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WO2010019018A2 - Apparatus for transmitting and receiving digital multimedia broadcasting and method thereof - Google Patents

Apparatus for transmitting and receiving digital multimedia broadcasting and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010019018A2
WO2010019018A2 PCT/KR2009/004567 KR2009004567W WO2010019018A2 WO 2010019018 A2 WO2010019018 A2 WO 2010019018A2 KR 2009004567 W KR2009004567 W KR 2009004567W WO 2010019018 A2 WO2010019018 A2 WO 2010019018A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
enhancement layer
hierarchical modulation
stream
modulation mode
base layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2009/004567
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French (fr)
Other versions
WO2010019018A3 (en
Inventor
Jong Soo Lim
Ji Bong Lee
Joungil Yun
Byungjun Bae
Kwang-Yong Kim
Kyu Tae Yang
Seomee Choi
Young Su Kim
Jae Hwui Bae
Soo In Lee
Seungku Hwang
Chieteuk Ahn
Bon Tae Koo
Jin Kyu Kim
Hyuk Kim
Gwang Soon Lee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute ETRI
Original Assignee
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute ETRI
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Publication date
Application filed by Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute ETRI filed Critical Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute ETRI
Priority to EP09806880A priority Critical patent/EP2316225A4/en
Publication of WO2010019018A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010019018A2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2010019018A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010019018A3/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/631—Multimode Transmission, e.g. transmitting basic layers and enhancement layers of the content over different transmission paths or transmitting with different error corrections, different keys or with different transmission protocols
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/35—Unequal or adaptive error protection, e.g. by providing a different level of protection according to significance of source information or by adapting the coding according to the change of transmission channel characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams
    • H04N21/2383—Channel coding or modulation of digital bit-stream, e.g. QPSK modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4382—Demodulation or channel decoding, e.g. QPSK demodulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/647—Control signaling between network components and server or clients; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients, e.g. controlling the quality of the video stream, by dropping packets, protecting content from unauthorised alteration within the network, monitoring of network load, bridging between two different networks, e.g. between IP and wireless
    • H04N21/64784—Data processing by the network
    • H04N21/64792—Controlling the complexity of the content stream, e.g. by dropping packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/015—High-definition television systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for transmitting and receiving digital multimedia broadcasting and a method thereof.
  • an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting hierarchically applies an enhancement layer signal for increasing transmission capacity to a base layer signal for transmitting a basic digital multimedia broadcasting service and transmits it to a receiving apparatus.
  • the enhancement layer signal is generated in the same manner regardless of an environment for constructing digital multimedia broadcasting network, service requirements, receiving performance according to a moving speed of a receiving apparatus.
  • the present invention has been made in effort to provide an apparatus for transmitting and receiving digital multimedia broadcasting capable of changing a modulation scheme of an enhancement layer stream according to a broadcasting environment and a method thereof.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting, including: a base layer processor that outputs a base layer stream; an enhancement layer processor that outputs an enhancement layer stream; and a transmitter that modulates the enhancement layer stream based on one of a first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes and maps a symbol of the modulated enhancement layer stream based on a symbol position of the base layer stream to generate a transmission frame.
  • Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting by an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting, including: outputting a base layer stream and outputting an enhancement layer stream; and modulating the enhancement layer stream based on one of first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes and mapping a symbol of the modulated enhancement layer stream based on a symbol position of the base layer stream to generate a transmission frame
  • Yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting, including: a receiver that grasps a hierarchical modulation mode used for a transmission frame of first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes based on a hierarchical modulation mode identifier included in the transmission frame and separates a base layer transmission stream and an enhancement layer transmission stream at the transmission frame based on the grasped hierarchical modulation mode; a base layer processor that demultiplexes the base layer transmission stream; and an enhancement layer processor that demultiplexes the enhancement layer transmission stream.
  • Still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting by an apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting, including: grasping a hierarchical modulation mode used for a transmission frame of first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes based on a hierarchical modulation mode identifier included in the transmission frame; separating a base layer transmission stream and an enhancement layer transmission stream at the transmission frame based on the grasped hierarchical modulation mode; demultiplexing the basic layer transmission stream; and demultiplexing the enhancement layer transmission stream.
  • the present invention can provide the apparatus for transmitting and receiving digital multimedia broadcasting capable of changing the modulation scheme of the enhancement layer stream according to the broadcasting environment and the method thereof.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually showing a transmitter 105 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for conceptually explaining an operation of a time interleaver 211 according to a hierarchical modulation mode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing constellation of an enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to QPSK mapping by a hierarchical modulation mode 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing constellation of an enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to BPSK mapping by a hierarchical modulation mode 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing constellation where a layer of an odd numbered symbol of OFDM symbols according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is modulated
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing constellation where a layer of an even numbered symbol is modulated
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing constellation where a layer of an odd numbered symbol of OFDM symbols according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is modulated
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing constellation where a layer of an even numbered symbol is modulated.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a transmission frame generated by a hierarchical modulation mode 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing for explaining a frame generated by a hierarchical modulation mode 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing FIG (FIG 0/15) of type 0 having an extension field of 15 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram conceptually showing an apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting 1101 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram conceptually showing a receiver 1102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram conceptually showing a hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 includes a video encoder 101, an audio encoder 102, a base layer processor 103, an enhancement layer processor 104, and a transmitter 105.
  • the video encoder 101 converts a video source into a base layer video stream and an enhancement layer video stream having enhanced quality and outputs them to the base layer processor 103 and the enhancement layer processor 104, respectively.
  • the audio encoder 102 converts an audio source into a base layer audio stream and an enhancement layer audio stream having enhanced quality and outputs them to the base layer processor 103 and the enhanced layer processor 104, respectively.
  • the base layer processor 103 multiplexes the base layer video stream output from the video encoder 101 and the base layer audio stream output from the audio encoder 102 to output the base layer transmission stream.
  • the enhancement layer processor 104 multiplexes the enhancement layer video stream output from the video encoder 101 and the enhancement layer audio stream output from the audio encoder 102 to output the enhancement transmission stream.
  • the transmitter 105 selects the hierarchical modulation mode that determines the modulation scheme of the enhancement layer transmission stream, modulates the enhancement layer transmission stream into the selected hierarchical modulation mode, and then hierarchically maps the enhancement layer symbol to the base layer symbol.
  • the hierarchical modulation mode can be selected according to the digital multimedia broadcasting environment, for example, a channel, broadcasting area, a network construction environment, service requirements, receiving performance according to a moving speed, and is thus not fixed to a receiving apparatus.
  • an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting that can modulate the enhancement layer transmission stream by a BPSK(Binary Phase Shift Keying) or an QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) can modulate the enhancement layer transmission stream using the QPSK scheme when the network construction environment is good and modulate the enhancement layer transmission stream using the BPSK scheme when the network construction environment is relatively bad.
  • BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying
  • QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
  • the hierarchical modulation mode can be selected according to the digital multimedia broadcasting environment.
  • the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 can select two modes indicated in Table 1 will be described as an example.
  • Table 1 Hierarchical modulationmode Base layer Enhancement layer modulation scheme Bit number per symbol modulation scheme Bit number per symbol 1 ⁇ /4-DQPSK 2 QPSK 2 2 ⁇ /4-DQPSK 2 BPSK 1
  • the base layer is modulated in the same manner regardless of the hierarchical modulation mode and only the modulation scheme of the enhancement layer is changed according to the hierarchical modulation mode.
  • the base layer transmission stream is modulated by a ⁇ /4-DQPSK scheme
  • the enhancement layer transmission stream is modulated by the QPSK scheme
  • the base layer symbol and the enhancement layer symbol represent 2 bits of data.
  • the base layer transmission stream is modulated in the same scheme as the hierarchical modulation mode 1 by the ⁇ /4-DQPSK scheme and the enhancement layer transmission stream is modulated by the BPSK scheme, such that the basic layer symbol represent 2 bits of data and the enhancement layer symbol represent 1 bit of data.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually showing the transmitter 105 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transmitter 105 includes an energy diffusion scrambler 201, a convolutional encoder 202, a time interleaver 203, a base layer frame generator 204, a base layer symbol mapper 205, a frequency interleaver 206, and a differential modulator 207, for the base layer transmission stream, includes a hierarchical modulation mode selector 208, an energy diffusion scrambler 209, an internal encoder 210, a time interleaver 211, an enhancement layer frame generator 212, an enhancement layer symbol mapper 213, and a frequency interleaver 214, for the enhancement layer transmission stream, and includes a hierarchical symbol mapper 215, an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) unit 216, and a guard interval insertion unit 217, for the base layer and enhancement layer transmission streams.
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • the energy of the base layer transmission stream output from the base layer processor 103 is dispersed in the energy diffusion scrambler 210 and the base layer transmission stream is convolutionally encoded by the convolutional encoder 202.
  • the stream output from the convolutional encoder 202 is time-interleaved by 16 logical frame units and the base layer frame generator 204 multilexes the time-interleaved data to generate the base layer frame.
  • the output of the time interleaver 203 is modulated by the QPSK scheme in the base layer symbol mapper 205, frequency interleaved in the frequency interleaver 206, and then modulated by a ⁇ /4 DQPSK(Differential QPSK) scheme in the differential modulator 207.
  • the hierarchical modulation mode selector 208 selects the hierarchical modulation mode according to the digital multimedia broadcasting environment. At this time, the selected hierarchical modulation mode is a hierarchical modulation mode 1 or a hierarchical modulation mode 2 described in Table 1.
  • the energy of the enhancement layer transmission stream is dispersed in the energy diffusion scrambler 209 and is error-corrected and encoded by a turbo code, a low density parity check (LDPC) code, or a convolutional code, etc. in the internal encoder 210 and output in a logical frame unit.
  • a turbo code a low density parity check (LDPC) code
  • LDPC low density parity check
  • convolutional code etc.
  • the size of the logical frame defined by an amount of data transmitted during 24ms also reduces half as compared to the hierarchical modulation mode 1
  • the size of the logical frame output from the internal encoder 210 is the half of the size of the logical frame output in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for conceptually explaining an operation of the time interleaver 211 depending on the hierarchical modulation mode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the size of the logical frame output from the internal encoder 210 is half as compared to the hierarchical modulation mode 1 and the size of the memory necessary for the interleaving reduces half in proportional to this as compared to the hierarchical modulation mode 1.
  • the time interleaver 211 inserts data corresponding to the next logical frame in the remaining half memory so that two logical frames configures one unit, thereby performing the interleaving on the total 32 of logical frames.
  • Table 2 indicates the index relation between the logical frames in the time interleaver 211 of the hierarchical modulation mode 2(mode using the BPSK as the modulation scheme).
  • i r represents a bit index within one logical frame
  • r represents a logical frame count input to the time interleaver
  • r' represents a logical frame count that is time-interleaved and output
  • R represents a result of performing a modulo 16 operations on i r .
  • the enhancement hierarchical frame generator 212 generates the enhancement layer frame according to the hierarchical modulation mode based on the signal output from the time interleaver 211.
  • the enhancement frame generated according to the hierarchical modulation mode will be described below in detail.
  • the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 modulates the signal output from the time interleaver 211 according to the hierarchical modulation mode by the QPSK scheme or the BPSK scheme.
  • the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 maps the output of the time interleaver 211 by the QPSK scheme and the symbol mapping of the time interleaver 211 can be performed by the following Equation 1.
  • p LP represents the input bit of the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 and q LP represents the symbol position output from the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213.
  • Table 3 represents constellation of the enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to the QPSK mapping by Equation 1 in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1 and
  • FIG. 4 shows constellation of the enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to the QPSK mapping by the hierarchical modulation mode 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 maps the output of the time interleaver 211 by the BPSK scheme and the symbol mapping of the time interleaver 211 is performed by using the scheme such as Equation 2.
  • p LP represents the input bit of the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 and q LP represents the symbol position output from the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213.
  • Table 4 represents constellation of the enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to the BPSK mapping by Equation 2 in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2 and
  • FIG. 5 shows constellation of the enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to the BPSK mapping by the hierarchical modulation mode 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the frequency interleaver 214 performs the frequency interleaving on the signal output from the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 and the hierarchical symbol mapper 215 hierarchically maps the enhancement layer symbol to the base layer symbol modulated in the differential modulator 207.
  • the hierarchical symbol mapper 215 maps the enhancement layer symbol, which is subjected to the QPSK modulation, to the base layer symbol, which is subjected to the differential modulation using the following Equation 3.
  • q HP-diff represents the bas layer symbol
  • q Hier represents the hierarchically modulated enhancement layer symbol.
  • Table 5 represents the constellation of the enhancement layer symbol hierarchically modulated by Equation 3 and FIG. 6 shows the hierarchically modulated constellation of odd numbered symbols of the OFDM symbols according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 7 shows the hierarchically modulated constellation of even numbered symbols.
  • the white constellation represents the base layer symbol and the black constellation represents the enhancement layer symbol.
  • ⁇ is the hierarchical modulation index and referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, is defined by a ratio (a/b) of a distance (a) between the enhancement layer symbol between the divided surfaces facing in a horizontal or vertical direction and a distance (b) between the enhancement layer symbol at the same divided surface.
  • the hierarchical modulation index ⁇ can be changed according to the received conditions, for example, the strength of the received signal, the performance quality of data included in the enhancement layer stream, that is, a demanding bit error rate (BER), a demanding packet error rate (BER), etc.
  • hierarchical symbol mapper 215 maps the enhancement layer symbol, which is subjected to the BPSK modulation, to the base layer symbol, which is subjected to the differential modulation, using the following Equation 4.
  • q HP-diff represents the base layer symbol
  • q Hier represents the hierarchically modulationed enhancement layer symbol.
  • Table 6 represents constellation of the enhancement layer symbol hierarchically modulated by Equation 4
  • FIG. 8 shows the hierarchically modulated constellation of odd numbered symbols of the OFDM symbols according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 shows the hierarchically modulated constellation of even numbered symbols.
  • the white constellation represents the base layer symbol
  • the black constellation represents the enhancement layer symbol.
  • the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) unit 216 performs the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) on the output signal of the hierarchical symbol mapper 215 and converts it into a signal in a time domain and the guard interval insertion unit 217 inserts data (guard interval) corresponding to about 1/4 of a tail of an effective symbol interval in the output signal from the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) unit 216 in front of the effective symbol to remove inter-symbol interference (ISI).
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the transmission frame generated by the hierarchical modulation mode 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the frame generated by the hierarchical mode 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • a base layer frame 810 generated in the base layer frame generator 204 and an enhancement layer frame 820 by the layer modulation mode 1 in the enhancement layer frame generator 212 each includes fast information channels (FICs) 811 and 821 and main service channels (MSCs) 812 and 822.
  • FICs fast information channels
  • MSCs main service channels
  • the FIC 811 and 821 are a channel that transmits data carried on the MSCs 812 and 822 and a channel that transmits information necessary for receiving the digital multimedia broadcasting signal and include 12 fast information blocks (FIBs).
  • FIBs fast information blocks
  • the MSCs 812 and 822 are channels that transmit the actual data and include 4 common interleaved frames (CIF), the CIF being configured of 864 capacity units (CU).
  • CIF common interleaved frames
  • CU 864 capacity units
  • the CU is the smallest unit that can be discriminated on the MSC, the size of the unit being 64 bits.
  • the transmission frame 830 hierarchically modulated in the hierarchical symbol mapper 215 includes a synchronization channel (Sync.) 831, the FIC 832, and the MSC 833 and each of the Sync. 831, FIC 832, and MSC 833 is configured of 1, 3, and 72 OFDM symbols and the sub carriers of the OFDM symbols for the FIC 832 and MSC 833 each transmits 4 bits of data (base layer 2 bit + enhancement layer 2 bit).
  • Sync. synchronization channel
  • the transmittable maximum data rate reduces to 1/2 as compared to the hierarchical modulation mode 1 and thus, the enhancement layer frame generator 212 reduces the entire size of the enhancement layer frame 910 to 1/2 as compared to the case of the layer modulation mode 1.
  • the FIC 911 of the enhancement layer frame 910 generated by the hierarchical modulation mode 2 in the enhancement layer frame generator 212 includes 6 FIBs and 4 CIFs in the MSC 912 and the maximum number of CUs configuring one CIF is defined by 432 that is 1/2 of 864.
  • the lengh of the CIF and the number of FIBs of the enhancement layer frame 910 generated by the hierarchical modulation mode 2 is reduced half but the number of CIFs is maintained to be equal to the base layer frame 810.
  • the transmission frame 920 hierarchically modulated in the hierarchical symbol mapper 215 includes a Sync 921, a FIC 922, and an MSC 923 and each of the sub carriers of the OFDM symbols for the FIC 922 and MSC 923 transmits 3 bits data (base layer 2 bits + enhancement layer 1 bit).
  • the apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting receives the hierarchical modulation information and transmits the hierarchical modulation information through the FIC for the base layer to be able to receive the enhancement layer frame therethrough.
  • the FIC for the base layer has a plurality of fast information group (FIG) and the present invention will describe, by way of example, a case where the FIG transmits the hierarchical modulation mode.
  • FOG fast information group
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing FIG (FIG 0/15) of type 0 having 15 extension fields according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 0/15 1000 includes FIG type 1001 of 3 bits, Length 1002 of 5 bits, and FIG data field 1003 of 16 bits and FIG data field 1003 of 16 bits includes Current/Next (C/N) 1004 of 1 bit, Other Ensemble (OE) 1005 of 1 bit, P/D 1006 of 1 bit, Extension 1007 of 5 bits, and Type 0 field 1008 of 8 bits.
  • C/N Current/Next
  • OE Other Ensemble
  • Type 0 field 1008 of 8 bits includes a hierarchical modulation field 1009 of 2 bits, a hierarchical modulation mode identifier 1010 of 2 bits, and Rfu 1011 of 4bits.
  • the hierarchical modulation field 1009 is stored with information on the hierarchical modulation index ⁇ necessary for receiving the enhancement layer frame and the hierarchical modulation mode identifier 1010 is stored with information on the modulation mode applied to the enhancement layer frame.
  • the hierarchical modulation mode identifier 1010 may be defined like Table 7.
  • Hierarchical modulation mode identifier Hierarchical modulation mode 0 0 Hierarchical modulation mode 2 (BPSK scheme) 0 1 Hierarchical modulation mode 1 (QPSK scheme) 1 0 reserved 1 1 reserved
  • Rfu 1011 is a reserved field to be used in the future.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram conceptually showing the apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • an apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting 1101 includes a receiver 1102, a base layer processor 1103, an enhancement layer processor 1104, a video decoder 1105, and an audio decoder 1106.
  • the receiver 1102 receives the transmission frame from the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 and separates the base layer transmission stream and the enhancement layer transmission stream based on the hierarchical modulation mode included in the transmission frame.
  • the base layer processor 1103 demultiplexes the base layer transmission stream output from the receiver 1102 and outputs it as the base layer video stream and the base layer audio stream.
  • the enhancement layer processor 1104 demultiplexes the enhancement layer video stream output from the receiver 1102 and outputs it as the enhancement layer video stream and the enhancement layer audio stream.
  • the video decoder 1105 receives the base layer video stream processed in the base layer processor 1103 and the enhancement layer video stream processed in the enhancement layer processor 1104 and can decode them using only the base layer vide stream and can decode the high-quality video services using both the base layer video stream and the enhancement layer video stream.
  • the audio decoder 1106 receives the base layer audio stream processed in the base layer processor 1103 and the enhancement layer audio stream processed in the enhancement layer processor 1104 and can decode them using only the base layer audio stream and can decode the high-quality audio services using both the base layer audio stream and the enhancement layer audio stream.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram conceptually showing the receiver 1102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver 1102 includes a guard interval removing unit 1201, a fast Fourier transform (FFT) unit 1202, and a hierarchical symbol demapper 1203,
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • a differential demodulator 1204 a frequency deinterleaver 1205, a base layer symbol demapper 1206, a time deinterleaver 1207, a convolutional decoder 1208, and an energy diffusion descrambler 1209, for the base layer transmission stream, and
  • a frequency deinterleaver 1210 for the enhancement layer transmission stream.
  • an enhancement layer symbol demapper 1211 for the enhancement layer transmission stream.
  • a time deinterleaver 1212 for the enhancement layer transmission stream.
  • an internal decoder 1213 for the enhancement layer transmission stream.
  • an energy diffusion descrambler 1214 for the enhancement layer transmission stream.
  • the guard interval of the transmission frame received from the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 is removed from the guard interval removing unit 1201 and the transmission frame received from the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 is subjected to fasf Fourier transform (FFT) in the fast Fourier transform (FFT) unit 1202 and is converted into a signal in a frequency domain.
  • FFT fasf Fourier transform
  • the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 separates the base layer transmission stream and the enhancement layer transmission stream based on the hierarchical modulation index ⁇ and the information on the hierarchical modulation mode, which are included in FIG 0/15 1000 in the transmission frame.
  • the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 first grasps a base layer signal and operates the difference between the grasped signal and the received signal to separate the enhancement layer signal and perform the demapping thereon.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram conceptually showing the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a hierarchical demodulator 1301, a base layer baseband processor 1302, a base layer FIC analyzer 1303, an enhancement layer baseband processor 1304, and an enhancement layer FIC analyzer 1305.
  • the hierarchical demodulator 1301 separates the transmission frame to the base layer frame and enhancement layer frame based on the hierarchical modulation index ⁇ and the hierarchical modulation mode, which are included in the transmission frame and outputs the base layer frame to the base layer baseband processor 1302 and outputs the enhancement layer frame to the enhancement layer baseband processor 1304.
  • the base layer baseband processor 1302 outputs FIC for the base layer output from the layer demodulator 1301 to the base layer FIC analyzer 1303 and outputs MSC for the base layer to the differential demodulator 1204.
  • the base layer FIC analyzer 1303 determines whether it is the broadcasting signal by the hierarchical modulation, based on whether FIG 0/15 is included in the FIC received from the base layer baseband processor 1302. If it is determined that the FIC included the FIG 0/15, the hierarchical modulation mode and the hierarchical modulation index ⁇ included in the FIG 0/15 are grasped and the grasped hierarchical modulation index DeletedTexts and hierarchical modulation mode are output to the hierarchical demodulator 1301.
  • the base layer FIC analyzer 1303 analyzes information such as a transmission channel of data included in the MSC for the base layer.
  • the enhancement layer baseband processor 1304 outputs the FIC for the enhancement layer output from the layer demodulator 1301 to the enhancement layer FIC analyzer 1305 and outputs the MSC for the enhancement layer to the frequency deinterleaver 1210.
  • the enhancement layer FIC analyzer 1305 analyzes the information such as the transmission channel of data included in the MSC for the enhancement layer.
  • the MSC signal for the basic layer output from the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 is demodulated in the differential demodulator 1204 by the ⁇ /4 DQPSK(Differential QPSK) scheme, frequency-deinterleaved in the frequency deinterleaver 1205, and then demodulated in the base layer symbol demapper 1206 by the QPSK scheme.
  • the demodulated signal is time-deinterleaved in the time deinterleaver 1207, is decoded in the convolutional decoder 1208, and then descrambled in the energy diffusion descrambler 1209.
  • the MSC signal for the enhancement layer output from the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 is frequency-deinterleaved in the frequency deinterleaver 1210 and demapped by the QPSK or BPSK scheme according to the hierarchical modulation mode in the enhancement layer symbol demapper 1211.
  • the interleaveing depth of the demapped signal is determined in the time deinterleaver 1212 according to the hierarchical modulation mode so that the demapped signal is time-interleaved.
  • the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2 has the interleaving depth twice as large as the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1.
  • time interleaved signal is decoded in the internal decoder 1213 and descrambled in the energy diffusion descrambler 1214.
  • the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 selects the hierarchical modulation mode according to the digital multimedia broadcasting environment to transmit the enhancement layer signal to the apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting 1101.
  • the transmission frame transmitted from the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 includes the information on the hierarchical modulation mode so that the apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting 1101 grasps the hierarchical modulation mode for the enhancement layer in the transmission frame and demodulate the enhancement layer signal according to the grasped modulation scheme.
  • the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not embodied only by a apparatus and method.
  • the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments may be embodied by a program performing functions, which correspond to the configuration of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, or a recording medium on which the program is recorded.

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Abstract

An apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting includes: a base layer processor that outputs a base layer stream; an enhancement layer processor that outputs an enhancement layer stream; and a transmitter that modulates the enhancement layer stream based on one of a first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes and maps a symbol of the modulated enhancement layer stream based on a symbol position of the base layer stream to generate a transmission frame.

Description

APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING DIGITAL MULTIMEDIA BROADCASTING AND METHOD THEREOF
The present invention relates to an apparatus for transmitting and receiving digital multimedia broadcasting and a method thereof.
In order to increase transmission capacity, an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting hierarchically applies an enhancement layer signal for increasing transmission capacity to a base layer signal for transmitting a basic digital multimedia broadcasting service and transmits it to a receiving apparatus.
However, there is problem in that the enhancement layer signal is generated in the same manner regardless of an environment for constructing digital multimedia broadcasting network, service requirements, receiving performance according to a moving speed of a receiving apparatus.
The above information disclosed in this Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
The present invention has been made in effort to provide an apparatus for transmitting and receiving digital multimedia broadcasting capable of changing a modulation scheme of an enhancement layer stream according to a broadcasting environment and a method thereof.
An exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting, including: a base layer processor that outputs a base layer stream; an enhancement layer processor that outputs an enhancement layer stream; and a transmitter that modulates the enhancement layer stream based on one of a first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes and maps a symbol of the modulated enhancement layer stream based on a symbol position of the base layer stream to generate a transmission frame.
Another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting by an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting, including: outputting a base layer stream and outputting an enhancement layer stream; and modulating the enhancement layer stream based on one of first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes and mapping a symbol of the modulated enhancement layer stream based on a symbol position of the base layer stream to generate a transmission frame
Yet another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting, including: a receiver that grasps a hierarchical modulation mode used for a transmission frame of first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes based on a hierarchical modulation mode identifier included in the transmission frame and separates a base layer transmission stream and an enhancement layer transmission stream at the transmission frame based on the grasped hierarchical modulation mode; a base layer processor that demultiplexes the base layer transmission stream; and an enhancement layer processor that demultiplexes the enhancement layer transmission stream.
Still another exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a method for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting by an apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting, including: grasping a hierarchical modulation mode used for a transmission frame of first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes based on a hierarchical modulation mode identifier included in the transmission frame; separating a base layer transmission stream and an enhancement layer transmission stream at the transmission frame based on the grasped hierarchical modulation mode; demultiplexing the basic layer transmission stream; and demultiplexing the enhancement layer transmission stream.
The present invention can provide the apparatus for transmitting and receiving digital multimedia broadcasting capable of changing the modulation scheme of the enhancement layer stream according to the broadcasting environment and the method thereof.
FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually showing a transmitter 105 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 3 is a diagram for conceptually explaining an operation of a time interleaver 211 according to a hierarchical modulation mode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing constellation of an enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to QPSK mapping by a hierarchical modulation mode 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing constellation of an enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to BPSK mapping by a hierarchical modulation mode 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing constellation where a layer of an odd numbered symbol of OFDM symbols according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is modulated,
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing constellation where a layer of an even numbered symbol is modulated,
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing constellation where a layer of an odd numbered symbol of OFDM symbols according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is modulated,
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing constellation where a layer of an even numbered symbol is modulated,
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a transmission frame generated by a hierarchical modulation mode 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing for explaining a frame generated by a hierarchical modulation mode 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing FIG (FIG 0/15) of type 0 having an extension field of 15 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 13 is a diagram conceptually showing an apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting 1101 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 14 is a diagram conceptually showing a receiver 1102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and
FIG. 15 is a diagram conceptually showing a hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
In the following detailed description, only certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, simply by way of illustration. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive. Like reference numerals designate like elements throughout the specification.
In the specification, in addition, unless explicitly described to the contrary, the word "comprise" and variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of stated elements but not the exclusion of any other elements.
An apparatus for transmitting and receiving digital multimedia broadcasting and a method thereof according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a video encoder 101, an audio encoder 102, a base layer processor 103, an enhancement layer processor 104, and a transmitter 105.
The video encoder 101 converts a video source into a base layer video stream and an enhancement layer video stream having enhanced quality and outputs them to the base layer processor 103 and the enhancement layer processor 104, respectively.
The audio encoder 102 converts an audio source into a base layer audio stream and an enhancement layer audio stream having enhanced quality and outputs them to the base layer processor 103 and the enhanced layer processor 104, respectively.
The base layer processor 103 multiplexes the base layer video stream output from the video encoder 101 and the base layer audio stream output from the audio encoder 102 to output the base layer transmission stream.
The enhancement layer processor 104 multiplexes the enhancement layer video stream output from the video encoder 101 and the enhancement layer audio stream output from the audio encoder 102 to output the enhancement transmission stream.
The transmitter 105 selects the hierarchical modulation mode that determines the modulation scheme of the enhancement layer transmission stream, modulates the enhancement layer transmission stream into the selected hierarchical modulation mode, and then hierarchically maps the enhancement layer symbol to the base layer symbol.
At this time, the hierarchical modulation mode can be selected according to the digital multimedia broadcasting environment, for example, a channel, broadcasting area, a network construction environment, service requirements, receiving performance according to a moving speed, and is thus not fixed to a receiving apparatus.
For example, an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting that can modulate the enhancement layer transmission stream by a BPSK(Binary Phase Shift Keying) or an QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) can modulate the enhancement layer transmission stream using the QPSK scheme when the network construction environment is good and modulate the enhancement layer transmission stream using the BPSK scheme when the network construction environment is relatively bad.
The hierarchical modulation mode can be selected according to the digital multimedia broadcasting environment. Hereinafter, a case where the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 can select two modes indicated in Table 1 will be described as an example.
Table 1
Hierarchical modulationmode Base layer Enhancement layer
modulation scheme Bit number per symbol modulation scheme Bit number per symbol
1 π/4-DQPSK 2 QPSK 2
2 π/4-DQPSK 2 BPSK 1
Referring to Table 1, the base layer is modulated in the same manner regardless of the hierarchical modulation mode and only the modulation scheme of the enhancement layer is changed according to the hierarchical modulation mode.
In the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1(mode using the QPSK as the modulation scheme), the base layer transmission stream is modulated by a π/4-DQPSK scheme, the enhancement layer transmission stream is modulated by the QPSK scheme, and the base layer symbol and the enhancement layer symbol represent 2 bits of data.
In addition, in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2(mode using the BPSK as the modulation scheme), the base layer transmission stream is modulated in the same scheme as the hierarchical modulation mode 1 by the π/4-DQPSK scheme and the enhancement layer transmission stream is modulated by the BPSK scheme, such that the basic layer symbol represent 2 bits of data and the enhancement layer symbol represent 1 bit of data.
FIG. 2 is a diagram conceptually showing the transmitter 105 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 2, the transmitter 105 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes an energy diffusion scrambler 201, a convolutional encoder 202, a time interleaver 203, a base layer frame generator 204, a base layer symbol mapper 205, a frequency interleaver 206, and a differential modulator 207, for the base layer transmission stream, includes a hierarchical modulation mode selector 208, an energy diffusion scrambler 209, an internal encoder 210, a time interleaver 211, an enhancement layer frame generator 212, an enhancement layer symbol mapper 213, and a frequency interleaver 214, for the enhancement layer transmission stream, and includes a hierarchical symbol mapper 215, an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) unit 216, and a guard interval insertion unit 217, for the base layer and enhancement layer transmission streams.
First, describing a configuration of the base layer transmission stream, the energy of the base layer transmission stream output from the base layer processor 103 is dispersed in the energy diffusion scrambler 210 and the base layer transmission stream is convolutionally encoded by the convolutional encoder 202.
The stream output from the convolutional encoder 202 is time-interleaved by 16 logical frame units and the base layer frame generator 204 multilexes the time-interleaved data to generate the base layer frame.
Thereafter, the output of the time interleaver 203 is modulated by the QPSK scheme in the base layer symbol mapper 205, frequency interleaved in the frequency interleaver 206, and then modulated by a π/4 DQPSK(Differential QPSK) scheme in the differential modulator 207.
Describing the configuration of the enhancement layer transmission stream, the hierarchical modulation mode selector 208 selects the hierarchical modulation mode according to the digital multimedia broadcasting environment. At this time, the selected hierarchical modulation mode is a hierarchical modulation mode 1 or a hierarchical modulation mode 2 described in Table 1.
The energy of the enhancement layer transmission stream is dispersed in the energy diffusion scrambler 209 and is error-corrected and encoded by a turbo code, a low density parity check (LDPC) code, or a convolutional code, etc. in the internal encoder 210 and output in a logical frame unit.
2 bits of data per one symbol of the enhancement mode are transmitted in the hierarchical modulation mode 1 and 1 bit of data per one symbol of the enhancement layer is transmitted in the layer modulation mode 1, so that the data transmitted by one symbol in the hierarchical modulation mode 2 becomes the half of the data transmitted by one symbol in the hierarchical modulation mode 1.
Therefore, in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2, the size of the logical frame defined by an amount of data transmitted during 24ms also reduces half as compared to the hierarchical modulation mode 1
In other words, in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2, the size of the logical frame output from the internal encoder 210 is the half of the size of the logical frame output in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1.
Thereafter, the time interleaver 211 performs the time interleaving by controlling the interleaving depth of the logical frame output from the internal encoder 210 according to the hierarchical modulation. FIG. 3 is a diagram for conceptually explaining an operation of the time interleaver 211 depending on the hierarchical modulation mode according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 3, in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1, the time interleaver 211 performs the time interleaving in 16 logical frame units. In other words, in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1, the time interleaver 211 performs the interleaveing at a depth of 24 ms * 16 = 384 ms.
On the other hand, in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2, the size of the logical frame output from the internal encoder 210 is half as compared to the hierarchical modulation mode 1 and the size of the memory necessary for the interleaving reduces half in proportional to this as compared to the hierarchical modulation mode 1.
Therefore, in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2, the time interleaver 211 inserts data corresponding to the next logical frame in the remaining half memory so that two logical frames configures one unit, thereby performing the interleaving on the total 32 of logical frames. In other words, in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2, the time interleaver 211 performs the interleaving at the depth of 24 ms * 32 = 768 ms. As such, the deep interleaving depth more robustly ensures the receiving performance in the communication environment.
Table 2 indicates the index relation between the logical frames in the time interleaver 211 of the hierarchical modulation mode 2(mode using the BPSK as the modulation scheme).
[Corrected under Rule 26 16.09.2009]
Table 2
Figure WO-DOC-TABLE-2
In Table 2, ir represents a bit index within one logical frame, r represents a logical frame count input to the time interleaver, r' represents a logical frame count that is time-interleaved and output, and R represents a result of performing a modulo 16 operations on ir.
Thereafter, the enhancement hierarchical frame generator 212 generates the enhancement layer frame according to the hierarchical modulation mode based on the signal output from the time interleaver 211. The enhancement frame generated according to the hierarchical modulation mode will be described below in detail.
The enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 modulates the signal output from the time interleaver 211 according to the hierarchical modulation mode by the QPSK scheme or the BPSK scheme.
In the hierarchical modulation mode 1, the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 maps the output of the time interleaver 211 by the QPSK scheme and the symbol mapping of the time interleaver 211 can be performed by the following Equation 1.
[Equation 1]
Figure PCTKR2009004567-appb-I000001
where, pLP represents the input bit of the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 and qLP represents the symbol position output from the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213.
Table 3 represents constellation of the enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to the QPSK mapping by Equation 1 in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1 and FIG. 4 shows constellation of the enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to the QPSK mapping by the hierarchical modulation mode 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Table 3
pLP qLP
1,1
Figure PCTKR2009004567-appb-I000002
0,1
Figure PCTKR2009004567-appb-I000003
0,0
Figure PCTKR2009004567-appb-I000004
1,0
Figure PCTKR2009004567-appb-I000005
In the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2, the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 maps the output of the time interleaver 211 by the BPSK scheme and the symbol mapping of the time interleaver 211 is performed by using the scheme such as Equation 2.
[Equation 2]
Figure PCTKR2009004567-appb-I000006
where, pLP represents the input bit of the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 and qLP represents the symbol position output from the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213.
Table 4 represents constellation of the enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to the BPSK mapping by Equation 2 in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2 and FIG. 5 shows constellation of the enhancement layer symbol that is subjected to the BPSK mapping by the hierarchical modulation mode 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Table 4
pLP qLP
0 -1
1 1
Thereafter, the frequency interleaver 214 performs the frequency interleaving on the signal output from the enhancement layer symbol mapper 213 and the hierarchical symbol mapper 215 hierarchically maps the enhancement layer symbol to the base layer symbol modulated in the differential modulator 207.
In the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1, the hierarchical symbol mapper 215 maps the enhancement layer symbol, which is subjected to the QPSK modulation, to the base layer symbol, which is subjected to the differential modulation using the following Equation 3.
[Equation 3]
Figure PCTKR2009004567-appb-I000007
where, qHP-diff represents the bas layer symbol and qHier represents the hierarchically modulated enhancement layer symbol. Table 5 represents the constellation of the enhancement layer symbol hierarchically modulated by Equation 3 and FIG. 6 shows the hierarchically modulated constellation of odd numbered symbols of the OFDM symbols according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 7 shows the hierarchically modulated constellation of even numbered symbols. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the white constellation represents the base layer symbol and the black constellation represents the enhancement layer symbol.
Table 5
Figure PCTKR2009004567-appb-T000002
where, α is the hierarchical modulation index and referring to FIGS. 6 and 7, is defined by a ratio (a/b) of a distance (a) between the enhancement layer symbol between the divided surfaces facing in a horizontal or vertical direction and a distance (b) between the enhancement layer symbol at the same divided surface. In addition, the hierarchical modulation index α can be changed according to the received conditions, for example, the strength of the received signal, the performance quality of data included in the enhancement layer stream, that is, a demanding bit error rate (BER), a demanding packet error rate (BER), etc.
In the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2, hierarchical symbol mapper 215 maps the enhancement layer symbol, which is subjected to the BPSK modulation, to the base layer symbol, which is subjected to the differential modulation, using the following Equation 4.
[Equation 4]
Figure PCTKR2009004567-appb-I000008
where, qHP-diff represents the base layer symbol and qHier represents the hierarchically modulationed enhancement layer symbol. Table 6 represents constellation of the enhancement layer symbol hierarchically modulated by Equation 4, and FIG. 8 shows the hierarchically modulated constellation of odd numbered symbols of the OFDM symbols according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 9 shows the hierarchically modulated constellation of even numbered symbols. In FIGS. 8 and 9, the white constellation represents the base layer symbol and the black constellation represents the enhancement layer symbol.
[Corrected under Rule 26 16.09.2009]
Table 6
Figure WO-DOC-TABLE-6
Thereafter, the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) unit 216 performs the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) on the output signal of the hierarchical symbol mapper 215 and converts it into a signal in a time domain and the guard interval insertion unit 217 inserts data (guard interval) corresponding to about 1/4 of a tail of an effective symbol interval in the output signal from the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) unit 216 in front of the effective symbol to remove inter-symbol interference (ISI).
Hereinafter, the transmission frame according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the transmission frame generated by the hierarchical modulation mode 1 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the frame generated by the hierarchical mode 2 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 10, a base layer frame 810 generated in the base layer frame generator 204 and an enhancement layer frame 820 by the layer modulation mode 1 in the enhancement layer frame generator 212 each includes fast information channels (FICs) 811 and 821 and main service channels (MSCs) 812 and 822.
Herein, the FIC 811 and 821 are a channel that transmits data carried on the MSCs 812 and 822 and a channel that transmits information necessary for receiving the digital multimedia broadcasting signal and include 12 fast information blocks (FIBs).
In addition, the MSCs 812 and 822 are channels that transmit the actual data and include 4 common interleaved frames (CIF), the CIF being configured of 864 capacity units (CU). Herein, the CU is the smallest unit that can be discriminated on the MSC, the size of the unit being 64 bits.
In the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1, the transmission frame 830 hierarchically modulated in the hierarchical symbol mapper 215 includes a synchronization channel (Sync.) 831, the FIC 832, and the MSC 833 and each of the Sync. 831, FIC 832, and MSC 833 is configured of 1, 3, and 72 OFDM symbols and the sub carriers of the OFDM symbols for the FIC 832 and MSC 833 each transmits 4 bits of data (base layer 2 bit + enhancement layer 2 bit).
Meanwhile, in the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2, the transmittable maximum data rate reduces to 1/2 as compared to the hierarchical modulation mode 1 and thus, the enhancement layer frame generator 212 reduces the entire size of the enhancement layer frame 910 to 1/2 as compared to the case of the layer modulation mode 1.
Referring to FIG. 11, the FIC 911 of the enhancement layer frame 910 generated by the hierarchical modulation mode 2 in the enhancement layer frame generator 212 includes 6 FIBs and 4 CIFs in the MSC 912 and the maximum number of CUs configuring one CIF is defined by 432 that is 1/2 of 864. In other words, the lengh of the CIF and the number of FIBs of the enhancement layer frame 910 generated by the hierarchical modulation mode 2 is reduced half but the number of CIFs is maintained to be equal to the base layer frame 810.
Hereinafter, the transmission frame 920 hierarchically modulated in the hierarchical symbol mapper 215 includes a Sync 921, a FIC 922, and an MSC 923 and each of the sub carriers of the OFDM symbols for the FIC 922 and MSC 923 transmits 3 bits data (base layer 2 bits + enhancement layer 1 bit).
In the present invention, the apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting receives the hierarchical modulation information and transmits the hierarchical modulation information through the FIC for the base layer to be able to receive the enhancement layer frame therethrough.
The FIC for the base layer has a plurality of fast information group (FIG) and the present invention will describe, by way of example, a case where the FIG transmits the hierarchical modulation mode.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing FIG (FIG 0/15) of type 0 having 15 extension fields according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG 0/15 1000 includes FIG type 1001 of 3 bits, Length 1002 of 5 bits, and FIG data field 1003 of 16 bits and FIG data field 1003 of 16 bits includes Current/Next (C/N) 1004 of 1 bit, Other Ensemble (OE) 1005 of 1 bit, P/D 1006 of 1 bit, Extension 1007 of 5 bits, and Type 0 field 1008 of 8 bits.
Type 0 field 1008 of 8 bits includes a hierarchical modulation field 1009 of 2 bits, a hierarchical modulation mode identifier 1010 of 2 bits, and Rfu 1011 of 4bits.
The hierarchical modulation field 1009 is stored with information on the hierarchical modulation index α necessary for receiving the enhancement layer frame and the hierarchical modulation mode identifier 1010 is stored with information on the modulation mode applied to the enhancement layer frame. The hierarchical modulation mode identifier 1010 may be defined like Table 7.
Table 7
Hierarchical modulation mode identifier Hierarchical modulation mode
0 0 Hierarchical modulation mode 2 (BPSK scheme)
0 1 Hierarchical modulation mode 1 (QPSK scheme)
1 0 reserved
1 1 reserved
Referring to Table 6, when a value of 2 bits corresponding to the hierarchical modulation mode identifier is "00", it means that the enhancement layer transmission stream is modulated by hierarchical modulation mode 2, that is, the BPSK scheme. Further, when a value of 2 bits is "01", it means that the enhancement layer transmission stream is modulated by the enhancement modulation mode 1, that is, the QPSK scheme.
Further, Rfu 1011 is a reserved field to be used in the future.
Hereinafter, the apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 13 is a diagram conceptually showing the apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 13, an apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting 1101 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a receiver 1102, a base layer processor 1103, an enhancement layer processor 1104, a video decoder 1105, and an audio decoder 1106.
The receiver 1102 receives the transmission frame from the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 and separates the base layer transmission stream and the enhancement layer transmission stream based on the hierarchical modulation mode included in the transmission frame.
The base layer processor 1103 demultiplexes the base layer transmission stream output from the receiver 1102 and outputs it as the base layer video stream and the base layer audio stream.
The enhancement layer processor 1104 demultiplexes the enhancement layer video stream output from the receiver 1102 and outputs it as the enhancement layer video stream and the enhancement layer audio stream.
The video decoder 1105 receives the base layer video stream processed in the base layer processor 1103 and the enhancement layer video stream processed in the enhancement layer processor 1104 and can decode them using only the base layer vide stream and can decode the high-quality video services using both the base layer video stream and the enhancement layer video stream.
The audio decoder 1106 receives the base layer audio stream processed in the base layer processor 1103 and the enhancement layer audio stream processed in the enhancement layer processor 1104 and can decode them using only the base layer audio stream and can decode the high-quality audio services using both the base layer audio stream and the enhancement layer audio stream.
FIG. 14 is a diagram conceptually showing the receiver 1102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 14, the receiver 1102 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a guard interval removing unit 1201, a fast Fourier transform (FFT) unit 1202, and a hierarchical symbol demapper 1203,
a differential demodulator 1204, a frequency deinterleaver 1205, a base layer symbol demapper 1206, a time deinterleaver 1207, a convolutional decoder 1208, and an energy diffusion descrambler 1209, for the base layer transmission stream, and
a frequency deinterleaver 1210, an enhancement layer symbol demapper 1211, a time deinterleaver 1212, an internal decoder 1213, and an energy diffusion descrambler 1214, for the enhancement layer transmission stream.
The guard interval of the transmission frame received from the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 is removed from the guard interval removing unit 1201 and the transmission frame received from the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 is subjected to fasf Fourier transform (FFT) in the fast Fourier transform (FFT) unit 1202 and is converted into a signal in a frequency domain.
Thereafter, the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 separates the base layer transmission stream and the enhancement layer transmission stream based on the hierarchical modulation index α and the information on the hierarchical modulation mode, which are included in FIG 0/15 1000 in the transmission frame.
Specifically, the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 first grasps a base layer signal and operates the difference between the grasped signal and the received signal to separate the enhancement layer signal and perform the demapping thereon.
FIG. 15 is a diagram conceptually showing the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 15, the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a hierarchical demodulator 1301, a base layer baseband processor 1302, a base layer FIC analyzer 1303, an enhancement layer baseband processor 1304, and an enhancement layer FIC analyzer 1305.
The hierarchical demodulator 1301 separates the transmission frame to the base layer frame and enhancement layer frame based on the hierarchical modulation index α and the hierarchical modulation mode, which are included in the transmission frame and outputs the base layer frame to the base layer baseband processor 1302 and outputs the enhancement layer frame to the enhancement layer baseband processor 1304.
The base layer baseband processor 1302 outputs FIC for the base layer output from the layer demodulator 1301 to the base layer FIC analyzer 1303 and outputs MSC for the base layer to the differential demodulator 1204.
The base layer FIC analyzer 1303 determines whether it is the broadcasting signal by the hierarchical modulation, based on whether FIG 0/15 is included in the FIC received from the base layer baseband processor 1302. If it is determined that the FIC included the FIG 0/15, the hierarchical modulation mode and the hierarchical modulation index α included in the FIG 0/15 are grasped and the grasped hierarchical modulation index DeletedTexts and hierarchical modulation mode are output to the hierarchical demodulator 1301.
In addition, the base layer FIC analyzer 1303 analyzes information such as a transmission channel of data included in the MSC for the base layer.
The enhancement layer baseband processor 1304 outputs the FIC for the enhancement layer output from the layer demodulator 1301 to the enhancement layer FIC analyzer 1305 and outputs the MSC for the enhancement layer to the frequency deinterleaver 1210.
The enhancement layer FIC analyzer 1305 analyzes the information such as the transmission channel of data included in the MSC for the enhancement layer.
Thereafter, the MSC signal for the basic layer output from the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 is demodulated in the differential demodulator 1204 by the π/4 DQPSK(Differential QPSK) scheme, frequency-deinterleaved in the frequency deinterleaver 1205, and then demodulated in the base layer symbol demapper 1206 by the QPSK scheme.
Thereafter, the demodulated signal is time-deinterleaved in the time deinterleaver 1207, is decoded in the convolutional decoder 1208, and then descrambled in the energy diffusion descrambler 1209.
In addition, the MSC signal for the enhancement layer output from the hierarchical symbol demapper 1203 is frequency-deinterleaved in the frequency deinterleaver 1210 and demapped by the QPSK or BPSK scheme according to the hierarchical modulation mode in the enhancement layer symbol demapper 1211.
Thereafter, the interleaveing depth of the demapped signal is determined in the time deinterleaver 1212 according to the hierarchical modulation mode so that the demapped signal is time-interleaved. In detail, the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 2 has the interleaving depth twice as large as the case of the hierarchical modulation mode 1.
Thereafter, the time interleaved signal is decoded in the internal decoder 1213 and descrambled in the energy diffusion descrambler 1214.
With an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 selects the hierarchical modulation mode according to the digital multimedia broadcasting environment to transmit the enhancement layer signal to the apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting 1101.
In addition, the transmission frame transmitted from the apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting 100 includes the information on the hierarchical modulation mode so that the apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting 1101 grasps the hierarchical modulation mode for the enhancement layer in the transmission frame and demodulate the enhancement layer signal according to the grasped modulation scheme.
The above-mentioned exemplary embodiments of the present invention are not embodied only by a apparatus and method. Alternatively, the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments may be embodied by a program performing functions, which correspond to the configuration of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, or a recording medium on which the program is recorded. These embodiments can be easily devised from the description of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains.
While this invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (19)

  1. An apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting, comprising:
    a base layer processor that outputs a base layer stream;
    an enhancement layer processor that outputs an enhancement layer stream; and
    a transmitter that modulates the enhancement layer stream based on one of a first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes and maps a symbol of the modulated enhancement layer stream based on a symbol position of the base layer stream to generate a transmission frame.
  2. The apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 1, wherein:
    the first hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer stream by an QPSK scheme, and
    the second hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates an enhancement layer stream by a BPSK scheme.
  3. The apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 1, wherein:
    the transmitter includes
    an enhancement layer symbol mapper that modulates the enhancement layer stream based on one hierarchical modulation mode; and
    a time interleaver that performs a time interleave on the enhancement layer stream, prior to modulating the enhancement layer stream, and
    a depth of the time interleave at the first hierarchical modulation mode is different from a depth of the time interleave at the second hierarchical modulation mode.
  4. The apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 3, wherein:
    the first hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer stream by the QPSK scheme and the second hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer stream by the BPSK scheme,
    the depth of the time interleave at a second hierarchical modulation mode is twice as large as that of the time interleave of the first hierarchical modulation mode.
  5. The apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 3, wherein:
    the transmitter further includes
    an enhancement layer frame generator that generates a main service channel based on a common interleave frame for the enhancement layer stream output from the time interleaver, prior to modulating the enhancement layer strem,
    a length of the common interleave frame at the first hierarchical modulation mode is different from a length of the common interleave frame at the second modulation mode.
  6. The apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 5, wherein:
    the first hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer stream by the QPSK scheme and the second hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer stream by the BPSK scheme,
    the length of the common interleave frame at the second hierarchical modulation mode is twice as large as that of the common interleave frame at the first modulation mode.
  7. The apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 1, wherein:
    the transmitter includes
    a hierarchical symbol mapper that maps the output of the enhancement layer symbol mapper based on the symbol position of the base layer stream,
    a size of data transmitted by one symbol at the first hierarchical modulation mode is different from a size of data transmitted by one symbol at the second hierarchical modulation mode.
  8. The apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 1, wherein:
    the transmission frame includes a base layer fast information channel including base layer information, a base layer main service channel including the symbol of the base layer stream, an enhancement layer fast information channel including enhancement layer information, and an enhancement layer main service channel including the symbol of the enhancement layer stream, and
    the base layer fast information channel includes an identifier of the hierarchical modulation mode used in the transmitter.
  9. The apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 8, wherein:
    the base layer fast information channel further includes a hierarchical modulation index that determines the symbol position of the enhancement layer stream.
  10. A method for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting by an apparatus for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting, comprising:
    outputting a base layer stream and outputting an enhancement layer stream; and
    modulating the enhancement layer stream based on one of first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes and mapping a symbol of the modulated enhancement layer stream based on a symbol position of the base layer stream to generate a transmission frame.
  11. The method for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 10, wherein:
    the first hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer stream by a QPSK scheme, and
    the second hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer stream by an BPSK scheme.
  12. The method for transmitting digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 11, wherein:
    the generating includes modulating the enhancement layer stream based on one hierarchical modulation mode; and
    performing a time interleave on the enhancement layer stream prior to modulating the enhancement layer stream, and
    a depth of the time interleave at the second hierarchical modulation mode is twice as large as a depth of the time interleave at the first hierarchical modulation mode.
  13. An apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting, comprising:
    a receiver that grasps a hierarchical modulation mode used for a transmission frame of first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes based on a hierarchical modulation mode identifier included in the transmission frame and separates a base layer transmission stream and an enhancement layer transmission stream at the transmission frame based on the grasped hierarchical modulation mode;
    a base layer processor that demultiplexes the base layer transmission stream; and
    an enhancement layer processor that demultiplexes the enhancement layer transmission stream.
  14. The apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 13, wherein:
    the transmission frame includes a base layer fast information channel including base layer information, a base layer main service channel including the symbol of the base layer stream, an enhancement layer fast information channel including enhancement layer information, and an enhancement layer main service channel including the symbol of the enhancement layer stream, and
    the base layer fast information channel includes the identifier of the hierarchical modulation mode used in the transmitter.
  15. The apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 14, wherein:
    the base layer fast information channel further includes a hierarchical modulation index that determines the symbol position of the enhancement layer stream, and
    the receiver grasps the position of the enhancement layer symbol based on the hierarchical modulation index.
  16. The apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 15, wherein:
    the first hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer stream by a QPSK scheme,
    the second hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer transmission stream by the BPSK scheme.
  17. A method for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting by an apparatus for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting, comprising:
    grasping a hierarchical modulation mode used for a transmission frame of first and second hierarchical modulation modes using different modulation schemes based on a hierarchical modulation mode identifier included in the transmission frame
    separating a base layer transmission stream and an enhancement layer transmission stream at the transmission frame based on the grasped hierarchical modulation mode;
    demultiplexing the basic layer transmission stream; and
    demultiplexing the enhancement layer transmission stream.
  18. The method for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 17, wherein:
    the transmission frame includes a base layer fast information channel including base layer information, a base layer main service channel including the symbol of the base layer stream, an enhancement layer fast information channel including enhancement layer information, and an enhancement layer main service channel including the symbol of the enhancement layer stream, and
    the base layer fast information channel includes an identifier of the hierarchical modulation mode used in the transmitter.
  19. The method for receiving digital multimedia broadcasting of claim 18, wherein:
    the first hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer stream by a QPSK scheme, and
    the second hierarchical modulation mode is a mode that modulates the enhancement layer transmission stream by an BPSK scheme.
PCT/KR2009/004567 2008-08-14 2009-08-14 Apparatus for transmitting and receiving digital multimedia broadcasting and method thereof Ceased WO2010019018A2 (en)

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