WO2010091886A1 - Modulares endoskop - Google Patents
Modulares endoskop Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010091886A1 WO2010091886A1 PCT/EP2010/000907 EP2010000907W WO2010091886A1 WO 2010091886 A1 WO2010091886 A1 WO 2010091886A1 EP 2010000907 W EP2010000907 W EP 2010000907W WO 2010091886 A1 WO2010091886 A1 WO 2010091886A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- probe
- endoscope
- catheter
- handle
- coupling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/04—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances
- A61B1/05—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor combined with photographic or television appliances characterised by the image sensor, e.g. camera, being in the distal end portion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00064—Constructional details of the endoscope body
- A61B1/00105—Constructional details of the endoscope body characterised by modular construction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00112—Connection or coupling means
- A61B1/00121—Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle
- A61B1/00126—Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle optical, e.g. for light supply cables
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/00112—Connection or coupling means
- A61B1/00121—Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle
- A61B1/00128—Connectors, fasteners and adapters, e.g. on the endoscope handle mechanical, e.g. for tubes or pipes
Definitions
- the invention relates to an endoscope for medical or industrial use.
- an endoscope with a control unit in which a light source is arranged.
- the light source is connected by a light guide to the handle of the endoscope, to which a probe can be coupled.
- a video camera can be arranged in the control unit, which receives the image data of the probe via a second optical fiber connection leading to the handle.
- a catheter can be placed on the probe, which includes other functions, such as a channel for rinsing fluid or compressed air.
- the previously known endoscopes are correspondingly many-part and complex m design and manufacture. Since the known endoscopes are regularly intended for a narrowly defined field of application, several endoscopes usually need to be stored for different applications. Due to their complex structure, the previously known endoscopes can be cleaned and serviced only with a correspondingly high outlay as needed. In addition, it is disadvantageous in conventional endoscope systems that these have to be used for weight reasons with the arm, which can make precise work even more difficult.
- the endoscopic system according to the invention is designed as a modular kit which comprises at least three of the system components which are described in greater detail and which are interchangeable and / or combinable with one another.
- the individual system components can be put together and combined depending on the application. Since the system components which can be combined with one another to form an endoscope are detachably connected, it is also possible, if necessary, to replace individual system components, for example also for maintenance or repair purposes.
- an electric light source preferably a light-emitting diode and a video camera
- a light-emitting diode and a video camera is arranged in the handle of the endoscope.
- high-power LEDs which emit different wavelengths of light.
- electrical power and signal cables are necessary. This also reduces the force that acts on the handle through the cables and thus also the counterforce that must be applied to compensate by the user.
- the endoscope according to the invention makes it easier for the user to work with his fingers alone and favors a higher precision of the work performed.
- Another advantage is that light losses caused by multiple coupling of the light guide at her- conventional endoscopes can occur, in contrast, be avoided in the endoscope according to the invention.
- the overall handle can be smaller and lighter. This allows the endoscope to be easily held in the hand and guided with the fingertips. This allows a much more precise control of the image section and fatigue-free working.
- the probe of the endoscope can be designed diverse and, for example, have a flexible or rigid shaft, the length of which can vary depending on the application.
- the optics in the probe tip for capturing the image can be arranged straight or oblique, to allow different viewing angles.
- the endoscope additionally has a control for unwinding and / or rotating the catheter tip or probe tip, and the control is arranged separately or in combination with other functional units in an endoscope component.
- the control allows the tip of a flexible probe or a flexible catheter to be swiveled away so that the field of view can be changed.
- This control is particularly useful for probes with straight optics, since with oblique optics by a rotation of the endoscope about the longitudinal axis, a change in the field of view is possible. Nevertheless, the control is not limited to such probes.
- the individual functional units of the endoscope according to the invention can be arranged individually or in combination on different endoscopic components. This results in a Modular endoscope system that can only be equipped with the necessary functions depending on the application and requirements by simply fitting the corresponding endoscope components using quick-release couplings. Depending on the application, individual functional units can also be arranged on different endoscope components.
- one of the endoscope components has a handle on whose quick-release coupling a probe component can be coupled and the video camera has an optical interface to the couplable probe on the quick-release coupling.
- the endoscope component has a handle into which a probe and a control for the angle of the probe tip is integrated, wherein the camera is arranged on the free probe tip. Since the video camera is located at the tip of the probe, the image is taken directly at the observation site. Therefore, no image transmission through an image conductor within the probe is necessary, which substantially reduces the optical requirements for the probe. This makes the endoscope more robust and less susceptible to interference. In addition, the optical interfaces on the quick coupling are eliminated, which also makes the endoscope less expensive.
- one of the endoscope components can have a handle with two independent electrical light sources, in which a probe is integrated and the camera is arranged on the free probe tip, and the probe part projecting from the handle can be adjustable in length.
- the second light source may, for example, have a different wavelength, for example in the ultraviolet or infrared range. This can be For example, fluorescent dyes are excited in the tissue or composite materials are cured.
- the second light source may also be a laser with which tissue can be coagulated, for example.
- one of the endoscope components has a probe.
- This probe component can be connected via the quick coupling to a handle component and has optical interfaces for the camera and the at least one light source.
- This probe can also be produced inexpensively as a disposable product, since this probe does not contain its own optics, but only, for example, optical fibers for relaying the LEDs in the handle or the like light sources.
- the probe component has a control for the angle of the probe tip.
- the field of view can be easily changed without the endoscope has to be moved a total of strong.
- control for a catheter or a probe is arranged in a separate control component.
- one of the endoscope components has a catheter with a tip which can be controlled by a couplable control.
- one of the endoscope components may comprise a catheter with an integrated control, or one of the endoscope components has a catheter which indirectly via an inserted probe is controllable.
- the catheter has additional functional units, such as grippers or the like manipulators, or other lumens, such as for passing fluids or for connecting to different light sources has.
- endoscope In the endoscope according to the invention, a plurality of endoscope components can be modularly combined to form an endoscope. Several endoscope components can also be contained in a kit for an endoscope, from which a suitable endoscope can be assembled, depending on the application.
- the probes and / or catheters are in direct medical contact with the body and must therefore be absolutely sterile. Therefore, it may be advantageous if the endoscope components are designed with probes and / or catheters for single use. This eliminates the need for cleaning and sterilization after use. For the patient, this reduces the risk of infection.
- the disposable component can be designed such that it does not contain expensive and complex functional units and can therefore be produced cost-effectively.
- 1 shows an embodiment of an endoscope handle
- 2 shows a second embodiment of an endoscope handle with integrated probe and control
- FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of an endoscope handle with longitudinally adjustable probe
- FIG. 6 shows an endoscope component with a controller for a dockable catheter
- FIG. 8 shows a catheter which can be controlled by an external control component
- Fig. 11 further catheters which are controllable by an inserted probe and 12.
- FIGS. 1 to 12 components of an endoscopic system are shown, which is designed as a modular kit.
- the kit shown here comprises, for example, the three handles 1, 9 and 14 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
- the kit also provides the probe parts 16 and 17 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the handle 1 shown in Fig. 1 has an electric light source 2, for example an LED. Furthermore, a video camera 3 in the form of a camera chip, for example a CCD or CMOS chip, is integrated into the handle 1. The camera chip 3 is mounted for focusing within the handle via a handwheel 4 m longitudinally displaceable. For coupling further endoscope components, the handle 1 has a quick coupling 5 with a hinged lock 6. For the transmission of the light signals, an optical interface 7 is arranged in the region of the light source 2. Likewise, in the area of the camera 3 there is a further optical interface 8 for the transmission of image information.
- FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment, designated by 9, of a handle according to the invention.
- an electric light source 2 is integrated into the handle 9.
- the handle has a flexible probe 10 and a control for the probe, which can be operated via a handwheel 11.
- a handwheel 11 can be the probe tip 13 abwmkeln.
- a clutch 12 arranged for coupling a catheter.
- the camera 3 is arranged at the probe tip 13 in this embodiment. This has the advantage that only the light from the light source 2 to the probe tip 13 has to be guided by the probe 10. The requirements for the light guide are therefore much lower than for image transmission. The probe 10 is thus much cheaper to produce and more robust.
- FIG. 3 another handle 14 is shown, in which similar to the handle 9 of FIG. 2, a flexible probe 10 is already integrated. Again, the camera 3 is arranged on the probe tip 13. In addition, the probe 10 is adjustable by means of an adjusting mechanism, which can be operated via a slide 15, with its length. A control for the angle adjustment, however, is missing.
- this handle 14 has two independent electrical light sources 2 integrated, each having its own optical interface 7 on the clutch 5.
- the second light source 7 may for example cover a different wavelength range in order to create a contrast image or to excite special, fluorescent dyes (UV light). It may also be provided a laser for the manipulation of tissue.
- a probe component 16 is shown, which is primarily combined with the handle 1 of FIG. 1.
- the probe component 16 has on both sides quick couplings 5 for coupling to other endoscope components, wherein at both Couplings optical interfaces 7 for the light source 2 are present.
- the probe 10 also has optical interfaces 8 for transmitting the image information to the camera 3 of the handle 1.
- FIG. 5 shows a further probe component 17 with a flexible probe 10 and an integrated control for the probe tip 13.
- a lateral handwheel 11 makes it possible to bend the probe tip 13.
- a quick coupling 5 with opti- see interfaces 7, 8 allows the coupling of a handle component.
- FIG. 6 shows a control component 18 which has quick couplings 5 for coupling additional endoscope components on both sides.
- the device only has a control with a hand lever 19 for controlling a dockable catheter.
- FIG. 7 shows a catheter 20, which can be coupled as an endoscope component to a suitable handle or another endoscope component.
- the catheter 20 has for this purpose a quick coupling 5, which has two optical interfaces 7, 8. Furthermore, the catheter 20 has a control with which the catheter tip 21 can be angled over a handwheel 11.
- the catheter 20 further includes a shaft 25 into which a probe 10 is insertable.
- the catheter has two working channels 34, via which, for example, compressed air, liquid, vacuum or similar medium can be guided to the catheter tip 21.
- the catheter 22 shown in Figure 8 has no integrated control as compared to the catheter 20 of Figure 7. Instead for example, the catheter 22 has a control interface 23 that is connectable, for example, to an external controller 18 as shown in FIG. In this way, the catheter tip 21 can also be bent in this catheter 22. If the application does not require any control, however, the catheter 22 can also be operated without a control function.
- the catheter 24 of FIG. 9 has no direct control function.
- a control of the catheter tip 21 is in this endoscope component 24 via a controllable probe 10 which is insertable into the catheter shaft 25, possible.
- the catheter component 26 of FIG. 10 has optical interfaces 7 for two separate light sources 2 and can be coupled, in particular, to the handle 14 of FIG. 3.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 show further catheter components 27 and 28, which can be used as an alternative to the catheter 26, but have only one optical interface 7 for a light source 2.
- FIGS. 1 to 12 practically form an endoscope kit from which different endoscopes can be modularly assembled. Depending on the requirements of the application, the appropriate components can be selected so that an optimal endoscope system is available at all times.
- the components shown here are only examples of a variety of other possible components.
- FIGS. 13 to 17 Various endoscopes, which can be combined from the endoscope components shown above, are shown by way of example in FIGS. 13 to 17.
- FIG. 13 shows an endoscope as a whole designated 29, which is combined from a handle 1, a probe part 16 and a catheter 20.
- the connection of the individual components 1, 16 and 20 is realized by means of NO / clutch spring system.
- the Abwmkelung the Kathederspitze of the catheter 20 is carried out by the integrated control element in the catheter, while also the up to the tip inserted into the catheter 20 flexible probe of the probe part 16 is moved. While a camera and a light source are integrated into the handle 1, the probe part 16 has a flexible optical system.
- the catheter tip can be moved with the flexible optic containing probe m the desired field of view.
- the catheter 20 is designed as a flexible MuIti-lumen Schiauch, which may also have suction / irrigation hose connections.
- the endoscope 30 of FIG. 14 consists of a handle 1, a probe part 16, a control adapter 18 and a catheter 22. Also in the case of the endoscope 30 shown in FIG. 14, the connection of the individual components 1, 16, 18 and 22 takes place by means of a closer / clutch spring system. The Abwmkelung the catheter tip of the catheter 22 via the control adapter 18 located on the control element, thereby also by the control adapter 18 to the tip of the catheter 22 inserted flexible probe is moved. While in the Handle 1 here a camera and a light source are integrated, the probe part 16 has a flexible optics. The control adapter provided for controlling the catheter 22 is detachably connected to the catheter 22 at its one end face and to the probe part 16 at its other catheter end.
- the projecting on the probe part 16 probe is passed through a corresponding guide opening in the control adapter 18 and m introduced the sleeve-shaped catheter of the catheter part 22.
- the catheter part 22 of the endoscope 30 shown here also has a flexible multi-lobe tube, which can also have suction / irrigation hose connections here as well.
- FIG. 15 shows an endoscope 31 which is composed of a handle 1, a probe part 17 and a catheter part 24.
- the endoscope 31 consists of the handle 1, the integrated part having control unit 17 and the catheter part 24.
- the connection of the individual components 1, 17 and 24 is also realized here by means of a closer / clutch spring system.
- the Abwmklung provided on the catheter part catheter tip is made by the m the sleeve-shaped catheter of the catheter part 24 inserted probe of the probe portion 17, wherein the probe can be angled by the integrated control unit on the probe part 17 and so also moves the catheter tip.
- camera and light source are integrated.
- the catheter part 24 has a multi-lumen tube as a catheter, which can be connected to laterally projecting suction / irrigation hose connections.
- a handle 9 is combined with a catheter part 24 to form an endoscope 32.
- the ablation takes place. Wxnklung the catheter tip through the inserted into the catheter probe, which can be angled over the integrated control element and so also moves the catheter tip.
- the camera chip provided in the handle 9 is arranged in the free end region of the probe projecting above.
- the endoscope 33 of FIG. 17 combines the handle 14 with a catheter part 26 and is therefore suitable for the application of two different light sources 2.
- the components are also connected by means of a closing / clutch spring system.
- the two fiber-optic interfaces provided on the handle 14, on the one hand, the light required for the illumination of the field of view can be coupled and, if required, laser light or fluorescent light, for example.
- the probe projecting on the handgrip 14 can be regulated in length by means of the sliding button provided laterally and displaceably on the handle 14.
- the endoscope 33 shown in Fig. 17 permits light and image to be clearly separated from one another.
- the endoscope 33 can alternatively also be used in conjunction with the catheter parts 27 or 28, but then only with a light source 2.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Endoscopes (AREA)
- Instruments For Viewing The Inside Of Hollow Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011549488A JP2012517309A (ja) | 2009-02-11 | 2010-02-11 | モジュール式の内視鏡 |
| US13/148,775 US20110313245A1 (en) | 2009-02-11 | 2010-02-11 | Modular endoscope |
| DE112010000740T DE112010000740A5 (de) | 2009-02-11 | 2010-02-11 | Endoskop |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102009008427.4 | 2009-02-11 | ||
| DE102009008427A DE102009008427A1 (de) | 2009-02-11 | 2009-02-11 | Endoskop |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2010091886A1 true WO2010091886A1 (de) | 2010-08-19 |
Family
ID=42144910
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2010/000907 Ceased WO2010091886A1 (de) | 2009-02-11 | 2010-02-11 | Modulares endoskop |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20110313245A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2012517309A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102009008427A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010091886A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5736465B2 (ja) * | 2011-11-07 | 2015-06-17 | 株式会社フジクラ | 吸引カテーテル |
| KR101480016B1 (ko) * | 2013-08-23 | 2015-01-07 | 주식회사 현주인테크 | 휴대가 가능한 내시경 시스템 |
| JP6187231B2 (ja) * | 2013-12-17 | 2017-08-30 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | 内視鏡システム |
| US10869592B2 (en) | 2015-02-23 | 2020-12-22 | Uroviu Corp. | Handheld surgical endoscope |
| US11771304B1 (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2023-10-03 | Micronvision Corp. | Minimally invasive endoscope |
| US12268358B2 (en) | 2019-12-05 | 2025-04-08 | Uroviu Corp. | Portable endoscope with side-mountable disposable portion |
| EP3806708B1 (de) | 2018-06-17 | 2025-05-07 | Momentis Surgical Ltd. | Chirurgischer gelenkarm |
| US11672424B2 (en) * | 2019-01-19 | 2023-06-13 | Marek Sekowski | Microsurgical imaging system |
| US20210338052A1 (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2021-11-04 | Uroviu Corp. | Portable endoscope with steerable cannula |
| WO2021016626A1 (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-28 | Uroviu Corp. | Disposable endoscopy cannula with integrated grasper |
| JP2023504725A (ja) | 2019-12-05 | 2023-02-06 | モーメンティス サージカル リミテッド | 外科手術用アームを制御するためのユーザ入力デバイスの向き |
| IL272830B2 (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2024-08-01 | Momentis Surgical Ltd | Surgical robotic positioning cart |
| US12349868B2 (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2025-07-08 | Anqing Medical Co., Ltd. | Flexible endoscope |
| US11706520B2 (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2023-07-18 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Under-display camera and sensor control |
| EP4391882A4 (de) * | 2021-08-24 | 2025-05-28 | Momentis Surgical Ltd. | Abbildungsvorrichtung mit länglichem arm und schwenkbarer kamera |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997028839A1 (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1997-08-14 | Catheter Imaging Systems, Inc. | Steerable catheter having disposable module and sterilizable handle and method of connecting same |
| WO2006027136A1 (de) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-16 | Christian Thiel | Modulares endoskop |
| DE102007032200A1 (de) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-01-15 | Schölly Fiberoptic GmbH | Endoskop |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5363839A (en) * | 1992-09-21 | 1994-11-15 | Jedmed Instrument Company | Video otoscope |
| US6004263A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1999-12-21 | Hihon Kohden Corporation | Endoscope with detachable operation unit and insertion unit |
| DE19715507C1 (de) * | 1997-04-14 | 1999-02-04 | Storz Karl Gmbh & Co | Medizinisches Instrument mit einem tubusartigen Element und einem dazu abgewinkelten Griff, insbesondere Mediastinoskop, Laryngoskop, Divertikuloskop |
| US6890298B2 (en) * | 1999-10-14 | 2005-05-10 | Karl Storz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Video laryngoscope with detachable light and image guides |
| DE20105206U1 (de) * | 2001-03-22 | 2001-06-21 | Karl Storz GmbH & Co. KG, 78532 Tuttlingen | Endoskopisches Intubationssystem |
| US6852078B2 (en) * | 2002-05-22 | 2005-02-08 | Pentax Corporation | Outer sheathed endoscope |
| US20040133079A1 (en) * | 2003-01-02 | 2004-07-08 | Mazar Scott Thomas | System and method for predicting patient health within a patient management system |
| KR101376374B1 (ko) * | 2006-06-14 | 2014-03-20 | 옵티비아 메디칼 엘엘씨 | 의료용 장치 도입 시스템 및 방법 |
| DE102007032202B4 (de) * | 2007-07-11 | 2010-11-25 | Schölly Fiberoptic GmbH | Endoskop |
| JP2009119064A (ja) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-06-04 | Olympus Corp | カバー式内視鏡、カバー用内視鏡および内視鏡カバー |
-
2009
- 2009-02-11 DE DE102009008427A patent/DE102009008427A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-02-11 JP JP2011549488A patent/JP2012517309A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-02-11 WO PCT/EP2010/000907 patent/WO2010091886A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2010-02-11 US US13/148,775 patent/US20110313245A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-02-11 DE DE112010000740T patent/DE112010000740A5/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997028839A1 (en) * | 1996-02-09 | 1997-08-14 | Catheter Imaging Systems, Inc. | Steerable catheter having disposable module and sterilizable handle and method of connecting same |
| WO2006027136A1 (de) * | 2004-09-07 | 2006-03-16 | Christian Thiel | Modulares endoskop |
| DE102007032200A1 (de) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-01-15 | Schölly Fiberoptic GmbH | Endoskop |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20110313245A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
| DE102009008427A1 (de) | 2010-08-19 |
| DE112010000740A5 (de) | 2012-09-13 |
| JP2012517309A (ja) | 2012-08-02 |
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