WO2010012237A1 - Anti-clogging filtration irrigation method - Google Patents

Abstract

Anti-clogging filtration irrigation comprises delivering water to soil around root part of plant via water-seeping object（4） contacted with water source. Said water-seeping object is geotextile or ceramic product. Said irrigation method ensures stable and uniform water quantity. The method is easily controllable and water-saving.

Description

Technical field

 The present invention relates to a method of plant irrigation, i.e., a method of percolating. Background technique

 Irrigation is generally divided into furrow irrigation, flood irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, infiltration irrigation, and watering.

 (1) The furrow irrigation method is to ditch the water between the ridges.

 (2) The irrigation method is to introduce irrigation water into the trench to gradually infiltrate the water into the soil.

 (3) Sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation are new types of irrigation methods developed in recent years. Sprinkler irrigation is to send pressurized water formed by pump pressure or natural drop to the field through the pressure pipe, and then sprayed into the air through the nozzle to form fine water droplets, which are evenly spilled on the farmland for irrigation purposes. Drip irrigation is a root soil that allows irrigation water to slowly drip into the topsoil and infiltrate crops.

 (4) Seepage irrigation refers to the method of infiltrating the root layer soil by using the relevant facilities to slowly feed the water directly below the topsoil.

 (5) Watering method Watering with a kettle or a tube.

The infiltration irrigation technology has the advantages of significant water saving, energy saving, labor saving, increased production and improved product quality. The water utilization rate is the highest among all irrigation technologies, and the main problem is that the blockage is serious and difficult to overcome. There are many implementation methods. The use on the field can be roughly divided into two types: point type and line type. Point type (also called orifice type) is to send water to the root of the plant with an impervious plastic tube, and then through a kind of burying. In the ground, the seepage head of the water can be slowly oozing for irrigation. The line type (also known as the full wall type) is directly irrigated by a pipe buried in the ground and slowly seeping out, and the water pipe is divided into a porous pipe and a microporous pipe. The perforated pipe is a longitudinal hole in which a large number of small holes (a pore size of l-2 mm) or 5 to 10 mm are long on the pipe wall, and the microporous pipe is a pipe which is drawn by a special material (rubber, plastic, etc. recovered from used tires). There are numerous foamy micropores on the wall. When the tube is filled with water, it will gradually ooze out like sweat and be irrigated. In recent years, a large number of infiltration irrigation pipes have been mixed with waste rubber powder, PVC plastic powder and foaming agent, and then extruded on the pipe wall by special techniques such as foaming and UV resistance. A water pipe with a large number of micropores. The water is infiltrated by the pressure from the invisible micropores on the wall of the seepage pipe, and it flows out like a sweat to moisten the surrounding soil. In this way, a pressure device should be installed at the water source; at the same time, due to the poor permeability of the micropores to the air, it needs to be infiltrated. An exhaust device is disposed at the tail of the pipe.

 In the case of using the above-mentioned microporous irrigation tube for plant percolation, there are still some problems as follows, so that it is difficult to promote it in a large area:

 1. The whole system is complex, including the pressure device of the water source and the exhaust device of the tail of the percolation pipe. The installation cost is high, and once the blockage occurs, cleaning, maintenance and management are very difficult, so the cost is not too high, and It is inconvenient.

 2, using this irrigation method, although the water outlet is scattered, but irregular, and the size of the orifice tube is different, the use of pressurized water for seepage irrigation is to introduce water by means of supercharging, the water supply to the soil is difficult to control, in fact still Because the size of the orifice tube is not a waste of water.

 3. Since the entire pipeline is seeping water, it not only causes waste of water resources, but also keeps wetting in the plant gap and is easy to grow weeds.

 4. The sediment in the soil is easy to block the micropores of the seepage pipe, and if the water seepage micropores are damaged by factors such as blockage or insect bites, the water seepage is uneven, and it cannot be found in time, and the soil and water conservation performance is poor, which is not conducive to Crop growth and development.

 5. There is not only the problem of sedimentation, but also biological blockage. This defect has not been solved. Summary of the invention

 The object of the invention is to solve the problems of easy clogging and large investment in the current irrigation technology, and to provide an anti-blocking automatic infiltration method, which is convenient for practical application.

 The technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

 An anti-blocking automatic infiltration method is the method of delivering water to the roots of plants through the water in contact with the water source.

 In the above-mentioned anti-blocking automatic infiltration method, the water source means that water can be supplied to the water seepage, that is, one end of the water seepage can be brought into contact with the water. It includes the entire water delivery or storage system of the water supply source, water delivery or storage facilities, and can be the entire system of tap water, water delivery pipelines, sinks and other water or storage tanks.

 The invention can directly use tap water, control the source to deliver water to the water pipeline through the water valve, and then supply water to the water seepage connected with the water pipeline; or build a water tank, a pool, etc., or even use the nearby pond and surface water The formation of the ditch and so on. In short, the collection of water sources has been greatly expanded, and the application of the irrigation method has been further promoted.

The above-mentioned anti-blocking automatic infiltration method, the water seepage can be divided into two types, one type can form a capillary The object of the image is preferably a ceramic article; the other is an object capable of forming a siphon phenomenon and having a filtering function, preferably a geotextile. More preferably, the weight ratio of the raw material composition of the ceramic product is: 55 to 75 % of clay, 5 to 35% of diatomaceous earth, 5 to 35% of carbon powder, and the components are mixed according to the ratio, and then at 1000-1100 °. C can be fired around; geotextiles use 300-800g/m ² polyethylene or polypropylene geotextile.

 The former type of water seepage conveys water to the soil through capillary phenomenon. The water delivery speed is slow but extremely uniform and stable, and is basically not affected by water pressure. At the same time, the water delivery amount can be automatically adjusted according to the soil moisture content in contact with the water seepage; A water seepage conveys water to the soil through a siphon phenomenon, and the water delivery speed is faster than the former one, and is affected by the water pressure.

 Regardless of the type of water seepage, the water can only be discharged through the water seepage and cannot escape from the interface between the water seepage and other devices. Of course, how to connect the water source with the water seepage and ensure that there are many connections at the interface. It can be solved by a person skilled in the art in accordance with the prior art disclosed. One of the specific connection methods may be to punch a hole in a proper position on the water pipe or the water storage tank, and then insert the water leakage into the hole of the water pipe or the water storage tank, which is simple and practical, and convenient and quick. A simple and practical method is to insert the water seepage into the hole in the water pipe or the water storage tank and then apply a seal that is insoluble in water. If the seepage is geotextile, the geotextile can be wrapped with a corrosion-resistant elastic material and then inserted into the hole in the water pipe or storage tank. More preferably, a protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the elastic material (e.g., plastic, etc.) for wrapping, for pressing the geotextile, and for controlling the amount of water discharged from the geotextile.

The above-mentioned anti-blocking automatic infiltration method, the selection and setting of the water seepage can be designed and installed according to different plants and their growth environment and function, etc., which can be done by those skilled in the art. For example, afforestation in desert areas, due to extreme water shortage, and evaporation of water and rapid drainage, water seepage is suitable for the use of ceramic products, generally placed near the root of the plant, the gap between plants can be set, the water pipeline 24 The water is kept in a state of water, and the capillary water seepage function of the water seepage is connected with the soil capillary to form a continuous and uniform water supply, and the water utilization rate is extremely high. If it is a flat lawn, it is better to use geotextile as the water seepage, so that the water can be sent to the surrounding soil quickly and evenly, so that the lawn around the water seepage can get a relatively uniform water supply to achieve the overall growth of the lawn. The consistency, while the time and amount of irrigation can be achieved by controlling the water source. If it is necessary to deliver a larger amount of water, it can also be adjusted by increasing the amount of water permeated or increasing the density of the water seepage. The amount of water seepage of a single water seepage can be increased by increasing the contact area of the water seepage in the water and the strength of the water seepage. Control.

 The beneficial effects of the invention:

 1. The infiltration method of the invention has the advantages of easy material extraction, simple processing and installation, low investment, low cost and easy market promotion.

 2. The present invention transmits water to the soil through water seepage, and changes the traditional way of transporting water to the soil through the pores of the pipeline or the oozing head, so that it does not clogging, and solves the problem that has been insurmountable in the prior art; The whole facility is simple, the water seepage is easy to replace, and the maintenance is very convenient.

 3. The present invention delivers water to the soil through two types of water seepage. One is an object that can form a capillary phenomenon, such as a ceramic product; the other is an object that can form a siphon phenomenon and has a filtering function, such as a geotextile. The former is exceptionally uniform and stable, and is not affected by water sources. The latter's water output is affected by the pressure of the water source, but it is easy to control manually, and the effluent is relatively uniform and stable, which is conducive to the growth and development of crops.

 4. With the infiltration method of the present invention, water seepage can be provided near the root of the plant as needed, which not only greatly saves water, but also controls weed growth in the plant gap.

 In summary, the anti-blocking automatic infiltration method of the invention is easy to take, simple to process and install, and has low investment, and does not cause clogging phenomenon compared with the prior art, thereby solving the problem that the technical field has been unable to overcome. However, the invention delivers water to the root soil of the plant through the water seepage to make the water output uniform and stable, easy to control, and more water-saving, which is beneficial to the growth and development of the plant.

DRAWINGS

 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the anti-blocking automatic percolating method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system setting of the first embodiment of the anti-blocking automatic percolating method of the present invention.

detailed description

 The specific application of the anti-blocking automatic infiltration method of the present invention will be described below by two specific facts:

 Example 1

A field protection site in a farm in Fengxian, Shanghai was selected. In the plastic greenhouse, the cauliflower was cultivated. Before planting the cauliflower, the alfalfa itself had separated the Daejeon into a rectangular clam. Use tap water as a source of irrigation water. In the big The main commercial PVC main pipe and branch pipe are laid in the shed (as shown in 3 in Figure 1 and Figure 2). The pipe has been punctured according to the spacing of cauliflower in the field, and with water seepage objects (Figure 1 and Figure 4 in Figure 2) is a sealed connection. After all paving, cover the topsoil so that the water seepage system is 20 cm below the topsoil.

 The water seepage object used is a two-stage pottery rod of 3. 5 cm long, 2 cm in diameter and 1.5 cm in diameter. The large diameter end of the pottery rod is in contact with the soil, and the small diameter end is inserted into the water tube. The pottery rod is prepared by mixing Fujian Dehua clay, 10% diatomaceous earth and 30% carbon powder in a weight percentage of 60% at 1000-1100 °C. Of course, the proportion of the various components of the ceramic rod can be adjusted. The weight ratio of the clay is generally maintained at about 60%, and the content of the diatomaceous earth is lowered. When the carbon powder content is increased, the fired ceramic rod is more likely to seep; otherwise, the diatomaceous earth When the content of the carbon powder is decreased, the fired ceramic rods are more likely to seep.

 Insert the pottery rod into the water pipeline and seal it with a commercially available water-insoluble sealant. All pottery sticks are close to the roots of the plant, and then the topsoil is laid over the water pipes and pottery sticks. Open tap water to allow water to flow through the pipeline for 24 hours without human management.

 On the next day, it was observed that the soil in the field near the roots of the cauliflower was moist and remained water for 24 hours. The results of the final greenhouse test show that: using the infiltration method of the present invention not only saves water, but also increases yield by 12.5%, and the rate of cauliflower disease is 80% less, saving labor and time, and significantly reducing pests and diseases. On the other hand, there are fewer pests and diseases, less medication, and safe and good quality of edible vegetables.

 Since the internal structure of the ceramic rod itself is capillary-like, the irrigation water sucked from the water pipe can be transported into the soil in a state of capillary water supply, which greatly improves the utilization of water and does not cause any blockage. Datian soil and water conservation performance is good, which is conducive to plant growth and development.

 Example 2

The villa garden of a community in Thames Town, Songjiang, Shanghai, covers an area of 400 square meters. The PVC water pipeline is arranged according to the plant planting layout of the plant landscaping, and the water seepage objects are arranged near the plants, generally 30 cm apart on one side, and are not set in the void zone of some plants, and are encrypted around the big trees. All buried in the soil layer 30-40cm. The water seepage object was a 500 g/m ² polyethylene geotextile with a filtering effect. The geotextile is first clamped with a plastic sleeve adapted to the hole in the water pipe. The inner wall of the casing is provided with a bulge to hold the geotextile strip to limit the amount of water discharged, and then the water pipe is inserted together.

 The water source uses tap water. When used, the water source can be opened according to the weather and rain conditions. Generally, the water requirement of the plant can be guaranteed every 3 hours.

 The garden grows very well and has a survival rate of 100%.

Claims

Rights request  1. An anti-blocking automatic infiltration method for delivering water to a plant root soil through a water-permeable substance in contact with a water source, wherein the water-permeable substance refers to an object capable of forming a capillary phenomenon or can form a siphon phenomenon and has The object of the filtering function.  2. The anti-blocking automatic infiltration method according to claim 1, wherein: said water source refers to an entire water delivery or storage system including a water supply source, a water delivery or a water storage facility.  The anti-blocking automatic percolating method according to claim 1, wherein the object capable of forming a capillary phenomenon is a ceramic product.  The anti-blocking automatic percolating method according to claim 3, wherein the raw material weight group of the ceramic product is 55 to 75 % of clay, 5 to 35% of diatomaceous earth, and 5 to 35% of carbon powder.  The anti-blocking automatic infiltration method according to claim 3, wherein the ceramic product has a round bar having different diameters at both ends.  6. The anti-blocking automatic percolating method according to claim 1, wherein: the object capable of forming a siphon phenomenon and having a filtering function is a geotextile. The anti-blocking automatic infiltration method according to claim 6, wherein the geotextile is a polyethylene or polypropylene geotextile of 300 to 800 g/m ² .  8. The anti-blocking automatic infiltration method according to claim 1, wherein: water can only be transported into the soil through the water seepage and cannot escape from the interface of the water seepage with other devices.  9. The anti-blocking automatic infiltration method according to claim 2, wherein: the hole is drilled at a suitable position on the water pipe or the water storage pipe of the water delivery or storage system, and then the water seepage is directly inserted into the sealing ring. The hole in the water pipe or the water storage tank.  10. The anti-blocking automatic percolating method according to claim 2, wherein: the water seepage is inserted into the hole in the water pipe or the water storage tank of the water or water storage system, and then the water-insoluble sealant is sealed. . 11. The anti-blocking automatic infiltration method according to claim 2, wherein if the water seepage material is made of a geotextile, the geotextile is wrapped with a corrosion-resistant elastic material, and then inserted into the water or water storage system. Hole in the water pipe or storage tank.  12. The anti-blocking automatic infiltration method according to claim 11, wherein: the protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the elastic material for wrapping.