WO2010086967A1 - Elevator device - Google Patents

Abstract

In an elevator device, an elevator car is moved in a hoistway.  A speed governor is provided with a rotating shaft rotating according to movement of the elevator car, centrifugal weights revolving about the rotating shaft as the rotating shaft rotates, extendible and retractable arms for connecting the centrifugal weights to the rotating shaft and displaced relative to the rotating shaft according to a centrifugal force acting on the centrifugal weights when the weights revolve, and a displacement setting device for extending and retracting the extendible and retractable arms so that the arms have different lengths when the rotating shaft rotates in the normal direction and when the rotating shaft rotates in the reverse direction.  The speed governor detects whether the speed of the elevator car is normal or not based on the amount of displacement of the extendible and retractable arms relative to the rotating shaft.

Description

Elevator equipment

The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus having a car that is moved in a hoistway.

Conventionally, there has been known an elevator apparatus that operates a governor to make an emergency stop when a car speed exceeds a predetermined overspeed. In general, the set overspeed at which the governor operates is the same whether the moving direction of the car is the upward direction or the downward direction.

However, for example, when the pit depth of the hoistway is limited, the setting of the governor when the car is lowered than when the car is raised is related to the allowable speed of the car in the shock absorber installed in the pit. There is a demand to reduce overspeed.

Conventionally, in order to lower the set overspeed when the car is lowered than when the car is raised, a speed governor has been proposed in which power transmission between the two speed governing mechanisms is connected / released by a clutch device. The set overspeed of one speed control mechanism is higher than the set overspeed of the other speed control mechanism. When the car rises, the speed control mechanisms are separated from each other by the clutch device, and only one speed control mechanism with a high set overspeed functions. When the car descends, each speed control mechanism is connected via a clutch device, and each speed control mechanism functions. Thereby, the setting overspeed of the governor becomes lower when the car is lowered than when the car is raised (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2000-327241 A

However, since the conventional elevator apparatus as described above requires two speed control mechanisms, the number of parts increases and the cost increases. In addition, the size of the governor as a whole increases, and the elevator apparatus cannot be reduced.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and the overspeed setting of the governor can be made different between when the car is raised and when the car is lowered, and the cost can be reduced. An object of the present invention is to obtain an elevator apparatus that can be reduced in size.

An elevator apparatus according to the present invention includes a car that is moved in a hoistway, a rotating shaft that rotates in accordance with the movement of the car, a centrifugal weight that revolves around the rotating shaft as the rotating shaft rotates, and a centrifugal weight. The telescopic arm connected to the rotary shaft and displaced with respect to the rotary shaft according to the centrifugal force received by the centrifugal weight due to revolution, and the length of the telescopic arm by extending and retracting the telescopic arm when the rotary shaft is rotating forward and reverse And a speed governor that detects whether there is an abnormality in the speed of the car based on the amount of displacement of the telescopic arm with respect to the rotating shaft.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram which shows the elevator apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the governor of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which the expansion-contraction arm of the governor of FIG. 2 is extended. It is a front view which shows the governor of FIG.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a block diagram showing an elevator apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the figure, a machine room 2 is provided in the upper part of the hoistway 1. In the machine room 2, a hoisting machine (driving device) 4 having a driving sheave 3, a deflecting wheel 5 arranged at an interval from the driving sheave 3, and a control device that controls the operation of the elevator. 6 are provided.

A common main rope 7 is wound around the driving sheave 3 and the deflector 5. A car 8 and a counterweight 9 that can move up and down in the hoistway 1 are suspended from the main rope 7. The car 8 and the counterweight 9 are moved up and down in the hoistway 1 by the rotation of the driving sheave 3. When the car 8 and the counterweight 9 are moved up and down in the hoistway 1, the car 8 is guided by a car guide rail (not shown), and the counterweight 9 is guided by a counterweight guide rail (not shown). Is done.

An emergency stop device 10 that prevents the car 8 from falling is provided below the car 8. The emergency stop device 10 is provided with an operation arm 11. The emergency stop device 10 grips the car guide rail by operating the operation arm 11. The movement of the car 8 is prevented by gripping the car guide rail by the safety device 10.

A governor 12 is provided in the machine room 2, and a tension wheel 13 is provided in the lower part of the hoistway 1. The governor 12 includes a governor body 14 and a governor sheave 15 provided in the governor body 14. A governor rope 16 is wound between the governor sheave 15 and the tension wheel 13. One end and the other end of the governor rope 16 are connected to the operation arm 11. Thereby, the governor sheave 15 and the tension wheel 13 are rotated according to the movement of the car 8. The governor sheave 15 and the tension wheel 13 are rotated forward when the car 8 is raised and reversed when the car 8 is lowered.

The governor body 14 grips the governor rope 16 when the rotational speed of the governor sheave 15 reaches a predetermined overspeed. The operation arm 11 is operated when the governor rope 16 is gripped by the governor body 14 and the car 8 is displaced with respect to the governor rope 16.

At the bottom (pit) of the hoistway 1, a car shock absorber 17 located below the car 8 and a counterweight shock absorber 18 located below the counterweight 9 are provided. The car shock absorber 17 reduces the impact applied to the car 8 when the car 8 receives a collision. The counterweight buffer 18 softens the impact applied to the counterweight 9 when it receives a collision with the counterweight 9.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the governor 12 of FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where the telescopic arm of the governor 12 of FIG. 2 is extended. Further, FIG. 4 is a front view showing the governor 12 of FIG. In the figure, the speed governor 12 is supported by a support 19. The governor body 14 is operated by the sheave interlock device 20 that is interlocked with the governor sheave 15 according to the rotational speed of the governor sheave 15 and the sheave interlock device 20 to operate the elevator. An overspeed detection switch 21 that outputs a stop signal to stop the operation, and a gripping device 22 (FIG. 4) that grips the governor rope 16 by being operated by the sheave interlocking device 20.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sheave shaft 23 of the governor sheave 15 is horizontally supported by the support 19 through a bearing 24. A driving bevel gear 25 is fixed to the end portion of the sheave shaft 23.

The sheave interlocking device 20 is fixed to a driven shaft (rotating shaft) 26 arranged along the vertical direction, a driven bevel gear 27 that is fixed to the lower end portion of the driven shaft 26, and meshes with the drive bevel gear 25, and the driven shaft 26. A displacement body 28 provided and displaceable with respect to the driven shaft 26 in a direction along the driven shaft 26, a centrifugal displacement device 29 that displaces the displacement body 28 according to the rotation of the driven shaft 26, and rotation of the driven shaft 26. A displacement setting device 30 is provided which can set the centrifugal displacement device 29 so that the relationship between the speed and the displacement amount of the displacement body 28 is different between when the driven shaft 26 rotates forward and when it rotates backward.

The driven shaft 26 is supported by the support 19 through a bearing 31. The rotation of the sheave shaft 23 is transmitted to the driven shaft 26 via the driving bevel gear 25 and the driven bevel gear 27. Accordingly, the driven shaft 26 is rotated according to the rotation of the governor sheave 15. That is, the driven shaft 26 is rotated forward when the governor sheave 15 is rotated forward, and is rotated when the governor sheave 15 is reversed.

The centrifugal displacement device 29 is provided on the driven shaft 26. Further, the centrifugal displacement device 29 is rotated integrally with the driven shaft 26. Further, the centrifugal displacement device 29 connects a pair of flyballs (centrifugal weights) 32 revolving around the driven shaft 26 as the driven shaft 26 rotates, and each flyball 32 to the upper end of the driven shaft 26. A pair of telescopic arms 33 that can rotate with respect to the driven shaft 26; a sliding cylinder 34 that is slidably passed through the driven shaft 26; and a link member 35 that links each of the telescopic arms 33 and the sliding cylinder 34; And a balance spring 36 for urging the slide cylinder 34 downward.

Each fly ball 32 receives a centrifugal force corresponding to the rotational speed of the driven shaft 26 by revolution about the driven shaft 26.

The telescopic arm 33 is displaced by rotation with respect to the driven shaft 26 in accordance with the centrifugal force received by the flyball 32. The sliding tube 34 is displaced in a direction along the driven shaft 26 in accordance with the displacement of each telescopic arm 33 with respect to the driven shaft 26. That is, when the rotational speed of the driven shaft 26 increases, the telescopic arm 33 is displaced in a direction in which the flyballs 32 are separated from each other, and the sliding cylinder 34 is displaced upward against the urging force of the balance spring 36. When the rotational speed of the driven shaft 26 decreases, the telescopic arm 33 is displaced in a direction in which the flyballs 32 approach each other, and the sliding cylinder 34 is displaced downward by the biasing force of the balance spring 36.

Each telescopic arm 33 includes an arm main body 37 that is rotatably attached to the driven shaft 26, and an actuator 38 that is provided on the arm main body 37 and changes the length of the telescopic arm 33.

The actuator 38 includes a plunger 39 that can be displaced with respect to the arm body 37 and an electromagnetic coil 40 that displaces the plunger 39 with respect to the arm body 37.

The flyball 32 is attached to the plunger 39. The plunger 39 can be displaced between an extended position (FIG. 3) away from the arm body 37 and a contracted position (FIG. 2) closer to the arm body 37 than the extended position. The length of the telescopic arm 33 changes when the plunger 39 is displaced between the extended position and the contracted position. The plunger 39 is displaced to the extended position by energization of the electromagnetic coil 40, and when the energization to the electromagnetic coil 40 is stopped, the plunger 39 is displaced to the contracted position by the urging force of the urging body (not shown).

The displacement body 28 can be displaced together with the sliding cylinder 34. Thereby, the displacement body 28 is displaced in the direction along the driven shaft 26 according to the rotational speed of the governor sheave 15. The displacement body 28 is rotatable with respect to the sliding cylinder 34 and the driven shaft 26. Therefore, the state of the displacement body 28 is maintained without being rotated even if the sliding cylinder 34 and the driven shaft 26 are rotated. Further, the displacement body 28 has a driven cylinder 41 slidably passed through the driven shaft 26 and an operation portion 42 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the driven cylinder 41.

The displacement setting device 30 expands and contracts each telescopic arm 33 so that the length of each telescopic arm 33 is different between when the driven shaft 26 rotates forward and when it rotates reversely. That is, the displacement setting device 30 makes the relationship between the rotational speed of the driven shaft 26 and the amount of displacement of the displacement body 28 by making the revolution radius of each flyball 32 different between forward rotation and reverse rotation of the driven shaft 26. The driven shaft 26 is set to be different between forward rotation and reverse rotation.

In this example, the displacement setting device 30 shortens the length of each telescopic arm 33 during the normal rotation of the driven shaft 26 (that is, when the car 8 is raised) and reverses the driven shaft 26 (that is, the At the time of lowering, the length of each telescopic arm 33 is made longer than that when the driven shaft 26 is rotated forward.

The displacement setting device 30 includes a generator 43 that generates electric power by the rotation of the driven shaft 26, and among the electric power generated by the generator 43, only the electric power at the time of either forward rotation or reverse rotation of the driven shaft 26 is electromagnetic coil 40. And a rectifying device 44 to be sent to.

The generator 43 is provided at the upper end of the driven shaft 26. The generator 43 is a DC generator. The generator 43 further includes a generator fixed shaft 45 including a permanent magnet, and a generator main body 46 including a power generation coil and surrounding the generator fixed shaft 45. The generator fixed shaft 45 is attached to the support 19 via a mounting metal 47. The generator body 46 is rotated integrally with the driven shaft 26. When the generator body 46 is rotated integrally with the driven shaft 26, a current flows through the power generation coil. The direction of the current flowing through the power generation coil varies depending on the rotation direction of the driven shaft 26. That is, the generator 43 generates a positive current when the driven shaft 26 rotates in the forward direction, and generates a negative current when the driven shaft 26 rotates in the reverse direction.

The rectifier 44 is electrically connected to each of the generator body 46 and the electromagnetic coil 40 by conducting wires 48 and 49. Further, the rectifier 44 sends only either positive or negative current from the generator 43 to the electromagnetic coil 40. Thereby, only the electric power at the time of either forward rotation or reverse rotation of the driven shaft 26 is sent from the rectifier 44 to the electromagnetic coil 40.

In this example, of the positive and negative currents from the generator 43, only the negative current (that is, only the current when the car 8 is lowered) is sent from the rectifier 44 to the electromagnetic coil 40. The positive current is interrupted by the rectifier 44 and does not reach the electromagnetic coil 40. Accordingly, the length of each telescopic arm 33 is increased when the car 8 is lowered, and the length of each telescopic arm 33 is shortened when the car 8 is raised.

The overspeed detection switch 21 is disposed on the radially outer side of the driven cylinder 41. The overspeed detection switch 21 includes a switch body 50 fixed to the support body 19 and a switch lever 51 provided on the switch body 50 and protruding toward the displacement body 28 side. The operation unit 42 can operate the switch lever 51 by the displacement of the displacement body 28 with respect to the overspeed detection switch 21. The overspeed detection switch 21 detects an abnormality in the speed of the car 8 when the switch lever 51 is operated by the operation unit 42. That is, the overspeed detection switch 21 detects the presence or absence of an abnormality in the speed of the car 8 based on whether or not the displacement body 28 is detected. A stop signal for stopping the operation of the elevator is output from the switch body 50 when the overspeed detection switch 21 detects an abnormality in the speed of the car 8.

When the length of each telescopic arm 33 is long, the revolution radius of each flyball 32 is large. Therefore, the amount of displacement of the displacement body 28 is larger than when the length of each telescopic arm 33 is short. Become. Therefore, when the length of each telescopic arm 33 is long, the displacement body 28 reaches the position where the switch lever 51 is operated at a stage where the rotational speed of the driven shaft 26 is lower than when the length of each telescopic arm 33 is short. It becomes. That is, the rotational speed of the driven shaft 26 (first set overspeed) at which the overspeed detection switch 21 detects an abnormality in the speed of the car 8 is when the length of each telescopic arm 33 is short (when the car 8 is raised). Rather, the value is lower when the length of each telescopic arm 33 is longer (when the car 8 is lowered).

The control device 6 controls the operation of the elevator based on the information from the overspeed detection switch 21. In this example, the control device 6 receives the stop signal from the overspeed detection switch 21, determines that an abnormality has occurred in the speed of the car 8, and performs control to stop the operation of the elevator.

The gripping device 22 is disposed below the governor sheave 15 as shown in FIG. The gripping device 22 includes a fixed shoe 52 fixed to the support 19, a gripping position for gripping the governor rope 16 between the fixed shoe 52, and an open position farther from the fixed shoe 52 than the gripping position. A movable shoe 53 displaceable between them, a displacement pressing device 54 that generates a gripping force for gripping the governor rope 16 between the movable shoe 53 displaced to the gripping position and the fixed shoe 52, A holding device 55 that holds the movable shoe 53 in an open position and releases the holding of the movable shoe 53 when the rotational speed of the driven shaft 26 reaches a second set overspeed that is higher than the first set overspeed; is doing.

The displacement pressing device 54 is connected between the attachment portion provided on the support 19 and the movable shoe 53 and is extendable and contractible, and the shoe extension arm 56 is provided on the shoe extension arm 56 and is separated from the attachment portion of the support 19. And a pressing spring (biasing body) 57 that biases the movable shoe 53 in the direction.

The shoe extendable arm 56 is pivotally connected to the attachment portion of the support 19 and the movable shoe 53, respectively. The movable shoe 53 is displaced between the gripping position and the opening position when the shoe telescopic arm 56 is rotated with respect to the attachment portion of the support 19. The shoe extendable arm 56 is pushed and contracted by the fixed shoe 52 when the movable shoe 53 is displaced to the gripping position. Further, the shoe extendable arm 56 extends under the urging force of the pressing spring 57 when the movable shoe 53 is displaced to the open position.

The pressing spring 57 is contracted between the mounting portion of the support 19 and the movable shoe 53. The pressing spring 57 is a coil spring having a shoe telescopic arm 56 passed therethrough. The urging force by the pressing spring 57 is further increased when the shoe telescopic arm 56 is contracted.

The gripping force by the displacement pressing device 54 is generated when the movable shoe 53 is displaced to the gripping position and the urging force of the pressing spring 57 is increased.

The holding device 55 is engaged with an engagement lever 58 that is displaceable between an engagement position that engages with the movable shoe 53 and a release position where the engagement with the movable shoe 53 is disengaged, and a direction that is displaced to the release position. A release spring (biasing body) 59 that urges the lever 58 and a pressing member 60 that holds the engagement lever 58 at the engagement position against the urging force of the release spring 59 are provided.

The engagement lever 58 is displaced between the engagement position and the release position by rotating around the lever shaft 61 provided on the support 19. The release spring 59 is connected between the engagement lever 58 and the support body 19.

The pressing member 60 is rotatable about a support shaft 62 provided on the support body 19. Further, the pressing member 60 is connected to the displacement body 28 via a link 63. Thereby, the pressing member 60 is rotated around the support shaft 62 according to the displacement of the displacement body 28.

The link 63 is rotatably connected to each of the displacement body 28 and the pressing member 60. Further, the link 63 is displaced upward as the rotational speed of the driven shaft 26 increases.

The engagement lever 58 is normally held at the engagement position by the pressing member 60. The holding member 60 is rotated in a direction in which the holding of the engaging lever 58 by the holding member 60 is released by the upward displacement of the link 63. The holding of the engagement lever 58 by the pressing member 60 is released when the rotational speed of the driven shaft 26 exceeds the first set overspeed and reaches the second set overspeed.

When the holding of the engaging lever 58 by the pressing member 60 is released, the engaging lever 58 is displaced from the engaging position to the releasing position by the urging force of the releasing spring 59, and the movable shoe 53 and the engaging lever 58 are engaged. Come off. When the engagement between the movable shoe 53 and the engagement lever 58 is released, the movable shoe 53 is displaced to the gripping position by its own weight, and the governor rope 16 is gripped between the fixed shoe 52 and the movable shoe 53.

Next, the operation will be described. When the car 8 is moved, the driven shaft 26 is rotated according to the movement of the car 8, and the displacement body 28 is displaced along the driven shaft 26 according to the rotational speed of the driven shaft 26. When the car 8 is moved at the normal operation speed, the displacement amount of the displacement body 28 is small, and the switch lever 51 is not operated by the operation unit 42.

When the speed of the car 8 increases for some reason and reaches the first set overspeed, the switch lever 51 is operated by the operation unit 42. As a result, a stop signal is sent from the overspeed detection switch 21 to the control device 6. When the control device 6 receives the stop signal, the operation of the elevator is forcibly stopped by the control of the control device 6.

Thereafter, when the speed of the car 8 is further increased and the second set overspeed is reached even though the operation stop control is performed by the control device 6, the holding lever 58 is held by the pressing member 60. And the governor rope 16 is gripped between the fixed shoe 52 and the movable shoe 53. Thereby, the movement of the governor rope 16 is stopped, and the car 8 is moved with respect to the governor rope 16.

When the car 8 is moved with respect to the governor rope 16, the operation arm 11 is operated and the operation for gripping the car guide rail is performed by the emergency stop device 10. As a result, braking force is directly applied to the car 8.

Next, the operation of the sheave interlocking device 20 will be described. When the car 8 is moving up, the driven shaft 26 is rotated forward. As a result, a positive current is generated in the generator 43. The positive current from the generator 43 is interrupted by the rectifier 44 and is not sent to the electromagnetic coil 40. As a result, the plunger 39 is displaced to the contracted position, and each telescopic arm 33 is contracted. That is, when the car 8 is raised, each flyball 32 is revolved around the driven shaft 26 with each telescopic arm 33 contracted.

On the other hand, when the car 8 is descending, the driven shaft 26 is reversed. As a result, a negative current is generated in the generator 43. The negative current from the generator 43 is sent to the electromagnetic coil 40 through the rectifier 44. Thereby, the plunger 39 is displaced to the extended position, and each telescopic arm 33 is extended. That is, when the car 8 is descending, each flyball 32 is revolved around the driven shaft 26 with each telescopic arm 33 extended.

The rotational speed of the driven shaft 26 for displacing the displacement body 28 to the position where the switch lever 51 is operated and the position where the pressing member 60 is displaced to the release position is determined by the revolution radius of each flyball 32. Since it is larger when the car 8 is lowered than when the car 8 is raised, it is lower when the car 8 is lowered than when the car 8 is raised. That is, the first and second set overspeeds are lower when the car 8 is lowered than when the car 8 is raised.

In such an elevator apparatus, each telescopic arm 33 that connects each flyball 32 of the speed governor 12 to the driven shaft 26 can be expanded and contracted, and the length of each telescopic arm 33 can be changed between forward rotation and reverse rotation. Since the displacement setting devices 30 having different lengths are provided, the revolution radius of the flyball 32 can be made different between when the car 8 is raised and when it is lowered. As a result, the first and second set overspeeds for detecting an abnormality in the speed of the car 8 can be made different between when the car 8 is raised and when the car 8 is lowered. In addition, since it is not necessary to provide two speed control mechanisms in which the set overspeeds are individually set, the number of parts can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. Further, since the speed governor 12 as a whole can be reduced in size, the elevator apparatus can be reduced in size.

In addition, the displacement setting device 30 is configured to generate only the power at the time of either forward rotation or reverse rotation of the driven shaft 26 out of the power generated by the generator 43 by the rotation of the driven shaft 26 and the generator 43. Since it has the rectifier 44 which sends to the electromagnetic coil 40 of the telescopic arm 33, power supply from the outside can be made unnecessary, and the speed governor 12 can be operated more reliably according to the moving direction of the car 8. be able to.

Also, the first and second set overspeeds when the car 8 is raised and lowered can be easily adjusted only by adjusting the contracted position and the extended position of the plunger 39.

In the above example, the rectifier 44 sends only a negative current to the electromagnetic coil 40. However, a rectifier that sends only a positive current to the electromagnetic coil 40 may be used. In this way, the first and second set overspeeds when the car 8 is lowered can be set higher than the first and second set overspeeds when the car 8 is raised.

Claims (2)

A car that moves in the hoistway, a rotating shaft that rotates in accordance with the movement of the car, a centrifugal weight that revolves around the rotating shaft as the rotating shaft rotates, and the centrifugal weight that rotates the rotating shaft And the telescopic arm that is displaced with respect to the rotary shaft in accordance with the centrifugal force received by the centrifugal weight by the revolution, and the telescopic arm is extended and contracted so that the length of the telescopic arm is the normal rotation of the rotary shaft. And a speed governor that detects whether there is an abnormality in the speed of the car based on the amount of displacement of the telescopic arm with respect to the rotating shaft. The elevator apparatus characterized by this. The telescopic arm has an electromagnetic coil that changes the length of the telescopic arm by receiving power,
The displacement setting device includes a generator that generates electric power by rotation of the rotating shaft, and out of the electric power generated by the generator, only the electric power at the time of forward rotation or reverse rotation of the rotating shaft is transferred to the electromagnetic coil. The elevator apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a rectifying device to be sent.

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