WO2011042780A1 - Electric power supply system - Google Patents

Abstract

An electric power supply system is equipped with: an electric power line which supplies electric power from an electricity supply to a load; an electric power regulation means which is disposed at an intermediate position in the electric power line and which only allows electric power transmission from the electricity supply side to the load side; and an emergency electricity supply which is connected between the electric power regulation means and the load, and which supplies electric power to the load via the electric power line if the supply of electric power from the electricity supply is interrupted.

Description

 Specification Power Supply System Technical Field

 The present invention relates to a power supply system provided with an emergency power supply. Background art

 Conventionally, as described in Patent Document 1, for example, a power supply system including an emergency power supply that can be charged and discharged has been widely known. In this power supply system, when a general-purpose power supply such as a commercial AC power supply fails, power is supplied to various devices that become loads by discharging from an emergency power supply such as a storage battery.

 [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 9-1 5 9 7 3 0

 By the way, the power supply system described in Patent Document 1 has a configuration in which a distribution path is branched into a plurality of parts in order to individually supply power from a general-purpose power source to a plurality of devices serving as loads. The storage battery (emergency power supply) is connected to a position on the general-purpose power supply side of the branch point in the distribution path. For this reason, in this power supply system, when a general-purpose power supply fails, power is supplied from the storage battery to devices that are unlikely to be operated in the event of a power failure. Wasted power was wasted. Therefore, there is a problem that it is not possible to continuously supply power from the storage battery during a power outage to a device that needs to be operated even during a power outage. Summary of the Invention

 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and continuously supplies power from an emergency power source to a desired load among a plurality of loads in an emergency in which power supply is interrupted. Provided is a power supply system.

 According to the present invention, a power line that supplies power from a power source to a load, a power regulating means that is disposed at a midpoint of the power line and that only allows transmission of power from the power source side to the load side, An electric power supply system that is connected between an electric power regulating means and the load and includes an emergency power supply that supplies electric power to the load via the electric power line when supply of electric power from the power source is interrupted. System.

The power source may include a general-purpose power source, and the power line may be a plurality of branch power lines that are branched in parallel so that the power from the general-purpose power source can be supplied to a plurality of loads that consume the power. According to such a configuration, power supplied from the emergency power supply is restricted from flowing backward to the general-purpose power supply side that is the primary side via the branch power line. That is, it was discharged from its emergency power supply Emergency power is supplied to a load provided on the secondary side of the branch power line to which the emergency power supply is connected. Therefore, unlike the case where power is supplied from a single emergency power supply to all the loads provided on the secondary sides of multiple branch power lines, the power of the emergency power supply is wasted. It is avoided. Therefore, in an emergency when the supply of power from the general-purpose power supply is interrupted, the emergency power is continuously supplied to the desired load associated with the emergency power supply among the multiple loads. Can do.

 Further, the power supply system of the present invention may further include a step-down unit that is disposed at a midpoint of the branch power line and that reduces the voltage of the power supplied from the general-purpose power supply side.

 According to such a configuration, when the general-purpose power supply supplies power to the load, a large voltage is applied to the power line connecting the general-purpose power supply and the step-down device. Therefore, the power loss in the power line can be reduced, and as a result, the power loss when supplying power from the general-purpose power source to each load can be reduced.

 Further, the power supply system of the present invention is arranged between the power regulating means in the branch power line and the load, and when an overcurrent flows from the general-purpose power supply side to the load side, the branch power line is routed through the branch power line. The battery pack may further include an overcurrent blocking unit that blocks a current flow, and the emergency power source may be disposed between the power regulation unit and the overcurrent blocking unit in the branch power line. According to such a configuration, when a short circuit accident or the like occurs on the load side, the emergency power supply is electrically disconnected from the load side by the overcurrent blocking means. Therefore, no overcurrent flows from the emergency power supply to the load side, and it is possible to avoid wasting the power stored in the emergency power supply.

 The emergency power source may be a rechargeable storage battery.

 According to such a configuration, since the emergency power source can be charged, it can be used continuously for a long period of time by charging after the stored power is discharged in an emergency.

 The power supply system of the present invention may further include a power generation means for converting natural energy into power, and the power generated by the power generation means may be charged to the storage battery.

 According to such a configuration, the emergency power supply charges the power generated by the power generation means that converts natural energy into power, which can contribute to the use of clean energy. The invention's effect

 According to the present invention, it is possible to continuously supply power from an emergency power supply to a desired load among a plurality of loads in an emergency when supply of power from a general-purpose power supply is interrupted.

Brief Description of Drawings

 Objects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power supply system according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the DC distribution board of this embodiment.

 FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a DC distribution board according to another embodiment. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar parts will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted.

 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a power supply system according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG.

 As shown in Fig. 1, the house is equipped with a power supply system 1 that supplies power to various devices (lighting equipment, air conditioners, home appliances, audiovisual equipment, etc.) installed in the house. The power supply system 1 uses a commercial AC power source (AC power source) 2 as a general-purpose power source to operate various devices, and also supplies the power of solar cells 3 as a means of power generation using sunlight as a power source. To do. The power supply system 1 supplies power not only to the DC device 5 that operates by inputting a DC power source (DC power source) but also to the AC device 6 that operates by inputting an AC power source (AC power source). Hereinafter, in the description of the embodiment, a house is described as an example of a place where the power supply system 1 is installed, but the present invention is not limited to this, and is not limited to this, such as an apartment house, a condominium, an office room, a factory, etc. It can be installed and applied.

 The power supply system 1 is provided with a control unit 7 as a distribution board of the system 1 and a DC distribution board (with built-in DC breaker) 8. In addition, the power supply system 1 is provided with a control unit 9 and a release unit 10 as devices for controlling the operation of the DC device 5 in the house.

 The control unit 7 is connected to an AC distribution board 11 1 for branching an AC power supply via an AC power line 12. The control unit 7 is connected to the commercial AC power source 2 via the AC distribution board 11 and connected to the solar cell 3 via the DC power line 13. The control unit 7 takes in AC power from the AC distribution board 11 and also takes in DC power from the solar cell 3, and converts these powers into predetermined DC power as equipment power. The control unit 7 outputs the converted DC power to the DC distribution board 8 via the DC power line 14 or to the storage battery 16 via the DC power line 15. To store electricity. The control unit 7 not only takes in AC power from the AC distribution board 11 but also converts DC power from the solar cells 3 and storage batteries 16 to AC power and supplies it to the AC distribution board 11. Is possible. The control unit 7 exchanges data with the DC distribution board 8 via the signal line 17.

The DC distribution board 8 is a kind of breaker that supports DC power. The DC distribution board 8 branches the DC power input from the control unit 7 and outputs the branched DC power to the control unit 9 via the DC power line 18 or via the DC power line 19 Reunit 1 Or output to 0. Further, the DC distribution board 8 exchanges data with the control unit 9 through the signal line 20 and exchanges data with the relay unit 10 through the signal line 21.

 A plurality of DC devices 5 are connected to the control unit 9. These DC devices 5 are connected to a control unit 9 via a DC supply line 22 that can carry both DC power and data by a single line. The DC supply line 22 is a so-called power line carrier communication that superimposes a communication signal that transmits data using a high-frequency carrier wave on a DC voltage that serves as a power source for DC equipment. Transport to DC device 5. The control unit 9 acquires the DC power source of the DC device 5 through the DC system power line 1 8 and determines which DC device 5 is based on the operation command obtained from the DC distribution board 8 through the signal line 20. Know how to control. Then, the control unit 9 outputs a DC voltage and an operation command to the instructed DC device 5 through the DC supply line 22, and controls the operation of the DC device 5.

 The control unit 9 is connected to a switch 2 3 that is operated when switching the operation of the DC device 5 in the home via the DC supply line 2 2. Further, for example, a sensor 24 that detects a radio wave transmitted from an infrared remote controller is connected to the control unit 9 via a DC supply line 22. Accordingly, not only the operation instruction from the DC distribution board 8 but also the operation of the switch 23 and the detection of the sensor 24, the DC device 5 is controlled by sending a communication signal to the DC supply line 22.

 A plurality of DC devices 5 are connected to the relay unit 10 via individual DC power lines 25, respectively. The relay unit 10 acquires the DC power supply of the DC device 5 through the DC power line 19 and operates which DC device 5 based on the operation command obtained from the DC distribution board 8 through the signal line 21. Know what to do. Then, the relay unit 10 controls the operation of the DC device 5 by turning on and off the power supply to the DC power line 25 with the built-in relay for the instructed DC device 5. In addition, the relay unit 10 is connected to a plurality of switches 26 for manually operating the DC device 5, and the operation of the switch 26 turns on / off the power supply to the DC power line 25. As a result, the DC device 5 is controlled.

 For example, a wall outlet or a floor outlet is connected to the DC distribution board 8 via a DC power line 2 8. If a DC device plug (not shown) is inserted into the DC outlet 27, DC power can be supplied directly to the device.

In addition, a power meter 29 that can remotely measure the amount of the commercial AC power supply 2 is connected between the commercial AC power supply 2 and the AC distribution board 11. Electricity meter 29 has not only the function of remote meter-reading of commercial power consumption, but also, for example, power line carrier communication and wireless communication functions. The power meter 29 sends the meter reading result to an electric power company or the like via power line carrier communication or wireless communication. The power supply system 1 is provided with a network system 30 that enables various devices in the home to be controlled by network communication. Network system 30 has the same system. A home server 31 is provided as a control unit for the system 30. The in-home server 3 1 is connected to the management server 3 2 outside the home via a network N such as the Internet, and is connected to the in-home equipment 3 4 through a signal line 3 3. The in-home server 3 1 operates using DC power acquired from the DC distribution board 8 through the DC power line 35 as a power source. A control box 36 that manages operation control of various devices in the home through network communication is connected to the home server 31 via a signal line 37. The control box 36 is connected to the control unit 7 and the DC distribution board 8 via the signal line 17 and can directly control the DC device 5 via the DC supply line 38. For example, a gas / water meter 39 that can remotely measure the amount of gas used or the amount of water used is connected to the control box 36, and also connected to the operation panel 40 of the network system 30. The operation panel 40 is connected to a monitoring device 41 including, for example, a door phone slave, a sensor, and a camera.

 When the home server 3 1 inputs operation commands for various devices in the home via the network N, the control box 3 6 notifies the control box 3 6 of the instructions so that the various devices operate according to the operation commands. 3 Operate 6. In addition, the in-house server 31 can provide various information acquired from the gas Z water meter 39 to the management server 32 via the network N, and the monitoring device 41 can detect abnormalities. When it is received from the operation panel 40, the fact is also provided to the management server 32 through the network N.

 Next, the DC distribution board 8 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

 As shown in FIG. 2, the DC distribution board 8 has a DC power line 14 for transmitting DC power from the control unit 7, various devices 5, 3 4, 4 1 and DC outlets as loads. A feeding path 4 2 that electrically connects the DC power lines 1 8, 1 9, 2 8, and 3 5 for transmitting power to the 2 7 is provided. In this power supply path 42, one end side that is the primary side is connected to the DC power line 14 extending from the control unit 7, while the other end side that is the secondary side is plural (four in this embodiment). The first branch power line 4 3, the second branch power line 4 4, the third branch power line 4 5, and the fourth branch power line 4 6 are configured by branching.

 The first branch power line 43 is connected to a DC power line 28 that supplies DC power to the DC outlet 27, and the second branch power line 44 is connected to the in-home server 31 and the operation panel 40. It is connected to a DC power line 35 that supplies DC power. The third branch power line 45 is connected to a DC power line 18 that supplies DC power to the control unit 9, and the fourth branch power line 46 supplies DC power to the relay unit 10. Connected to DC power line 19 In the present embodiment, a room light or an emergency light is used as the DC device 5 connected to the control unit 9 via the DC supply line 22 and the DC device 5 connected to the relay unit 10 via the DC power line 25. It is mainly equipped with lighting DC devices such as lights.

Further, an overcurrent interrupting device 47 as an overcurrent interrupting means is provided in the middle of each branch power line 4 3, 4 4, 4 5, 4 6. The overcurrent interrupt device 4 7 has various loads Equipment 5, 3 4, 4 1, DC outlet 2 7, fixed contact 4 8 provided on the secondary side so that it can be connected to the primary contact so that it can move to and away from the fixed contact 48 The mechanical contact 50 is composed of the movable contact 4 9. When the current flowing through the mechanical contact 50 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold in the closed state in which the movable contact 4 9 is in contact with the fixed contact 48, the overcurrent interrupt device 47 is in the closed state. 0 is forcibly opened by moving the movable contact 4 9 away from the fixed contact 4 8. As a result, the control unit 7 is electrically disconnected from the various devices 5, 3 4, 4 1, and the DC outlet 2 7, so that the various devices 5, 3 4, 4 1, It prevents the overcurrent from flowing toward the DC outlet 27.

 Among the branch power lines 4 3, 4 4, 4 5, 4 6, the third branch power line 45 connected to the control unit 9 and the fourth branch power line 4 6 connected to the relay unit 10 include an overcurrent cutoff device 4. A diode 51 is provided at a position closer to the control unit 7 than 7. These diodes 51 allow power transmission from the control unit 7 side to the control unit 9 side or the relay unit 10 side, while being controlled from the control unit 9 side or the relay unit 10 side. Each functions as a power regulation device that regulates the transmission of power to the unit 7.

 Further, in the third branch power line 45 and the fourth branch power line 46, a storage battery unit 52 is provided between the diode 51 and the overcurrent interrupt device 47. In addition, when the supply of power from the commercial AC power source 2 and the solar battery 3 is interrupted and the power of the storage battery 16 is depleted, that is, in the event of an emergency such as a power failure, the storage unit 5 2 When the supply of power is interrupted, backup power (emergency) is supplied to the control unit 9 or the relay unit 10.

 The storage battery unit 52 includes a backup storage battery 53 as an emergency power supply, a charging circuit 54, and a discharging circuit 55. The charging circuit 5 4 outputs the DC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 2 and the solar battery 3 via the control unit 7 to the backup storage battery 5 3, whereby the backup storage battery 5 3 Is starting to charge. On the other hand, the discharge circuit 55 outputs the DC power from the backup storage battery 53 by discharging the charged backup storage battery 53.

 Next, the operation of the power supply system 1 configured as described above will be described below by focusing on the operation when power is supplied from the backup storage battery 53 of the storage battery unit 52 to the DC device 5 of the illumination system. .

Now, in the power supply system 1, when the supply of power from the commercial AC power supply 2 and the solar cell 3 that are general-purpose power supplies is stopped (in the following explanation, such a case is described as “power failure”). ), Supply power from storage battery 16 to all devices to maintain operation. However, since the storage battery 16 supplies power to all devices at once, the stored power is depleted in a short time. For this reason, lighting-related DC devices 5 can be used during power outages, especially at night. However, there is a possibility that these devices 5 cannot be operated continuously for a long time despite the high necessity of operation.

 In this regard, according to the power supply system 1 of the present embodiment, the backup storage battery 5 3 of the storage battery unit 5 2 with respect to the third branch power line 4 5 and the fourth branch power line 4 6 connected to the DC device 5 of the illumination system 5 3 Are connected to each other. Then, the control unit 7 monitors whether the commercial AC power supply 2 and the solar battery 3 are supplied with power and the charge / discharge state of the storage battery 16, and if it is determined that the power of the storage battery 16 is depleted during a power failure, the storage unit 5 2 Discharge circuit 5 5 is driven, and the DC power stored in the backup storage battery 5 3 is supplied to the lighting system DC equipment 5 via the third branch power line 4 5 and the fourth branch power line 4 6. Like that.

 The DC power output from the backup storage battery 5 3 of the storage battery unit 52 to the third branch power line 45 and the fourth branch power line 46 is connected to the diode 5 connected to each branch power line 45, 46. 1 restricts backflow to the control unit 7 side. Therefore, the DC power output from the backup storage battery 53 is transferred to another branch power line (the first branch power line 43 and the second branch) via the branch point of the feed path 42 in the DC distribution board 8. It does not flow into the power line 4 4). Therefore, the storage battery unit 5 2 is prevented from supplying DC power to the DC outlet 2 7 connected to the first branch power line 4 3 and the second branch power line 4 4, the home equipment 3 4 and the monitoring equipment 4 1. . That is, the storage battery unit 52 selectively supplies direct current power to the DC device 5 in the illumination system.

 Further, in the power supply system 1 of the present embodiment, when a short circuit accident or the like occurs in the lighting DC device 5, the overcurrent interrupt device 4 7 electrically connects the storage battery unit 5 2 and the lighting DC device 5 to each other. It will be in the state where it was cut off. Therefore, no overcurrent flows from the storage battery unit 52 to the DC device 5 of the lighting system.

 In this embodiment, when the control unit 7 monitors the charge / discharge state of the backup storage battery 53 and determines that the backup battery 53 is discharged, the commercial AC power supply 2 or the solar battery When power is supplied from 3, the charging circuit 5 4 is driven. Then, the backup storage battery 53 is charged with the DC power supplied from the commercial AC power supply 2 or the solar battery 3 via the control unit 7. That is, the storage battery unit 52 is automatically charged when no power failure occurs.

 According to the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) The DC power supplied from the storage battery unit 52 is restricted from flowing back to the control 7 side as the primary side via the third branch power line 45 or the fourth branch power line 46. In other words, the emergency power discharged from the storage battery unit 52 is connected to the lighting DC device 5 provided on the secondary side of the branch power lines 4 5, 4 6 to which the storage battery unit 52 is connected. Supplied towards Therefore, all the devices 5, 3 4, 4 1, and DC outlets 2 7 provided on each secondary side of the plurality of branch power lines 4 3, 4 4, 4 5, 4 6 from the single storage battery unit 52 Unlike the case where power is supplied all at once, avoid wasting the power of the storage battery unit 52 Is done. Therefore, when the power supply from the commercial AC power source 2 and the solar cell 3 is interrupted and the power of the storage battery 16 is depleted, a plurality of devices 5, 34, 41, DC outlet 27 Of these, the emergency power can be continuously supplied to the lighting DC device 5 associated with the storage battery unit 52.

 (2) When a short circuit accident occurs on the DC device 5 side of the lighting system, the storage battery unit 52 is electrically disconnected from the DC device 5 side of the lighting system by the overcurrent interrupt device 47. Therefore, no overcurrent flows from the storage battery unit 52 to the DC device 5 side of the illumination system, and it is possible to avoid wasting the electric power stored in the storage battery unit 52.

 (3) Since the storage battery unit 52 can be charged, it can be used continuously for a long period of time by charging after storing the stored power in an emergency.

 (4) Since the storage battery unit 52 charges the power generated by the solar battery 3 that converts natural energy into electric power, it can contribute to the use of clean energy.

 In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.

 In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a DCZDC converter 56 as a step-down means is connected between the diode 51 and the storage battery unit 52 in the third branch power line 45 and the fourth branch power line 46, and the commercial AC power source 2 Alternatively, the DC power supplied via the control unit 7 may be supplied to the DC device 5 after being transformed (stepped down) by the DC / DC converter 56.

 According to this configuration, when the commercial AC power supply 2 supplies power to the DC device 5, the voltage applied to the DC power line 14 connecting the control unit and the DC distribution board 8 Is set larger. Therefore, it is possible to reduce power loss in the DC power line 14, and as a result, it is possible to reduce power loss when power is supplied from the commercial AC power supply 2 to the DC device 5.

 In the above embodiment, other power generation methods such as a fuel cell and wind power generation may be employed as the power generation means.

 • In the above embodiment, a primary battery that can only be discharged may be adopted as the backup storage battery 53 of the storage battery unit 52, and a new replacement may be made when the power of the primary battery is depleted.

 In the above embodiment, the storage battery unit 52 may be individually provided for all the branch power lines 43, 44, 45, 46 in the power supply path 42 in the DC distribution board 8. In this case, when the supply of power from the commercial AC power source 2 and the solar battery 3 is stopped, the storage battery 16 for powering all devices 5, 3, 4, 41 and the DC outlet 27 all at once is omitted. It is also possible to adopt the configuration described above.

 In the above embodiment, the storage battery unit 52 may be connected to both the third branch power line 45 and the fourth branch power line 46 connected to the DC device 5 of the illumination system.

• In the above embodiment, the storage battery unit 52 is connected to the power supply path 42 in the DC distribution board 8. It may be configured to be connectable to all branch power lines 43, 44, 45, and 46, and the connection state for each branch power line 43, 44, 45, and 46 may be switched according to the operation of the switch.

 -In the said embodiment, the apparatus which the storage battery unit 52 supplies electric power is not limited to the DC apparatus 5 of an illumination system. In other words, any device can be used as long as it is highly necessary to operate even during a power failure.

 The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the claims. Are also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

The scope of the claims  [Claim 1]  A power line for supplying power from the power source to the load;  A power regulating means disposed at a midpoint of the power line and allowing only power transmission from the power supply side to the load side;  An emergency power supply that is connected between the power regulating means and the load and supplies power to the load via the power line when the supply of power from the power supply is interrupted.  Power supply system.  [Claim 2]  The power supply system according to claim 1,  The power source includes a general-purpose power source, The power lines are a plurality of branch power lines that are branched in parallel so that power from the general-purpose power supply can be supplied to a plurality of loads that consume the power.  Power supply system.  [Claim 3]  The power supply system according to claim 2,  A power supply system, further comprising a step-down means that is arranged at a midpoint of the branch power line and that reduces the voltage of power supplied from the general-purpose power supply side.  [Claim 4]  In the power supply system according to claim 2 or claim 3,  Overcurrent blocking means that is disposed between the power regulating means and the load in the branch power line, and that blocks current flow through the branch power line when an overcurrent flows from the general-purpose power supply side to the load side. Further comprising  The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein the emergency power source is disposed between the power regulation unit and the overcurrent cutoff unit in the branch power line.  [Claim 5]  In the power supply system according to any one of claims 2 to 4,  The power supply system, wherein the emergency power source is a rechargeable storage battery.  [Claim 6]  The power supply system according to claim 5,  A power supply system further comprising power generation means for converting natural energy into electric power, wherein the electric power generated by the power generation means is charged in the storage battery.