WO2011052167A1 - 渦電流式減速装置 - Google Patents
渦電流式減速装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011052167A1 WO2011052167A1 PCT/JP2010/006252 JP2010006252W WO2011052167A1 WO 2011052167 A1 WO2011052167 A1 WO 2011052167A1 JP 2010006252 W JP2010006252 W JP 2010006252W WO 2011052167 A1 WO2011052167 A1 WO 2011052167A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- brake
- braking
- rotating
- rotor shaft
- actuator
- Prior art date
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- Ceased
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/02—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the asynchronous induction type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/102—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction brakes
- H02K7/1021—Magnetically influenced friction brakes
- H02K7/1023—Magnetically influenced friction brakes using electromagnets
- H02K7/1025—Magnetically influenced friction brakes using electromagnets using axial electromagnets with generally annular air gap
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
- F16D55/02—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members
- F16D55/22—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads
- F16D55/224—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members
- F16D55/225—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads with a common actuating member for the braking members the braking members being brake pads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
- F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
- F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
- F16D65/183—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes with force-transmitting members arranged side by side acting on a spot type force-applying member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H19/00—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion
- F16H19/02—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion
- F16H19/025—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for interconverting rotary or oscillating motion and reciprocating motion comprising a friction shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
- F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
- F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
- F16H25/22—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members
- F16H25/2247—Screw mechanisms with balls, rollers, or similar members between the co-operating parts; Elements essential to the use of such members with rollers
- F16H25/2252—Planetary rollers between nut and screw
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/02—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the asynchronous induction type
- H02K49/04—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the asynchronous induction type of the eddy-current hysteresis type
- H02K49/046—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the asynchronous induction type of the eddy-current hysteresis type with an axial airgap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
- H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
- F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
- F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
- F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
- F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
- F16D2125/40—Screw-and-nut
- F16D2125/405—Screw-and-nut with differential thread
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
- F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
- F16D2125/44—Mechanical mechanisms transmitting rotation
- F16D2125/46—Rotating members in mutual engagement
- F16D2125/50—Rotating members in mutual engagement with parallel non-stationary axes, e.g. planetary gearing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an eddy current type speed reducer using a permanent magnet, and more particularly to an eddy current type speed reducer suitable for small and medium-sized buses and trucks that do not have a compressed air tank or the like.
- the speed reducer In order to generate a magnetic field that generates a braking force, the speed reducer is roughly divided into a system using an electromagnet and a system using a permanent magnet. Recently, a permanent magnet system that does not require energization during braking is mainly used. It has become.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a general configuration of a permanent magnet type reduction device introduced into a large vehicle.
- a drum-shaped rotor is fixed as a braking member to a rotating shaft such as a propeller shaft, and a ring member having a plurality of permanent magnets is disposed inside the rotor, and the ring Switching between braking and non-braking is performed by moving the member to a predetermined position.
- a large vehicle is equipped with a compressed air tank for storing compressed air because compressed air is used as a power source for driving various equipment.
- compressed air is used as a power source for driving various equipment.
- a compressed air from a compressed air tank is used as a power source as a driving device that moves a ring member that holds a permanent magnet.
- a pneumatic actuator is used.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 propose a reduction gear that switches between braking and non-braking without moving a ring member provided with a permanent magnet.
- the speed reducer proposed in the same document has a drum-shaped rotor fixed to a rotating shaft as a braking member, and a support ring in which a plurality of permanent magnets are fixed to the outer peripheral surface inside the rotor.
- the brake disc is attached to the support ring, and a switch brake is provided for the brake disc.
- the switch brake is not operated during non-braking, and the support ring moves between the permanent magnet and the rotor as the rotor rotates together with the rotating shaft. Due to the magnetic attraction action, it rotates integrally with the rotor and no braking force is generated.
- the actuator constituting the switch brake is operated to press the brake pad against the brake disc rotating integrally with the support ring, and stop the rotation of the support ring.
- an eddy current is generated on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating rotor by the action of the magnetic field from the permanent magnet in the stopped support ring, and a braking force is generated in the rotor.
- the reduction gears proposed in Patent Documents 2 and 3 employ a disk brake as a switch brake for switching between braking and non-braking, so that the stroke of the actuator can be reduced and the reduction gear can be expected to be downsized.
- the switch brake is required to have a performance capable of outputting a torque larger than the braking force due to the eddy current and capable of quickly stopping the rotation of the support ring.
- a fluid pressure actuator using oil or compressed air as a power source is employed as an actuator constituting the switch brake in order to meet the demand.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, can be downsized, and can be introduced even in small and medium-sized buses and trucks that are not particularly equipped with a compressed air tank or the like.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a simple eddy current type speed reducer.
- the present inventors have attempted to achieve both reduction in size and introduction into a small and medium-sized vehicle that does not have a compressed air tank or the like.
- the present inventors have found that it is effective to employ a brake disc using an electric linear actuator as a switch brake for switching between braking and non-braking, and completed the present invention.
- the eddy current reduction device of the present invention includes a braking disk fixed to a rotating shaft of a vehicle, a permanent magnet in which magnetic poles are alternately arranged in a circumferential direction so as to face the main surface of the braking disk, A rotating member that holds a permanent magnet and has a switch brake disk and is rotatably supported by the rotating shaft, and a brake pad that sandwiches the switch brake disk, are fixed to a non-rotating portion of the vehicle.
- a switch brake caliper and an electric linear actuator that converts the rotational motion of the electric motor into linear motion to drive the brake pad linearly are provided.
- the electric linear actuator is between an outer peripheral surface of a rotor shaft that rotates integrally with a main shaft of the electric motor and an inner peripheral surface of an outer ring member that concentrically surrounds the rotor shaft.
- a plurality of planetary rollers, and each planetary roller revolves while rotating around the rotor shaft as the rotor shaft rotates, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor shaft or the inner periphery of the outer ring member
- a spiral ridge is provided on the surface, and the outer circumferential surface of each planetary roller has a circumferential groove in which the spiral ridge meshes with the same pitch as the spiral ridge, or the lead angle differs with the pitch equal to the spiral ridge.
- Each of the planetary rollers moves in the axial direction while rotating around the rotor shaft as the rotor shaft rotates, and moves in the axial direction along with the rotation of the rotor shaft. It is preferable to adopt a configuration which linearly drive the brake pad with the movement.
- the switch brake caliper is fixed to a non-rotating portion of the vehicle via a cushioning material.
- the disc brake is adopted as the switch brake for switching between braking and non-braking, the stroke of the actuator used to drive the disc brake can be reduced, and the device can be made compact. Can be realized.
- the speed reduction device of the present invention uses an electric linear motion actuator that uses current as a power source for switching between braking and non-braking, it is easy even for a small and medium-sized vehicle that does not include a compressed air tank or the like. Can be introduced.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration example of an eddy current type speed reducer according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a configuration example of an electric linear actuator suitable for the eddy current reduction device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A is a longitudinal sectional view
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a structural mitigation measure against an impact caused by a switch brake.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another example of a structural mitigation measure against an impact caused by a switch brake.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing still another example of a structural mitigation measure against an impact caused by a switch brake.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration example of an eddy current type speed reducer according to the present invention.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a configuration example of an electric linear actuator suitable for the eddy current reduction device of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a time chart for explaining an example of a control mitigation measure against an impact caused by a switch brake when the actuator has a holding function.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the correlation between the rotational speed difference between the braking disk and the rotating member and the torque in order to grasp the proper pressing force of the actuator.
- FIG. 8 is a time chart for explaining an example of a control mitigation measure against an impact caused by a switch brake when the actuator does not have a holding function.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration example of an eddy current reduction device of the present invention.
- the eddy current type speed reducer of the present invention is of a permanent magnet type.
- the brake disk 1, the rotating member 3 holding the permanent magnet 5 and having the switch brake disk 6, and the switch brake A switch brake caliper 7 having brake pads 8a and 8b sandwiching the disk 6 therebetween, and an electric linear actuator 9 for driving the switch brake caliper 7 are provided.
- the braking disk 1 is a rotor as a braking member, and is configured to rotate integrally with a rotating shaft 11 such as a propeller shaft.
- the connecting shaft 12 is fixed coaxially with the rotating shaft 11 by a bolt or the like, and a sleeve 13 with a flange is inserted into the connecting shaft 12 while being engaged with the spline 12 and fixed with a nut 14.
- the brake disc 1 is fixed to the flange of the sleeve 13 integrated with the rotating shaft 11 with a bolt or the like, and thereby rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 11.
- Radiating fins 2 are provided on the outer periphery of the brake disk 1.
- the heat dissipating fins 2 are formed integrally with the brake disc 1.
- the brake disk 1 can be made of a ferromagnetic material such as iron or a weak magnetic material such as ferritic stainless steel.
- the rotating member 3 is a stator for generating a braking force on the braking disk 1 as a rotor, and is configured to be rotatable with respect to the rotating shaft 11.
- the rotating member 3 is an annular member that is concentric with the connecting shaft 12 and is supported by a sleeve 13 integrated with the rotating shaft 11 via bearings 15 a and 15 b. However, it can rotate freely.
- the bearings 15 a and 15 b are filled with lubricating grease, and the lubricating grease is prevented from leaking by ring-shaped seal members 16 a and 16 b attached to the front and rear ends of the rotating member 3.
- the rotating member 3 has a magnet holding disk 4 that faces the main surface of the brake disk 1 and holds the permanent magnet 5.
- the magnet holding disk 4 may be integrally formed with the rotating member 3 or may be individually molded and fixed to the rotating member 3 with a bolt or the like.
- a plurality of permanent magnets 5 are fixed to the magnet holding disk 4 in the circumferential direction on the surface facing the main surface of the brake disk 1.
- the permanent magnets 5 are arranged such that adjacent magnetic poles (N poles and S poles) are alternately different.
- the rotating member 3 has a switch brake disk 6 behind the magnet holding disk 4.
- the switch brake disc 6 is attached to the rotating member 3 with a bolt or the like, and is integrated with the rotating member 3.
- the switch brake caliper 7 has a pair of brake pads 8a and 8b at the front and rear, and a spring is mounted in a state in which the switch brake disc 6 is disposed between the brake pads 8a and 8b with a predetermined gap therebetween.
- the bracket 17 is urged and supported by a bolt or the like. As will be described later in detail, the bracket 17 is attached to a non-rotating portion such as a vehicle chassis or a cross member.
- bracket 17 shown in FIG. 1 surrounds the rotating member 3 behind the switch brake disc 6 and is rotatably supported by the rotating member 3 via a bearing 18.
- the bearing 18 is also filled with lubricating grease, and leakage of the lubricating grease is prevented by ring-shaped seal members 19a and 19b attached to the front and rear ends of the bracket 17.
- the electric brake actuator 9 is fixed to the switch brake caliper 7 with a bolt or the like.
- the electric linear actuator 9 uses a current supplied to the electric motor 10 as a power source.
- the electric linear actuator 9 converts the rotational motion of the electric motor 10 into a linear motion and directs the rear brake pad 8b toward the switch brake disc 6 so as to be a straight line. Drive.
- the rear brake pad 8b presses the switch brake disc 6, and the action of the reaction force associated therewith moves the front brake pad 8a toward the switch brake disc 6.
- the switch brake disc 6 is The front and rear brake pads 8a and 8b can be strongly sandwiched.
- the electric linear actuator 9 is not operated without energizing the electric motor 10 during non-braking.
- the rotating member 3 performs braking by the magnetic attraction between the permanent magnet 5 and the brake disk 1 held by the magnet holding disk 4 integrated therewith. Synchronously with the disk 1, it rotates integrally.
- a relative rotational speed difference does not occur between the braking disk 1 as a rotor and the permanent magnet 5 in the rotating member 3 as a stator, so that no braking force is generated.
- the electric motor 10 is energized to operate the electric linear actuator 9.
- the switch brake disk 6 rotating integrally with the rotating member 3 is sandwiched between the brake pads 8a and 8b, and the rotation of the rotating member 3 can be stopped quickly. If only the rotating member 3 stops while the braking disk 1 is rotating, a relative rotational speed difference is generated between the braking disk 1 that is a rotor and the permanent magnet 5 in the rotating member 3 that is a stator. Due to the action of the magnetic field from the permanent magnet 5, an eddy current is generated on the main surface of the braking disk 1, and a braking force can be generated on the rotary shaft 11 via the braking disk 1.
- the speed reducer of the present invention employs a disk brake as a switch brake that switches between braking and non-braking, the stroke of the actuator used to drive the disk brake can be reduced, and the size of the speed reducer can be reduced. Can be realized.
- the speed reduction device of the present invention uses an electric linear motion actuator that uses current as a power source for switching between braking and non-braking, it is easy even for a small and medium-sized vehicle that does not include a compressed air tank or the like. Can be introduced.
- the permanent magnet is fixed to the surface of the magnet holding disk integral with the rotating member that faces the main surface of the brake disk.
- the permanent magnet can be easily manufactured and the cost can be reduced. This is because the permanent magnet used in the conventional speed reducer needs to be processed into a curved shape along the outer peripheral surface of the support ring, but the permanent magnet used in the speed reducer of the present invention has a planar shape that can be easily processed. .
- a ball screw mechanism or a ball ramp mechanism can be adopted as an electric linear motion actuator that switches between braking and non-braking.
- An electric linear actuator of a ball screw mechanism or a ball ramp mechanism converts a rotary motion of an electric motor into a linear motion by a motion conversion mechanism that moves a ball along a threaded rod having a lead or an inclined cam surface.
- an electric linear actuator such as a ball screw mechanism has a function of increasing the driving force of the linear motion to some extent, but cannot sufficiently secure a power increasing function to stop the rotation of the switch brake disk, that is, the rotating member quickly.
- the lead angle of the screw and the inclination angle of the cam surface can be reduced.
- the lead angle of the screw if the lead angle of the screw is reduced, the ball diameter becomes smaller and the load capacity decreases. .
- the ball ramp mechanism if the inclination angle of the cam surface is reduced, a sufficient stroke for linear motion cannot be ensured.
- an electric linear actuator that can sufficiently ensure a function of increasing the driving force of linear motion.
- an electric linear actuator of a planetary roller mechanism it is preferable to employ an electric linear actuator of a planetary roller mechanism.
- FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a configuration example of an electric linear actuator suitable for the eddy current reduction device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2A is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. AA cross-sectional view of FIG.
- the electric linear actuator 9 is configured with a cylindrical casing 21 at the outer periphery thereof, and an electric motor 10 is attached to the rear end thereof.
- the casing 21 is fixed to the switch brake caliper 7 shown in FIG.
- a cylindrical outer ring member 22 is fitted in the casing 21, and a rotor shaft 24 corresponding to the main shaft of the electric motor 10 is disposed at the center thereof.
- the rotor shaft 24 may be formed separately from the main shaft of the electric motor 10 and connected to the main shaft.
- a plurality of cylindrical planetary rollers 25 are arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the rotor shaft 24 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring member 22.
- FIG. 2 shows an example in which four planetary rollers 25 are arranged.
- Each planetary roller 25 is configured to revolve while rotating around the rotor shaft 24 as the rotor shaft 24 rotates in accordance with the output of the electric motor 10. Specifically, a carrier member 27 with a flange is inserted into the rotor shaft 24 in front of the planetary roller 25. The carrier member 27 rotates with the rotor shaft 24 and moves in the axial direction of the rotor shaft 24. Is acceptable. Each planetary roller 25 is inserted with a support shaft 28 that passes through the flange of the carrier member 27 and is supported by the carrier member 27, and each planetary roller 25 is inserted into each support shaft 28 via a needle roller bearing 29. While being supported rotatably, the carrier member 27 is also rotatably supported by a thrust ball bearing 30 disposed between the carrier member 27 and the flange.
- each planetary roller 25 is configured to move in the axial direction as it revolves around the rotor shaft 24 while rotating.
- two spiral grooves are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring member 22 to which the planetary rollers 25 are in rolling contact, and a square member having a rectangular cross section is circumferentially attached to each spiral groove.
- two spiral ridges 23 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring member 22.
- a single spiral groove 26 having a trapezoidal cross section with a different lead angle is provided at the same pitch as the spiral protrusions 23 of the outer ring member 22.
- each planetary roller 25 moves in the axial direction in a process in which the spiral groove 26 meshes with the spiral ridge 23 of the outer ring member 22 and revolves while rotating as the rotor shaft 24 rotates. It becomes possible to exercise.
- the linear movement amount of the planetary roller 25 with respect to the rotation amount of the rotor shaft 24 is determined by the difference in the lead angle between the spiral ridge 23 and the spiral groove 26, and the linearity of the planetary roller 25 decreases as the difference in the lead angle decreases.
- the amount of movement is reduced, and as a result, the deceleration rate of the linear motion is increased and the driving force of the linear motion can be increased.
- each planetary roller 25 the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring member 22 to which each planetary roller 25 rolls and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor shaft 24 are subjected to surface hardening treatment to ensure wear resistance.
- the rolling contact surface is filled with lubricating grease.
- the inside of the casing 21 is sealed with a flexible boot 33 mounted in a gap between the outer periphery of the linear drive member 31 and the outer ring member 22, and the inside of the linear drive member 31 through which the rotor shaft 24 passes is It is sealed with a membrane seal 34.
- the spiral protrusions 23 of the outer ring member 22 are two and the spiral groove 26 of the planetary roller 25 is one. This is because the degree of freedom in setting the difference between the lead angles can be increased. However, the number of these strips can be arbitrarily set according to the difference in the lead angle set between the two as long as the pitch between the two is equal and the two mesh with each other.
- the spiral protrusions 23 are provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring member 22 corresponding to the spiral groove 26 of the planetary roller 25. It can also change into the structure which provides a spiral protrusion on a surface.
- the spiral groove 26 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the planetary roller 25.
- the spiral groove 26 instead of the spiral groove 26, the circumference meshed with the spiral ridge 23 at the same pitch. It can also be set as the structure which provides a groove
- a disc brake is used as a switch brake for switching between braking and non-braking, and this switch brake has excellent responsiveness as a brake as an auxiliary brake.
- a function for quickly switching from the non-braking state to the braking state is required.
- the switch brake unlike the disc brake used in the main brake, stops the rotation in a few seconds without locking the rotation of the tire. Even if the rotation of the rotating member is long, it is stopped instantaneously for about 1 second.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a structural mitigation measure against an impact caused by a switch brake.
- the brake pads 8a and 8b of the switch brake caliper are displayed in a state in which the speed reduction device is viewed in the axial direction from the front, and the switch brake disc of the rotating member (stator) is arranged in relation to the brake pads 8a and 8b. 6 is indicated by a dotted line, and the rotation direction is indicated by an arrow. The same applies to FIGS. 4 and 5 described later.
- each arm portion 41 protrude from the left and right side portions, respectively.
- Each arm portion 41 is fixed to a cross member 42 integral with the vehicle chassis by fastening with a bolt 45 and a nut 46 via a shock mount bush 43 and a washer 44.
- the shock mount bush 43 is an elastic material such as rubber or urethane.
- the impact generated when the switch brake disk 6 (rotating member) stops during braking is absorbed by the elastic deformation of the shock mount bush 43 and can be mitigated.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another example of a structural mitigation measure against an impact caused by a switch brake
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing still another example thereof.
- the arm part 51 projects from the one side part of the left and right side parts of the bracket 17.
- the arm part 51 is fixed to a stay 52 provided in the vehicle chassis.
- a shock absorber 54 with a return function is attached to the stay 52, and the arm portion 51 is in contact with the tip of the shock absorber 54 and is addressed with a hook-shaped protrusion 53 protruding from the stay 52.
- the shock absorber 54 may be an orifice type or a silicon rubber built-in type.
- the arm 51 has a coil spring 55 disposed between the arm 51 and the stay 52, and is fixed to the stay 52 by fastening with a bolt 56 and a nut 57.
- the holding function of the actuator means that the actuator operates by applying an electric current to the electric motor during braking, and the brake pad advances by a linear motion to generate a pressing force on the switch brake disc. This is a function that maintains the position of the brake pad and maintains its pressing force.
- the brake pad is moved backward in a reverse direction by applying a current of opposite polarity to the electric motor, and the pressing force is released.
- the brake pad is naturally retracted by the reaction force of the pressing force, and the pressing force is released.
- the holding function of the actuator is manifested when the difference in the lead angle between the spiral ridge 23 and the spiral groove 26 is set as small as 0.3 ° or less.
- an actuator of a ball screw mechanism or a ball ramp mechanism if the screw lead angle or the cam surface inclination angle is set small, a holding function appears.
- the actuator shown in FIG. 2 has a holding function because it sets the difference in the lead angle between the spiral ridge 23 and the spiral groove 26 to increase the driving force of linear motion.
- the impact mitigation measures for controlling the electric motor will be described separately for the case where the actuator has a holding function and the case where the actuator does not have a holding function.
- FIG. 6 is a time chart for explaining an example of a control mitigation measure against an impact caused by a switch brake when the actuator has a holding function.
- FIG. The rotation speed of (stator), (b) shows the value of current applied to the electric motor, (c) shows the pressing force of the actuator, and (d) shows the braking force.
- the pressing force After the pressing force reaches a predetermined pressing force P, the current application to the electric motor is stopped as shown by the solid line in FIG. At this time, since the actuator has a holding function, the pressing force of the actuator is maintained as it is, as indicated by a solid line in FIG. Along with this, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 6A, the rotational speed of the rotating member further decreases, and finally the rotating member stops as indicated by point c in FIG. 6A. A braking force is continuously generated on the brake disk due to a difference in rotational speed with the stopped rotating member.
- the pressing force of the actuator that can rapidly reduce the rotation speed of the rotating member and at the same time moderate the change in the rotation decreasing speed immediately before the rotating member stops is the rotating member at the time of braking switching.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the correlation between the rotational speed difference between the braking disk and the rotating member and the torque in order to grasp the proper pressing force of the actuator.
- the rotational speed difference between the braking disk (rotor) and the rotating member (stator) shown in the figure also corresponds to the rotating speed of the rotating member at the time of braking switching.
- the braking torque based on the braking force generated in the braking disk increases as the relative rotational speed difference between the braking disk and the rotating member increases, and the rotational speed difference is increased. When it becomes large to some extent, it becomes saturated and becomes almost constant.
- the switch brake torque generated by the pressing force of the actuator requires at least a torque exceeding the braking torque, and is further based on the inertia force generated by the rotation speed of the rotating member at the time of braking switching. Torque plus inertia torque is required. However, if the switch brake torque is too large, an excessive impact is generated as the rotating member stops.
- the switch brake torque is 120% or more of the braking torque based on the braking torque generated corresponding to the rotational speed of the rotating member at the time of braking switching, as indicated by the hatched area in FIG. It is preferable to be within the range of 150% or less.
- An appropriate pressing force of the actuator generates a switch brake torque within the range, and an applied current value to the electric motor is set corresponding to the pressing force.
- FIG. 8 is a time chart for explaining an example of a control mitigation measure against an impact caused by a switch brake when the actuator does not have a holding function.
- FIG. The rotation speed of the (stator) FIG. 5B shows the current value applied to the electric motor, FIG. 5C shows the pressing force of the actuator, and FIG. 4D shows the braking force.
- the control when the actuator does not have a holding function differs from the case where the actuator has the holding function described above in the following points.
- FIG. 8B When a predetermined time has elapsed as shown by a point b in FIG. 8A after applying a current with a predetermined current value I to the electric motor at a point shown in FIG. 8A, it is shown in FIG. 8B. As described above, the value of the electric current applied to the electric motor is lowered. Thereby, since the actuator does not have a holding function, the pressing force of the actuator is lowered as shown in FIG. Along with this, as shown in FIG. 8A, the change in the rotation reduction speed of the rotating member becomes gradual, and the rotating member stops at the point c in FIG.
- the applied current value I at the time of braking switching can be set larger than in the control shown in FIG.
- the applied current value to the electric motor is reduced at the point b shown in FIG. 8A, the applied current value is reduced when the rotational speed of the rotating member is reduced to a predetermined rotational speed instead of the passage of time. You may go.
- the eddy current type reduction gear of the present invention it is possible to reduce the size of the device, and it is possible to easily introduce even a small and medium-sized vehicle not particularly equipped with a compressed air tank or the like. . Therefore, the eddy current type speed reducer of the present invention is extremely useful as an auxiliary brake for any vehicle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の渦電流式減速装置の構成例を示す縦断面図である。本発明の渦電流式減速装置は、永久磁石方式のものであり、同図に示すように、制動ディスク1と、永久磁石5を保持するとともにスイッチブレーキディスク6を有する回転部材3と、スイッチブレーキディスク6を間に挟むブレーキパッド8a、8bを有するスイッチブレーキキャリパ7と、スイッチブレーキキャリパ7を駆動させる電動式直動アクチュエータ9とを備える。
本発明の減速装置においては、制動と非制動を切替える電動式直動アクチュエータとして、ボールねじ機構やボールランプ機構のものを採用することができる。ボールねじ機構やボールランプ機構の電動式直動アクチュエータは、リードを有するねじ筋や傾斜カム面にボールを沿わせる運動変換機構により、電動モータの回転運動を直線運動に変換するものである。
本発明の減速装置では、上述の通り、制動と非制動を切替えるスイッチブレーキにディスクブレーキを採用し、このスイッチブレーキには、優れた応答性で補助ブレーキとしての制動力を発生させるために、非制動状態から制動状態に速やかに切替える機能が要求される。この要求から、スイッチブレーキは、主ブレーキで用いられるディスクブレーキのようにタイヤの回転をロックさせることなく数秒間でその回転を停止させるものとは異なり、スイッチブレーキディスクをブレーキパッドで強力に挟み込み、回転部材の回転を長くても1秒程度の瞬時に停止させる。
図3は、スイッチブレーキによる衝撃に対する構造上の緩和策の一例を示す模式図である。同図では、減速装置を前方から軸方向視した状態において、スイッチブレーキキャリパのブレーキパッド8a、8bを表示し、このブレーキパッド8a、8bとの配置関係で、回転部材(ステータ)のスイッチブレーキディスク6を点線で示すとともに、その回転方向を矢印で示している。後述する図4および図5でも同様に示す。
スイッチブレーキによる回転部材(ステータ)の停止に伴って生じる衝撃を緩和するには、回転部材が停止する直前で、その回転速度の急激な低下を緩め、回転速度の時間的変化を抑えることが有効である。これは、電動モータに印加する電流を制御することにより実現することが可能である。この電動モータの電流制御の方法は、電動式直動アクチュエータに保持機能があるか否かによって若干異なる。
図6は、アクチュエータに保持機能がある場合のスイッチブレーキによる衝撃に対する制御上の緩和策の一例を説明するタイムチャートであり、同図(a)は回転部材(ステータ)の回転速度、同図(b)は電動モータへの印加電流値、同図(c)はアクチュエータの押圧力、同図(d)は制動力をそれぞれ示している。
図8は、アクチュエータに保持機能がない場合のスイッチブレーキによる衝撃に対する制御上の緩和策の一例を説明するタイムチャートであり、同図(a)は回転部材(ステータ)の回転速度、同図(b)は電動モータへの印加電流値、同図(c)はアクチュエータの押圧力、同図(d)は制動力をそれぞれ示している。
4:磁石保持ディスク、 5:永久磁石、
6:スイッチブレーキディスク、 7:スイッチブレーキキャリパ、
8a、8b:ブレーキパッド、 9:電動式直動アクチュエータ、
10:電動モータ、 11:回転軸、 12:連結軸、
13:スリーブ、 14:ナット、 15a、15b:軸受、
16a、16b:シール部材、 17:ブラケット、
18:軸受、 19a、19b:シール部材、
21:ケーシング、 22:外輪部材、 23:螺旋凸条、
24:ロータ軸、 25:遊星ローラ、 26:螺旋溝、
27:キャリア部材、 28:支持軸、 29:針状ころ軸受、
30:スラスト玉軸受、 31:直線駆動部材、
32:スラスト玉軸受、 33:ブーツ、 34:膜状シール、
41:アーム部、 42:クロスメンバー、
43:ショックマウントブッシュ、 44:座金、
45:ボルト、 46:ナット、 51:アーム部、
52:ステイ、 53:突片、 54:ショックアブソーバ、
55:コイルばね、 56:ボルト、 57:ナット
Claims (3)
- 車両の回転軸に固定される制動ディスクと、
前記制動ディスクの主面に対向して円周方向にわたり磁極が交互に異なって配置される永久磁石と、
前記永久磁石を保持するととともにスイッチブレーキディスクを有し、前記回転軸に回転可能に支持される回転部材と、
前記スイッチブレーキディスクを間に挟むブレーキパッドを有し、車両の非回転部に固定されるスイッチブレーキキャリパと、
電動モータの回転運動を直線運動に変換して前記ブレーキパッドを直線駆動させる電動式直動アクチュエータと、を備えたことを特徴とする渦電流式減速装置。 - 前記電動式直動アクチュエータは、前記電動モータの主軸と一体で回転するロータ軸の外周面と、前記ロータ軸を同心状に包囲する外輪部材の内周面と、の間に複数の遊星ローラを介在させ、前記ロータ軸の回転に伴って前記各遊星ローラが前記ロータ軸の周りを自転しながら公転する構成であり、前記ロータ軸の外周面または前記外輪部材の内周面に螺旋凸条を設けるとともに、前記各遊星ローラの外周面に、前記螺旋凸条と等しいピッチで前記螺旋凸条が噛み合う円周溝、または前記螺旋凸条と等しいピッチでリード角が異なり前記螺旋凸条が噛み合う螺旋溝を設けて成り、
前記各遊星ローラが前記ロータ軸の回転に伴って前記ロータ軸の周りを自転しながら公転しつつ軸方向に移動し、前記各遊星ローラの軸方向移動に伴って前記ブレーキパッドを直線駆動させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の渦電流式減速装置。 - 前記スイッチブレーキキャリパが車両の非回転部に対し緩衝材を介して固定されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の渦電流式減速装置。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP10826304.7A EP2495852B1 (en) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-22 | Eddy-current brake |
| CN201080004528.6A CN102282747B (zh) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-22 | 涡流式减速装置 |
| KR1020117014914A KR101251083B1 (ko) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-22 | 와전류식 감속 장치 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009247732A JP5428757B2 (ja) | 2009-10-28 | 2009-10-28 | 渦電流式減速装置 |
| JP2009-247732 | 2009-10-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2011052167A1 true WO2011052167A1 (ja) | 2011-05-05 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2010/006252 Ceased WO2011052167A1 (ja) | 2009-10-28 | 2010-10-22 | 渦電流式減速装置 |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2495852B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5428757B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101251083B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102282747B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2011052167A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9933032B2 (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2018-04-03 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Eddy-current retarding device |
| JP5757368B2 (ja) | 2012-08-13 | 2015-07-29 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 流体式減速装置 |
| CN103057428B (zh) * | 2013-01-11 | 2015-03-25 | 扬州安行机电科技有限公司 | 变速箱前置式双凸极液冷电涡流缓速器 |
| JP6197727B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-28 | 2017-09-20 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 渦電流式減速装置 |
| CN103986306B (zh) * | 2014-05-22 | 2017-08-01 | 南京迪瓦机械制造有限公司 | 一种智能可调永磁柔性耦合调速器 |
| JP2023173440A (ja) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-12-07 | 多摩川精機株式会社 | ブレーキ装置 |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04331456A (ja) * | 1991-04-27 | 1992-11-19 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 渦電流式減速装置 |
| JPH0580178U (ja) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-29 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 渦電流式減速装置 |
| JP2006340428A (ja) * | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-14 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 渦電流式減速装置 |
| JP2007037305A (ja) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-08 | Ntn Corp | 電動式直動アクチュエータおよび電動式ブレーキ装置 |
| JP2008039169A (ja) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-21 | Ntn Corp | 電動式直動アクチュエータおよび電動式ブレーキ装置 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050146213A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2005-07-07 | Kenji Imanishi | Eddy current speed reducer |
| JP4898123B2 (ja) * | 2005-01-13 | 2012-03-14 | Ntn株式会社 | 電動式直動アクチュエータおよび電動式ブレーキ装置 |
| JP2008312436A (ja) * | 2007-05-15 | 2008-12-25 | Ntn Corp | 電動式直動アクチュエータおよび電動ブレーキ装置 |
| JP5613412B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-28 | 2014-10-22 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | 渦電流式減速装置 |
-
2009
- 2009-10-28 JP JP2009247732A patent/JP5428757B2/ja active Active
-
2010
- 2010-10-22 CN CN201080004528.6A patent/CN102282747B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-10-22 WO PCT/JP2010/006252 patent/WO2011052167A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2010-10-22 EP EP10826304.7A patent/EP2495852B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-10-22 KR KR1020117014914A patent/KR101251083B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04331456A (ja) * | 1991-04-27 | 1992-11-19 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | 渦電流式減速装置 |
| JPH0580178U (ja) * | 1992-03-30 | 1993-10-29 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 渦電流式減速装置 |
| JP2006340428A (ja) * | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-14 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | 渦電流式減速装置 |
| JP2007037305A (ja) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-08 | Ntn Corp | 電動式直動アクチュエータおよび電動式ブレーキ装置 |
| JP2008039169A (ja) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-21 | Ntn Corp | 電動式直動アクチュエータおよび電動式ブレーキ装置 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102282747A (zh) | 2011-12-14 |
| EP2495852A1 (en) | 2012-09-05 |
| EP2495852A4 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| EP2495852B1 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
| JP5428757B2 (ja) | 2014-02-26 |
| CN102282747B (zh) | 2014-03-12 |
| JP2011097696A (ja) | 2011-05-12 |
| KR101251083B1 (ko) | 2013-04-05 |
| KR20110091031A (ko) | 2011-08-10 |
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