または発電部と、基板端部との距離(封止しろ)が、2mm以上、10mm以下であることを特徴とする前記1から7のいずれか1項に記載の有機エレクトロニクスパネル。 8. Any one of 1 to 7 above, wherein when viewed from the light emitting surface or the light receiving surface, the distance (sealing margin) between the light emitting unit or the power generation unit and the end of the substrate is 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less. 2. The organic electronics panel according to item 1.
9.発光面積または発電面積が、5平方cm以上であることを特徴とする前記1から8のいずれか1項に記載の有機エレクトロニクスパネル。 9. 9. The organic electronics panel according to any one of 1 to 8, wherein a light emitting area or a power generating area is 5 square cm or more.
10.前記1から9のいずれか1項に記載の有機エレクトロニクスパネルを製造する有機エレクトロニクスパネルの製造方法であって、少なくとも、支持基板上に第一の電極を形成する工程、有機化合物からなる機能層を含む有機化合物層を形成する工程、第二の電極を形成する工程、配線部材の少なくとも1つを設置する工程、封止部材を設置する工程を有し、前記配線部材を、前記支持基板と前記封止部材との間で、かつ前記有機エレクトロニクスパネルの正面から見た際に、機能層部と配線部材の少なくとも1部が重なるように配置して製造することを特徴とする有機エレクトロニクスパネルの製造方法。 10. 10. A method for manufacturing an organic electronics panel according to any one of 1 to 9, wherein at least a step of forming a first electrode on a support substrate, a functional layer made of an organic compound is provided. A step of forming an organic compound layer, a step of forming a second electrode, a step of installing at least one of wiring members, and a step of installing a sealing member, wherein the wiring member is connected to the support substrate and the Manufacturing of an organic electronics panel, wherein the functional layer portion and the wiring member are arranged so as to overlap each other when viewed from the front of the organic electronics panel with a sealing member Method.
本発明により、省スペースを保ちつつ、駆動寿命及び耐久性に優れ、効率よい給電または発電を行うことができる大面積の有機エレクトロニクスパネルとその製造方法が得られる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a large-area organic electronics panel that is excellent in driving life and durability, can efficiently perform power feeding or power generation, and a method for manufacturing the same while maintaining space.
以下、本発明を実施するための形態について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明者は、省スペース性を維持しながら、効率の高い配線を行う方法について鋭意検討を行った。その結果、密着封止(固体封止)タイプの封止方式を用いることで、薄型で、かつフレキシブルな有機エレクトロニクスパネルを製造することは可能ではあるが、この密着封止タイプの封止方式を用いる場合は、発光または発電の機能層領域の周囲に封止しろ(封止部、封止領域)が必要になる。封止しろの周囲にさらに配線部材を配置すると、封止しろと配線部材の設置スペースが共に必要となり、有機エレクトロニクスパネルの大型化を招く結果となる。 The inventor has intensively studied a method for performing highly efficient wiring while maintaining space saving. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a thin and flexible organic electronics panel by using a close sealing (solid sealing) type sealing method, but this close sealing type sealing method is In the case of using it, a sealing margin (sealing portion, sealing region) is required around the functional layer region for light emission or power generation. If a wiring member is further arranged around the sealing margin, both the sealing margin and the installation space for the wiring member are required, resulting in an increase in the size of the organic electronics panel.
上記課題に対し、本発明の有機エレクトロニクスパネルでは、支持基板上に、対向する位置に配置した第1電極と第2電極との間に、少なくとも有機化合物からなる機能層を含む有機化合物層を挟持した構成の有機エレクトロニクス素子を有し、前記有機エレクトロニクス素子を覆う封止部材と前記支持基板とにより密着封止された構成を有する有機エレクトロニクスパネルであって、前記密着封止された内部に配線部材が配置され、発光面または受光面から見たとき、前記有機化合物からなる機能層と前記配線部材は、その少なくとも一部が重なって配置されていることを特徴とし、密着封止の内部に配線部材を配置することで、封止しろと配線部材の設置スペースを兼ねることが可能となり、その結果として省スペース化を達成することができたものである。 In the organic electronics panel of the present invention, an organic compound layer including at least a functional layer made of an organic compound is sandwiched between a first electrode and a second electrode arranged at opposing positions on the support substrate. An organic electronics panel having a configuration in which the organic electronics element having the configuration described above is provided, and having a configuration in which the sealing member that covers the organic electronics element and the support substrate are tightly sealed, and the wiring member is disposed in the tightly sealed interior And when viewed from the light emitting surface or the light receiving surface, the functional layer made of the organic compound and the wiring member are arranged so that at least a part thereof overlaps, and the wiring is formed inside the adhesive seal. By arranging the members, it becomes possible to double the sealing space and the installation space for the wiring members, and as a result, space saving can be achieved. One in which it was possible.
照明用途に好適に用いられる大面積の有機ELパネルの場合、大電流を流すことが必要になり、大面積の有機光電変換パネル(有機薄膜太陽電池)の場合には、発電した電流を取り出すことが必要になる。ここで、配線を発光部分もしくは発電部分と重ねて配置することで、配線の自由度が高まるだけでなく、金属箔のような薄型の配線を用いることも可能になる。 In the case of a large area organic EL panel suitably used for lighting applications, it is necessary to pass a large current. In the case of a large area organic photoelectric conversion panel (organic thin film solar cell), the generated current is taken out. Is required. Here, by arranging the wiring so as to overlap the light emitting portion or the power generation portion, not only the degree of freedom of the wiring is increased, but also a thin wiring such as a metal foil can be used.
また、密着封止中に配線を配置することで、配線が保護され断線などの物理的不具合が低減し、信頼性の向上を達成することができた。また、腐食などの化学的な不具合も減り、高温高湿下で長期間保存しても安定した給電が可能となった。 Also, by arranging the wiring during the close-sealing, the wiring was protected, physical problems such as disconnection were reduced, and improvement in reliability could be achieved. In addition, chemical defects such as corrosion have been reduced, and stable power supply has become possible even when stored for a long time under high temperature and high humidity.
さらに、有機化合物層上の電極と配線用部材の間に応力緩和層や無機膜を設けることで、有機エレクトロニクスパネルを折り曲げた時などに生じる有機層へのダメージが低減し、より耐久性の高いパネルを提供することができた。 Furthermore, by providing a stress relaxation layer or an inorganic film between the electrode on the organic compound layer and the wiring member, damage to the organic layer that occurs when the organic electronics panel is bent is reduced, resulting in higher durability. We were able to provide a panel.
さらに、このような構成にすることにより、有機エレクトロニクスパネルの駆動寿命が長くなることも分かった。この理由については、定かではないが電極上に配置された配線用部材が放熱板の役割も兼ね、有機化合物層の加熱を防ぎ駆動寿命が長くなったと推定している。 Furthermore, it has also been found that the driving life of the organic electronics panel is increased by adopting such a configuration. The reason for this is not clear, but it is presumed that the wiring member disposed on the electrode also serves as a heat sink, preventing the organic compound layer from being heated and extending its driving life.
また、本発明では発光端もしくは発電端から封止端までの距離、いわゆる封止しろは、2mm以上、10mm以下であることが好ましい。パネルを小型化するためには、封止しろは狭い方が好ましいが、狭すぎると周囲から水や酸素の浸入があり有機層へダメージが生じてしまう。そのため、2mm以上、10mm以下が好ましく、2mm以上、7mm以下がより好ましく、2mm以上、5mm以下が最も好ましい。 In the present invention, the distance from the light emitting end or the power generation end to the sealing end, so-called sealing margin, is preferably 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less. In order to reduce the size of the panel, it is preferable that the sealing margin is narrow. However, if it is too narrow, water or oxygen may enter from the surroundings, causing damage to the organic layer. Therefore, 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less are preferable, 2 mm or more and 7 mm or less are more preferable, and 2 mm or more and 5 mm or less are the most preferable.
本発明者は、封止しろの距離を変化させて作製した有機エレクトロニクスパネルを、高湿環境で保存した際の特性について検証を行った結果を、図1に示す。 The inventor has verified the characteristics of an organic electronics panel produced by changing the sealing margin distance when stored in a high-humidity environment, as shown in FIG.
図1は、封止しろの長さとダークスポット発生面積の関係を示すグラフである。封止しろの幅を変化させて作製した有機ELパネルを、60℃で90%RHの環境下で250時間保存し、その後の発光画像を撮影し、画像処理に定非発光部分(ダークスポット(DS))の面積を求めた結果である。図1に示した結果より明らかな様に、封止しろを2mm以上にすることにより、ダークスポットの発生面積が急激に低下し、10mm以上では、その面積がほぼ一定になっており、それ以上封止しろを長くしてもダークスポットの発生面積の低減効果は少ないことが分かる。 FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the length of the sealing margin and the dark spot generation area. The organic EL panel produced by changing the width of the sealing margin was stored at 60 ° C. in an environment of 90% RH for 250 hours, and then a luminescence image was taken, and a constant non-luminous portion (dark spot ( DS)). As is clear from the results shown in FIG. 1, by setting the sealing margin to 2 mm or more, the dark spot generation area rapidly decreases, and when it is 10 mm or more, the area is almost constant. It can be seen that the effect of reducing the dark spot generation area is small even if the sealing margin is lengthened.
次いで、本発明の有機エレクトロニクスパネルの好ましい実施形態について、図を用いて説明する。 Next, preferred embodiments of the organic electronics panel of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図2は、本発明の有機エレクトロニクスパネルの構成の一例を示す断面図である。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the organic electronics panel of the present invention.
図2は、支持基板2上に形成された第1電極3と第2電極4とで構成される一対の電極群と、その間に少なくとも発光層もしくは光電変換層(発電層)を含む有機化合物層5を挟持した構成を有する有機エレクトロニクス素子と、これを覆う封止部材9と封止用接着剤11によって密着(固体)封止された有機エレクトロニクスパネル1を示した断面構成模式図である。
FIG. 2 shows an organic compound layer including a pair of electrode groups formed by the
図2において、支持基板2である可撓性の基板上には、例えば、第1電極3として、ITOからなる陽極、さらに発光層もしくは光電変換層を含む有機化合物層5が、さらにその上に、例えば、アルミニウム等からなる第2電極4である陰極が積層されて、有機エレクトロニクス素子を形成している。
In FIG. 2, an
有機エレクトロニクス素子が形成された支持基板2は、封止部材9により密着封止されている。即ち、封止用接着剤11によって封止部材9が、有機エレクトロニクス素子および樹脂基板である支持基板2に密着して、全面を覆うことで、有機エレクトロニクス素子を外部空間から封止、隔離して、有機エレクトロニクスパネル1を構成している。
The
ここで、第1電極3及び第2電極4は、導電性接着剤7を介して配線部材8によって、密着・接合(接続)されている。さらに、配線部材8は、発光領域もしくは発電領域と重なり合うように配置されている。
Here, the
一般に、密着封止は固体封止ともいわれ、有機エレクトロニクス素子が形成された支持基板2と封止部材9との間に、空間を残さないよう、空隙部を全て、樹脂(封止用接着剤11)で覆って有機エレクトロニクス素子、即ち有機化合物層5を封止するものである。
In general, the close sealing is also referred to as solid sealing, and all the gaps are made of resin (sealing adhesive) so as not to leave a space between the
本発明で規定する構成を採ることにより、通常、抵抗の高い透明の第1電極3を覆うように配線部材8が設けられ、効率よく給電することが可能になる。また、配線部材8も発光領域もしくは発電領域と重ねて設けることで、薄膜かつ低抵抗にすることが可能になる。
By adopting the configuration defined in the present invention, the
また、これらの封止方法を採用することにより、配線部材8が、封止用接着剤11により固定されるので、電極リードが電極引き出し部との接合部のみでなく、封止用接着剤11によっても固定されるため、剥がれやゆるみがなく、しっかりとした固定が可能である。また、電極引き出し部を封止部材外に取り出して形成しなければならないといったことがなく、電極面積をコンパクトに設計でき、特に、ITO等の透明導電膜を用いた電極の場合に利点が発生する。
Moreover, since the
また、このような形態をとることで、有機層で発生した熱を、陰極、配線部材、封止用接着剤、封止部材へと効率的に逃がすことが可能となり、有機層を効率的に冷却することもできる。特に、金属の配線部材を用いることで熱伝導を上げることができ、有機層の熱ダメージを低減することが可能である。 Moreover, by taking such a form, it becomes possible to efficiently release the heat generated in the organic layer to the cathode, the wiring member, the sealing adhesive, and the sealing member, and the organic layer can be efficiently removed. It can also be cooled. In particular, heat conduction can be increased by using a metal wiring member, and thermal damage to the organic layer can be reduced.
従って、本発明は、配線部材を、封止部材によって密着封止された領域内に設け、密着(固体)封止部から電極リードが取り出されることによって、省スペースで有機エレクトロニクス素子性能を損なうことなく、特に、封止部材に可撓性の樹脂基板を用いたとき、曲げやずれに対して強い優れた封止方法である。 Therefore, according to the present invention, the wiring member is provided in the region tightly sealed by the sealing member, and the electrode lead is taken out from the close (solid) sealing portion, so that the performance of the organic electronics element is reduced in a space-saving manner. In particular, when a flexible resin substrate is used for the sealing member, it is an excellent sealing method that is strong against bending and displacement.
図3は、比較例の有機エレクトロニクスパネルの構成の一例を示す断面図である。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of a comparative organic electronics panel.
図3に示す比較例の有機エレクトロニクスパネルでは、支持基板2である可撓性の基板上に設けられた第1電極3、発光層もしくは光電変換層を含む有機化合物層5、第2電極4等積層されて形成された有機エレクトロニクス素子が封止部材等で封止されていない構成を示してある。
In the organic electronics panel of the comparative example shown in FIG. 3, the
次に、図4を用いて、本発明の有機エレクトロニクスパネルの製造方法の一例について説明する。 Next, an example of the method for manufacturing the organic electronics panel of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
図4は、電極リードと有機エレクトロニクス素子の電極引き出し部の接続部に着目した本発明の有機エレクトロニクスパネルの製造方法の一例を示す断面構成模式図である。 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing an example of a method for manufacturing an organic electronics panel according to the present invention, focusing on a connection portion between an electrode lead and an electrode lead portion of an organic electronics element.
第1工程としては、図4の(a)に示す様に、支持基板2である樹脂基板上に、ITOからなる第1電極3(陽極)および有機エレクトロニクス素子の引き出し電極6、その上に、例えば、正孔輸送層、発光層、電子輸送層(以上図示せず)等からなる有機エレクトロニクス素子を構成する有機化合物層5、および第2電極4(陰極)を順次積層して、有機エレクトロニクス素子を支持基板2上に形成する。ここで、第2電極4(陰極)は、駆動用のITOから構成される引き出し電極6が接続されるように形成される。これらの形成は、ITOをスパッタリング、蒸着等により可撓性の支持基板2上の全面に形成した後、所望のパターンにエッチングして、第1電極3及び引き出し用電極6を形成することができる。あるいは、予め所望のレジストパターンを形成した上にITOを蒸着し、レジストパターンをリフトオフする方法によっても形成することができる。さらに、所望のパターンが開口された金属マスク等を用いて直接ITOをスパッタリング、蒸着等により形成することもできる。
As the first step, as shown in FIG. 4A, on the resin substrate as the
また、有機化合物層5、および第2電極4(陰極)についても、マトリックス状に画素を形成するようにパターニングしても良い、また、照明用等の用途では全面に一様に形成しても良い。
Also, the
次に、導電性接着剤7として異方導電性フィルムを用い、支持基板(樹脂基板)2上の引き出し用電極6であるITO電極引き出し部上の第2電極4に仮接着させる。その後、配線部材8(銅箔)と、その接合部を位置合わせして、両者を接着させる。この接着は異方導電性フィルムの圧着条件で行うことが好ましい。異方性導電性フィルムを用いて、例えば、圧力0.1~10MPa、また、80~180℃程度の温度で数秒から数分間熱圧着すること接続することができる。ただし、導電性接着剤7の接着時の温度は、140℃以下であることが好ましく、この温度以下であるほうが、導電性が良好に保たれ、駆動電圧の上昇も少ない。この効果の理由については定かではないが、電極リードに用いる部材、樹脂基板、ITO等の透明電極の線膨張係数がそれぞれ異なるため、室温から極端に異なる温度で接着すると各部材に応力ひずみが発生し、直後の導通不良や、長期保存時の抵抗上昇につながるものと推定している。
Next, an anisotropic conductive film is used as the
また、導電性接着剤7を用いた引き出し用電極6と配線部材8との接着時には、支持基板2および封止部材9の両側から加熱することが均一に硬化されることから好ましい。
In addition, when the
加熱手段としては、特に制限はなく、温度や圧力を印加できるものであれば、熱プレート、またオーブン等、また圧着ロールを用いるラミネーター等でも良い。一般的には、ACF圧着機やボンダー等が用いられる。 The heating means is not particularly limited, and may be a heat plate, an oven, a laminator using a pressure roll, etc., as long as it can apply temperature and pressure. Generally, an ACF crimping machine or a bonder is used.
例えば、市販のACF圧着機を用い、試料台も加熱して圧着硬化させることが好ましい。電極リードと樹脂基板側の両方が同じ温度である必要はないが、前記温度範囲であることが好ましい。両側から加熱することは、導電性接着剤の硬化が均一となり接合がより強固になり、剥がれ等がより起こりにくくなる観点から好まし。 For example, it is preferable to use a commercially available ACF crimping machine and heat the sample stage to cure by pressure. Although it is not necessary for both the electrode lead and the resin substrate side to be at the same temperature, it is preferable to be within the above temperature range. Heating from both sides is preferable from the viewpoint of uniform curing of the conductive adhesive, stronger bonding, and less peeling.
導電性接着剤7として用いる異方性導電性フィルムは、導電性粒子、例えば、金属核そのもの(例えば、金、ニッケルまた銀)、あるいは樹脂核(例えば、金メッキしたもの等)をバインダに分散したものであり、バインダとしては熱可塑性樹脂や熱硬化性樹脂が使われており、中でも熱硬化性樹脂、特にエポキシ樹脂を用いたものが好ましい。また、同様な構成の導電性ペーストを用いても良い。フィラーとしてニッケルファイバー(繊維状)を配向させた異方性導電性フィルム等も使用できる。
The anisotropic conductive film used as the
異方導電性フィルムを支持基板と熱圧着すると、導電性粒子によって厚み方向の電気的接続がなされ、同時にバインダ樹脂により機械的接合がなされる。バインダ樹脂としては、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂等の熱硬化樹脂、ポリアミドイミド等の熱可塑性樹脂等が挙げられるが、樹脂の流動性、接続信頼性、コスト、ポットライフ等の観点から、フィルム状のエポキシ樹脂が好適である。導電粒子としては、ニッケル、銅、銀等の金属、アクリル樹脂、スチレン樹脂等のプラスチック粒子の表面にニッケル、金等の金属メッキ膜が被覆された複合粒子等が挙げられる。特に、接続信頼性の点で、粒子自体が柔軟で復元性のあるプラスチック粒子の表面にニッケル、金等の金属メッキ膜が被覆された複合粒子が好適である。なお、導電粒子径は、通常平均粒子径として3.0~5.0μmである。 When the anisotropic conductive film is thermocompression bonded to the support substrate, electrical connection in the thickness direction is made by the conductive particles, and at the same time, mechanical bonding is made by the binder resin. Examples of the binder resin include thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins and phenol resins, and thermoplastic resins such as polyamideimide. From the viewpoint of resin fluidity, connection reliability, cost, pot life, and the like, a film-like resin is used. Epoxy resins are preferred. Examples of the conductive particles include metal particles such as nickel, copper and silver, and composite particles in which the surface of plastic particles such as acrylic resin and styrene resin is coated with a metal plating film such as nickel and gold. In particular, in terms of connection reliability, composite particles in which the particles themselves are flexible and have a restorable plastic particle coated with a metal plating film such as nickel or gold are suitable. The conductive particle diameter is usually 3.0 to 5.0 μm as an average particle diameter.
また、導電性接着剤7としては、上記説明した異方導電性フィルム等のほかには、導電性ペースト等の流動性材料、例えば、銀ペースト等を用いても良い。電極引き出し部上に導電性ペーストを使用して、印刷等で形成することもできる。
Further, as the
本発明でいう封止領域あるいは密着封止中とは、支持基板2と封止部材9に挟まれた空間のことを言う。本発明では、この封止領域あるいは密着封止中が接着剤等により充填されていることが好ましい。
In the present invention, the sealing region or close-contact sealing refers to a space sandwiched between the
配線部材8は、導電体で形成される。本発明で用いることのできる電極リードとしては、抵抗値が低く薄膜にできる部材であれば特に制限はないが、配線部材が、金属箔で形成されていることが好ましく、本発明に適用可能な金属箔としては、アルミニウム箔、圧延銅箔、銀箔、金箔等が挙げられる。この中でも、抵抗値が低く、また薄膜にしやすく、コスト的にも好適な、アルミニウム箔、銅箔が利用できる。
The
本発明では、第2電極4と配線部材8の間に応力緩和層10を設けることが好ましい。応力緩和層10としては、それ自身が変形し有機化合物層5へのダメージを防ぐことができれば特に制限はなく、例えば、樹脂などを使用することができる。具体的には、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンテレフタラート(PET)、ポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN)、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリアミド、ポリカーボネート、ポリイミド、ポリウレタン、ポリスチレン、ABS樹脂、アクリル樹脂、ポリアセタール樹脂などの樹脂を用いることができる。
In the present invention, it is preferable to provide the
本発明では、第2電極4と配線部材8との間に、無機膜12を設けることが好ましい。無機膜12としては、絶縁性の膜が好ましく、例えば、酸化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素、酸化アルミなどを用いることができる。
In the present invention, it is preferable to provide the
また、接着時に、導電性接着剤7あるいは配線部材8の含水率は、100ppm以下であることが好ましい。水の混入をこのレベル以下に抑えることで、接着を強固にすると同時に、低含水率の状態で硬化させることにより、硬化した膜の水の浸透性を低く抑えることができる観点から好ましい。
Further, at the time of bonding, the water content of the
含水率は、いかなる方法により測定しても構わないが、例えば、容量法水分計(カールフィッシャー)、赤外水分計、マイクロ波透過型水分計、加熱乾燥重量法、GC/MS、IR、DSC(示差走査熱量計)、TDS(昇温脱離分析)が挙げられる。また、精密水分計AVM-3000型(オムニテック社製)等を用い、水分の蒸発によって生じる圧力上昇から水分を測定でき、フィルムまた固形フィルム等の水分率の測定を行うことができる。 The moisture content may be measured by any method. For example, a volumetric moisture meter (Karl Fischer), an infrared moisture meter, a microwave transmission moisture meter, a heat-dry weight method, GC / MS, IR, DSC (Differential scanning calorimeter) and TDS (temperature programmed desorption analysis). Further, using a precision moisture meter AVM-3000 (Omnitech) or the like, moisture can be measured from a pressure increase caused by evaporation of moisture, and moisture content of a film or a solid film can be measured.
配線部材8と引き出し用電極6を接合した後、次いで、図4の(b)で示す様に、封止部材による密着封止(固体封止)を行う。
After joining the
封止部材9(封止基板)としては、例えば、50μm厚のPET(ポリエチレンテレフタレート)にアルミ箔(30μm厚)をラミネートしたものを用いることができる。これを封止部材9として、アルミニウム面(あるいはこれに対向する樹脂基板1または両方の面)に、封止用接着剤11(例えば、熱硬化接着剤(エポキシ系接着剤))を予め配置しておき、樹脂基板2と封止部材9とを位置合わせ後、両者を0.1~3MPaの圧力、80~180℃の温度で圧着・接合(接着)して、密着封止(固体封止)する。
As the sealing member 9 (sealing substrate), for example, a 50 μm thick PET (polyethylene terephthalate) laminated with an aluminum foil (30 μm thick) can be used. With this as a sealing
この接合(接着)には、紫外線硬化樹脂も用いることできる。紫外線硬化樹脂を用いるときは、活性エネルギー線照射が必要となる。ただし、有機エレクトロニクス素子は、紫外線が照射されると損傷するので、紫外線硬化樹脂を使用する場合には、紫外線照射量をできるだけ少なくする必要がある。封止用接着剤11としては、熱硬化性樹脂を用いることが好ましい。エポキシ系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、シリコーン樹脂など、各種公知のものを使用することができる。
For this bonding (adhesion), an ultraviolet curable resin can also be used. When using an ultraviolet curable resin, active energy ray irradiation is required. However, since the organic electronics element is damaged when irradiated with ultraviolet rays, it is necessary to reduce the amount of ultraviolet irradiation as much as possible when using an ultraviolet curable resin. As the sealing
特に、耐湿性、耐水性に優れ、硬化時の収縮が少ないエポキシ系熱硬化型接着性樹脂を用いることが好ましい。 In particular, it is preferable to use an epoxy thermosetting adhesive resin that is excellent in moisture resistance and water resistance and has little shrinkage upon curing.
熱硬化性樹脂(接着剤)は、例えば、ディスペンサを使用して封止部材9(アルミ箔をラミネートしたPET)のアルミニウム面に沿って均一に塗布し、しかる後、封止部材9を、電引き出し部と電極リードとの接合部位を覆って、例えば、有機エレクトロニクス素子を形成した支持基板2上に密着・配置して、圧着(例えば、圧力0.5MPa)し、仮接着する。この際、空気(空洞)が残らないよう注意して仮接着する。圧着ロールあるいはプレス機を用いても良い。仮接着された有機エレクトロニクスパネルを、例えば、ホットプレート上に載置、加熱し(例えば、温度120℃、30分)熱硬化接着剤を熱硬化させることで、有機エレクトロニクス素子を密着封止(固体封止)して有機エレクトロニクスパネル1を作製する。
The thermosetting resin (adhesive) is applied uniformly along the aluminum surface of the sealing member 9 (PET laminated with an aluminum foil) using a dispenser, for example, and then the sealing
引き出し用電極6とこれに接続する配線部材8は、硬化した封止用接着剤11によって、封止部材9と、支持基板2との間に固定されるので、十分強固に電極リード部またフレキシブル回路基板を固定できる。
The
接着剤の種類また量、そして面積等によって加熱また圧着時間は適宜選択されるが、概ね0.1~3MPaの圧力で仮接着、また80~180℃の温度、熱硬化時間5秒~10分間の範囲で選べばよい。 The heating or pressure bonding time is appropriately selected depending on the type, amount, and area of the adhesive, but is temporarily bonded at a pressure of about 0.1 to 3 MPa, and the temperature is 80 to 180 ° C. and the heat curing time is 5 seconds to 10 minutes. Select within the range.
加熱した圧着ロールを用いると、圧着(仮接着)と加熱が同時にでき、且つ内部の空隙も同時に排除でき好ましい。 It is preferable to use a heated crimping roll because it can simultaneously perform crimping (temporary bonding) and heating, and can eliminate internal voids at the same time.
また、接着剤層の形成方法としては、材料に応じて、ディスペンサを用いること、あるいはロールコート、スピンコート、スクリーン印刷法、スプレーコートなどのコーティング法、印刷法を用いることができる。 Also, as a method for forming the adhesive layer, a dispenser can be used, or a coating method such as roll coating, spin coating, screen printing, spray coating, or the like can be used depending on the material.
以上の操作により、図4の(c)に示す様に、密着封止された有機エレクトロニクスパネルを得ることができる。 By the above operation, as shown in FIG. 4 (c), an organic electronics panel sealed and sealed can be obtained.
固体封止は、以上のように封止基板と有機エレクトロニクス素子基板との間に空間がなく硬化した樹脂で覆う形態であり、シール材充填密着構造であり、電極リードも封止樹脂中に固定され密着(固体)封止された部分から電極リードが取り出される構成となる。 Solid sealing is a form in which there is no space between the sealing substrate and the organic electronics element substrate, as described above, and is covered with a cured resin, and has a sealing material-filled close-contact structure, and the electrode leads are also fixed in the sealing resin. Then, the electrode lead is taken out from the tightly sealed (solid) sealed portion.
電極リードと電極との接続において、接着(接合)強度を十分保つことのできる堅固な封止構造であり、かつ、有機エレクトロニクス素子性能を劣化させることなく電極リードを取り出すことができる有機エレクトロニクスパネルの製造方法である。 An organic electronics panel that has a solid sealing structure that can maintain sufficient adhesion (bonding) strength in the connection between the electrode lead and the electrode, and that can take out the electrode lead without degrading the performance of the organic electronics element. It is a manufacturing method.
次に、本発明の有機エレクトロニクスパネルを構成する各主要構成成分の詳細について説明する。 Next, details of each main component constituting the organic electronics panel of the present invention will be described.
本発明の実施に際し、各構成成分の材料は特に限定されない。すなわち、支持基板、封止部材、また有機エレクトロニクス素子を構成する第1電極(陽極)、有機化合物層、第2電極(陰極)、導電性接着剤(異方導電性フィルム)、接着剤等は、各種公知のものを使用できる。 In implementing the present invention, the material of each component is not particularly limited. That is, the first electrode (anode), organic compound layer, second electrode (cathode), conductive adhesive (anisotropic conductive film), adhesive, etc. constituting the support substrate, the sealing member, and the organic electronics element are Various known materials can be used.
本発明の有機エレクトロニクスパネルにおいて、支持基板2としては、樹脂(プラスチック)をシート状あるいはフィルム状にした基板を使用することができる。特に、発光に対して高い透過性を有するポリエステル、ポリメタクリレート、ポリカーボネート等の透明プラスチック等が好適である。
In the organic electronics panel of the present invention, as the
また、これらの樹脂基板に、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素等のガスバリア層を厚さ1nm~数百nmの範囲で積層したガスバリアフィルムを用いることが好ましい。ガスバリア層は、樹脂基板の片面若しくは両面に、例えば、プラズマCVD法、スパッタリング、蒸着等の薄膜形成手段を用いて形成することもできる。樹脂基板(フィルム)としては、JIS K 7126-1987に準拠した方法で測定された酸素透過度が1×10-3ml/(m2・24h・atm)以下、JIS K 7129-1992に準拠した方法で測定された水蒸気透過度(25±0.5℃、相対湿度(90±2)%RH)が、1×10-3g/(m2・24h)以下のものであることが好ましい。 Further, it is preferable to use a gas barrier film in which a gas barrier layer of aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, silicon nitride or the like is laminated on the resin substrate in a thickness range of 1 nm to several hundred nm. The gas barrier layer can also be formed on one surface or both surfaces of the resin substrate using thin film forming means such as plasma CVD, sputtering, or vapor deposition. As the resin substrate (film), the oxygen permeability measured by a method according to JIS K 7126-1987 is 1 × 10 −3 ml / (m 2 · 24 h · atm) or less, and it conforms to JIS K 7129-1992. The water vapor permeability (25 ± 0.5 ° C., relative humidity (90 ± 2)% RH) measured by the method is preferably 1 × 10 −3 g / (m 2 · 24 h) or less.
また、封止部材9としては、ステンレス、アルミニウム、マグネシウム合金等の金属、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネート、ポリスチレン、ナイロン、ポリ塩化ビニル等のプラスチック、およびこれらの複合物、ガラス等が挙げられ、必要に応じて、特に樹脂フィルムの場合には、樹脂基板と同様、アルミニウム、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ケイ素、窒化ケイ素等のガスバリア層を積層したものを用いることができる。ガスバリア層は、封止部材成形前に封止部材の両面若しくは片面にスパッタリング、蒸着等により形成することもできるし、封止後に封止部材の両面若しくは片面に同様な方法で形成してもよい。これについても、酸素透過度が1×10-3ml/(m2・24h・atm)以下、水蒸気透過度(25±0.5℃、相対湿度(90±2)%RH)が、1×10-3g/(m2・24h)以下のものであることが好ましい。
Examples of the sealing
封止部材としては、アルミニウム等の金属箔をラミネートしたフィルム等でも良い。金属箔の片面にポリマーフィルムを積層する方法としては、一般に使用されているラミネート機を使用することができる。接着剤としてはポリウレタン系、ポリエステル系、エポキシ系、アクリル系等の接着剤を用いることができる。必要に応じて硬化剤を併用してもよい。ホットメルトラミネーション法やエクストルージョンラミネート法および共押出しラミネーション法も使用できるがドライラミネート方式が好ましい。 The sealing member may be a film laminated with a metal foil such as aluminum. As a method for laminating the polymer film on one side of the metal foil, a generally used laminating machine can be used. As the adhesive, polyurethane-based, polyester-based, epoxy-based, acrylic-based adhesives and the like can be used. You may use a hardening | curing agent together as needed. A hot melt lamination method, an extrusion lamination method and a coextrusion lamination method can also be used, but a dry lamination method is preferred.
また、金属箔をスパッタや蒸着等で形成する方法や、導電性ペースト等の流動性電極材料から形成する場合は、逆にポリマーフィルムを基材としてこれに金属箔を成膜する方法で作成してもよい。 In addition, when forming a metal foil by sputtering or vapor deposition, or when forming from a fluid electrode material such as a conductive paste, it is created by using a polymer film as a base material and forming a metal foil on this. May be.
次いで、有機EL素子について説明する。 Next, the organic EL element will be described.
《有機EL素子》
有機EL素子は、電極間に単数又は複数の有機化合物層を積層した構造であり、例えば、陽極層/正孔注入・輸送層/発光層/電子注入・輸送層/陰極層等、各種の有機化合物からなる機能層が必要に応じ積層された構成を有する。最も単純には、陽極層/発光層/陰極層からなる構造である。
<< Organic EL element >>
An organic EL element has a structure in which one or a plurality of organic compound layers are laminated between electrodes. For example, various organic compounds such as an anode layer / hole injection / transport layer / light emitting layer / electron injection / transport layer / cathode layer, etc. A functional layer made of a compound has a structure in which it is laminated as necessary. The simplest structure is an anode layer / light emitting layer / cathode layer.
〔正孔注入・輸送層〕
正孔注入・輸送層に用いられる有機化合物材料としては、例えば、フタロシアニン誘導体、ヘテロ環アゾール類、芳香族三級アミン類、ポリビニルカルバゾール、ポリエチレンジオキシチオフェン/ポリスチレンスルホン酸(PEDOT:PSS)などに代表される導電性高分子等の高分子材料が用いられる。
[Hole injection / transport layer]
Examples of organic compound materials used for the hole injection / transport layer include phthalocyanine derivatives, heterocyclic azoles, aromatic tertiary amines, polyvinyl carbazole, polyethylenedioxythiophene / polystyrene sulfonic acid (PEDOT: PSS), and the like. A polymer material such as a representative conductive polymer is used.
〔発光層〕
発光層に用いられる有機化合物材料としては、例えば、4,4′-ジカルバゾリルビフェニル、1,3-ジカルバゾリルベンゼン等のカルバゾール系発光材料、(ジ)アザカルバゾール類、1,3,5-トリピレニルベンゼンなどのピレン系発光材料に代表される低分子発光材料、ポリフェニレンビニレン類、ポリフルオレン類、ポリビニルカルバゾール類などに代表される高分子発光材料などが挙げられる。これらのうちで、発光材料としては分子量10000以下の低分子系発光材料が好ましく用いられる。
[Light emitting layer]
Examples of the organic compound material used for the light emitting layer include carbazole-based light emitting materials such as 4,4′-dicarbazolylbiphenyl and 1,3-dicarbazolylbenzene, (di) azacarbazoles, 1,3 , 5-tripyrenylbenzene and the like, low molecular light emitting materials typified by pyrene light emitting materials, polyphenylene vinylenes, polyfluorenes, polyvinyl carbazoles and the like polymer light emitting materials. Of these, a low molecular weight light emitting material having a molecular weight of 10,000 or less is preferably used as the light emitting material.
また発光層に適用する発光材料には、好ましくは0.1~20質量%程度のドーパントが含まれてもよく、ドーパントとしては、ペリレン誘導体、ピレン誘導体等公知の蛍光色素、また、りん光色素が挙げられ、例えば、トリス(2-フェニルピリジン)イリジウム、ビス(2-フェニルピリジン)(アセチルアセトナート)イリジウム、ビス(2,4-ジフルオロフェニルピリジン)(ピコリナート)イリジウム、などに代表されるオルトメタル化イリジウム錯体等の錯体化合物がある。 The light emitting material applied to the light emitting layer may preferably contain about 0.1 to 20% by mass of a dopant. Examples of the dopant include known fluorescent dyes such as perylene derivatives and pyrene derivatives, and phosphorescent dyes. For example, ortho represented by tris (2-phenylpyridine) iridium, bis (2-phenylpyridine) (acetylacetonato) iridium, bis (2,4-difluorophenylpyridine) (picolinato) iridium, etc. There are complex compounds such as metalated iridium complexes.
〔電子注入・輸送層〕
電子注入・輸送層の構成材料としては、例えば、8-ヒドロキシキノリナートリチウム、ビス(8-ヒドロキシキノリナート)亜鉛等の金属錯体化合物もしくは以下に挙げられる含窒素五員環誘導体がある。即ち、オキサゾール、チアゾール、オキサジアゾール、チアジアゾールもしくはトリアゾール誘導体が好ましい。具体的には、2,5-ビス(1-フェニル)-1,3,4-オキサゾール、2,5-ビス(1-フェニル)-1,3,4-チアゾール、2,5-ビス(1-フェニル)-1,3,4-オキサジアゾール、2-(4′-tert-ブチルフェニル)-5-(4″-ビフェニル)1,3,4-オキサジアゾール、2,5-ビス(1-ナフチル)-1,3,4-オキサジアゾール、1,4-ビス[2-(5-フェニルオキサジアゾリル)]ベンゼン、1,4-ビス[2-(5-フェニルオキサジアゾリル)-4-tert-ブチルベンゼン]、2-(4′-tert-ブチルフェニル)-5-(4″-ビフェニル)-1,3,4-チアジアゾール、2,5-ビス(1-ナフチル)-1,3,4-チアジアゾール、1,4-ビス[2-(5-フェニルチアジアゾリル)]ベンゼン、2-(4′-tert-ブチルフェニル)-5-(4″-ビフェニル)-1,3,4-トリアゾール、2,5-ビス(1-ナフチル)-1,3,4-トリアゾール、1,4-ビス[2-(5-フェニルトリアゾリル)]ベンゼン等が挙げられる。
[Electron injection / transport layer]
Examples of the constituent material of the electron injection / transport layer include metal complex compounds such as 8-hydroxyquinolinate lithium and bis (8-hydroxyquinolinate) zinc, and the following nitrogen-containing five-membered ring derivatives. That is, oxazole, thiazole, oxadiazole, thiadiazole or triazole derivatives are preferred. Specifically, 2,5-bis (1-phenyl) -1,3,4-oxazole, 2,5-bis (1-phenyl) -1,3,4-thiazole, 2,5-bis (1 -Phenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2- (4′-tert-butylphenyl) -5- (4 ″ -biphenyl) 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2,5-bis ( 1-naphthyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,4-bis [2- (5-phenyloxadiazolyl)] benzene, 1,4-bis [2- (5-phenyloxadiazolyl) -4-tert-butylbenzene], 2- (4′-tert-butylphenyl) -5- (4 ″ -biphenyl) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2,5-bis (1-naphthyl) -1 , 3,4-thiadiazole, 1,4-bis [2- (5-phenyl) Asiazolyl)] benzene, 2- (4′-tert-butylphenyl) -5- (4 ″ -biphenyl) -1,3,4-triazole, 2,5-bis (1-naphthyl) -1,3,4 -Triazole, 1,4-bis [2- (5-phenyltriazolyl)] benzene and the like.
これら発光層、また各機能層に用いられる有機化合物材料として、分子中にビニル基等の重合反応性基を有する材料を用い、製膜後に架橋・重合膜を形成させて各機能層を形成してもよい。 As the organic compound material used for these light emitting layers and each functional layer, a material having a polymerization reactive group such as a vinyl group in the molecule is used, and a cross-linked / polymerized film is formed after film formation to form each functional layer. May be.
〔陽極層〕
陽極層に使用される導電性材料としては、4eVより大きな仕事関数をもつものが適しており、銀、金、白金、パラジウム等及びそれらの合金、酸化スズ、酸化インジウム、ITO等の酸化金属、さらにはポリチオフェンやポリピロール等の有機導電性樹脂が用いられる。
[Anode layer]
As the conductive material used for the anode layer, a material having a work function larger than 4 eV is suitable, and silver, gold, platinum, palladium and the like and alloys thereof, metal oxides such as tin oxide, indium oxide and ITO, Furthermore, organic conductive resins such as polythiophene and polypyrrole are used.
〔陰極層〕
陰極層に使用される導電性物質としては、4eVより小さな仕事関数をもつものが適しており、マグネシウム、アルミニウム等。合金としては、マグネシウム/銀、リチウム/アルミニウム等が代表例として挙げられる。
(Cathode layer)
As the conductive material used for the cathode layer, those having a work function smaller than 4 eV are suitable, such as magnesium and aluminum. Typical examples of the alloy include magnesium / silver and lithium / aluminum.
以上の各機能層が支持基板上に形成され、封止部材により封止され有機ELパネルを構成する。 Each functional layer described above is formed on a support substrate and sealed with a sealing member to constitute an organic EL panel.
《有機光電変換素子》
次に、有機光電変換素子について説明するが、以下の形態に限定されるものではない。
<< Organic photoelectric conversion element >>
Next, although an organic photoelectric conversion element is demonstrated, it is not limited to the following forms.
本発明で用いることのできる有機光電変換素子としては特に制限がなく、陽極と陰極と、両者に挟まれた光電変換層が少なくとも1層以上あり、光を照射すると電流を発生する素子であればよい。 There is no restriction | limiting in particular as an organic photoelectric conversion element which can be used by this invention, If it is an element which has an anode and a cathode and at least 1 or more photoelectric conversion layer pinched | interposed between both and generates an electric current when irradiated with light Good.
光電変換層の構成としては、有機半導体材料を積層した構成であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、p型半導体材料とn型半導体材料を積層したヘテロジャンクション型や、p型、n型両方の半導体材料を混合し、ミクロ相分離構造を有した所謂バルクヘテロジャンクション型を挙げることができる。内部量子効率向上の観点から、電荷分離効率に優れる構成が好ましく、バルクヘテロジャンクション型の構造が本願においてより好ましい。 The configuration of the photoelectric conversion layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a configuration in which an organic semiconductor material is stacked. For example, a heterojunction type in which a p-type semiconductor material and an n-type semiconductor material are stacked, or both a p-type and an n-type semiconductor. A so-called bulk heterojunction type in which materials are mixed and have a microphase separation structure can be given. From the viewpoint of improving internal quantum efficiency, a configuration excellent in charge separation efficiency is preferable, and a bulk heterojunction structure is more preferable in the present application.
また、本発明に係る有機光電変換素子を太陽電池として用いる場合には、太陽光スペクトルに最適な吸収特性を有する有機半導体材料を用いることが好ましく、効率、意匠性の観点からより黒い外観である有機光電変換素子であることが好ましい。 Moreover, when using the organic photoelectric conversion element which concerns on this invention as a solar cell, it is preferable to use the organic-semiconductor material which has the absorption characteristic optimal for a sunlight spectrum, and it is a blacker external appearance from a viewpoint of efficiency and design property. An organic photoelectric conversion element is preferable.
〔有機光電変換素子の構成〕
本発明を適用した有機光電変換素子は、支持体の一方面上に、透明電極、光電変換層及び対電極が順次積層されている。
[Configuration of organic photoelectric conversion element]
In the organic photoelectric conversion element to which the present invention is applied, a transparent electrode, a photoelectric conversion layer, and a counter electrode are sequentially laminated on one surface of a support.
また、これに限られず、例えば、透明電極や対電極と光電変換層との間に正孔輸送層、電子輸送層、正孔ブロック層、電子ブロック層、電極バッファー層、或いは平滑化層等の他の層を有して有機光電変換素子が構成されてもよい。また、正孔ブロック能を有する電子輸送層、電子ブロック能を有する正孔輸送層であっでもよい。これらの中でも、バルクヘテロジャンクション型の光電変換層を有する有機光電変換素子においては、光電変換層と陽極(通常、透明電極側)との中間には正孔輸送層または電子ブロック層を、光電変換層と陰極(通常、対電極側)との中間には電子輸送層または正孔ブロック層を形成することで、バルクヘテロジャンクション型の光電変換層で発生した電荷をより効率的に取り出すことが可能となるため、これらの層を有していることが好ましい。 Moreover, it is not restricted to this, For example, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, a hole block layer, an electron block layer, an electrode buffer layer, or a smoothing layer between a transparent electrode or a counter electrode and a photoelectric conversion layer An organic photoelectric conversion element may be configured with other layers. Further, it may be an electron transport layer having a hole blocking ability or a hole transport layer having an electron blocking ability. Among these, in an organic photoelectric conversion element having a bulk heterojunction type photoelectric conversion layer, a hole transport layer or an electron block layer is provided between the photoelectric conversion layer and the anode (usually the transparent electrode side), and the photoelectric conversion layer. By forming an electron transport layer or a hole blocking layer between the cathode and the cathode (usually the counter electrode side), it becomes possible to more efficiently extract charges generated in the bulk heterojunction type photoelectric conversion layer. Therefore, it is preferable to have these layers.
(i)陽極/正孔輸送層/電子ブロック層/光電変換層/正孔ブロック層/電子輸送層/陰極
(ii)陽極/電子ブロック能を有する正孔輸送層/光電変換層/正孔ブロック能を有する電子輸送層/陰極バッファー層/陰極
(iii)陽極/陽極バッファー層/正孔輸送層/電子ブロック層/光電変換層/正孔ブロック層/電子輸送層/陰極
(iv)陽極/陽極バッファー層/正孔輸送層/電子ブロック層/光電変換層/正孔ブロック層/電子輸送層/陰極バッファー層/陰極
上記のように、有機光電変換素子は、各層を重ね合わせて積層とされる。また、薄膜形成方法は、上記の各構成を形成するのに適用できるが、特に陽極及び陰極を除く各層の形成に好ましく適用できる。
(I) Anode / hole transport layer / electron block layer / photoelectric conversion layer / hole block layer / electron transport layer / cathode (ii) Anode / hole transport layer having electron blocking ability / photoelectric conversion layer / hole block Electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode (iii) anode / anode buffer layer / hole transport layer / electron block layer / photoelectric conversion layer / hole block layer / electron transport layer / cathode (iv) anode / anode Buffer layer / hole transport layer / electron block layer / photoelectric conversion layer / hole block layer / electron transport layer / cathode buffer layer / cathode As described above, the organic photoelectric conversion element is laminated by stacking the layers. . The thin film forming method can be applied to form each of the above-described structures, but can be preferably applied particularly to the formation of each layer excluding the anode and the cathode.
本発明の有機エレクトロニクスパネルにおいては、各機能層は、真空蒸着法、またスパッタ法等の乾式法により形成されてもよく、また塗布、印刷法等の湿式法で成膜されてもよい。 In the organic electronics panel of the present invention, each functional layer may be formed by a vacuum method, a dry method such as a sputtering method, or may be formed by a wet method such as coating or printing.
以下実施例により本発明を説明するが本発明はこれにより限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
実施例1
《有機ELパネルの作製:本発明》
〔有機ELパネル101の作製〕
(ガスバリア性の可撓性フィルム(支持基板)の作製)
可撓性フィルムとして、厚み100μmのポリエチレンナフタレートフィルム(帝人・デュポン社製フィルム、以下、PENと略記する)の全面に、特開2004-68143号公報に記載の構成からなる大気圧プラズマ放電処理装置を用いて、連続して可撓性フィルム上に、SiO2から構成されるガスバリア膜(厚み500nm)を形成し、酸素透過度0.001cm3/(m2・24h・atm)以下、水蒸気透過度0.001g/(m2・24h)以下のガスバリア性の可撓性フィルムを作製した。
Example 1
<< Production of Organic EL Panel: Present Invention >>
[Production of Organic EL Panel 101]
(Production of gas barrier flexible film (support substrate))
As a flexible film, a 100 μm thick polyethylene naphthalate film (a film made by Teijin DuPont, hereinafter abbreviated as PEN) is formed on the entire surface by an atmospheric pressure plasma discharge treatment having the structure described in JP-A-2004-68143. Using an apparatus, a gas barrier film (thickness 500 nm) composed of SiO 2 is continuously formed on a flexible film, and has an oxygen permeability of 0.001 cm 3 / (m 2 · 24 h · atm) or less, water vapor A gas barrier flexible film having a permeability of 0.001 g / (m 2 · 24 h) or less was produced.
(第1電極及び引き出し用電極の形成)
上記作製したガスバリア性の可撓性フィルム上に、厚さ120nmのITO膜(インジウムチンオキシド)をスパッタ法により成膜し、フォトリソグラフィー法によりパターニングを行い、図5に示す様な第1電極3及び引き出し用電極6を形成した。なお、パターンは発光面積が50mm平方になるようなパターンとした。
(Formation of first electrode and lead electrode)
An ITO film (indium tin oxide) having a thickness of 120 nm is formed by sputtering on the gas barrier flexible film prepared above, and patterned by photolithography, and the
(正孔輸送層の形成)
上記形成したガスバリア性の可撓性フィルムの第1電極上に、以下に示す正孔輸送層形成用塗布液を押出し塗布機で塗布した後、乾燥して、有機化合物層として正孔輸送層を形成した。なお、正孔輸送層形成用塗布液は、乾燥後の厚みが50nmになるように塗布した。
(Formation of hole transport layer)
On the first electrode of the gas barrier flexible film formed above, the following hole transport layer forming coating solution was applied by an extrusion coater and then dried to form a hole transport layer as an organic compound layer. Formed. The hole transport layer forming coating solution was applied so that the thickness after drying was 50 nm.
正孔輸送層形成用塗布液を塗布する前に、ガスバリア性の可撓性フィルムに対し、洗浄表面改質処理として、波長184.9nmの低圧水銀ランプを使用し、照射強度15mW/cm2、距離10mmで実施した。帯電除去処理は、微弱X線による除電器を使用して行った。 Before applying the coating solution for forming the hole transport layer, a low pressure mercury lamp with a wavelength of 184.9 nm is used as a cleaning surface modification treatment for the gas barrier flexible film, the irradiation intensity is 15 mW / cm 2 , The distance was 10 mm. The charge removal treatment was performed using a static eliminator with weak X-rays.
〈正孔輸送層形成用塗布液の塗布条件〉
塗布工程は大気中で、25℃相対湿度50%の環境で行った。
<Application conditions of coating solution for forming hole transport layer>
The coating process was performed in the atmosphere at 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%.
〈正孔輸送層形成用塗布液の調製〉
導電性高分子であるBaytron P AI 4083(スタルクヴィテック社製)を、純水が65%、メタノールが5%となる条件で希釈した溶液を、正孔輸送層形成用塗布液として準備した。
<Preparation of coating solution for hole transport layer formation>
A solution obtained by diluting Baytron P AI 4083 (manufactured by Starck Vitec Co., Ltd.), which is a conductive polymer, under a condition of 65% pure water and 5% methanol was prepared as a coating solution for forming a hole transport layer.
〈正孔輸送層形成用塗布液の塗布条件〉
正孔輸送層形成用塗布液を用いた塗布工程は、大気中で、25℃相対湿度50%の環境で行った。
<Application conditions of coating solution for forming hole transport layer>
The coating process using the coating liquid for forming a hole transport layer was performed in the atmosphere at 25 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%.
〈乾燥及び加熱処理条件〉
正孔輸送層形成用塗布液を塗布した後、製膜面に向け高さ100mm、吐出風速1m/s、幅手の風速分布5%、温度100℃で溶媒を除去した後、引き続き、加熱処理装置を用い温度150℃で裏面伝熱方式の熱処理を行い、正孔輸送層を形成した。
<Drying and heat treatment conditions>
After applying the hole transport layer forming coating solution, the solvent is removed at a height of 100 mm toward the film forming surface, a discharge air velocity of 1 m / s, a wide air velocity distribution of 5%, and a temperature of 100 ° C., followed by heat treatment. The back surface heat transfer type heat treatment was performed at a temperature of 150 ° C. using an apparatus to form a hole transport layer.
(発光層の形成)
引き続き、正孔輸送層を形成したガスバリア性の可撓性フィルムの正孔輸送層上に、以下に示す白色発光層形成用塗布液を押出し塗布機で塗布した後、乾燥して発光層を形成した。なお、白色発光層形成用塗布液は、乾燥後の厚みが40nmになるように塗布した。
(Formation of light emitting layer)
Subsequently, the white light emitting layer forming coating liquid shown below is applied on the hole transporting layer of the gas barrier flexible film having the hole transporting layer formed thereon by an extrusion coating machine, and then dried to form a light emitting layer. did. The white light emitting layer forming coating solution was applied so that the thickness after drying was 40 nm.
〈白色発光層形成用塗布液の調製〉
ホスト材料であるH-Aの1.0gと、ドーパント材料であるD-Aの100mg、ドーパント材料であるD-Bの0.2mg、ドーパント材料であるD-Cの0.2mgを、100gのトルエン溶液に溶解して、白色発光層形成用塗布液を調製した。
<Preparation of white light emitting layer forming coating solution>
1.0 g of HA as a host material, 100 mg of DA as a dopant material, 0.2 mg of DB as a dopant material, 0.2 mg of DC as a dopant material, A white light emitting layer forming coating solution was prepared by dissolving in a toluene solution.
〈塗布条件〉
塗布工程は、窒素ガス濃度が99%以上の雰囲気で、塗布温度を25℃とし、塗布速度1m/minで行った。
<Application conditions>
The coating process was performed in an atmosphere having a nitrogen gas concentration of 99% or more, a coating temperature of 25 ° C., and a coating speed of 1 m / min.
〈乾燥及び加熱処理条件〉
白色発光層形成用塗布液を塗布した後、製膜面に向け高さ100mm、吐出風速1m/s、幅手の風速分布5%、温度60℃で溶媒を除去した後、引き続き、温度130℃で加熱処理を行い、発光層を形成した。
<Drying and heat treatment conditions>
After applying the white light emitting layer forming coating solution, the solvent was removed at a height of 100 mm toward the film forming surface, a discharge wind speed of 1 m / s, a wide wind speed distribution of 5%, and a temperature of 60 ° C., followed by a temperature of 130 ° C. A heat treatment was performed to form a light emitting layer.
(電子輸送層の形成)
引き続き、上記手順で発光層まで形成した後、以下に示す電子輸送層形成用塗布液を押出し塗布機で塗布した後、乾燥して電子輸送層を形成した。電子輸送層形成用塗布液は、乾燥後の厚みが30nmになるように塗布した。
(Formation of electron transport layer)
Subsequently, after forming the light emitting layer by the above procedure, the following electron transport layer forming coating solution was applied by an extrusion coater and dried to form an electron transport layer. The coating solution for forming an electron transport layer was applied so that the thickness after drying was 30 nm.
〈電子輸送層形成用塗布液の調製〉
下記化合物E-Aを、2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロ-1-プロパノール中に溶解して0.5質量%の溶液とし、これを電子輸送層形成用塗布液とした。
<Preparation of electron transport layer forming coating solution>
The following compound EA was dissolved in 2,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propanol to obtain a 0.5 mass% solution, which was used as a coating solution for forming an electron transport layer.
〈塗布条件〉
塗布工程は、窒素ガス濃度が99%以上の雰囲気で、上記電子輸送層形成用塗布液の塗布温度を25℃とし、塗布速度1m/minで行った。
<Application conditions>
The coating process was performed in an atmosphere having a nitrogen gas concentration of 99% or more, the coating temperature of the electron transport layer forming coating solution was 25 ° C., and the coating speed was 1 m / min.
〈乾燥及び加熱処理条件〉
電子輸送層形成用塗布液を塗布した後、製膜面に向け高さ100mm、吐出風速1m/s、幅手の風速分布5%、温度60℃で溶媒を除去した後、引き続き、加熱処理部において、温度200℃で加熱処理を行い、電子輸送層を形成した。
<Drying and heat treatment conditions>
After applying the coating solution for forming the electron transport layer, the solvent is removed at a height of 100 mm toward the film forming surface, a discharge air velocity of 1 m / s, a wide air velocity distribution of 5%, and a temperature of 60 ° C. Then, heat treatment was performed at a temperature of 200 ° C. to form an electron transport layer.
(電子注入層の形成)
引き続き、形成された電子輸送層上に電子注入層を形成した。はじめに、基板を減圧チャンバーに投入し、5×10-4Paまで減圧した。あらかじめ、真空チャンバーにタンタル製蒸着ボートに用意しておいたフッ化セシウムを加熱し、厚さ3nmの電子注入層を形成した。
(Formation of electron injection layer)
Subsequently, an electron injection layer was formed on the formed electron transport layer. First, the substrate was put into a vacuum chamber and the pressure was reduced to 5 × 10 −4 Pa. In advance, cesium fluoride prepared in a tantalum vapor deposition boat was heated in a vacuum chamber to form an electron injection layer having a thickness of 3 nm.
(第2電極の形成)
次いで、形成された電子注入層及び引き出し用電極上に第2電極を形成した。引き続き5×10-4Paの真空下にて、あらかじめタングステン製蒸着ボートに用意しておいたアルミニウムを加熱。発光面積が50mm平方になるようにマスクパターン成膜し、厚さ100nmの第2電極を積層した。
(Formation of second electrode)
Next, a second electrode was formed on the formed electron injection layer and extraction electrode. Subsequently, aluminum prepared in a tungsten vapor deposition boat was heated under a vacuum of 5 × 10 −4 Pa. A mask pattern was formed so that the emission area was 50 mm square, and a second electrode having a thickness of 100 nm was laminated.
(裁断)
第2電極まで形成したガスバリア性の可撓性フィルムを、再び窒素雰囲気に移動した。
(Cutting)
The gas barrier flexible film formed up to the second electrode was moved again to the nitrogen atmosphere.
ガスバリア性の可撓性フィルムを規定の大きさに裁断し、有機EL素子を作製した。 A gas barrier flexible film was cut into a prescribed size to produce an organic EL device.
(配線部材)
作製した有機EL素子に、ソニーケミカル&インフォメーションデバイス株式会社製の異方性導電フィルムDP3232S9を用いて、配線部材を接続した。配線部材としては30μm厚のアルミニウム箔(東洋アルミニウム株式会社製)を用いた。
(Wiring member)
A wiring member was connected to the produced organic EL element using an anisotropic conductive film DP3232S9 manufactured by Sony Chemical & Information Device Corporation. As the wiring member, a 30 μm thick aluminum foil (manufactured by Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd.) was used.
次いで、図5に示す形状になるように、市販のACF圧着装置を用いて圧着条件:温度170℃(別途熱伝対を用いて測定したACF温度140℃)、圧力2MPa、10秒で圧着を行った。
Next, pressure bonding is performed using a commercially available ACF pressure bonding apparatus so as to have the shape shown in FIG. 5: temperature 170 ° C. (ACF temperature 140 ° C. measured using a separate thermocouple),
(封止)
配線部材(アルミニウム箔)を接続した有機EL素子を、市販のロールラミネート装置を用いて封止部材を接着し、有機ELパネル101を製作した。
(Sealing)
A sealing member was bonded to the organic EL element to which the wiring member (aluminum foil) was connected using a commercially available roll laminating apparatus, and the organic EL panel 101 was manufactured.
なお、封止部材として、30μm厚のアルミニウム箔(東洋アルミニウム株式会社製)に、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム(12μm厚)をドライラミネーション用の接着剤(2液反応型のウレタン系接着剤)を用いラミネートした(接着剤層の厚み1.5μm)ものを用いた。 In addition, as a sealing member, a 30 μm thick aluminum foil (manufactured by Toyo Aluminum Co., Ltd.), a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film (12 μm thick) with an adhesive for dry lamination (two-component reaction type urethane adhesive). The laminate used (adhesive layer thickness 1.5 μm) was used.
アルミニウム面に熱硬化性接着剤を、ディスペンサを使用してアルミ箔の接着面(つや面)に沿って厚み20μmで均一に塗布した。 The thermosetting adhesive was uniformly applied to the aluminum surface with a thickness of 20 μm along the adhesive surface (glossy surface) of the aluminum foil using a dispenser.
熱硬化接着剤としては、エポキシ系接着剤として、ビスフェノールAジグリシジルエーテル(DGEBA)、ジシアンジアミド(DICY)及びエポキシアダクト系硬化促進剤を用いた。 As the thermosetting adhesive, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA), dicyandiamide (DICY), and an epoxy adduct curing accelerator were used as an epoxy adhesive.
次いで、封止基板を、配線部材を覆うようにして密着・配置して、圧着ロールを用いて厚着条件、圧着ロール温度120℃、圧力0.5MPa、装置速度0.3m/minで密着封止し、有機ELパネル101を作製した。 Next, the sealing substrate is closely attached and arranged so as to cover the wiring member, and is tightly sealed using a pressure-bonding roll under a thickening condition, a pressure-rolling temperature of 120 ° C., a pressure of 0.5 MPa, and an apparatus speed of 0.3 m / min. Thus, an organic EL panel 101 was produced.
図5に、以上の様にして作製した有機ELパネル101の断面図を示す。図5において、Eは発光領域を表し、Lは封止しろを表し、Lはそれぞれ4mmである。 FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of the organic EL panel 101 produced as described above. In FIG. 5, E represents a light emitting area, L represents a sealing margin, and L is 4 mm.
《有機ELパネル102の作製:本発明》
上記有機ELパネル101の作製と同様の方法で、第2電極まで形成したガスバリア性の可撓性フィルムを裁断して有機EL素子を作製した。
<< Production of Organic EL Panel 102: Present Invention >>
A gas barrier flexible film formed up to the second electrode was cut out in the same manner as in the production of the organic EL panel 101 to produce an organic EL element.
次いで、図6に示す形状になるように、応力緩和層10として、ポリエチレン樹脂を配置した。ポリエチレン樹脂としては、ダウケミカル日本株式会社製PRIMACOR3460を用いた。
Next, a polyethylene resin was disposed as the
なお、PRIMACOR3460は、インフレーション法にて50μmのシートにして用いた。 Note that PRIMACOR 3460 was used as a 50 μm sheet by the inflation method.
この上に、有機ELパネル101の作製と同様の方法で配線部材を配置し、密着封止を行って、有機ELパネル102を作製した。 On top of this, a wiring member was arranged in the same manner as the production of the organic EL panel 101, and the organic EL panel 102 was produced by tightly sealing.
図6に、以上の様にして作製した有機ELパネル102の断面図を示す。 FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the organic EL panel 102 produced as described above.
《有機ELパネル103の作製:本発明》
上記有機ELパネル102の作製において、第1の応力緩和層10Aとして、ポリエチレン樹脂に代えて、ポリエチレン樹脂のPRIMACOR3460を配置した。
<< Preparation of Organic EL Panel 103: Present Invention >>
In the production of the organic EL panel 102, as the first
次いで、配線部材8として、圧延銅箔の両面にポリイミド樹脂を貼り付け、成形したフレキシブルプリント基板(FPC)を用いた。FPCのポリイミド樹脂は応力緩和層10Bとして作用する。
Next, as the
FPCは、有機ELパネル102の製作と同様にして、ACFにて圧着を行った。 The FPC was pressure-bonded with ACF in the same manner as the production of the organic EL panel 102.
その後、有機ELパネル102の作製と同様に固体密着封止を行い、有機ELパネル103を作製した。図7に、有機ELパネル103の断面図を示す。 Thereafter, solid adhesion sealing was performed in the same manner as the production of the organic EL panel 102 to produce the organic EL panel 103. FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the organic EL panel 103.
《有機ELパネル104の作製:本発明》
上記有機ELパネル101の作製と同様にして第2電極まで形成した後、裁断まで行った。
<< Preparation of Organic EL Panel 104: Present Invention >>
In the same manner as in the production of the organic EL panel 101, the second electrode was formed and then cut.
次いで、裁断した基板を、SiO2のターゲットを配置した市販のスパッタ装置に移し、装置内を真空とした。 Next, the cut substrate was transferred to a commercially available sputtering apparatus on which a SiO 2 target was placed, and the inside of the apparatus was evacuated.
スパッタ装置を用いて、第2電極上に、無機膜12として50nmのSiO2膜を設けた。
A 50 nm SiO 2 film was provided as the
SiO2膜まで設けた基板を、再び窒素雰囲気に移し、有機ELパネル103と同様に、応力緩和層10A、10Bと配線部材8を設置した。さらに、密着封止を行い、有機ELパネル104を作製した。図8に、有機ELパネル104の断面図を示す。
The substrate provided with the SiO 2 film was moved again to the nitrogen atmosphere, and the
《有機ELパネル105の作製:比較例》
下記の方法に従って、図3に記載の構成からなる比較の有機ELパネル105を作製した。
<< Production of Organic EL Panel 105: Comparative Example >>
A comparative organic EL panel 105 having the configuration shown in FIG. 3 was produced according to the following method.
上記有機ELパネル101の作製と同様にして第2電極まで形成し、裁断まで行った。次いで、裁断した基板を、SiNのターゲットを配置した市販のスパッタ装置に移し、装置内を真空とした。スパッタ装置を用いて、第2電極上に200nmのSiN膜を設けた。 In the same manner as in the production of the organic EL panel 101, the second electrode was formed and was cut. Next, the cut substrate was transferred to a commercially available sputtering apparatus in which a SiN target was placed, and the inside of the apparatus was evacuated. A 200 nm SiN film was provided on the second electrode using a sputtering apparatus.
SiN膜まで設けた基板を大気中に取り出して、配線部材8を設置し、有機ELパネル105を作製した。
The substrate provided with the SiN film was taken out into the atmosphere, the
《有機ELパネルの評価》
上記作製した各有機ELパネルについて、下記の方法に従って耐久性及び駆動寿命の評価を行い、得られた結果を表1に示す。
<< Evaluation of organic EL panel >>
About each produced said organic electroluminescent panel, durability and a drive life were evaluated in accordance with the following method, and the obtained result is shown in Table 1.
〔耐久性の評価〕
作製した各有機ELパネルの保存前後での電圧の変化を測定して、耐久性の評価を行った。
[Evaluation of durability]
The change in voltage before and after storage of each of the produced organic EL panels was measured, and durability was evaluated.
作製した有機ELパネルについて、株式会社エーディーシー製の直流電圧・電流源/モニタR6243を用いて、2.5mA/cm2の電流を印加し、その時の電圧を測定した。次いで、各パネルを60℃、90%RHの高温高湿槽中に300時間保管し、保管後、保管前と同様の方法で電圧の測定を行い、保管前後での電圧を比較し、下記の基準に従って、耐久性を評価した。 About the produced organic electroluminescent panel, 2.5 mA / cm < 2 > current was applied using DC voltage / current source / monitor R6243 by ADC Corporation, and the voltage at that time was measured. Next, each panel was stored in a high-temperature and high-humidity tank at 60 ° C. and 90% RH for 300 hours. After storage, the voltage was measured in the same manner as before storage, and the voltage before and after storage was compared. Durability was evaluated according to standards.
○:保管前後で電圧の変化が、0.5V未満である
△:保管前後で電圧の変化が、0.5V以上、1.0V未満である
×:保管前後で電圧の変化が、1.0V以上である
〔駆動寿命の評価〕
作製した各有機ELパネルを、市販の定電流電源と、分光放射輝度計(コニカミノルタ製CS-2000)を組み合わせて作製した駆動寿命評価装置を用いて、下記の方法に従って駆動寿命の評価を行った。
○: Voltage change before and after storage is less than 0.5V Δ: Voltage change before and after storage is 0.5V or more and less than 1.0V ×: Voltage change before and after storage is 1.0V [Evaluation of drive life]
Using the drive life evaluation device prepared for each organic EL panel manufactured in combination with a commercially available constant current power supply and a spectral radiance meter (CS-2000 manufactured by Konica Minolta), the drive life was evaluated according to the following method. It was.
各有機EL素子に、10mA/cm2の電流を印加し、経時での輝度の変化を分光放射輝度計にて測定した。次いで、それぞれの有機ELパネルの輝度が、駆動直後の輝度の2分の1になった時間を半減寿命とし、有機ELパネル101の半減寿命を100としたときの各有機ELパネルの相対寿命を求め、これを駆動寿命の尺度とした。 A current of 10 mA / cm 2 was applied to each organic EL element, and the change in luminance over time was measured with a spectral radiance meter. Next, the relative lifetime of each organic EL panel when the luminance of each organic EL panel is half the lifetime immediately after driving is defined as the half-life and the half-life of the organic EL panel 101 is defined as 100. This was taken as a measure of the driving life.
表1に記載の結果より明らかな様に、本発明で規定する構成からなる有機ELパネルは、比較例に対し、耐久性及び駆動寿命に優れていることが分かる。 As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the organic EL panel having the configuration defined in the present invention is superior in durability and driving life to the comparative example.
実施例2
《有機光電変換パネル(有機薄膜太陽電池)201の作製》
実施例1に記載の有機ELパネル104の作製において、有機化合物層の形成を以下に示す様に変更した以外は同様にして、有機光電変換パネル201を作製した。
Example 2
<< Production of Organic Photoelectric Conversion Panel (Organic Thin Film Solar Cell) 201 >>
In the production of the organic EL panel 104 described in Example 1, an organic photoelectric conversion panel 201 was produced in the same manner except that the formation of the organic compound layer was changed as described below.
〔正孔輸送層の形成〕
準備したガスバリア性の可撓性フィルムの第1電極層上に、導電性高分子であるBaytron P4083(スタルクヴィテック社製)を膜厚が30nmになるように塗布乾燥した後、150℃で30分間熱処理させ正孔輸送層を製膜した。
(Formation of hole transport layer)
On the first electrode layer of the prepared gas barrier flexible film, Baytron P4083 (manufactured by Starck Vitec), which is a conductive polymer, is applied and dried so as to have a film thickness of 30 nm. A hole transport layer was formed by heat treatment for minutes.
〔光電変換層の形成〕
引き続き、正孔輸送層迄を形成したガスバリア性の可撓性フィルムの正孔輸送層上に、クロロベンゼンにP3HT(プレクトロニクス社製:レジオレギュラーポリ-3-ヘキシルチオフェン)とPCBM(フロンティアカーボン社製:6,6-フェニル-C61-ブチリックアシッドメチルエステル)を3.0質量%になるように1:0.8で混合して調製した光電変換層用塗布液を、フィルタでろ過しながら膜厚が100nmになるように塗布を行い、室温で放置して乾燥させた。続けて、150℃で15分間加熱処理を行い、光電変換層を製膜した。
[Formation of photoelectric conversion layer]
Subsequently, P3HT (manufactured by Prectronics: regioregular poly-3-hexylthiophene) and PCBM (manufactured by Frontier Carbon) are formed on the hole transport layer of the gas barrier flexible film formed up to the hole transport layer. : 6,6-phenyl-C 61 -butyric acid methyl ester) was mixed at 1: 0.8 so as to be 3.0% by mass, while filtering the coating solution for photoelectric conversion layer with a filter Coating was performed so that the film thickness was 100 nm, and the film was left to dry at room temperature. Subsequently, a heat treatment was performed at 150 ° C. for 15 minutes to form a photoelectric conversion layer.
〔電子輸送層の形成〕
化合物E-Bを10mg秤量し、テトラフルオロプロピルアルコール(TFPO):ブタノール=1:1の混合溶媒0.5mlに溶解させた液を調製し、膜厚20nmになるように塗布を行い、乾燥して電子輸送層を成膜した。
(Formation of electron transport layer)
Weigh 10 mg of Compound EB, prepare a solution in 0.5 ml of a mixed solvent of tetrafluoropropyl alcohol (TFPO): butanol = 1: 1, apply to a film thickness of 20 nm, and dry. An electron transport layer was formed.
〔第2電極の形成〕
引き続き、形成された電子注入層上の第1電極上の取り出し電極の形成部分を除いた領域に、5×10-4Paの真空下にて第2電極形成材料としてアルミニウムを使用し、取り出し電極を有するように蒸着法にて、受光面積が50mm平方になるようにマスクパターン成膜し、厚さ100nmの第2電極を積層して、有機光電変換パネル(有機薄膜太陽電池)を作製した。
[Formation of second electrode]
Subsequently, aluminum is used as the second electrode forming material under a vacuum of 5 × 10 −4 Pa in the region excluding the formation portion of the extraction electrode on the first electrode on the formed electron injection layer, and the extraction electrode The organic photoelectric conversion panel (organic thin-film solar cell) was produced by depositing a mask pattern by a vapor deposition method so that the light receiving area was 50 mm square and laminating a second electrode having a thickness of 100 nm.
《有機光電変換パネル(有機薄膜太陽電池)の評価》
上記作製した有機光電変換パネル(有機薄膜太陽電池)201について、定法に従って、発電性の評価を行った結果、良好な結果を示した。
<< Evaluation of organic photoelectric conversion panel (organic thin film solar cell) >>
About the produced organic photoelectric conversion panel (organic thin film solar cell) 201, as a result of evaluating power generation according to a conventional method, a favorable result was shown.
1 有機エレクトロニクスパネル
2 支持基板
3 第1電極
4 第2電極
5 有機化合物層
6 引き出し用電極
7 導電性接着剤
8 配線部材
9 封止部材
10、10A、10B 応力緩和層
11 封止用接着剤
E 発光領域
L 封止しろ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1
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| WO2013004746A1 (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-01-10 | Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives | Photodiode device containing a capacitor for controlling dark current or leakage current |
| JP2014044972A (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-03-13 | Konica Minolta Inc | Organic electroluminescent element, display device, lighting device, and method of manufacturing organic electroluminescent element |
| WO2014057678A1 (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-17 | パナソニック株式会社 | Organic electroluminescent element and illuminating apparatus |
| WO2014073284A1 (en) * | 2012-11-06 | 2014-05-15 | 日東電工株式会社 | Organic el element |
| WO2014076912A1 (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-05-22 | パナソニック株式会社 | Organic electroluminescent element and lighting device |
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