WO2010137343A1 - 耐水素脆化特性に優れた高強度鋼板 - Google Patents
耐水素脆化特性に優れた高強度鋼板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010137343A1 WO2010137343A1 PCT/JP2010/003610 JP2010003610W WO2010137343A1 WO 2010137343 A1 WO2010137343 A1 WO 2010137343A1 JP 2010003610 W JP2010003610 W JP 2010003610W WO 2010137343 A1 WO2010137343 A1 WO 2010137343A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
- C21D8/0252—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment with application of tension
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
Definitions
- Patent Documents 1 to 5 are known as techniques for improving the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of TRIP type steel sheets containing residual ⁇ .
- Patent Document 1 discloses hydrogen of a high-strength thin steel sheet having a tensile strength of 800 MPa or more that includes bainite and bainitic ferrite as a main phase, austenite as a second phase, and the balance of ferrite and / or martensite. Techniques for improving the embrittlement characteristics are disclosed.
- the strength and composition of the steel sheet are adjusted to control the precipitates that become hydrogen trap sites, and the hydrogen content of the steel sheet is adjusted by adjusting the composition of the steel sheet. It is described to reduce the speed.
- the steel sheets disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 5 by the present applicant include bainitic ferrite and martensite in a total area of 80 area% or more, and the residual ⁇ is included in an area of 1 area% or more. It overlaps with the metal structure of high-strength steel sheet.
- martensite is distinguished from tempered martensite and F / M, and there is no description on the point of suppressing the amount of F / M.
- REM rare earth element
- a lanthanoid element (15 elements from La to Ln) and Sc (scandium) and Y (yttrium).
- Sc scandium
- Y yttrium
- a part of austenite is transformed to F / M.
- the F / M generation amount is suppressed to 5% by area or less by combining supercooling to the temperature T1 and long-time holding at the temperature T2. That is, by quenching to a temperature T1 in the range of (Ms point ⁇ 250 ° C.) to Ms point during quenching, a part of ⁇ is transformed into F / M.
- the area ratio of austenite present in the steel sheet to the entire metal structure) can be reduced from the amount of ⁇ produced when heated to Ac 3 points or more. Therefore, even in the holding step of the present invention, a part of ⁇ is transformed into F / M, but since the amount of ⁇ before transformation is small in the first place, the amount of F / M to be generated can be reduced.
- the technology of the present invention can be suitably used particularly for a thin steel plate having a thickness of 3 mm or less.
- FIG. 1 A photograph (drawing substitute photograph) of the metal structure of the steel plate No. 46 is shown in FIG.
- photographed the metal structure of 38 steel plates is shown in FIG. 2, respectively.
- the area ratio of residual ⁇ was measured by the saturation magnetization method. Specifically, the saturation magnetization (I) of the test material and the saturation magnetization (Is) of a standard sample subjected to heat treatment at 400 ° C. for 15 hours are measured, and the ratio of austenite phase (V ⁇ r ) from the following formula: This was determined as the area ratio of residual ⁇ .
- the component composition of the high-strength steel sheet of the present invention may further contain an element that satisfies at least one of the following conditions (A) to (E) as another element.
- B B: 0.005% or less (excluding 0%)
- Ca 0.005% or less (not including 0%), Mg: 0.005% or less (not including 0%), and REM: 0.01% or less (not including 0%)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
(Ms点-250℃)≦T1≦Ms点 ・・(1)
(Ms点-120℃)≦T2≦(Ms点+30℃) ・・(2)
(1)高強度鋼板の金属組織を適切に制御し、特にフレッシュマルテンサイトを5面積%以下に抑制すれば、1180MPa以上の高強度という前提を保持しつつ耐水素脆化特性を改善できること、
(2)上記フレッシュマルテンサイトを5面積%以下に抑えるには、焼入れ条件および焼入れ後の保持条件を適切に制御して、焼入れ時にフレッシュマルテンサイトを生成させておき、これを焼戻しして焼戻しマルテンサイトとすることで、保持工程で新たに生成するフレッシュマルテンサイトを低減できること、
を見出し、本発明を完成した。以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。
(A)Cr:1%以下(0%を含まない)および/またはMo:1%以下(0%を含まない)、
(B)B:0.005%以下(0%を含まない)、
(C)Cu:0.5%以下(0%を含まない)および/またはNi:0.5%以下(0%を含まない)、
(D)Nb:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)および/またはTi:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)、
(E)Ca:0.005%以下(0%を含まない)、Mg:0.005%以下(0%を含まない)、およびREM:0.01%以下(0%を含まない)よりなる群から選ばれる1種以上の元素、
などを含有してもよい。こうした範囲を定めた理由は次の通りである。
(Ms点-250℃)≦T1≦Ms点 ・・(1)
(Ms点-120℃)≦T2≦(Ms点+30℃) ・・(2)
Ms(℃)=561-474×[C]-33×[Mn]-17×[Ni]-17×[Cr]-21×[Mo] ・・(b)
供試材の金属組織は、板厚の1/4位置から圧延方向と平行な断面を切り出し、この断面を研磨し、更に電解研磨した後、腐食させたものを走査型電子顕微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope;SEM)を用いて観察した。
Vγr=(1-I/Is)×100
供試材の機械的特性は、JIS Z2201で規定される5号試験片を用いて引張試験を行ない、降伏強度(YS)、引張強度(TS)、および伸び(El)を測定した。上記試験片は、供試材から、圧延方向に対して垂直な方向が長手方向となるように切り出した。測定結果を下記表5、表6に示す。本発明では、TSが1180MPa以上である場合を高強度(合格)と評価し、1180MPa未満である場合を強度不足(不合格)と評価した。
供試材の耐水素脆化特性は、圧延方向と垂直な方向が長手方向となるように切り出した150mm×30mmの短冊試験片を用い、曲げ部のRが10mmとなるように曲げ加工を施した後、1500MPaの応力(歪ゲージにより歪を応力へ換算)を負荷し、5%塩酸水溶液中に浸漬して割れ発生までの時間を測定した。本発明では、割れ発生までの時間が24時間以上の場合を耐水素脆化特性に優れる(合格)と評価し、24時間未満の場合を耐水素脆化特性に劣る(不合格)と評価した。評価結果を下記表5、表6に示す。下記表5、表6では、耐水素脆化特性に優れる場合は○で示し、耐水素脆化特性に劣る場合は割れ発生までの時間を示した。
(A)Cr:1%以下(0%を含まない)および/またはMo:1%以下(0%を含まない)
(B)B:0.005%以下(0%を含まない)
(C)Cu:0.5%以下(0%を含まない)および/またはNi:0.5%以下(0%を含まない)
(D)Nb:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)および/またはTi:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)
(E)Ca:0.005%以下(0%を含まない)、Mg:0.005%以下(0%を含まない)、およびREM:0.01%以下(0%を含まない)よりなる群から選ばれる1種以上の元素
(Ms点-250℃)≦T1≦Ms点 ・・(1)
(Ms点-120℃)≦T2≦(Ms点+30℃) ・・(2)
Claims (8)
- 引張強度が1180MPa以上の鋼板であって、
金属組織全体に対して、
ベイナイト、ベイニティックフェライト、および焼戻しマルテンサイト:合計で85面積%以上、
残留オーステナイト:1面積%以上、
フレッシュマルテンサイト:5面積%以下(0面積%を含む)
を満足する耐水素脆化特性に優れた高強度鋼板。 - C :0.15~0.25%(質量%の意味。以下、成分について同じ。)、
Si:1~2.5%、
Mn:1.5~3%、
P :0.015%以下、
S :0.01%以下、
Al:0.01~0.1%、
N :0.01%以下を含有し、
残部が鉄および不可避不純物からなる請求項1に記載の高強度鋼板。 - 更に、他の元素として、
Cr:1%以下(0%を含まない)および/または
Mo:1%以下(0%を含まない)を含有する請求項2に記載の高強度鋼板。 - 更に、他の元素として、
B :0.005%以下(0%を含まない)を含有する請求項2に記載の高強度鋼板。 - 更に、他の元素として、
Cu:0.5%以下(0%を含まない)および/または
Ni:0.5%以下(0%を含まない)を含有する請求項2に記載の高強度鋼板。 - 更に、他の元素として、
Nb:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)および/または
Ti:0.1%以下(0%を含まない)を含有する請求項2に記載の高強度鋼板。 - 更に、他の元素として、
Ca:0.005%以下(0%を含まない)、
Mg:0.005%以下(0%を含まない)、および
REM:0.01%以下(0%を含まない)よりなる群から選ばれる1種以上を含有する請求項2に記載の高強度鋼板。 - 温度がAc3点以上の請求項2~7のいずれかに記載の成分からなる鋼板を下記(1)式を満たす温度T1まで平均冷却速度10℃/秒以上で冷却する焼入れステップと、
前記焼入れステップで焼入れした鋼板を下記(2)式を満たす温度T2で300秒間以上保持する保持ステップと
を有する耐水素脆化特性に優れた高強度鋼板の製造方法。
(Ms点-250℃)≦T1≦Ms点 ・・(1)
(Ms点-120℃)≦T2≦(Ms点+30℃) ・・(2)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ES10780303T ES2730099T3 (es) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-05-28 | Chapa de acero de alta resistencia con excelente resistencia a fragilización por hidrogeno |
| EP10780303.3A EP2436794B1 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-05-28 | High strength steel sheet having excellent hydrogen embrittlement resistance |
| CN201080023659.9A CN102449180B (zh) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-05-28 | 耐氢脆化特性优异的高强度钢板 |
| KR1020117030071A KR101362021B1 (ko) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-05-28 | 내수소취화 특성이 우수한 고강도 강판 |
| US13/375,132 US9464337B2 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-05-28 | High strength steel sheet having excellent hydrogen embrittlement resistance |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009130924A JP5412182B2 (ja) | 2009-05-29 | 2009-05-29 | 耐水素脆化特性に優れた高強度鋼板 |
| JP2009-130924 | 2009-05-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2010137343A1 true WO2010137343A1 (ja) | 2010-12-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2010/003610 Ceased WO2010137343A1 (ja) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-05-28 | 耐水素脆化特性に優れた高強度鋼板 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9464337B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP2436794B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5412182B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR101362021B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102449180B (ja) |
| ES (1) | ES2730099T3 (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2010137343A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2341156A1 (de) * | 2010-01-04 | 2011-07-06 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Verwendung einer Stahllegierung in einem Warmform- und Presshärteprozess |
| GB2477419A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-03 | Kobe Steel Ltd | High-strength cold-rolled steel sheet excellent in workability and method for manufacturing the same |
| EP2824210A4 (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2015-04-29 | Jfe Steel Corp | HIGH STRENGTH COLD LAMINATED STEEL SHEET AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
| US9745639B2 (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2017-08-29 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | High-strength steel sheet excellent in workability and cold brittleness resistance, and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN113514311A (zh) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-10-19 | 先导薄膜材料有限公司 | 一种纯锡金相的显示方法 |
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| JP5327106B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-09 | 2013-10-30 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | プレス部材およびその製造方法 |
| KR101253885B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-27 | 2013-04-16 | 주식회사 포스코 | 연성이 우수한 성형 부재용 강판, 성형 부재 및 그 제조방법 |
| JP6047983B2 (ja) * | 2011-08-19 | 2016-12-21 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 伸びおよび伸びフランジ性に優れる高強度冷延鋼板の製造方法 |
| JP5780086B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-27 | 2015-09-16 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 高強度鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| JP5764549B2 (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2015-08-19 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 成形性および形状凍結性に優れた、高強度冷延鋼板、高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板および高強度合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、ならびにそれらの製造方法 |
| CN103572156B (zh) * | 2012-07-18 | 2017-03-01 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 门加强管用高强度薄钢板的制造方法 |
| CN103572159B (zh) * | 2012-07-18 | 2017-06-09 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 耐氢脆化特性优越的超高强度冷轧钢板的制造方法 |
| CN103572171B (zh) * | 2012-07-18 | 2017-06-30 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | 不产生氢脆化的超高强度薄钢板的制造方法 |
| EP2690184B1 (de) * | 2012-07-27 | 2020-09-02 | ThyssenKrupp Steel Europe AG | Kaltgewalztes Stahlflachprodukt und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| WO2014020640A1 (ja) * | 2012-07-31 | 2014-02-06 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 成形性及び形状凍結性に優れた高強度溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、並びにその製造方法 |
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| EP2341156A1 (de) * | 2010-01-04 | 2011-07-06 | Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH | Verwendung einer Stahllegierung in einem Warmform- und Presshärteprozess |
| GB2477419A (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2011-08-03 | Kobe Steel Ltd | High-strength cold-rolled steel sheet excellent in workability and method for manufacturing the same |
| GB2477419B (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2012-12-12 | Kobe Steel Ltd | High-strength cold-rolled steel sheet excellent in workability and method for manufacturing the same |
| US8480819B2 (en) | 2010-01-29 | 2013-07-09 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | High-strength cold-rolled steel sheet excellent in workability and method for manufacturing the same |
| US9745639B2 (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2017-08-29 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | High-strength steel sheet excellent in workability and cold brittleness resistance, and manufacturing method thereof |
| EP2824210A4 (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2015-04-29 | Jfe Steel Corp | HIGH STRENGTH COLD LAMINATED STEEL SHEET AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
| US9631250B2 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2017-04-25 | Jfe Steel Corporation | High-strength cold-rolled steel sheet and method for manufacturing the same |
| CN113514311A (zh) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-10-19 | 先导薄膜材料有限公司 | 一种纯锡金相的显示方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102449180B (zh) | 2014-09-17 |
| US9464337B2 (en) | 2016-10-11 |
| KR101362021B1 (ko) | 2014-02-11 |
| ES2730099T3 (es) | 2019-11-08 |
| EP2436794A4 (en) | 2013-08-21 |
| EP2436794A1 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
| KR20120011079A (ko) | 2012-02-06 |
| JP2010275608A (ja) | 2010-12-09 |
| JP5412182B2 (ja) | 2014-02-12 |
| US20120132327A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
| EP2436794B1 (en) | 2019-04-03 |
| CN102449180A (zh) | 2012-05-09 |
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