WO2010125800A1 - 接合構造体と接合構造体の接合方法 - Google Patents
接合構造体と接合構造体の接合方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010125800A1 WO2010125800A1 PCT/JP2010/002999 JP2010002999W WO2010125800A1 WO 2010125800 A1 WO2010125800 A1 WO 2010125800A1 JP 2010002999 W JP2010002999 W JP 2010002999W WO 2010125800 A1 WO2010125800 A1 WO 2010125800A1
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- H10W70/417—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K1/0016—Brazing of electronic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
- B23K35/0238—Sheets, foils layered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/264—Bi as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/32—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/325—Ti as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C12/00—Alloys based on antimony or bismuth
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- H10W72/07336—
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- H10W72/322—
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- H10W72/352—
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- H10W72/884—
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- H10W74/00—
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- H10W90/736—
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- H10W90/756—
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a bonded structure including a bonding material that does not contain lead, and more particularly to a bonded structure of a semiconductor component in which a semiconductor element such as Si, GaN, or SiC and an electrode are bonded. .
- solder material that joins a semiconductor component such as an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) and a substrate generally has a melting point of Sn-3 wt% Ag-0.5 wt. % Cu is used.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram in which a semiconductor component is mounted on a substrate.
- the semiconductor component 1 When the semiconductor component 1 is mounted on the substrate 2, for example, Sn-3 wt% Ag-0.5 wt% Cu, which is the solder material 3 having a melting point of 220 ° C., is used with a solder dipping type dip device. 1 external electrode 4 is soldered to the substrate electrode 5. At this time, since the solder material 3 is heated to 250 to 260 ° C. by the dipping device, the internal temperature of the semiconductor component 1 may reach 250 to 260 ° C. In the semiconductor component 1, the semiconductor element 6 and the electrode 7 are bonded to each other with the bonding material 8. When the bonding material 8 melts in the semiconductor component 1, a short circuit, disconnection, or a change in electrical characteristics occurs. This can cause defects in the final product. Therefore, the bonding material 8 used inside the semiconductor component 1 is required to have a melting temperature higher than the maximum temperature inside the semiconductor component 1 reached when soldering with a dipping device.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional bonded structure described in Patent Document 1.
- the power semiconductor module 9 has a joint 12 between the power semiconductor element 10 and the conductive layer 11.
- the bonding portion 12 uses a bonding material containing Bi as a main component, and a bonding material containing Bi as a main component and the power semiconductor element 10 on the surface of the bonding portion 12 side of the power semiconductor element 10 that is a bonded surface.
- a Cu layer 13 having a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m is formed by a vapor deposition method in order to bond Si constituting Si.
- the power semiconductor element 10 is made of Si and Cu in the Cu layer 13 disposed on the surface of the power semiconductor element 10 is likely to diffuse into Si, Cu inside the power semiconductor element 10 may be diffused. There is a problem that diffusion occurs and a failure occurs that causes the power semiconductor element 10 to not function properly, resulting in a decrease in product yield and unstable quality.
- the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and provides a bonding structure and a bonding method of a bonding structure that have stable quality even when a semiconductor element and an electrode are bonded by a bonding material containing Bi as a main component.
- the purpose is to provide.
- the bonded structure of the present invention is a bonded structure in which a semiconductor element is bonded to an electrode via a bonding material containing Bi as a main component, and a crystal lattice is formed on the surface of the semiconductor element facing the electrode.
- a metal layer different from the bonding material is disposed, and a compound is formed with the bonding material between the metal layer different from the bonding material and a surface of the semiconductor element facing the electrode.
- a layer of an element having a positive heat value is arranged.
- the bonding structure of the present invention is a bonding structure in which a semiconductor element is bonded to an electrode via a bonding material containing Bi as a main component, and a crystal is formed on the surface of the semiconductor element facing the electrode.
- a layer of a metal having a lattice different from that of the bonding material is disposed, and the bonding material is disposed between the layer of a metal having a crystal lattice different from that of the bonding material and a surface of the semiconductor element facing the electrode.
- a layer of an element having a positive value of heat of compound formation is arranged, and the layer of the metal whose crystal lattice is different from the bonding material between the layer of the metal whose crystal lattice is different from the bonding material and the bonding material A metal layer having a smaller contact angle with the bonding material as compared with the above is arranged.
- a crystal lattice is bonded to the surface of the semiconductor element facing the electrode.
- a metal layer different from the material is formed through a layer of an element having a positive compound formation heat value with the bonding material, and the metal layer having a crystal lattice different from the bonding material is formed on the bonding material.
- the electrode is heated in contact with the electrode via the bonding material, a metal layer having a crystal lattice different from that of the bonding material, and a layer having a positive compound formation heat value with the bonding material.
- the semiconductor element is bonded.
- a crystal lattice is formed on the surface side of the semiconductor element facing the electrode.
- a metal layer different from the bonding material is formed through a layer of an element having a positive compound formation heat value with the bonding material, and the crystal lattice of the electrode of the metal layer different from the bonding material.
- a layer of metal having a smaller contact angle with the bonding material than the layer of metal having a crystal lattice different from that of the bonding material is formed on the side surface, and the layer of metal having a crystal lattice different from that of the bonding material.
- the metal layer having a smaller contact angle with the bonding material is heated in contact with the bonding material to the electrode, the bonding material, and a metal having a crystal lattice different from that of the bonding material. Small contact angle with the bonding material compared to the layer
- the semiconductor element is bonded via the layer of a metal that has a crystal lattice different from that of the bonding material, and the layer of an element having a positive compound formation heat value with the bonding material.
- the semiconductor element and the electrode can be bonded with high quality by the bonding material containing Bi as a main component.
- Sectional drawing of the joining structure in Embodiment 1 of this invention Relationship diagram between the thickness of the diffusion prevention layer and the incidence of semiconductor element defects in the same embodiment
- Sectional drawing of the joining structure in Embodiment 2 of this invention The figure which showed the wetting spread rate of Bi with respect to each surface material of the embodiment
- Embodiment 1 and 2 show Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1A shows a bonded structure in which a semiconductor component 100 is mounted on a substrate 101.
- FIG.1 (b) shows the enlarged view of the area
- the inside of the semiconductor component 100 is bonded to the electrode 103 to the semiconductor element 102 via a bonding material 106 containing Bi as a main component.
- the bonding material 106 is Bi-2.5 wt% Ag (melting point 262 ° C.).
- a Cu layer 105 is disposed as a metal layer having a crystal lattice different from that of the bonding material 106.
- the thickness of the Cu layer 105 is 0.5 ⁇ m.
- a diffusion prevention layer 104 is disposed as a layer of an element having a positive compound generation heat value with the bonding material 106.
- Ta which is a metal that has a melting temperature exceeding 260 ° C. and reduces the solid-phase diffusion of Cu in the Cu layer 105 into the semiconductor element 102, is used for the diffusion prevention layer 104.
- the thickness of the diffusion preventing layer 104 is 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the semiconductor element 102 is made of Si, and is cut out in a size of 4.5 mm ⁇ 3.55 mm from a wafer having a diameter of 6 inches and a thickness of 0.3 mm.
- the semiconductor element 102 is not limited to Si but may be composed of Ge, and may be composed of compound semiconductors such as GaN, GaAs, InP, ZnS, ZnSe, SiC, and SiGe.
- the size of the semiconductor element 102 may be as large as 6 mm ⁇ 5 mm, or as small as 3 mm ⁇ 2.5 mm, 2 mm ⁇ 1.6 mm, depending on the function of the semiconductor element.
- the thickness of the semiconductor element 102 may vary depending on the size of the semiconductor element, and is not limited to 0.3 mm, but may be 0.4 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.15 mm, or the like.
- a circuit pattern (not shown) is formed on the surface 102 a opposite to the surface 102 b facing the electrode 103 of the semiconductor element 102.
- a Ta layer having a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m is formed by an evaporation method. The diffusion prevention layer 104 prevents Cu in the Cu layer 105 from diffusing into the semiconductor element 102 and degrading the function of the semiconductor element 102.
- the diffusion preventing layer 104 may be a metal whose melting temperature exceeds 260 ° C. and Cu does not undergo solid phase diffusion, and is not limited to Ta, and Ti, Cr, TaN, TaC, TiN, and TiC can be selected. Further, a plurality of layers selected from these layers may be stacked. In the case where a plurality of layers are stacked, any combination of Ta layer + TaN layer, Ta layer + TaC layer, Ti layer + TiN layer, Cr layer + Ta layer + TaC layer, etc. can be used.
- the diffusion prevention layer 104 is formed on the surface of the semiconductor element 102 facing the electrode 103, it needs to have a conductivity for stable conduction.
- the conductivity of TaN and TiN is Ta, Ti, Cr, Since it is lower than TaC and TiC, it is not desirable to use a combination of TaN and TiN.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the thickness of the diffusion preventing layer and the incidence of semiconductor element defects.
- the thicknesses of the Cu layer 105 and the bonding material 106 are constant, and only the thickness of the diffusion prevention layer 104 is changed.
- the horizontal axis represents the thickness of the diffusion prevention layer, and the diffusion prevention layer is Ta formed by a vapor deposition method.
- the vertical axis represents the defect occurrence rate of the semiconductor element.
- the N number is determined by the operation test after the high temperature test is performed at 150 ° C. for 500 hours. 10, the defect occurrence rate is calculated.
- the thickness of the diffusion prevention layer 104 using Ta is 0.3 to 0.9 ⁇ m, the defect occurrence rate is 0%, and the diffusion prevention effect is sufficiently obtained. Yes.
- the thickness of the diffusion prevention layer 104 is 0.1 to 0.2 ⁇ m, a defect of 10% occurs. However, compared with the defect rate of 80% when the thickness is 0.05 ⁇ m, a relatively effective effect is obtained. I can say that.
- the defect occurrence rate is 60%, which is not preferable. This is because, as shown in the first formula, when the thickness increases, the heat dissipation performance decreases. Further, when the thickness of the diffusion preventing layer 104 is 1.2 ⁇ m, a defect of 10% occurs, but it can be said that the effect is relatively obtained as compared with a defect rate of 60% of 1.5 ⁇ m.
- Ti can also be used as the diffusion preventing layer 104.
- the thermal conductivity of Ti is 21.9 W / m ⁇ K, which is small, about 38%, compared with 57.5 W / m ⁇ K of Ta.
- the thickness In order to obtain the same heat dissipation as Ta, the thickness must be reduced to about 38% of Ta by the first equation.
- the Ta diffusion prevention layer 104 has a defect occurrence rate of 10% when the thickness is 1.2 ⁇ m. However, when Ti is used for the diffusion prevention layer 104, it should be 0.46 ⁇ m, which is 38% of 1.2 ⁇ m. Since the same heat dissipation as Ta can be obtained, the defect occurrence rate at that time is about 10%.
- the thermal conductivity of Cr is 93.9 W / m ⁇ k, which is about 160% larger than Ta, so Cr is used as the diffusion preventing layer 104. In such a case, the thickness may be increased to about 160% of Ta.
- TaC and TiC can also be used as the diffusion preventing layer 104.
- the thermal conductivity of C is 129 W / m ⁇ k and is larger than Ta or Ti
- the thermal conductivity of TaC is higher than that of Ta.
- the thermal conductivity of TiC is larger than that of Ti.
- the thermal conductivity of Ta-50% C is about 90 W / m ⁇ K, which is about 150% larger than Ta's 57.5 W / m ⁇ K. Therefore, when TaC is used as the diffusion preventing layer 104, The thickness may be increased to about 150% of Ta.
- TiC may be used with a thick diffusion preventing layer 104.
- TaN and TiN can also be used as the diffusion preventing layer 104.
- the thermal conductivity of N is 0.03 W / m ⁇ k, which is smaller than that of Ta or Ti
- the thermal conductivity of TaN is Ta.
- the thermal conductivity of TiN is smaller than that of Ti.
- the thermal conductivity of Ta-50% N is about 28 W / m ⁇ K, which is about 48% smaller than that of Ta of 57.5 W / m ⁇ K. Therefore, when TaN is used as the diffusion prevention layer 104, The thickness may be reduced to about 48% of Ta.
- TiN may be used by making the diffusion preventing layer 104 thin.
- the defect rate increases because Cu diffuses from the Cu layer 105 disposed in contact with the diffusion prevention layer 104 into the semiconductor element 102. This is because Cu does not enter the semiconductor element 102 without serving as the diffusion preventing layer 104 that prevents the function of the semiconductor element 102 from deteriorating.
- the thickness of the diffusion prevention layer 104 made of Ta may be between 0.1 ⁇ m and 1.2 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the diffusion prevention layer 104 with a defect occurrence rate of 0% is between 0.3 ⁇ m and 0.9 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the diffusion prevention layer 104 is increased, heat generated during the operation of the semiconductor element 102 cannot be released to the electrode 103, and the temperature of the semiconductor element 102 exceeds the heat resistance temperature and is not preferable. Therefore, the upper limit value of the thickness of Cr, TaC, and TiC is suitably equivalent to the upper limit value of Ta.
- the Cu layer 105 having a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m formed on the diffusion preventing layer 104 by a vapor deposition method is formed to ensure the bonding with the bonding material 106 containing Bi as a main component.
- the formation method of the Cu layer 105 is not limited to the vapor deposition method, and a sputtering method, an electrolytic plating method, a chemical plating method, or a deposition method may be used.
- the Cu layer 105 Since the Cu layer 105 is in contact with the bonding material 106 containing Bi as a main component, the Cu layer 105 is dissolved in the bonding material 106 containing Bi as a main component. Therefore, when a large amount of the melting occurs, the Cu layer 105 disappears and the diffusion prevention layer 104 is exposed. In this case, the reaction between the diffusion preventing layer 104 and Bi proceeds rapidly, the diffusion preventing layer 104 disappears, and Si of the semiconductor element 102 is exposed. Since Si and Bi are not bonded, a peeling failure occurs when the diffusion prevention layer 104 is exposed. Therefore, the Cu layer 105 needs to have a thickness that does not disappear even when heated to 320 ° C. while being in contact with the bonding material 106 containing Bi as a main component.
- Table 1 below is a table showing the relationship between the thickness of the Cu layer 105 before and after bonding, and shows the amount of Cu layer dissolved in Bi.
- a Cu layer is formed by vapor deposition on a Si piece having a length and width of 5 mm each and a thickness of 0.3 mm, and this thickness is defined as the thickness of the Cu layer before bonding.
- the thickness is measured at 10 locations and the average value is obtained.
- a sample in which a Bi layer having a thickness of 0.03 mm was formed on a Cu layer by vapor deposition was heated to 320 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere, held for 60 seconds, cooled to room temperature, and bonded Cu The layer thickness was measured.
- the numerical value obtained by subtracting the thickness of the Cu layer after bonding from the thickness of the Cu layer before bonding indicates the amount of reduction of the Cu layer due to the dissolution into Bi.
- the thickness of the Cu layer 105 before bonding is 0.2 ⁇ m
- the Cu layer remains 0.08 ⁇ m after bonding, but when the thickness of the Cu layer before bonding is 0.1 ⁇ m, the Cu layer after bonding Disappeared.
- the thickness of the Cu layer before joining in which the Cu layer 105 after joining does not disappear exceeds 0.1 ⁇ m and needs to be 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the Cu layer before bonding is 0.2 ⁇ m, the thickness of the Cu layer after bonding is reduced to 0.1 ⁇ m or less, and if the variation in thickness accuracy (about 0.1 ⁇ m) is taken into consideration,
- the thickness of the Cu layer 105 is preferably 0.3 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the Cu layer 105 before bonding exceeds 2 ⁇ m, chipping and peeling of the Cu vapor deposition film occur due to dicing when cutting out from the wafer. Therefore, the thickness of the Cu layer 105 before bonding is 2 ⁇ m or less. It is desirable. Accordingly, the thickness of the Cu layer 105 may be between 0.2 ⁇ m and 2 ⁇ m, but is preferably between 0.3 ⁇ m and 2 ⁇ m.
- the Cu layer semiconductor element 102 is used to prevent Ni from reacting with Bi to form a compound. It is preferable to arrange on the side.
- the bonding material 106 contains 2.5% by weight of Ag, and the remainder is made of Bi except for inevitable impurities, but the composition of the bonding material 106 is not limited to this.
- the upper limit of the heating temperature of a general die bonding apparatus for bonding the semiconductor element 102 to the electrode 103 is 350 to 400 ° C., and the bonding material 106 is required to melt at 350 ° C. or less.
- the melting temperature of Bi is 271 ° C.
- the liquidus temperature decreases, and the eutectic temperature is 262 ° C at 2.5% by weight.
- the eutectic temperature becomes 350 ° C. at 9% by weight and reaches the upper limit of the heating temperature.
- the eutectic temperature reaches 270 ° C. at 0.5% by weight, and when Cu is further added, it reaches 350 ° C. at 1% by weight, reaching the upper limit of the heating temperature.
- the lower limit of Ag and Cu is preferably 0.1% by weight with respect to Bi.
- Table 2 is a diagram showing the composition of other bonding materials of the present embodiment.
- the compositions 1 to 13 have a melting temperature of 350 ° C. or less, one or more selected from 0.1 to 1% by weight of Cu and 0.1 to 9% by weight of Ag.
- This is a bonding material containing the above elements with the balance being Bi.
- the bonding material 106 may have any composition within a range where the melting temperature is 350 ° C. or lower.
- the diffusion preventing layer 104 can prevent Cu from diffusing into the semiconductor element 102, the semiconductor element 102 and the electrode 103 are bonded with high quality by the bonding material 106 containing Bi as a main component. it can.
- FIG. 3A shows a bonded structure in which the semiconductor component 200 is mounted on the substrate 101.
- FIG. 3B shows an enlarged view of a region B surrounded by a broken line in FIG.
- the bonding structure in the second embodiment includes a Cu layer 105 as a metal layer different from the bonding material 106 between the bonding material 106 and the Cu layer 105 facing the electrode from the bonding structure in the first embodiment. 3 in that an Ag layer 107 as a metal layer having a small contact angle with the bonding material 106 is included.
- a diffusion prevention layer 104 with a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m, a Cu layer 105 with a thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m, and an Ag layer 107 with a thickness of 0.7 ⁇ m are arranged in order.
- the semiconductor element 102 in which the diffusion preventing layer 104, the Cu layer 105, and the Ag layer 107 are arranged in this order is bonded to the electrode 103 by a bonding material 106 made of Bi-2.5 wt% Ag (melting point 262 ° C.).
- the diffusion preventing layer 104 and the Cu layer 105 of the bonded structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention have the same configuration as the diffusion preventing layer 104 and the Cu layer 105 of the bonded structure in Embodiment 1.
- An Ag layer 107 having a thickness of 0.7 ⁇ m is formed on the surface of the Cu layer 105 facing the electrode 103 by a vapor deposition method in order to maintain the bonding property with a bonding material containing Bi as a main component.
- the formation method of the Ag layer 107 is not limited to the vapor deposition method, and a sputtering method, an electrolytic plating method, a chemical plating method, or a deposition method may be used.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the wet spread rate of Bi for each surface material.
- Bi ball with a diameter of 0.9 mm is cut by 0.1 mm to make a flat surface.
- each surface material having a thickness of 10 mm ⁇ 10 mm and a thickness of 0.5 mm is prepared, and the Bi ball is placed on the surface material so as to be in contact with the surface material.
- This sample was heated to 320 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere, held for 60 seconds, then cooled to room temperature, and the thickness of Bi was measured.
- the wet spread rate is calculated by ((Bi ball height) ⁇ (Bi thickness)) ⁇ (Bi ball height).
- Cu is described for comparison, materials having better wet spreading rate than Cu are Sn, Au, and Ag.
- Sn generates Sn-58% Bi having a melting point of 138 ° C. with Bi, and is therefore unsuitable because it melts when used inside a semiconductor component heated to 250 ° C. when mounted on a substrate.
- the unit price per gram of Ag is 1, the unit price of Au is as high as 74, which is not suitable for commercial use. Therefore, it is preferable to use Ag that has a higher wetting and spreading rate than Cu and is cheaper than Au.
- Table 3 is a table showing the relationship between the thickness of the Ag layer 107 before and after bonding.
- an Ag layer 107 is formed by vapor deposition on a Si piece having a length and width of 5 mm each and a thickness of 0.3 mm, and this thickness is defined as the thickness of the Ag layer before bonding.
- a sample obtained by forming a Bi layer having a thickness of 0.03 mm on the Ag layer by vapor deposition was heated to 320 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere, held for 60 seconds, cooled to room temperature, and Ag after bonding. The thickness of the layer 107 was measured.
- the thickness of the Ag layer 107 before bonding is greater than 0.5 ⁇ m, the Ag layer 107 remains after bonding, but when the thickness of the Ag layer 107 before bonding is 0.2 ⁇ m or less, The Ag layer 107 has disappeared. Since the thickness of the Ag layer 107 before joining, in which the Ag layer 107 after joining does not disappear, is in the range of more than 0.2 ⁇ m and 0.5 ⁇ m or less, the thickness of the Ag layer before joining is 0.5 ⁇ m or more. It is desirable.
- the purpose of arranging the Ag layer is to ensure the wettability with Bi, and even when the thickness of the Ag layer before bonding is 0.2 ⁇ m or less, the wettability with Bi was ensured.
- the thickness of the previous Ag layer may be 0.2 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the Ag layer before bonding is 0.1 ⁇ m, since three pinholes per 10 ⁇ m 2 are confirmed in the surface of the Ag layer, the Cu layer may be exposed, which is not desirable.
- Table 4 is a table showing wafer warpage and cut burrs when the thickness of the Ag layer 107 is changed.
- the wafer is Si with a diameter of 6 inches and a thickness of 0.3 mm.
- An Ag layer 107 is formed on one surface of the wafer by vapor deposition.
- a film is formed with a material having a different linear expansion coefficient on one surface of a wafer in a high temperature environment, and thus warping of the wafer occurs when the temperature is returned to room temperature.
- the wafer warps, it becomes a problem because it cannot be processed by a dicing apparatus in a later process.
- the deposited film becomes thick, when the wafer is cut out by the dicing apparatus, burrs of the deposited film are generated on the cut surface. Since this burr remains after joining with the electrode and becomes a stress concentration part, the product reliability may be lowered.
- the thickness of the Ag layer before bonding is 6 ⁇ m, the wafer warps and cannot be processed in a subsequent process, so the thickness of the Ag layer before bonding is 4.5 ⁇ m or less. Further, when the thickness of the Ag layer before joining is 3 ⁇ m, cut burrs are generated and reliability may be lowered. Therefore, the thickness of the Ag layer before joining is desirably 1.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the Ag layer 107 may be between 0.2 ⁇ m and 4.5 ⁇ m, but is preferably between 0.5 ⁇ m and 1.5 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the Ag layer 107 before bonding is 0.2 ⁇ m or more and less than 0.5 ⁇ m, there is a portion where the Ag layer 107 disappears after bonding, so that the bonding structure is a semiconductor element / diffusion prevention layer. / Cu layer / joining material part is generated.
- the Ag layer 107 is dissolved in a bonding material containing Bi as a main component, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA), When elemental analysis such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is performed, Ag may be detected from the bonding material.
- EDX energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
- EPMA electron probe microanalyzer
- Table 5 is a table showing configurations and product yields of examples and comparative examples of the present invention.
- the product yield is an N number of 20 IGBTs assembled from bonded structures bonded according to each configuration, and the defect occurrence rate is calculated by an operation test after a high temperature test at 150 ° C. for 500 hours.
- Examples 1 to 7 have a semiconductor element, an electrode disposed opposite to the semiconductor element, and a bonding material mainly composed of Bi for connecting the semiconductor element and the electrode.
- the junction structure is characterized in that a diffusion prevention layer, a Cu layer, and an Ag layer are arranged in this order on the surface facing the electrode of the semiconductor element, and the product yield is high and the quality is stable. Yes.
- the destruction of the semiconductor element 102 due to the diffusion of the Cu layer 105 into the semiconductor element 102 can be prevented by the diffusion prevention layer 104, and the wettability with the bonding material 106 by the Ag layer 107. Even when the Ag layer 107 is ensured and melts and disappears in the bonding material 106 due to the heat of 320 ° C. in the die bonding process, it can be bonded to the bonding material 106 by the Cu layer 105.
- junction structure of the present invention contributes to the improvement of the reliability of semiconductor packages such as power semiconductors and small power transistors.
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Abstract
Description
図1と図2は本発明の実施の形態1を示す。
( 放熱性 ) = ( 熱伝導率 ) ÷ ( 拡散防止層の厚み ) 第1式
で得ることができる。
図3と図4は本発明の実施の形態2を示す。
Claims (6)
- 半導体素子を電極にBiを主成分とする接合材料を介して接合した接合構造体であって、
前記半導体素子の前記電極に対向する表面の側に、結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の層を配置すると共に、
結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層と前記半導体素子の前記電極に対向する表面との間に、前記接合材料との化合物生成熱の値が正の元素の層を配置した
接合構造体。 - 半導体素子を電極にBiを主成分とする接合材料を介して接合した接合構造体であって、
前記半導体素子の前記電極に対向する表面の側に、結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の層を配置すると共に、
結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層と前記半導体素子の前記電極に対向する表面との間に、前記接合材料との化合物生成熱の値が正の元素の層を配置し、
結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層と前記接合材料との間に、結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層に比べて前記接合材料との接触角が小さい金属の層を配置した
接合構造体。 - 結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層をCuとした場合に、前記接合材料との化合物生成熱の値が正の元素の前記層は、
Ta、Ti、Cr、TaN、TaC、TiN、TiCから選ばれた1種類以上の材料であることを特徴とする
請求項1または請求項2記載の接合構造体。 - 前記接合材料は、
0.1~1重量%のCu、0.1~9重量%のAgから選ばれた1種類以上の元素を含み、不可避的不純物を除き、残部がBiからなることを特徴とする
請求項1~請求項3の何れかに記載の接合構造体。 - 半導体素子を電極にBiを主成分とする接合材料を介して接合するに際し、
前記半導体素子の前記電極に対向する表面の側に、
結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の層を、前記接合材料との化合物生成熱の値が正の元素の層を介して形成し、
結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層を、前記接合材料に接触させた状態で加熱して前記電極に、前記接合材料と、結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の層、および前記接合材料との化合物生成熱の値が正の元素の層を介して前記半導体素子を接合する
接合構造体の接合方法。 - 半導体素子を電極にBiを主成分とする接合材料を介して接合するに際し、
前記半導体素子の前記電極に対向する表面の側に、結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の層を、前記接合材料との化合物生成熱の値が正の元素の層を介して形成し、
結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層の前記電極の側の面に、結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層に比べて前記接合材料との接触角が小さい金属の層を形成し、
結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層に比べて前記接合材料との接触角が小さい金属の前記層を前記接合材料に接触させた状態で加熱して前記電極に、前記接合材料と、結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層に比べて前記接合材料との接触角が小さい金属の前記層と、結晶格子が前記接合材料とは異なる金属の前記層、および前記接合材料との化合物生成熱の値が正の元素の前記層を介して前記半導体素子を接合する
接合構造体の接合方法。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/935,381 US20110042817A1 (en) | 2009-04-30 | 2010-04-27 | Solder joint structure, and joining method of the same |
| CN201080001751.5A CN102047398B (zh) | 2009-04-30 | 2010-04-27 | 接合结构体 |
| JP2010538241A JP5355586B2 (ja) | 2009-04-30 | 2010-04-27 | 接合構造体の接合方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009-110524 | 2009-04-30 | ||
| JP2009110524 | 2009-04-30 |
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| WO2010125800A1 true WO2010125800A1 (ja) | 2010-11-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2010/002999 Ceased WO2010125800A1 (ja) | 2009-04-30 | 2010-04-27 | 接合構造体と接合構造体の接合方法 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110042817A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5355586B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN102047398B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2010125800A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11453958B2 (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2022-09-27 | Showa Denko K.K. | Heat-insulating shield member and single crystal manufacturing apparatus having the same |
| JP2024505357A (ja) * | 2021-01-11 | 2024-02-06 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | 不揮発性メモリ・セルを含む半導体論理回路 |
| JP7811070B2 (ja) | 2021-01-11 | 2026-02-04 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | 不揮発性メモリ・セルを含む半導体論理回路 |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5723225B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-03 | 2015-05-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | 接合構造体 |
| CN103084750B (zh) * | 2013-02-25 | 2016-07-06 | 重庆科技学院 | 一种电子封装用高熔点无铅钎料的制备方法 |
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| JP2005026612A (ja) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-27 | Denso Corp | 半導体装置 |
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| JPH084095B2 (ja) * | 1985-03-26 | 1996-01-17 | 日本電気株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
| JPH01209730A (ja) * | 1988-02-18 | 1989-08-23 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 半導体装置の電極構造 |
| JPH07176547A (ja) * | 1993-12-17 | 1995-07-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 半導体チップとその製法 |
| JP2005286274A (ja) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-13 | Uchihashi Estec Co Ltd | はんだ付け方法 |
| JP2006028242A (ja) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-02-02 | Tomoegawa Paper Co Ltd | 電子部品用接着テープおよび電子部品 |
| JP5224430B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-17 | 2013-07-03 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | パワー半導体モジュール |
| JP4692480B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-27 | 2011-06-01 | パナソニック株式会社 | 接合構造体および電子機器 |
| US8193555B2 (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2012-06-05 | Megica Corporation | Image and light sensor chip packages |
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2010
- 2010-04-27 CN CN201080001751.5A patent/CN102047398B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-04-27 US US12/935,381 patent/US20110042817A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-04-27 WO PCT/JP2010/002999 patent/WO2010125800A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2010-04-27 JP JP2010538241A patent/JP5355586B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JP2001353590A (ja) * | 2000-06-12 | 2001-12-25 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | はんだ組成物およびはんだ付け物品 |
| JP2005026612A (ja) * | 2003-07-02 | 2005-01-27 | Denso Corp | 半導体装置 |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11453958B2 (en) | 2018-04-26 | 2022-09-27 | Showa Denko K.K. | Heat-insulating shield member and single crystal manufacturing apparatus having the same |
| DE102019109551B4 (de) | 2018-04-26 | 2024-05-02 | Resonac Corporation | Wärmeisolierendes abschirmungselement und einkristall-herstellungsvorrichtung, welche dieses aufweist |
| JP2024505357A (ja) * | 2021-01-11 | 2024-02-06 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | 不揮発性メモリ・セルを含む半導体論理回路 |
| JP7811070B2 (ja) | 2021-01-11 | 2026-02-04 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | 不揮発性メモリ・セルを含む半導体論理回路 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5355586B2 (ja) | 2013-11-27 |
| JPWO2010125800A1 (ja) | 2012-10-25 |
| CN102047398A (zh) | 2011-05-04 |
| US20110042817A1 (en) | 2011-02-24 |
| CN102047398B (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
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