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WO2010012338A1 - Battery, in particular a vehicle battery - Google Patents

Battery, in particular a vehicle battery Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010012338A1
WO2010012338A1 PCT/EP2009/004553 EP2009004553W WO2010012338A1 WO 2010012338 A1 WO2010012338 A1 WO 2010012338A1 EP 2009004553 W EP2009004553 W EP 2009004553W WO 2010012338 A1 WO2010012338 A1 WO 2010012338A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
individual cells
cooling plate
recesses
cell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2009/004553
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Norbert Bachmann
Jens Meintschel
Martin Righi
Dirk Schröter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Daimler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler AG filed Critical Daimler AG
Publication of WO2010012338A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010012338A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/643—Cylindrical cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery for a vehicle, in particular a battery for a vehicle with hybrid drive or a fuel cell vehicle, according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Batteries are known in the prior art, in which a plurality of arranged in series and / or parallel individual cells are arranged and form a cell block.
  • This cell block must be cooled to dissipate the resulting heat loss of the individual cells. This is done by liquid cooling or by cooling by means of pre-cooled air, which is passed directly between the individual cells. For reasons of space, liquid cooling is preferably used.
  • a cooling plate through which refrigerant flows is arranged on the cell block. In the longitudinal direction of the individual cell, the heat is conducted either through separate cooling rods or through the cell wall of the individual cells, which is partially or uniformly thickened on the circumference, to the cooling plate.
  • the heat technology connection of the individual cells to the cooling rods is material and form-fitting by potting compound. At the same time, the potting compound takes on the electrical insulation and fixes the individual cells in the cell assembly.
  • Another disadvantage is the positioning of the individual cells relative to the cooling plate. This is affected by the accuracy of the potting device prior to final assembly. Between the single cells and the cooling plate arises Production-related gap, whose expansion is variable depending on the manufacturing tolerances of the casting device.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a battery with an improved attachment of the individual cells.
  • a plurality of individual cells connected in series and / or in parallel with one another are arranged in a battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery.
  • the individual cells are freely arranged at one of the ends in recesses of a holding plate and fixed at the opposite end.
  • the individual cells Due to the fixation of the individual cells at one end and the free arrangement of the other ends of the individual cells in recesses of a retaining plate, the individual cells are securely fastened in the battery housing. At the same time, however, a thermal expansion of the individual cells in the axial direction in the recesses of the holding plate is made possible. Since the fixation of the individual cells at the pole end is preferably carried out on a cooling plate, in this way, a comparison with the prior art optimized heat dissipation of individual cells is achieved on the cooling plate, since no arises depending on tolerances variable manufacturing gap between individual cells and cooling plate. The use of height tolerance compensating cell connectors is no longer necessary, since the thermal expansion of the cells in the axial direction is completely in the direction of the housing bottom of the battery.
  • the single cells Due to the arrangement of the individual cells in the recesses of the holding plate before the battery assembly, the single cells can easily with the pushed the other end to the cooling plate and then fixed there, since an axial displacement of the individual cells in the holding plate is possible. This facilitates the installation of the battery.
  • the holding plate is formed such that a plurality of recesses are arranged in series and a plurality of rows of recesses in parallel offset in each case by half a recess order, and thus a honeycomb structure of the holding plate is formed.
  • This arrangement of the recesses increases the packing density of the individual cells arranged therein, which leads to a reduction in the installation space requirement of the battery, which is particularly desirable when using the battery in vehicles.
  • the retaining plate also serves as an electrically insulating spacer between the individual cells.
  • the formations of the recesses of the retaining plate preferably correspond with formations of a jacket of the individual cells. If the sheathing of the individual cells is cylindrical, the holding plate contains round recesses whose diameters correspond to the cross section of the sheath of the individual cells.
  • the recesses of the holding plate in shape and dimension also correspond with these to the outer dimensions and shapes of the individual cells.
  • the recesses in the holding plate are shaped in such a way that they correspond to the contours of the sheath of the individual cells. In this way, the individual cells are stored stable against radial position changes and rotational movements.
  • the cooling plate is preferably arranged. This cooling plate is provided with recesses for carrying out the cell poles of the individual cells.
  • the individual cells are firmly fixed on the pole side to the cooling plate. In this way, a good thermal connection of the individual cells to the cooling plate is ensured, so that the heat loss of the individual cells can be optimally dissipated.
  • a heat-conducting foil can be arranged between the pole side of the individual cells and the cooling plate to further improve the thermal connection.
  • the recesses of the cooling plate preferably correspond with the dimensions of the cell poles of the individual cells.
  • At the top of the cooling plate cell connectors are also arranged. By these cell connectors, which are placed on the guided through the recesses of the cooling plate cell poles of the individual cells, the individual cells are connected in series and / or parallel to each other and attached to the cooling plate.
  • the individual cells are positively connected to the cooling plate and retaining plate and fixed against radial movements and rotational movements.
  • holding plate and cooling plate support the inserted single cells against lateral movements.
  • the individual cells are at least secured by the fact that the contours of the recesses for the pole contacts in the cooling plate are not round, but correspond to the outer contours of the pole contacts and lie in a form-fitting manner to this.
  • a rotational movement of the pole contacts and thus the individual cells is no longer possible.
  • the individual cells are not round in design, but, for example, polygonal, or the casing of the individual cells is partially thickened, a rotation movement of the individual cells is prevented by the holding plate, since the inner contours of the recesses in the holding plate with the outer contours of the individual cells correspond and form-fitting manner abut the individual cells.
  • the retaining plate, the individual cells arranged therein, the cooling plate arranged on the pole side of the individual cells and the cell connectors are arranged as an integrated structural unit in a battery housing.
  • the battery case is expediently closed with a housing cover from above and with a housing bottom from below.
  • a free space is formed between the housing bottom and bottom part of the individual cells.
  • this free space in the individual cells can expand in the axial direction due to heat, without being damaged or damage other parts of the battery.
  • the battery is particularly suitable as a vehicle battery, in particular as a battery for a vehicle with hybrid drive or a fuel cell vehicle.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that the secure attachment of the individual cells can be ensured in the long run, since they are securely fixed in the region of the cell poles on the cooling plate and are prevented by the support plate radial movements of the individual cells. Due to the free space between the bottom region of the individual cells and the housing bottom, thermal expansion of the individual cells is made possible without causing mechanical stresses between individual cells and other battery parts due to different thermal expansions and temperature levels of different parts (eg potting compound) or damaging the individual cells or other parts of the battery become.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a battery from below
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a battery from above
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a battery according to the section line V-V shown in Figure 4,
  • Fig. 6 is an exploded view of a battery with housing cover
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a battery 1 from below.
  • a plurality of individual cells 2 are arranged in a holding plate 3 and fixed with this in a battery case 4, preferably, the holding plate 3 is screwed thereto.
  • the holding plate 3 prevents radial movements of the individual cells. 2
  • Figure 2 shows an exploded view of a battery 1.
  • the holding plate 3 recesses 5 for receiving the individual cells 2 are arranged.
  • the holding plate 3 is formed such that a plurality of recesses 5 are arranged in series and a plurality of rows of recesses 5 in parallel offset in each case by half a recess 5 order and so a honeycomb structure of the holding plate 3 is formed.
  • This arrangement of the recesses 5 increases the packing density of the individual cells 2 arranged therein, which leads to a reduction of the installation space requirement of the battery 1, which is particularly desirable when using the battery 1 in vehicles. If individual cells 2 are used, in which cell lids 14 or sheath form a pole contact, the holding plate 3 also serves as an electrically insulating spacer between the individual cells 2.
  • the cell poles 8 are passed through these recesses 7.
  • cell connectors 9 are placed on the cell poles 8 in order to connect the individual cells 2 in series and / or parallel to each other
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a battery 1 from above.
  • the cell poles 8 of the individual cells 2 are passed through the recesses 7 of the cooling plate 6 and fixedly fixed thereto.
  • the cell connectors 9 are placed on the cell poles 8 of the individual cells 2. Due to the fixed fixing of the individual cells 2 on the pole side on the cooling plate 6, these cell connectors 9 no longer have to be used in height tolerance compensating design since the thermal expansion of the individual cells 2 takes place only in the axial direction of the underside of the battery 1.
  • the assembly consisting of individual cells 2, retaining plate 3, cooling plate 6 and cell connectors 9, is inserted into a battery case 4 and fixedly connected to the battery case 4, for example, by screwing the cooling plate 6 and retaining plate 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows an illustration of a battery 1 from below. Shown is a section line V-V for the sectional view in Figure 5.
  • the single cells 2 are arranged in the holding plate 3 and inserted together with this in the battery case 4.
  • the holding plate 3 is fastened for example by screwing on the battery case 4.
  • the individual cells 2 are stably installed against changes in position, in particular in the radial direction and rotation in the battery housing 4.
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of a battery 1 corresponding to the section line VV shown in FIG. Shown is an integrated unit consisting of the holding plate 3, the single cells 2, the cooling plate 6 and the cell connectors 9. The individual cells 2 are arranged in the holding plate 3, fixed to the cooling plate 6 and electrically connected to the cell connectors 9 in series and / or parallel , This integrated assembly is arranged in the battery case 4, wherein the holding plate 3 and the cooling plate 6 are secured thereto, for example by screwing.
  • a closure element 13 is arranged, which closes an opening in the cell lid 14, which is preferably used in one embodiment for filling the single cell 2 with electrolyte liquid.
  • cooling channels 10 are integrated, through which a coolant is passed to dissipate the transferred to the cooling plate 6 heat loss of the individual cells 2 from the battery 1. Based on the arrow P on the individual cells 2, the axial thermal expansion of the individual cells 2 can be seen.
  • the individual cells 2 are firmly fixed to the cooling plate 6.
  • FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of a battery 1 with a housing cover 11 and housing bottom 12.
  • the individual cells 2 are arranged in the recesses 5 of the retaining plate 3 in an axially freely movable manner.
  • the cell poles 8 of the individual cells 2 are passed through the recesses 7 provided in the cooling plate 6.
  • the cell connectors 9 are placed on the protruding cell poles 8 and the individual cells 2 connected in this way serially and / or parallel to each other and fixed to the cooling plate 6.
  • the housing bottom 12 of the battery case 4 is formed such that after complete installation of the battery 1, a clearance between the bottom of the individual cells 2 and the housing bottom 12 is formed. In this way, space is created for the thermal expansion of the individual cells 2 in the axial direction, which takes place exclusively in the direction of the housing bottom 12, ie in this free space, since the pole end of the individual cells 2 firmly fixed to the cooling plate 6 and the cell bottom in the recesses 5 of Holding plate 3 is arranged axially freely movable.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery (1) having a plurality of individual cells (2) which are connected in series and/or in parallel with one another. According to the invention, individual cells (2) are arranged such that they can move freely, in particular in an axial direction, at one of the ends in cutouts (5) in a holding plate (3), and are fixed at the opposite end.

Description

Batterie, insbesondere Fahrzeugbatterie Battery, in particular vehicle battery

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Batterie, insbesondere eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere eine Batterie für ein Fahrzeug mit Hybridantrieb oder ein Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug, nach den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery for a vehicle, in particular a battery for a vehicle with hybrid drive or a fuel cell vehicle, according to the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Nach dem Stand der Technik sind Batterien bekannt, in denen eine Mehrzahl von in Serie und/oder parallel geschalteten Einzelzellen angeordnet sind und einen Zellblock bilden. Dieser Zellblock muss gekühlt werden, um die entstehende Verlustwärme der Einzelzellen abzuführen. Dies erfolgt durch Flüssigkeitskühlung oder durch Kühlung mittels vorgekühlter Luft, die direkt zwischen die Einzelzellen geleitet wird. Aus Bauraumgründen findet vorzugsweise die Flüssigkeitskühlung Anwendung. Bei dieser Lösung ist am Zellblock eine von Kältemittel durchströmte Kühlplatte angeordnet. In Längsrichtung der Einzelzelle wird die Wärme entweder durch separate Kühlstäbe oder durch die gleichmäßig oder bauraumsparend am Umfang partiell aufgedickte Zellwand der Einzelzellen zur Kühlplatte geleitet. Die wärmetechnische Anbindung der Einzelzellen an die Kühlstäbe erfolgt Stoff- und formschlüssig durch Vergussmasse. Die Vergussmasse übernimmt gleichzeitig die elektrische Isolation und fixiert die Einzelzellen im Zellverbund.Batteries are known in the prior art, in which a plurality of arranged in series and / or parallel individual cells are arranged and form a cell block. This cell block must be cooled to dissipate the resulting heat loss of the individual cells. This is done by liquid cooling or by cooling by means of pre-cooled air, which is passed directly between the individual cells. For reasons of space, liquid cooling is preferably used. In this solution, a cooling plate through which refrigerant flows is arranged on the cell block. In the longitudinal direction of the individual cell, the heat is conducted either through separate cooling rods or through the cell wall of the individual cells, which is partially or uniformly thickened on the circumference, to the cooling plate. The heat technology connection of the individual cells to the cooling rods is material and form-fitting by potting compound. At the same time, the potting compound takes on the electrical insulation and fixes the individual cells in the cell assembly.

Aus dieser Konstruktion ergeben sich Nachteile durch auftretende mechanische Spannungen im Zellblock, die durch unterschiedliche Wärmedehnungen von Einzelzellen und Vergussmasse sowie unterschiedliche Temperaturniveaus entstehen. Durch diese auftretenden Kräfte lösen sich die Einzelzellen nach einiger Zeit aus der Vergussmasse, so dass der Zusammenhalt des Zellblocks nicht mehr sichergestellt ist.From this construction, disadvantages result from occurring mechanical stresses in the cell block, which are caused by different thermal expansions of single cells and potting compound and different temperature levels. As a result of these forces, the individual cells are released from the potting compound after some time, so that the cohesion of the cell block is no longer ensured.

Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht in der Positionierung der Einzelzellen gegenüber der Kühlplatte. Diese wird durch die Genauigkeit der Vergussvorrichtung vor der endgültigen Montage beeinflusst. Zwischen den Einzelzellen und der Kühlplatte entsteht ein fertigungsbedingter Spalt, dessen Ausdehnung abhängig von den Herstellungstoleranzen der Vergussvorrichtung variabel ist.Another disadvantage is the positioning of the individual cells relative to the cooling plate. This is affected by the accuracy of the potting device prior to final assembly. Between the single cells and the cooling plate arises Production-related gap, whose expansion is variable depending on the manufacturing tolerances of the casting device.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Batterie mit einer verbesserten Befestigung der Einzelzellen anzugeben.The invention has for its object to provide a battery with an improved attachment of the individual cells.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Batterie mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by a battery having the features of claim 1.

Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.Preferred embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Eine Mehrzahl von in Serie und/oder parallel miteinander verschalteten Einzelzellen sind in einer Batterie, insbesondere einer Lithium-Ionen-Batterie, angeordnet. Erfindungsgemäß sind die Einzelzellen an einem der Enden in Aussparungen einer Halteplatte frei angeordnet und am gegenüberliegenden Ende fixiert.A plurality of individual cells connected in series and / or in parallel with one another are arranged in a battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery. According to the invention, the individual cells are freely arranged at one of the ends in recesses of a holding plate and fixed at the opposite end.

Aufgrund der Fixierung der Einzelzellen an einem Ende und der freien Anordnung der anderen Enden der Einzelzellen in Aussparungen einer Halteplatte sind die Einzelzellen sicher im Batteriegehäuse befestigt. Gleichzeitig wird aber eine Wärmedehnung der Einzelzellen in axialer Richtung in den Aussparungen der Halteplatte ermöglicht. Da die Fixierung der Einzelzellen am Polende vorzugsweise an einer Kühlplatte erfolgt, wird auf diese Weise auch eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik optimierte Wärmeableitung von Einzelzellen auf die Kühlplatte erreicht, da kein in Abhängigkeit von Toleranzen variabler fertigungsbedingter Spalt zwischen Einzelzellen und Kühlplatte entsteht. Auch der Einsatz von höhentoleranzausgleichenden Zellverbindern ist nicht mehr nötig, da die Wärmedehnung der Zellen in axialer Richtung vollständig in Richtung Gehäuseboden der Batterie erfolgt.Due to the fixation of the individual cells at one end and the free arrangement of the other ends of the individual cells in recesses of a retaining plate, the individual cells are securely fastened in the battery housing. At the same time, however, a thermal expansion of the individual cells in the axial direction in the recesses of the holding plate is made possible. Since the fixation of the individual cells at the pole end is preferably carried out on a cooling plate, in this way, a comparison with the prior art optimized heat dissipation of individual cells is achieved on the cooling plate, since no arises depending on tolerances variable manufacturing gap between individual cells and cooling plate. The use of height tolerance compensating cell connectors is no longer necessary, since the thermal expansion of the cells in the axial direction is completely in the direction of the housing bottom of the battery.

Auch die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Beschädigungen an Batterieteilen, insbesondere Vergussmasse, die nach einiger Betriebszeit infolge von mechanischen Spannungen zwischen den Einzelzellen und anderen Batterieteilen, insbesondere Vergussmasse, aufgrund unterschiedlicher Wärmedehnungen und Temperaturniveaus auftreten, werden durch eine erfindungsgemäße Anordnung vermieden.The known from the prior art damage to battery parts, in particular potting that occur after some time due to mechanical stresses between the individual cells and other battery parts, in particular potting compound, due to different thermal expansion and temperature levels are avoided by an inventive arrangement.

Durch die Anordnung der Einzelzellen in den Aussparungen der Halteplatte bereits vor der Batteriemontage können die Einzelzellen während der Montage problemlos mit dem anderen Ende an die Kühlplatte geschoben und dort danach befestigt werden, da eine axiale Verschiebung der Einzelzellen in der Halteplatte möglich ist. Dies erleichtert die Montage der Batterie.Due to the arrangement of the individual cells in the recesses of the holding plate before the battery assembly, the single cells can easily with the pushed the other end to the cooling plate and then fixed there, since an axial displacement of the individual cells in the holding plate is possible. This facilitates the installation of the battery.

Die Halteplatte ist derart ausgeformt, dass mehrere Aussparungen in Reihe und mehrere Reihen von Aussparungen parallel in jeweils um eine halbe Aussparung versetzter Reihenfolge angeordnet sind und so eine Wabenstruktur der Halteplatte gebildet wird. Diese Anordnung der Aussparungen erhöht die Packungsdichte der darin angeordneten Einzelzellen, was zu einer Reduktion des Bauraumbedarfs der Batterie führt, was insbesondere beim Einsatz der Batterie in Fahrzeugen erwünscht ist.The holding plate is formed such that a plurality of recesses are arranged in series and a plurality of rows of recesses in parallel offset in each case by half a recess order, and thus a honeycomb structure of the holding plate is formed. This arrangement of the recesses increases the packing density of the individual cells arranged therein, which leads to a reduction in the installation space requirement of the battery, which is particularly desirable when using the battery in vehicles.

Werden Einzelzellen verwendet, bei denen Zelldeckel oder Ummantelung einen Polkontakt bilden, dient die Halteplatte auch als elektrisch isolierender Abstandshalter zwischen den Einzelzellen.If single cells are used in which the cell cover or sheath form a pole contact, the retaining plate also serves as an electrically insulating spacer between the individual cells.

In jeweils eine dieser Aussparungen in der Halteplatte ist jeweils eine Einzelzelle in vertikaler Richtung so angeordnet, dass die Einzelzellen mit ihrer Längsachse parallel zueinander in dieser Halteplatte angeordnet sind. Dadurch ist während der Montage eine vertikale Verschiebung der Einzelzellen in Richtung Kühlplatte möglich, was die Fertigung der Batterie vereinfacht und die spaltfreie Anbindung und Fixierung eines Endes der Einzelzellen an die Kühlplatte ermöglicht.In each case one of these recesses in the holding plate, a single cell in the vertical direction is arranged in each case so that the individual cells are arranged with their longitudinal axis parallel to each other in this holding plate. As a result, a vertical displacement of the individual cells in the direction of the cooling plate is possible during assembly, which simplifies the production of the battery and enables the gap-free connection and fixation of an end of the individual cells to the cooling plate.

Die Ausformungen der Aussparungen der Halteplatte korrespondieren vorzugsweise mit Ausformungen einer Ummantelung der Einzelzellen. Ist die Ummantelung der Einzelzellen zylinderförmig, so enthält die Halteplatte runde Aussparungen, deren Durchmesser dem Querschnitt der Ummantelung der Einzelzellen entsprechen.The formations of the recesses of the retaining plate preferably correspond with formations of a jacket of the individual cells. If the sheathing of the individual cells is cylindrical, the holding plate contains round recesses whose diameters correspond to the cross section of the sheath of the individual cells.

Sind die Einzelzellen vieleckig, zum Beispiel achteckig oder prismenförmig, so korrespondieren die Aussparungen der Halteplatte in Ausformung und Abmessung ebenfalls mit diesen den Außenabmessungen und Formen der Einzelzellen.If the individual cells are polygonal, for example octagonal or prism-shaped, then the recesses of the holding plate in shape and dimension also correspond with these to the outer dimensions and shapes of the individual cells.

In einer möglichen weiteren Ausführungsform, in der die Ummantelung der Einzelzellen zur besseren Ableitung der Verlustwärme partiell aufgedickt ist, sind die Aussparungen in der Halteplatte derart ausgeformt, dass sie mit den Konturen der Ummantelung der Einzelzellen korrespondieren. Auf diese Weise sind die Einzelzellen stabil gegen radiale Lageveränderungen und Drehbewegungen gelagert. Auf der Polseite der Einzelzellen ist vorzugsweise die Kühlplatte angeordnet. Diese Kühlplatte ist mit Ausnehmungen für eine Durchführung der Zellpole der Einzelzellen versehen.In a possible further embodiment, in which the sheathing of the individual cells is partially thickened for a better dissipation of the lost heat, the recesses in the holding plate are shaped in such a way that they correspond to the contours of the sheath of the individual cells. In this way, the individual cells are stored stable against radial position changes and rotational movements. On the pole side of the individual cells, the cooling plate is preferably arranged. This cooling plate is provided with recesses for carrying out the cell poles of the individual cells.

Die Einzelzellen liegen auf der Polseite an der Kühlplatte fest fixiert an. Auf diese Weise ist eine gute wärmetechnische Anbindung der Einzelzellen an die Kühlplatte sichergestellt, so dass die Verlustwärme der Einzelzellen optimal abgeführt werden kann. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann zwischen der Polseite der Einzelzellen und der Kühlplatte zur weiteren Verbesserung der wärmetechnischen Anbindung eine Wärmeleitfolie angeordnet sein.The individual cells are firmly fixed on the pole side to the cooling plate. In this way, a good thermal connection of the individual cells to the cooling plate is ensured, so that the heat loss of the individual cells can be optimally dissipated. In a further embodiment, a heat-conducting foil can be arranged between the pole side of the individual cells and the cooling plate to further improve the thermal connection.

Die Ausnehmungen der Kühlplatte korrespondieren vorzugsweise mit den Abmessungen der Zellpole der Einzelzellen. An der Oberseite der Kühlplatte sind darüber hinaus Zellverbinder angeordnet. Durch diese Zellverbinder, die auf die durch die Ausnehmungen der Kühlplatte hindurchgeführten Zellpole der Einzelzellen aufgesetzt sind, sind die Einzelzellen seriell und/oder parallel miteinander verbunden und an der Kühlplatte befestigt.The recesses of the cooling plate preferably correspond with the dimensions of the cell poles of the individual cells. At the top of the cooling plate cell connectors are also arranged. By these cell connectors, which are placed on the guided through the recesses of the cooling plate cell poles of the individual cells, the individual cells are connected in series and / or parallel to each other and attached to the cooling plate.

Durch die mit den Abmessungen der Zellpole korrespondierenden Ausnehmungen in der Kühlplatte sowie die mit den Ausformungen der Ummantelung der Einzelzellen korrespondierenden Aussparungen in der Halteplatte sind die Einzelzellen mit Kühlplatte und Halteplatte formschlüssig verbunden und gegenüber radialen Bewegungen sowie Drehbewegungen fixiert.By corresponding with the dimensions of the cell poles recesses in the cooling plate and corresponding to the formations of the sheath of the individual cells recesses in the retaining plate, the individual cells are positively connected to the cooling plate and retaining plate and fixed against radial movements and rotational movements.

Mit anderen Worten: Halteplatte und Kühlplatte stützen die eingeschobenen Einzelzellen gegen seitliche Bewegungen. Gegen Drehbewegungen sind die Einzelzellen zumindest dadurch gesichert, dass die Konturen der Ausnehmungen für die Polkontakte in der Kühlplatte nicht rund sind, sondern mit den Außenkonturen der Polkontakte korrespondieren und entsprechend formschlüssig an diesen anliegen. Dadurch ist eine Drehbewegung der Polkontakte und damit der Einzelzellen nicht mehr möglich. Sind die Einzelzellen nicht in runder Ausführungsform, sondern zum Beispiel vieleckig, oder ist die Ummantelung der Einzelzellen partiell aufgedickt, wird auch durch die Halteplatte eine Drehbewegung der Einzelzellen verhindert, da die Innenkonturen der Aussparungen in der Halteplatte mit den Außenkonturen der Einzelzellen korrespondieren und formschlüssig an den Einzelzellen anliegen. Die Halteplatte, die darin angeordneten Einzelzellen, die an der Polseite der Einzelzellen angeordnete Kühlplatte sowie die Zellverbinder sind als eine integrierte Baueinheit in einem Batteriegehäuse angeordnet.In other words: holding plate and cooling plate support the inserted single cells against lateral movements. Against rotary movements, the individual cells are at least secured by the fact that the contours of the recesses for the pole contacts in the cooling plate are not round, but correspond to the outer contours of the pole contacts and lie in a form-fitting manner to this. As a result, a rotational movement of the pole contacts and thus the individual cells is no longer possible. If the individual cells are not round in design, but, for example, polygonal, or the casing of the individual cells is partially thickened, a rotation movement of the individual cells is prevented by the holding plate, since the inner contours of the recesses in the holding plate with the outer contours of the individual cells correspond and form-fitting manner abut the individual cells. The retaining plate, the individual cells arranged therein, the cooling plate arranged on the pole side of the individual cells and the cell connectors are arranged as an integrated structural unit in a battery housing.

Das Batteriegehäuse ist zweckmäßigerweise mit einem Gehäusedeckel von oben und mit einem Gehäuseboden von unten verschlossen. Dabei ist zwischen Gehäuseboden und Bodenteil der Einzelzellen ein Freiraum gebildet. In diesen Freiraum hinein können sich die Einzelzellen in axialer Richtung wärmebedingt ausdehnen, ohne dabei beschädigt zu werden oder andere Teile der Batterie zu beschädigen.The battery case is expediently closed with a housing cover from above and with a housing bottom from below. In this case, a free space is formed between the housing bottom and bottom part of the individual cells. In this free space in the individual cells can expand in the axial direction due to heat, without being damaged or damage other parts of the battery.

Die Batterie eignet sich insbesondere als Fahrzeugbatterie, insbesondere als Batterie für ein Fahrzeug mit Hybridantrieb oder ein Brennstoffzellen-Fahrzeug.The battery is particularly suitable as a vehicle battery, in particular as a battery for a vehicle with hybrid drive or a fuel cell vehicle.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, dass die sichere Befestigung der Einzelzellen auf Dauer sichergestellt werden kann, da sie sicher im Bereich der Zellpole an der Kühlplatte befestigt sind und durch die Halteplatte radiale Bewegungen der Einzelzellen verhindert werden. Durch den Freiraum zwischen Bodenbereich der Einzelzellen und Gehäuseboden wird eine Wärmedehnung der Einzelzellen ermöglicht, ohne dass dabei mechanische Spannungen zwischen Einzelzellen und anderen Batterieteilen aufgrund unterschiedlicher Wärmedehnungen und Temperaturniveaus verschiedener Teile (z. B. Vergussmasse) auftreten oder die Einzelzellen oder andere Teile der Batterie beschädigt werden.The advantages achieved by the invention are in particular that the secure attachment of the individual cells can be ensured in the long run, since they are securely fixed in the region of the cell poles on the cooling plate and are prevented by the support plate radial movements of the individual cells. Due to the free space between the bottom region of the individual cells and the housing bottom, thermal expansion of the individual cells is made possible without causing mechanical stresses between individual cells and other battery parts due to different thermal expansions and temperature levels of different parts (eg potting compound) or damaging the individual cells or other parts of the battery become.

Durch die Befestigung der Einzelzellen an der Kühlplatte wird ein guter Kontakt der Einzelzellen mit der Kühlplatte hergestellt und so die Wärmeübertragung in die Kühlplatte verbessert. Die lose oder freie Halterung der Einzelzellen in den Aussparungen der Halteplatte, die zwar eine radiale Bewegung der Einzelzellen verhindert, aber eine axiale Bewegung der Einzelzellen zulässt, bietet als weiteren Vorteil, die Einzelzellen während der Batteriemontage axial auf die Kühlplatte zu verschieben, so dass die Einzelzellen mit ihrer Polseite auf der Kühlplatte trotz hoher Fertigungstoleranzen spaltfrei zum Anliegen kommen.By attaching the individual cells to the cooling plate good contact of the individual cells is made with the cooling plate, thus improving the heat transfer into the cooling plate. The loose or free support of the individual cells in the recesses of the holding plate, which prevents a radial movement of the individual cells but allows axial movement of the individual cells, offers the further advantage of displacing the individual cells axially onto the cooling plate during the battery assembly, so that the Single cells come with their Polseite on the cooling plate despite high manufacturing tolerances gapless concern.

Durch die sichere Befestigung der Einzelzellen an der Polseite entfällt auch der Einsatz von höhentoleranzausgleichenden Zellverbindern, da die Wärmedehnung der Einzelzellen nun ausschließlich in Richtung des Bodens der Einzelzelle bzw. in Richtung des Gehäusebodens der Batterie erfolgt. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.The secure attachment of the individual cells on the pole side also eliminates the use of height tolerance compensating cell connectors, since the thermal expansion of the individual cells now takes place exclusively in the direction of the bottom of the single cell or in the direction of the housing bottom of the battery. Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings.

Dabei zeigen:Showing:

Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Batterie von unten,1 is a perspective view of a battery from below,

Fig. 2 eine Explosionsdarstellung einer Batterie,2 is an exploded view of a battery,

Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Batterie von oben,3 is a perspective view of a battery from above,

Fig. 4 eine Darstellung einer Batterie von unten,4 is a representation of a battery from below,

Fig. 5 eine Schnittdarstellung einer Batterie entsprechend der in Figur 4 dargestellten Schnittlinie V-V,5 is a sectional view of a battery according to the section line V-V shown in Figure 4,

Fig. 6 eine Explosionsdarstellung einer Batterie mit Gehäusedeckel undFig. 6 is an exploded view of a battery with housing cover and

Gehäuseboden.Caseback.

Einander entsprechende Teile sind in allen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.

Figur 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Batterie 1 von unten. Eine Mehrzahl von Einzelzellen 2 sind in einer Halteplatte 3 angeordnet und mit dieser in einem Batteriegehäuse 4 befestigt, vorzugsweise ist die Halteplatte 3 mit diesem verschraubt. Die Halteplatte 3 verhindert radiale Bewegungen der Einzelzellen 2.FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a battery 1 from below. A plurality of individual cells 2 are arranged in a holding plate 3 and fixed with this in a battery case 4, preferably, the holding plate 3 is screwed thereto. The holding plate 3 prevents radial movements of the individual cells. 2

Figur 2 zeigt eine Explosionsdarstellung einer Batterie 1. In der Halteplatte 3 sind Aussparungen 5 für die Aufnahme der Einzelzellen 2 angeordnet.Figure 2 shows an exploded view of a battery 1. In the holding plate 3 recesses 5 for receiving the individual cells 2 are arranged.

Die Halteplatte 3 ist derart ausgeformt, dass mehrere Aussparungen 5 in Reihe und mehrere Reihen von Aussparungen 5 parallel in jeweils um eine halbe Aussparung 5 versetzter Reihenfolge angeordnet sind und so eine Wabenstruktur der Halteplatte 3 gebildet wird. Diese Anordnung der Aussparungen 5 erhöht die Packungsdichte der darin angeordneten Einzelzellen 2, was zu einer Reduktion des Bauraumbedarfs der Batterie 1 führt, was insbesondere beim Einsatz der Batterie 1 in Fahrzeugen erwünscht ist. Werden Einzelzellen 2 verwendet, bei denen Zelldeckel 14 oder Ummantelung einen Polkontakt bilden, dient die Halteplatte 3 auch als elektrisch isolierender Abstandshalter zwischen den Einzelzellen 2.The holding plate 3 is formed such that a plurality of recesses 5 are arranged in series and a plurality of rows of recesses 5 in parallel offset in each case by half a recess 5 order and so a honeycomb structure of the holding plate 3 is formed. This arrangement of the recesses 5 increases the packing density of the individual cells 2 arranged therein, which leads to a reduction of the installation space requirement of the battery 1, which is particularly desirable when using the battery 1 in vehicles. If individual cells 2 are used, in which cell lids 14 or sheath form a pole contact, the holding plate 3 also serves as an electrically insulating spacer between the individual cells 2.

Eine Kühlplatte 6, die oberhalb des Polendes der Einzelzellen 2 angeordnet ist, ist mit Ausnehmungen 7 versehen, deren Innenkonturen mit den Außenkonturen von Zellpolen 8 der Einzelzellen 2 korrespondieren. Die Zellpole 8 werden durch diese Ausnehmungen 7 hindurchgeführt. An der Oberseite der Kühlplatte 6 sind Zellverbinder 9 auf die Zellpole 8 aufgesetzt, um die Einzelzellen 2 seriell und/oder parallel miteinander zu verbindenA cooling plate 6, which is arranged above the pole end of the individual cells 2, is provided with recesses 7 whose inner contours correspond to the outer contours of cell poles 8 of the individual cells 2. The cell poles 8 are passed through these recesses 7. At the top of the cooling plate 6 cell connectors 9 are placed on the cell poles 8 in order to connect the individual cells 2 in series and / or parallel to each other

Figur 3 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Batterie 1 von oben. Die Zellpole 8 der Einzelzellen 2 sind durch die Ausnehmungen 7 der Kühlplatte 6 hindurchgeführt und fest an dieser fixiert.FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of a battery 1 from above. The cell poles 8 of the individual cells 2 are passed through the recesses 7 of the cooling plate 6 and fixedly fixed thereto.

Auf der Oberseite der Kühlplatte 6 sind auf die Zellpole 8 der Einzelzellen 2 die Zellverbinder 9 aufgesetzt. Diese Zellverbinder 9 müssen aufgrund der festen Fixierung der Einzelzellen 2 auf der Polseite an der Kühlplatte 6 nicht mehr in höhentoleranzausgleichender Bauform eingesetzt werden, da die Wärmeausdehnung der Einzelzellen 2 in axialer Richtung nur noch in Richtung Unterseite der Batterie 1 erfolgt.On the upper side of the cooling plate 6, the cell connectors 9 are placed on the cell poles 8 of the individual cells 2. Due to the fixed fixing of the individual cells 2 on the pole side on the cooling plate 6, these cell connectors 9 no longer have to be used in height tolerance compensating design since the thermal expansion of the individual cells 2 takes place only in the axial direction of the underside of the battery 1.

Die Baueinheit, bestehend aus Einzelzellen 2, Halteplatte 3, Kühlplatte 6 und Zellverbindern 9, ist in ein Batteriegehäuse 4 eingesetzt und beispielsweise durch Verschraubung von Kühlplatte 6 und Halteplatte 3 fest mit dem Batteriegehäuse 4 verbunden.The assembly consisting of individual cells 2, retaining plate 3, cooling plate 6 and cell connectors 9, is inserted into a battery case 4 and fixedly connected to the battery case 4, for example, by screwing the cooling plate 6 and retaining plate 3.

Figur 4 zeigt eine Darstellung einer Batterie 1 von unten. Eingezeichnet ist eine Schnittlinie V-V für die Schnittdarstellung in Figur 5. Die Einzelzellen 2 sind in der Halteplatte 3 angeordnet und zusammen mit dieser in das Batteriegehäuse 4 eingefügt. Die Halteplatte 3 wird dabei beispielsweise durch Verschraubung am Batteriegehäuse 4 befestigt. Durch diese Lagerung der Einzelzellen 2 in der Halteplatte 3 sowie deren Fixierung am Polende an der Kühlplatte 6 sind die Einzelzellen 2 stabil gegenüber Lageveränderungen insbesondere in radialer Richtung und Drehung im Batteriegehäuse 4 verbaut.FIG. 4 shows an illustration of a battery 1 from below. Shown is a section line V-V for the sectional view in Figure 5. The single cells 2 are arranged in the holding plate 3 and inserted together with this in the battery case 4. The holding plate 3 is fastened for example by screwing on the battery case 4. As a result of this mounting of the individual cells 2 in the holding plate 3 and their fixation at the pole end on the cooling plate 6, the individual cells 2 are stably installed against changes in position, in particular in the radial direction and rotation in the battery housing 4.

Figur 5 zeigt eine Schnittdarstellung einer Batterie 1 entsprechend der in Figur 4 dargestellten Schnittlinie V-V. Dargestellt ist eine integrierte Baueinheit bestehend aus der Halteplatte 3, den Einzelzellen 2, der Kühlplatte 6 sowie den Zellverbindern 9. Die Einzelzellen 2 sind in der Halteplatte 3 angeordnet, an der Kühlplatte 6 fixiert und mit den Zellverbindern 9 elektrisch seriell und/oder parallel verbunden. Diese integrierte Baueinheit ist im Batteriegehäuse 4 angeordnet, wobei die Halteplatte 3 sowie die Kühlplatte 6 an diesem beispielsweise durch Verschraubung befestigt sind.FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of a battery 1 corresponding to the section line VV shown in FIG. Shown is an integrated unit consisting of the holding plate 3, the single cells 2, the cooling plate 6 and the cell connectors 9. The individual cells 2 are arranged in the holding plate 3, fixed to the cooling plate 6 and electrically connected to the cell connectors 9 in series and / or parallel , This integrated assembly is arranged in the battery case 4, wherein the holding plate 3 and the cooling plate 6 are secured thereto, for example by screwing.

Im Zelldeckel 14 der Einzelzelle 2 ist ein Verschlusselement 13 angeordnet, das eine Öffnung im Zelldeckel 14 verschließt, welche in einer Ausführungsform vorzugsweise zum Befüllen der Einzelzelle 2 mit Elektrolytflüssigkeit verwendet wird.In the cell lid 14 of the single cell 2, a closure element 13 is arranged, which closes an opening in the cell lid 14, which is preferably used in one embodiment for filling the single cell 2 with electrolyte liquid.

In die Kühlplatte 6 sind Kühlkanäle 10 integriert, durch die ein Kühlmittel geleitet wird, um die auf die Kühlplatte 6 übertragene Verlustwärme der Einzelzellen 2 aus der Batterie 1 abzuleiten. Anhand der Pfeildarstellung P an den Einzelzellen 2 ist die axiale Wärmedehnung der Einzelzellen 2 ersichtlich.In the cooling plate 6 cooling channels 10 are integrated, through which a coolant is passed to dissipate the transferred to the cooling plate 6 heat loss of the individual cells 2 from the battery 1. Based on the arrow P on the individual cells 2, the axial thermal expansion of the individual cells 2 can be seen.

Die Einzelzellen 2 werden an der Kühlplatte 6 fest fixiert. Durch die formschlüssige Halterung der Einzelzellen 2 in der Kühlplatte 6 und der Halteplatte 3 ist eine sichere Lagerung gegenüber auftretenden Kräften in radialer Richtung sowie Drehrichtung sichergestellt.The individual cells 2 are firmly fixed to the cooling plate 6. The positive retention of the individual cells 2 in the cooling plate 6 and the holding plate 3 secure storage against occurring forces in the radial direction and direction of rotation is ensured.

In axialer Richtung ist nach fester Fixierung der Einzelzellen 2 an der Kühlplatte 6 ebenfalls keine Bewegung mehr möglich, mit Ausnahme der Wärmedehnung der Einzelzellen 2, dies jedoch nur in Richtung Batterieunterseite.In the axial direction after solid fixation of the individual cells 2 to the cooling plate 6 also no movement is possible, with the exception of the thermal expansion of the individual cells 2, but only in the direction of the battery bottom.

Des Weiteren ist durch die Fixierung der Einzelzellen 2 an der Kühlplatte 6 auch eine optimale Wärmeübertragung der Verlustwärme der Einzelzellen 2 auf die Kühlplatte 6 bzw. über dazwischen angebrachte Wärmeleitfolie auf die Kühlplatte 6 gegeben.Furthermore, by fixing the individual cells 2 to the cooling plate 6, optimum heat transfer of the heat loss of the individual cells 2 to the cooling plate 6 or via the heat-conducting foil attached to the cooling plate 6 is also provided.

Vor der Fixierung der Einzelzellen 2 an die Kühlplatte 6 sind diese in den Aussparungen 5 der Halteplatte 3 noch axial verschiebbar, so dass dadurch die Montage der Batterie 1 erleichtert und die spaltfreie Anbindung der Einzelzellen 2 an die Kühlplatte 6 erleichtert wird, da sie durch die Aussparungen 5 in der Halteplatte 3 in Richtung Kühlplatte 6 geschoben werden können, bis die Zellpole 8 der Einzelzellen 2 durch die Ausnehmungen 7 in der Kühlplatte 6 hindurchgeführt sind und die Einzelzellen 2 an der Kühlplatte 6 anliegen. Figur 6 zeigt eine Explosionsdarstellung einer Batterie 1 mit Gehäusedeckel 11 und Gehäuseboden 12. Die Einzelzellen 2 sind in den Aussparungen 5 der Halteplatte 3 axial frei beweglich angeordnet. Die Zellpole 8 der Einzelzellen 2 werden durch die dafür vorgesehenen Ausnehmungen 7 in der Kühlplatte 6 hindurchgeführt. Auf der Oberseite der Kühlplatte 6 werden auf die hindurchragenden Zellpole 8 die Zellverbinder 9 aufgesetzt und die Einzelzellen 2 auf diese Weise seriell und/oder parallel miteinander verbunden und an der Kühlplatte 6 fixiert.Prior to fixing the individual cells 2 to the cooling plate 6, these are still axially displaceable in the recesses 5 of the support plate 3, thereby facilitating the assembly of the battery 1 and the gap-free connection of the individual cells 2 is facilitated to the cooling plate 6, as they Recesses 5 can be pushed in the holding plate 3 in the direction of the cooling plate 6 until the cell poles 8 of the individual cells 2 are passed through the recesses 7 in the cooling plate 6 and the individual cells 2 abut against the cooling plate 6. FIG. 6 shows an exploded view of a battery 1 with a housing cover 11 and housing bottom 12. The individual cells 2 are arranged in the recesses 5 of the retaining plate 3 in an axially freely movable manner. The cell poles 8 of the individual cells 2 are passed through the recesses 7 provided in the cooling plate 6. On the upper side of the cooling plate 6, the cell connectors 9 are placed on the protruding cell poles 8 and the individual cells 2 connected in this way serially and / or parallel to each other and fixed to the cooling plate 6.

Diese gesamte Baueinheit aus Einzelzellen 2, Halteplatte 3, Kühlplatte 6 und Zellverbindern 9 wird in das Batteriegehäuse 4 eingesetzt und beispielsweise verschraubt. Auf das Batteriegehäuse 4 wird von oben der Gehäusedeckel 11 aufgesetzt. Von unten wird der Gehäuseboden 12 auf das Batteriegehäuse 4 aufgesetzt.This entire assembly of single cells 2, retaining plate 3, cooling plate 6 and cell connectors 9 is inserted into the battery case 4 and screwed example. On the battery case 4, the housing cover 11 is placed from above. From below, the housing bottom 12 is placed on the battery case 4.

Der Gehäuseboden 12 des Batteriegehäuses 4 ist derart ausgeformt, dass nach kompletter Montage der Batterie 1 ein Freiraum zwischen dem Boden der Einzelzellen 2 und dem Gehäuseboden 12 gebildet ist. Auf diese Weise ist Platz geschaffen für die Wärmedehnung der Einzelzellen 2 in axialer Richtung, die ausschließlich in Richtung Gehäuseboden 12, also in diesen Freiraum hinein erfolgt, da das Polende der Einzelzellen 2 fest an der Kühlplatte 6 fixiert und der Zellenboden in den Aussparungen 5 der Halteplatte 3 axial frei beweglich angeordnet ist. The housing bottom 12 of the battery case 4 is formed such that after complete installation of the battery 1, a clearance between the bottom of the individual cells 2 and the housing bottom 12 is formed. In this way, space is created for the thermal expansion of the individual cells 2 in the axial direction, which takes place exclusively in the direction of the housing bottom 12, ie in this free space, since the pole end of the individual cells 2 firmly fixed to the cooling plate 6 and the cell bottom in the recesses 5 of Holding plate 3 is arranged axially freely movable.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 Batterie1 battery

2 Einzelzellen2 single cells

3 Halteplatte3 retaining plate

4 Batteriegehäuse4 battery case

5 Aussparungen in der Halteplatte5 recesses in the retaining plate

6 Kühlplatte6 cooling plate

7 Ausnehmungen in der Kühlplatte7 recesses in the cooling plate

8 Zellpole8 cell poles

9 Zellverbinder9 cell connectors

10 Kühlkanäle10 cooling channels

11 Gehäusedeckel11 housing cover

12 Gehäuseboden12 caseback

13 Verschlusselement13 closure element

14 Zelldeckel14 cell lids

P Pfeildarstellung P arrow depiction

Claims

Patentansprüche claims 1. Batterie (1 ), insbesondere eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie, mit einer Mehrzahl von in Serie und/oder parallel miteinander verschalteten Einzelzellen (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einzelzellen (2) an einem der Enden in Aussparungen (5) einer Halteplatte (3) insbesondere axial frei beweglich angeordnet und am gegenüberliegenden Ende fixiert sind.1. Battery (1), in particular a lithium-ion battery, with a plurality of series-connected and / or parallel interconnected individual cells (2), characterized in that the individual cells (2) at one of the ends in recesses (5) a holding plate (3) in particular axially freely movable and fixed at the opposite end. 2. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Halteplatte (3) mehrere Aussparungen (5) in Reihe und mehrere Reihen von Aussparungen (5) derart parallel nebeneinander angeordnet sind, dass die Halteplatte (3) eine Wabenstruktur bildet.2. Battery (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that in the holding plate (3) a plurality of recesses (5) in series and a plurality of rows of recesses (5) are arranged side by side in parallel so that the holding plate (3) forms a honeycomb structure , 3. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in jeweils eine Aussparung (5) der Halteplatte (3) eine Einzelzelle (2) in vertikaler Richtung angeordnet ist.3. Battery (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that in each case a recess (5) of the holding plate (3) a single cell (2) is arranged in the vertical direction. 4. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einzelzellen (2) mit ihrer Längsachse parallel zueinander in dieser Halteplatte (3) angeordnet sind. 4. Battery (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual cells (2) are arranged with their longitudinal axis parallel to each other in this holding plate (3). 5. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausformungen der Aussparungen (5) der Halteplatte (3) mit den Ausformungen der Ummantelung der Einzelzellen (2) korrespondieren.5. Battery (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the formations of the recesses (5) of the holding plate (3) with the formations of the sheath of the individual cells (2) correspond. 6. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass polseitig auf den Einzelzellen (2) eine Kühlplatte (6) angeordnet ist.6. Battery (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that on the pole side of the individual cells (2) a cooling plate (6) is arranged. 7. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlplatte (6) mit Ausnehmungen (7) für eine Durchführung von Zellpolen (8) der Einzelzellen (2) versehen ist.7. Battery (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the cooling plate (6) with recesses (7) for carrying out cell poles (8) of the individual cells (2) is provided. 8. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausnehmungen (7) in der Kühlplatte (6) mit den Abmessungen von Zellpolen (8) der Einzelzellen (2) korrespondieren.8. Battery (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the recesses (7) in the cooling plate (6) with the dimensions of cell poles (8) of the individual cells (2) correspond. 9. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an der Oberseite der Kühlplatte (6) Zellverbinder (9) angeordnet sind.9. Battery (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that on the upper side of the cooling plate (6) cell connectors (9) are arranged. 10. Batterie (1) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einzelzellen (2) durch auf die durch die Kühlplatte (6) hindurchragenden Zellpole (8) der Einzelzellen (2) aufgesetzte Zellverbinder (9) seriell und/oder parallel miteinander verbunden und an der Kühlplatte (6) befestigt sind.10. Battery (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the individual cells (2) by connected to the through the cooling plate (6) projecting cell poles (8) of the individual cells (2) patch cell connector (9) connected in series and / or parallel and attached to the cooling plate (6). 11. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einzelzellen (2) durch die mit den Abmessungen der Zellpole (9) korrespondierenden Ausnehmungen (7) in der Kühlplatte (6) sowie die mit den Ausformungen der Ummantelung der Einzelzellen (2) korrespondierenden Aussparungen (5) in der Halteplatte (3) mit der Kühlplatte (6) und der Halteplatte (3) formschlüssig verbunden und gegenüber radialen Bewegungen sowie Drehbewegungen fixiert sind.11. Battery (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual cells (2) by the with the dimensions of the cell poles (9) corresponding recesses (7) in the cooling plate (6) and with the formations of the sheath of the individual cells ( 2) corresponding recesses (5) in the holding plate (3) with the cooling plate (6) and the holding plate (3) positively connected and fixed against radial movements and rotational movements. 12. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Halteplatte (3), die darin angeordneten Einzelzellen (2), die an deren Polseite angeordnete Kühlplatte (6) und die Zellverbinder (9) als eine integrierte Baueinheit in einem Batteriegehäuse (4) angeordnet sind.12. Battery (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the holding plate (3), the individual cells arranged therein (2), arranged on the pole side cooling plate (6) and the cell connector (9) as an integrated assembly in a battery case (4) are arranged. 13. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriegehäuse (4) mit einem Gehäusedeckel (11 ) von oben und einem Gehäuseboden (12) von unten verschlossen ist.13. Battery (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the battery housing (4) with a housing cover (11) from above and a housing bottom (12) is closed from below. 14. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen Gehäuseboden (12) und Bodenteil der Einzelzellen (2) ein Freiraum gebildet ist.14. Battery (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that between the housing bottom (12) and the bottom part of the individual cells (2) a free space is formed. 15. Batterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Batterie (1 ) eine Fahrzeugbatterie, insbesondere eine Batterie (1 ) für ein Fahrzeug mit Hybridantrieb oder ein Brennstoffzellen-Fahrzeug ist. 15. Battery (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery (1) is a vehicle battery, in particular a battery (1) for a vehicle with hybrid drive or a fuel cell vehicle.
PCT/EP2009/004553 2008-07-26 2009-06-24 Battery, in particular a vehicle battery Ceased WO2010012338A1 (en)

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