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WO2010089186A2 - Circuit de commande pour un moteur asynchrone triphasé - Google Patents

Circuit de commande pour un moteur asynchrone triphasé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010089186A2
WO2010089186A2 PCT/EP2010/050577 EP2010050577W WO2010089186A2 WO 2010089186 A2 WO2010089186 A2 WO 2010089186A2 EP 2010050577 W EP2010050577 W EP 2010050577W WO 2010089186 A2 WO2010089186 A2 WO 2010089186A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
freewheeling
control circuit
transistor
transistors
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2010/050577
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2010089186A3 (fr
Inventor
Robert Frankenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of WO2010089186A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010089186A2/fr
Publication of WO2010089186A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010089186A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
    • H02M5/22—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M5/275—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/293—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34—Snubber circuits
    • H02M1/342—Active non-dissipative snubbers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control circuit for a three-phase asynchronous motor.
  • Three-phase asynchronous motors can be operated directly on a three-phase system via a frequency converter, via a variable transformer or via a phase control.
  • the speed can be controlled with a frequency converter
  • high losses occur in the frequency converter. Due to the large number of components required in the frequency converter, its costs and the risk of failure are high.
  • the frequency converter has a high harmonic content on the three-phase system due to system feedback.
  • Variable transformers are heavy components with which the speed can only be controlled to a limited extent.
  • the operation of the variable transformer is hardly automatable.
  • harmonics also occur as network feedback.
  • the engine develops unwanted noise during operation.
  • the starting current can only be reduced inadequately and the speed can only be controlled to a limited extent.
  • German Patent No. 1 809 438 discloses a protective circuit for limiting overvoltages for semiconductor circuits, the voltage limiting being effected by means of three zener diodes, which are each combined at the input and output of a three-phase controller to form a star connection.
  • a control circuit according to the invention for a Drehstroma- synchronous motor is constructed so that each of three network phases is connected via a phase transistor with at least one of three stator windings of the three-phase asynchronous motor.
  • the three-phase asynchronous motor has three stator windings (also called motor windings or main inductances), each of which is connected to an anode of each freewheeling diode.
  • the cathodes of the freewheeling diodes are connected to a freewheeling collection potential.
  • Each of the network phases is additionally connected to the freewheeling collection potential via a freewheeling transistor.
  • Such a construction of a control circuit enables the phase transistors to connect the terminals led out of the three-phase asynchronous motor to the three mains phases and the phase transistors can be controlled accordingly.
  • MOSFET metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor
  • phase transistor If the phase transistor is turned off while flowing through a current in the direction of the mains phase, a high voltage, which is caused by the inductances of the three-phase asynchronous motor, would occur at the motor-side connection of the phase transistor. In the case of the MOSFET, this is its drain. However, this induction voltage is limited by the motor current at the moment of switching off the phase transistor is applied to the reconnection or until the decay of energy in the respective inductance by another part of the circuit. This function is taken over by the freewheeling transistors, the freewheeling diodes and the freewheeling collection potential.
  • the control circuit has a comparatively small number of components and can therefore be realized inexpensively. It is further characterized by a low starting current, a low mains feedback by harmonics, a good controllability of the current flow and the reactive power, a relatively low power loss (compared to a frequency converter), a controllability of the rotational speed of the three-phase asynchronous motor and low noise development, especially when the control circuit is operated with frequencies outside the listening area.
  • the functionality of the control circuit is similar to that of a variable transformer, but is much lighter than this and requires considerably less space. In addition, the control circuit is easier to automate.
  • the freewheeling transistor is preferably switched on precisely when its respectively associated mains phase has a higher potential than each of the grid phases of the two other freewheeling transistors. This means that, except for a short overlap, only one free-wheeling transistor is switched on at any one time.
  • the freewheeling transistors alternate at mains frequency (for example 50 Hz) in turn into their ON state. This process creates the so-called freewheel collection potential to which all freewheeling transistors are connected in the case of using MOSFETs with their respective drain.
  • This freewheeling collection potential is maintained even under current load. It corresponds to the highest potential, that is the highest phase voltage of the three mains phases.
  • the freewheeling collection potential now adopts the motor current of the phase transistors during their turn-off process, in that the motor current is introduced into the freewheeling collection potential via the additional free-wheeling diodes.
  • control circuit Further components can be provided in the control circuit, in particular drive drivers for the transistors and components for ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), for example, in each case a capacitor connected between every two mains phases.
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility
  • the phase transistor is preferably formed as a field effect transistor (MOSFET).
  • MOSFET field effect transistor
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • the drain of the field effect transistor is connected to the stator winding.
  • the freewheeling transistor may be formed as a field effect transistor. Alternatively, the use of an IGBT is possible.
  • the drain of the freewheeling transistor is preferably connected to the freewheeling collection potential.
  • the stator windings of the three-phase asynchronous motor can be connected, for example, in delta connection or in star connection.
  • the phase transistor is designed as a MOSFET, in particular a so-called superjunction MOSFET, for example as a CoolMOS TM from Infineon.
  • superjunction MOSFETs have lower switching and throughput losses in power ranges of about 10 kW than an IGBT. The known, high reverse recovery of the body diodes of this superjunction MOSFET does not affect the function of the control circuit.
  • an instantaneous voltage sensor and / or an instantaneous current sensor is provided for each of the mains phases in order to switch the freewheeling transistors on and off accordingly.
  • phase transistors and the freewheeling transistors can be done for example by means of a microcontroller.
  • the control preferably takes place in such a way that the phase transistors are switched on and off in such a way that at least approximately a sinusoidal three-phase current is produced by the three-phase asynchronous motor.
  • phase transistors can be driven, for example, pulse-width modulated, in particular with a clock frequency in the range of 20 kHz to 100 kHz. This allows the
  • the average motor voltage remains as a result of a three-phase system with mains frequency, for example, 50 Hz or 60 Hz, but with a variable voltage amplitude. This results in a
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit with a three-phase asynchronous motor and three phase transistors
  • FIG. 2 shows the circuit from FIG. 1, expanded with additional freewheeling transistors and freewheeling diodes
  • FIG. 4 shows the circuit from FIG. 2 with two switched-off phase transistors at the moment of the highest phase potential on the network phase L1.
  • FIG. 1 shows part of a control circuit 1 with a three-phase asynchronous motor 2, of which three stator windings 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 are shown.
  • the stator windings 3.1 to 3.3 are connected in delta connection.
  • Each of the resulting connections of the three-phase asynchronous motor 2 is assigned a phase transistor MPl, MP2, MP3 for connection to a respective network phase Ll, L2, L3.
  • the phase transistors MPl, MP2, MP3 are formed as a MOSFET or each comprise a MOSFET. In case of a current flow
  • control circuit 1 according to FIG. 1 is expanded, as shown in FIG.
  • the stator windings 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 are each connected to an anode of an additional freewheeling diode Dl, D2, D3.
  • the cathodes of the free-wheeling diodes D 1, D 2, D 3 are connected to one another and form a freewheeling collecting potential 4.
  • Each of the mains phases L 1, L 2, L 3 is additionally connected to the freewheeling collecting potential 4 via a freewheeling transistor MF 1, MF 2, MF 3.
  • phase transistors MP1, MP2, MP3 When the phase transistors MP1, MP2, MP3 are switched on, a current flow Ii results, as shown in FIG.
  • the illustration of the current flow Ii serves only to illustrate at which points of the control circuit 1 in the described
  • the generation of the freewheeling collection potential 4 is shown with switched-off phase transistors MP2, MP3 (freewheeling).
  • the freewheeling transistor MF1 is switched on exactly when its associated network phase Ll has a higher potential than each of the other two network phases L2, L3.
  • the freewheeling transistors MF1, MF2, MF3 change at line frequency (for example 50 Hz) in order to their on state.
  • This process provides the free-wheeling collection potential 4, to which all free-wheeling transistors MF1, MF2, MF3 are connected, in the present case the use of MOSFETS with their respective drain.
  • This freewheeling collection potential 4 is maintained even under current load. It corresponds to the highest potential, that is to say the highest phase voltage of the three network phases L1, L2, L3.
  • the freewheeling collection potential 4 now adopts the motor current of the phase transistors MP1, MP2, MP3 in their turn-off process by the motor current via the additional freewheeling D2, D3 is introduced into the freewheeling collection potential 4. This results in the current flow I2.
  • the representation shown in FIG. 4 is exemplary for the case where the network phase L 1 has the highest potential. In the event that the highest potential is applied to the network phase L2 or L3, the respective associated freewheeling transistor MF2 or MF3 is turned on.
  • the illustration of the current flow I2 serves only to illustrate where current flows in the control circuit 1 in the situation described. In particular, should not be set with the presentation of the current direction. Likewise it should not be expressed that the current in all with I2 marked portions of the control circuit 1 is the same size.
  • control circuit may be provided in particular drive drivers for the transistors MF1, MF2, MF3, MP1, MP2, MP3 and components for ensuring the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), for example, in each case a capacitor C1, C2 connected between two mains phases in each case. C3.
  • EMC electromagnetic compatibility
  • the phase transistor MP1, MP2, MP3 may be formed as an IGBT or a MOSFET, in particular a superjunction MOSFET, for example a CoolMOS TM.
  • the freewheeling transistor MF1, MF2, MF3 may be formed as an IGBT.
  • stator windings 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 of the three-phase asynchronous motor 2 may alternatively be connected in star connection.
  • an instantaneous voltage sensor and / or an instantaneous current sensor (not shown) is provided for each of the mains phases L1, L2, L3.
  • phase transistors MPl, MP2, MP3 and the freewheeling transistors MFl, MF2, MF3 can be done for example by means of a microcontroller (not shown).
  • the control is preferably carried out in such a way that the phase transistors MP1, MP2, MP3 are switched on and off in such a way that at least approximately a sinusoidal three-phase current through the three-phase asynchronous motor 2 results.
  • phase transistors MPl, MP2, MP3 can be driven, for example, pulse width modulated, in particular with a clock frequency in the range of 20 kHz to 100 kHz.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit de commande (1) pour un moteur asynchrone triphasé (2), dans lequel chacune des trois phases du réseau (L1, L2, L3) est reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un transistor à phases (MP1, MP2, MP3) à au moins un des trois enroulements du stator (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) du moteur asynchrone triphasé, chacun des enroulements du stator (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) étant relié avec une anode d'une diode de roue libre (D1, D2, D3), les cathodes des diodes de roue libre (D1, D2, D3) étant reliées à un potentiel de collecte de roue libre (4), chacune des phases de réseau (L1, L2, L3) étant reliée par l'intermédiaire d'un transistor de roue libre (MF1, MF2, MF3) avec le potentiel de collecte de roue libre (4). L'invention concerne également un procédé pour commander un moteur asynchrone triphasé, le transistor de roue libre (MF1, MF2, MF3) étant mis en marche, lorsque sa phase de réseau (L1, L2, L3) présente un potentiel plus élevé que les phases de réseau (L1, L2, L3) des deux autres transistors de roue libre (MF1, MF2, MF3).
PCT/EP2010/050577 2009-02-05 2010-01-19 Circuit de commande pour un moteur asynchrone triphasé Ceased WO2010089186A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009007522A DE102009007522B4 (de) 2009-02-05 2009-02-05 Steuerschaltung für einen Drehstromasynchronmotor
DE102009007522.4 2009-02-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010089186A2 true WO2010089186A2 (fr) 2010-08-12
WO2010089186A3 WO2010089186A3 (fr) 2010-09-30

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PCT/EP2010/050577 Ceased WO2010089186A2 (fr) 2009-02-05 2010-01-19 Circuit de commande pour un moteur asynchrone triphasé

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DE (1) DE102009007522B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010089186A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9344029B2 (en) 2011-12-07 2016-05-17 Kd Elektroniksysteme Gmbh Asynchronous motor unit comprising a frequency converter with electrical isolation in the DC voltage intermediate circuit

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3409299C2 (de) 1984-03-14 1986-05-22 VEGLA Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH, 5100 Aachen Ein- oder mehrphasiger Wechselstromsteller mit Impulsbreitensteuerung

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6163129A (en) * 1999-03-11 2000-12-19 Eaton Corporation Method of controlling the starting, stopping and speed of an AC induction motor
US6586905B1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2003-07-01 Siemens Energy & Automation Automatic sensing of bypassing of soft starter or controller
DE102008016840A1 (de) * 2008-04-01 2009-10-08 Universität Siegen Schaltbarer Freilaufkreis für Matrixumrichter

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3409299C2 (de) 1984-03-14 1986-05-22 VEGLA Vereinigte Glaswerke GmbH, 5100 Aachen Ein- oder mehrphasiger Wechselstromsteller mit Impulsbreitensteuerung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PFEIFER, M.: "Protection circuit for the matrix converter", INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS, 2008, IECON 2008, 34TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF IEEE, 2008

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9344029B2 (en) 2011-12-07 2016-05-17 Kd Elektroniksysteme Gmbh Asynchronous motor unit comprising a frequency converter with electrical isolation in the DC voltage intermediate circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010089186A3 (fr) 2010-09-30
DE102009007522A1 (de) 2010-08-19
DE102009007522B4 (de) 2011-09-01

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