WO2010073394A1 - 蓄電池併設型の風力発電システムおよび蓄電池の充放電制御装置 - Google Patents
蓄電池併設型の風力発電システムおよび蓄電池の充放電制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010073394A1 WO2010073394A1 PCT/JP2008/073818 JP2008073818W WO2010073394A1 WO 2010073394 A1 WO2010073394 A1 WO 2010073394A1 JP 2008073818 W JP2008073818 W JP 2008073818W WO 2010073394 A1 WO2010073394 A1 WO 2010073394A1
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- storage battery
- charge
- instantaneous response
- pattern information
- discharge control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
- F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- H02J2101/28—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a storage battery-equipped wind power generation system and a storage battery charge / discharge control device, and more particularly to a technique for stabilizing output power to a system linked to a wind power generator without being affected by the air volume.
- wind power generators generate power by receiving natural wind, so output power is greatly affected by fluctuations in wind speed.
- system the wind power generator is connected to the system (referred to as “connected”), but the wind power generator is caused by fluctuations in wind speed. This output fluctuation causes the amount of power supplied to the system to fluctuate every moment.
- the electric power company predicts the time change of the power consumption which changes every moment, and makes a power supply plan to the grid along with it.
- power that is unstable and whose output is not constant is not allowed to flow into the system. Therefore, when introducing a wind power generation system that links a wind power generator to a grid, it is essential to suppress fluctuations in output power to the grid.
- a storage battery-equipped wind power generator has been proposed to suppress fluctuations in the output power to the grid.
- the wind turbine generator with storage battery can supply almost constant power to the grid without being influenced by the air volume by controlling charging and discharging by turning a part of the power generated by the wind power generator to the power storage.
- the storage battery is charged and discharged so as to cancel the fluctuation of the power generation amount by the wind power generator with respect to the target power amount to be made constant, and the combined power of the power generation amount of the wind power generator and the charge and discharge amount of the storage battery is supplied to the system
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 there are those that suppress fluctuations in the output power of the wind power generator as viewed from the grid.
- the fluctuation range of the power generated by the wind power generator with respect to the target power amount is unknown, it is impossible to accurately grasp the remaining charge / discharge capacity that can be used for continuous power supply to the power system. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the remaining charge / discharge capacity to a certain extent.
- the fluctuation range of the generated power becomes large during stormy weather, the remaining charge / discharge capacity is actually estimated to be rather small in anticipation of this large fluctuation range. For this reason, there has been a problem that planned power transmission that supplies as much stable power as possible to the system by using the charge / discharge function of the storage battery cannot be realized.
- the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and effectively exhibits the charge / discharge function of a storage battery provided in a wind power generator so that as much stable power as possible can be systematically provided. It aims to be able to supply to.
- an instantaneous value of the electric energy generated by the wind power generator is detected as an instantaneous response element, and the generated electric energy is calculated based on the amount of change per unit time of the instantaneous response element.
- One charge / discharge control region representing the capacity of the storage battery to be allocated for charge / discharge control corresponding to the fluctuation is selected from a plurality of patterns and applied to the charge / discharge control.
- the charge / discharge control region is assigned based on the actual measurement value (instantaneous response element) of the electric energy generated by the wind power generator.
- the size of the charge / discharge control region is adaptively changed according to the amount of change per unit time of the instantaneous response element. Specifically, the charge / discharge control region is set to be small when the change amount of the instantaneous response element is small, and the charge / discharge control region is set to be large when the change amount of the instantaneous response element is large.
- the amount of change per unit time of the instantaneous response element varies depending on the wind conditions. Therefore, the maximum DC component can be set in the storage battery depending on the wind conditions. As described above, using the charge / discharge function of the storage battery provided in the wind power generator, as much stable power as possible can be systematically supplied to the system according to the wind conditions.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of a storage battery-equipped wind power generation system 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the wind power generation system 10 according to the first embodiment includes a wind power generator 1, a charge / discharge control device 2, an inverter 3, and a storage battery 4.
- the wind power generation system 10 according to the first embodiment is connected to the grid 100 of the power company via the power supply control device 20.
- the wind power generator 1 is driven by wind power and generates power for supplying power to the system 100.
- the wind power generator 1 has a configuration in which a tower portion is built on a pedestal and a propeller type windmill is provided on the upper portion of the tower portion.
- a blade which is a blade (blade) portion of a propeller type windmill, is attached to a rotating shaft via a hub, and is configured to receive wind and rotate together with the rotating shaft.
- a generator is connected to the rotating shaft, and the power generated by the generator is configured to be output to the outside of the wind power generator 1 via a power cable.
- the blade receives wind and converts the wind energy into rotational force, and the generator converts the rotational energy of the blade into electric power.
- the storage battery 4 stores part of the power generated by the wind power generator 1 by charging and discharging.
- the charge / discharge control device 2 controls charge / discharge of the storage battery 4. Details of the control contents will be described later with reference to FIG.
- the inverter 3 performs cross flow conversion processing. Specifically, the inverter 3 converts the AC power supplied from the charge / discharge control device 2 during charging into DC power and supplies it to the storage battery 4, and converts the DC power supplied from the storage battery 4 into AC power during discharging. And supplied to the charge / discharge control device 2.
- the power supply control device 20 controls the power supplied to the system 100 using the power generated by the wind power generator 1 and the power discharged from the storage battery 4 by the charge / discharge control device 2.
- the power supply control device 20 controls the system 100 to supply the system 100 with power obtained by combining the power generation amount of the wind power generator 1 and the charge / discharge amount of the storage battery 4.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the charge / discharge control device 2 according to the present embodiment.
- the charge / discharge control device 2 of the present embodiment has, as its functional configuration, an instantaneous response detection unit 11, a change amount calculation unit 13, a charge / discharge control unit 14, a pattern information storage unit 15, and pattern information selection.
- a portion 16 is provided.
- the instantaneous response detection unit 11 sequentially detects the instantaneous value of the electric energy generated by the wind power generator 1 as the instantaneous response element P.
- the sampling time which is the time interval at which the instantaneous response detection unit 11 detects the instantaneous response element P, is arbitrary, but is set to several seconds, for example.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a specific example of the instantaneous response element P.
- the instantaneous response element P is originally a discrete value for each sampling time, but for the sake of convenience, the waveform is shown as a waveform in which discrete values are connected for easy understanding.
- the instantaneous response element P indicates the actual power generation amount of the wind power generator 1 detected at each sampling time by the instantaneous response detection unit 11, and the power amount changes greatly at each sampling time. ing.
- the change amount calculation unit 13 obtains a change amount dP / dt per unit time of the instantaneous response element P detected by the instantaneous response detection unit 11.
- the charging / discharging control unit 14 controls charging / discharging of the storage battery 4 according to the fluctuation of the instantaneous response element P detected by the instantaneous response detecting unit 11.
- the charging / discharging control of the storage battery 4 according to the fluctuation of the instantaneous response element P is performed as follows, for example. That is, the charge / discharge control unit 14 uses the target power amount G that is finally desired to be constant as a reference, so that the storage battery 4 cancels the difference of the instantaneous response element P detected by the instantaneous response detection unit 11 with respect to the target power amount G. Controls charging and discharging of Specifically, in FIG. 3, the storage battery 4 is charged with the power amount of the portion where the instantaneous response element P exceeds the target power amount G, while the instantaneous response element P is more than the target power amount G. The amount of power in the lower portion is discharged from the storage battery 4.
- the pattern information storage unit 15 is an instantaneous response control region (charge / discharge control) that represents the capacity of the storage battery 4 assigned to charge / discharge control (for charge / discharge control shown in FIG. 3) according to the fluctuation of the instantaneous response element P.
- a plurality of types of pattern information relating to combinations of (regions) are stored.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of types of pattern information stored in the pattern information storage unit 15.
- three types of pattern information A, B, and C are shown.
- the capacity allocated as the instantaneous response control area is equivalent to 1 MW (megawatt) in terms of electric energy.
- the capacity allocated as the instantaneous response control area is equivalent to 2 MW.
- the pattern information C has a capacity allocated as an instantaneous response control area equivalent to 3 MW.
- the storage battery 4 has a capacity capable of storing a maximum amount of power of 30 MW.
- the pattern information selection unit 16 uses a plurality of types of pattern information stored in the pattern information storage unit 15 based on the variation dP / dt per unit time of the instantaneous response element P obtained by the variation calculation unit 13. One of them is selected, and the instantaneous response control region of the selected pattern information is applied to the charge / discharge control of the storage battery 4 by the charge / discharge control unit 14.
- the pattern information selection unit 16 includes table information indicating the correspondence between the range of the value of the change amount dP / dt and the pattern information stored in the pattern information storage unit 15.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of this table information.
- the table information shown in FIG. 5 selects pattern information A when the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt is smaller than x (x is an arbitrary value greater than 0), and the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt is greater than or equal to x.
- y is smaller than y (y is an arbitrary value greater than x)
- the pattern information B is selected
- the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt is greater than or equal to y
- the pattern information C is selected.
- the pattern information selection unit 16 selects, for example, pattern information A in the initial state. Then, the pattern information selection unit 16 determines that the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt obtained by the change amount calculation unit 13 is equal to or longer than a predetermined time within a range of three values shown in FIG. When it is detected that this is continued, the selection is switched to the pattern information associated with the range.
- the condition that it is continuously applicable for a predetermined time or more is that the pattern information is not switched to darkness when the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt changes greatly only instantaneously.
- the pattern information is switched when the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt belongs to the range of one value continuously for a predetermined time or more.
- Other methods may be used. For example, an average value of the most recent change amount dP / dt calculated at each sampling time (for example, a plurality of change amounts dP / dt calculated within the last one minute) is obtained, and this average value is the value shown in FIG.
- the pattern information may be switched by determining which of the ranges belongs.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the charge / discharge control device 2 according to the first embodiment. Note that the flowchart shown in FIG. 6 is repeatedly performed at every sampling time. In addition, it is assumed that the pattern information selection unit 16 selects the pattern information A and applies it to the charge / discharge control unit 14 at the start of the flowchart shown in FIG. That is, the control area corresponding to the pattern information A is set in the storage battery 4.
- the instantaneous response detection unit 11 detects an instantaneous value of the amount of power generated by the wind power generator 1 as an instantaneous response element P (step S1).
- the change amount calculation unit 13 calculates the change amount dP / dt per unit time of the instantaneous response element P detected by the instantaneous response detection unit 11 (step S2).
- the pattern information selection unit 16 determines to which of the value ranges shown in FIG. 5 the absolute value of the calculated change amount dP / dt belongs, and the value range falls within a predetermined time or more. It is determined whether or not it belongs continuously (step S3).
- the pattern information selection unit 16 selects pattern information corresponding to the value range. Switch. Specifically, the pattern information selection unit 16 selects pattern information corresponding to a value range to which the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt belongs, and refers to the pattern information storage unit 15 to select the selected pattern information. Is applied to the charge / discharge control unit 14 (step S4).
- step S5 determines that the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt does not continuously belong to a certain value range for a predetermined time or longer, the process of step S5 is not performed without performing the process of step S4. Proceed to processing.
- step S5 the charge / discharge control unit 14 is detected by the instantaneous response detection unit 11 under the conditions of the instantaneous response control region set and changed in step S4 or the instantaneous response control region before the processing of step S4 is performed.
- the charging / discharging of the storage battery 4 is controlled according to the fluctuation of the instantaneous response element P (step S5).
- the size of the instantaneous response control region is adaptive according to the amount of change dP / dt per unit time of the instantaneous response element P. Can be changed. Specifically, the instantaneous response control region is reduced when the change amount dP / dt of the instantaneous response element P is small, and the instantaneous response control region is increased when the change amount dP / dt of the instantaneous response element P is large. Is set. For example, as shown in FIG.
- the largest instantaneous response control region is set in the storage battery 4 based on the pattern information C, and the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt. Is smaller than x, the smallest instantaneous response control region is set in the storage battery 4 based on the pattern information A.
- an appropriate instantaneous response control region with less excess or deficiency can be dynamically allocated to the storage battery 4 in accordance with the change amount dP / dt of the instantaneous response element P that varies according to the wind conditions per unit time. it can. Then, the remaining capacity excluding the capacity allocated to the instantaneous response control area among the total capacity of the storage battery 4 can be used as a DC component for systematically supplying stable power to the system 100. Therefore, the maximum DC component can be set in the storage battery 4 depending on the wind conditions. As described above, by making full use of the charging / discharging function of the storage battery 4 (that is, maximizing the actual amount of power charged in the storage battery 4), the system 100 systematically supplies as much stable power as possible according to the wind conditions. Can be supplied to.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the overall configuration of a storage battery installed wind power generation system 10 ′ according to the second embodiment.
- components having the same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 1 have the same functions, and thus redundant description is omitted here.
- the wind power generation system 10 ′ includes a wind power generator 1, a charge / discharge control device 2 ′, an inverter 3, and a storage battery 4. Further, the wind power generation system 10 ′ of the second embodiment is connected to the power company system 100 via the power supply control device 20.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the charge / discharge control device 2 ′ according to the second embodiment.
- the charge / discharge control device 2 ′ according to the second embodiment has an instantaneous response detection unit 11, a first-order lag calculation unit 12, a change amount calculation unit 13, and a charge / discharge control unit 14 ′ as its functional configuration.
- a pattern information storage unit 15 ′ and a pattern information selection unit 16 are provided.
- the primary delay calculation unit 12 performs a primary delay process on the instantaneous response element P of the generated electric energy detected by the instantaneous response detection unit 11, thereby obtaining a primary delay element Q of the electric energy generated by the wind power generator 1.
- the first-order lag calculation unit 12 is configured by a low-pass filter such as a CR integration circuit. By applying the first-order lag processing to the instantaneous response element P, it is possible to obtain an outline representing a rough fluctuation tendency of the power generation amount by removing components that change rapidly.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing specific examples of the instantaneous response element P and the first-order lag element Q. Note that both the instantaneous response element P and the first-order lag element Q are originally discrete values for each sampling time, but for the sake of convenience of explanation, they are shown as waveforms connected with discrete values. As shown in FIG. 9, the instantaneous response element P indicates the actual power generation amount of the wind power generator 1 detected at each sampling time by the instantaneous response detection unit 11, and the power amount changes greatly at each sampling time. ing. On the other hand, the first-order lag element Q is an outline curve that represents a rough variation tendency of the actual power generation amount by the wind power generator 1.
- the charge / discharge control unit 14 ′ controls charging / discharging of the storage battery 4 in accordance with the fluctuation of the instantaneous response element P detected by the instantaneous response detection unit 11, and the primary delay element Q obtained by the primary delay calculation unit 12.
- the charging / discharging of the storage battery 4 is controlled according to the fluctuation.
- the charging / discharging control of the storage battery 4 according to the fluctuation of the instantaneous response element P is performed as follows, for example. That is, the charge / discharge control unit 14 ′ uses the first-order lag element Q obtained by the first-order lag calculation unit 12 as a reference power amount, and calculates a difference of the instantaneous response element P detected by the instantaneous response detection unit 11 from the reference power amount. The charging / discharging of the storage battery 4 is controlled so as to cancel out. Specifically, in FIG.
- the charging / discharging control unit 14 ′ charges the storage battery 4 with the amount of power in which the instantaneous response element P exceeds the primary delay element Q, while the primary delay element Q Also, the amount of power in the portion where the instantaneous response element P is lower is discharged from the storage battery 4.
- the charge / discharge control of the storage battery 4 according to the fluctuation of the primary delay element Q is performed as follows, for example. That is, the charging / discharging control unit 14 ′ uses the target power amount G that is finally desired to be constant as a reference, so that the storage battery 4 cancels the difference from the target power amount G of the primary delay element Q obtained by the primary delay calculation unit 12.
- Controls charging and discharging of FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the charge / discharge control.
- the charging / discharging control unit 14 ′ charges the storage battery 4 with the power amount of the portion where the primary delay element Q exceeds the constant target power amount G, while the primary delay than the target power amount G. The amount of power in the portion where the element Q is lower is discharged from the storage battery 4.
- the first-order lag element Q is calculated from the instantaneous response element P, which is the actual power generation amount of the wind power generator 1, and the difference between the first-order lag element Q and the instantaneous response element P is cancelled. If the charge / discharge of 4 is controlled, the amount of power smoothed by this control (corresponding to the first-order lag element Q) becomes a variation with respect to the constant target power amount G that is the final target. In this case, the fluctuation range of the primary delay element Q with respect to the target power amount G is smaller than the fluctuation range of the instantaneous response element P with respect to the target power amount G. Further, the fluctuation range of the instantaneous response element P with respect to the first-order lag element Q is also smaller than the fluctuation range of the instantaneous response element P with respect to the target power amount G.
- the pattern information storage unit 15 ′ includes an instantaneous response control area that represents the capacity of the storage battery 4 assigned to charge / discharge control (for charge / discharge control shown in FIG. 9) according to the fluctuation of the instantaneous response element P, and a primary response.
- a plurality of types of pattern information relating to the combination with the primary delay control region representing the capacity of the storage battery 4 assigned to charge / discharge control (for charge / discharge control shown in FIG. 10) according to the variation of the delay element Q is stored. .
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a plurality of types of pattern information stored in the pattern information storage unit 15 ′.
- three types of pattern information A, B, and C are shown.
- the capacity allocated as the instantaneous response control area is equivalent to 0.5 MW (megawatts) in terms of electric energy
- the capacity allocated as the primary delay control area is equivalent to 1 MW.
- the capacity allocated as the instantaneous response control area is equivalent to 1 MW
- the capacity allocated as the primary delay control area is equivalent to 2 MW.
- the pattern information C has a capacity allocated as an instantaneous response control area equivalent to 1.5 MW and a capacity allocated as a primary delay control area corresponding to 2.5 MW.
- the storage battery 4 has a capacity capable of storing a maximum amount of power of 30 MW.
- the pattern information selection unit 16 uses a plurality of types of pattern information stored in the pattern information storage unit 15 based on the variation dP / dt per unit time of the instantaneous response element P obtained by the variation calculation unit 13. One of them is selected, and the charge / discharge control region (instantaneous response control region and primary delay control region) of the selected pattern information is applied to the charge / discharge control of the storage battery 4 by the charge / discharge control unit 14.
- the pattern information selection unit 16 includes table information as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an operation example of the charge / discharge control device 2 ′ according to the second embodiment.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 12 is repeatedly performed for every sampling time.
- the pattern information selection unit 16 selects the pattern information A and applies it to the charge / discharge control unit 14 at the start of the flowchart shown in FIG. That is, it is assumed that the charge / discharge control region (instantaneous response control region and primary delay control region) corresponding to the pattern information A is set in the storage battery 4.
- step S14 the pattern information selection unit 16 selects pattern information corresponding to the range of values to which the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt belongs, and refers to the pattern information storage unit 15 to select the selected pattern.
- the charge / discharge control region of information is applied to the charge / discharge control unit 14.
- the primary delay calculation unit 12 obtains a primary delay element Q of the amount of power generated by the wind power generator 1 by performing a primary delay process on the instantaneous response element P detected by the instantaneous response detection unit 11. (Step S15). Furthermore, the charge / discharge control unit 14 ′ detects the instantaneous response detected by the instantaneous response detection unit 11 under the conditions of the charge / discharge control region set or changed in step S14 or the charge / discharge control region before the process of step S14 is performed.
- charging / discharging of the storage battery 4 is controlled according to the fluctuation
- charging / discharging of the storage battery 4 is controlled according to the fluctuation
- the storage battery 4 is divided into control based on the fluctuation of the instantaneous response element P and control based on the fluctuation of the first-order lag element Q. Charging / discharging is controlled.
- the first-order lag element Q is an outline curve representing a rough variation tendency of the instantaneous response element P, and there is a correlation between the first-order lag element Q and the instantaneous response element P.
- the first charge / discharge control is performed based on the difference of the instantaneous response element P with respect to the correlated first-order lag element Q.
- finer charge / discharge control can be performed (see FIG. 9).
- the instantaneous response element P is smoothed in the outline of the primary delay element Q, and the difference of the primary delay element Q with respect to the target power amount G remains as shown in FIG. However, this difference is smoothed to the target power amount G by another charge / discharge control based on the difference.
- the first-order lag element Q is not as large as the instantaneous response element P as in the instantaneous response element P, so charge / discharge control is easy to perform. Thereby, more stable and high-quality electric power can be generated by both the control based on the fluctuation of the instantaneous response element P and the control based on the fluctuation of the primary delay element Q.
- the combination of the instantaneous response control region and the primary delay control region is adapted according to the change amount dP / dt of the instantaneous response element P per unit time. Can be changed. Specifically, the control region is set to be small when the variation dP / dt of the instantaneous response element P is small, and the control region is large when the variation dP / dt of the instantaneous response element P is large. For example, as shown in FIG.
- the largest control region is set in the storage battery 4 based on the pattern information C, and the absolute value of the change amount dP / dt is x
- the smallest control area is set in the storage battery 4 based on the pattern information A.
- an appropriate charge / discharge control region with less excess or deficiency can be dynamically allocated to the storage battery 4 in accordance with the amount of change dP / dt per unit time of the instantaneous response element P that varies according to the wind conditions. it can. Therefore, the maximum DC component can be set in the storage battery 4 depending on the wind conditions.
- the charge / discharge control region is localized so that the stable charge as much as possible can be systematically supplied to the system 100 according to the wind conditions by making full use of the charge / discharge function of the battery 4. Become.
- the first embodiment and the second embodiment depend on the allowable fluctuation rate of the power that is smoothed and supplied to the grid 100 (the ratio of the fluctuation width of the smoothed power to the power corresponding to the total capacity of the storage battery 4). Any one can be selected and applied.
- the charge / discharge control units 14 and 14 ′ smooth the generated power to the target power amount G, but actually, the smoothed power fluctuates by a small amount. Yes.
- the fluctuation range has an allowable range.
- the first embodiment can be applied to a case where the allowable fluctuation rate representing the allowable range is 5% accuracy or more, or a season in which the wind condition change is relatively gradual.
- the second embodiment can be applied to a case where the allowable fluctuation rate is obtained under conditions that are severer than 5% accuracy, or to a season in which the wind condition changes drastically.
- the present invention can be used for a storage battery-equipped wind power generation system and a storage battery charge / discharge control device having a technology for stabilizing output power to a system connected to a wind power generator without being affected by the air volume.
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明の一実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図1は、第1の実施形態による蓄電池併設型の風力発電システム10の全体構成例を示す図である。図1に示すように、第1の実施形態による風力発電システム10は、風力発電機1、充放電制御装置2、インバータ3および蓄電池4を備えて構成されている。また、第1の実施形態による風力発電システム10は、給電制御装置20を介して電力会社の系統100に連系されている。
Claims (7)
- 風力によって駆動され電力系統へ給電するための電力を発生する風力発電機と、上記風力発電機で発電した電力の一部を充放電する蓄電池とを備えた風力発電システムにおける上記蓄電池の充放電制御装置であって、
上記風力発電機で発電した電力量の瞬時値を瞬時応答要素として逐次検出する瞬時応答検出部と、
上記瞬時応答検出部により検出された上記瞬時応答要素の単位時間当たりの変化量を求める変化量算出部と、
上記瞬時応答検出部により検出された上記瞬時応答要素の変動に応じて上記蓄電池の充放電を制御する充放電制御部と、
上記瞬時応答要素の変動に応じた上記蓄電池の充放電の制御用に割り当てる上記蓄電池の容量を表す瞬時応答制御領域に関する複数種類のパターン情報を記憶するパターン情報記憶部と、
上記変化量算出部により求められた上記瞬時応答要素の単位時間当たりの変化量に基づいて、上記パターン情報記憶部に記憶されている複数種類のパターン情報の中から1つを選択して上記充放電制御部による上記蓄電池の充放電の制御に適用させるパターン情報選択部とを備えたことを特徴とする蓄電池併設型の風力発電システムにおける蓄電池の充放電制御装置。 - 上記充放電制御部は、上記瞬時応答検出部により検出された上記瞬時応答要素の目標電力量に対する差分を打ち消すように上記蓄電池の充放電を制御することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の蓄電池併設型の風力発電システムにおける蓄電池の充放電制御装置。
- 上記パターン情報選択部は、上記変化量の値の範囲と上記パターン情報記憶部に記憶されているパターン情報との対応関係を表すテーブル情報を備え、上記変化量検出部により検出された上記瞬時応答要素の単位時間当たりの変化量の絶対値が、ある値の範囲に所定時間以上継続して該当することを検出した場合に、当該範囲に対応付けられているパターン情報に選択を切り替えることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の蓄電池併設型の風力発電システムにおける蓄電池の充放電制御装置。
- 上記瞬時応答検出部により検出された上記瞬時応答要素に対して一次遅れ処理を施すことにより、上記風力発電機で発電した電力量の一次遅れ要素を求める一次遅れ算出部を更に備え、
上記充放電制御部は、上記瞬時応答検出部により検出された上記瞬時応答要素の変動に応じて上記蓄電池の充放電を制御するとともに、上記一次遅れ算出部により求められた上記一次遅れ要素の変動に応じて上記蓄電池の充放電を制御し、
上記パターン情報記憶部は、上記瞬時応答要素の変動に応じた上記蓄電池の充放電の制御用に割り当てる上記蓄電池の容量を表す瞬時応答制御領域と、上記一次遅れ要素の変動に応じた上記蓄電池の充放電の制御用に割り当てる上記蓄電池の容量を表す一次遅れ制御領域との組み合わせに関する複数種類のパターン情報を記憶し、
上記パターン情報選択部は、上記変化量算出部により求められた上記瞬時応答要素の単位時間当たりの変化量に基づいて、上記パターン情報記憶部に記憶されている複数種類のパターン情報の中から1つを選択して上記充放電制御部による上記蓄電池の充放電の制御に適用させることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項に記載の蓄電池併設型の風力発電システムにおける蓄電池の充放電制御装置。 - 上記充放電制御部は、上記一次遅れ算出部により求められた上記一次遅れ要素を基準電力量として、上記瞬時応答検出部により検出された上記瞬時応答要素の上記基準電力量に対する差分を打ち消すように上記蓄電池の充放電を制御するとともに、上記一次遅れ算出部により求められた上記一次遅れ要素の目標電力量に対する差分を打ち消すように上記蓄電池の充放電を制御することを特徴とする請求の範囲第4項に記載の蓄電池併設型の風力発電システムにおける蓄電池の充放電制御装置。
- 上記パターン情報選択部は、上記変化量の値の範囲と上記パターン情報記憶部に記憶されているパターン情報との対応関係を表すテーブル情報を備え、上記変化量検出部により検出された上記瞬時応答要素の単位時間当たりの変化量の絶対値が、ある値の範囲に所定時間以上継続して該当することを検出した場合に、当該範囲に対応付けられているパターン情報に選択を切り替えることを特徴とする請求の範囲第4項または第5項に記載の蓄電池併設型の風力発電システムにおける蓄電池の充放電制御装置。
- 風力によって駆動され電力系統へ給電するための電力を発生する風力発電機と、
上記風力発電機で発電した電力の一部を充放電する蓄電池と、
上記蓄電池の充放電を制御する充放電制御装置とを備え、
上記充放電制御装置は、
上記風力発電機で発電した電力量の瞬時値を瞬時応答要素として逐次検出する瞬時応答検出部と、
上記瞬時応答検出部により検出された上記瞬時応答要素の単位時間当たりの変化量を求める変化量算出部と、
上記瞬時応答検出部により検出された上記瞬時応答要素に応じて上記蓄電池の充放電を制御する充放電制御部と、
上記瞬時応答要素に応じた上記蓄電池の充放電の制御用に割り当てる上記蓄電池の容量を表す瞬時応答制御領域に関する複数種類のパターン情報を記憶するパターン情報記憶部と、
上記変化量算出部により求められた上記瞬時応答要素の単位時間当たりの変化量に基づいて、上記パターン情報記憶部に記憶されている複数種類のパターン情報の中から1つを選択して上記充放電制御部による上記蓄電池の充放電を制御に適用させるパターン情報選択部とを備えたことを特徴とする蓄電池併設型の風力発電システム。
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| HUE08879189A HUE037551T2 (hu) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Szélhajtású akkumulátoros villamosenergia-termelõ rendszer, valamint eszköz akkumulátor töltésének és kisütésének szabályozására |
| PCT/JP2008/073818 WO2010073394A1 (ja) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | 蓄電池併設型の風力発電システムおよび蓄電池の充放電制御装置 |
| AU2008365735A AU2008365735B2 (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Wind-driven electricity generation system of type having storage battery, and device for controlling charge and discharge of storage battery |
| US13/142,179 US8575888B2 (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Wind-driven electricity generation system of type having storage battery and device for controlling charge and discharge of storage battery |
| CA2748352A CA2748352C (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Wind-driven electricity generation system of type having storage battery and device for controlling charge and discharge of storage battery |
| MYPI2011002997A MY169800A (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Wind-driven electricity generation system of type having storage battery and device for controlling charge and discharge of storage battery |
| ES08879189.2T ES2663657T3 (es) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Sistema de generación de electricidad eólica del tipo que tiene un acumulador, y dispositivo para controlar la carga y descarga del acumulador |
| EP08879189.2A EP2381554B1 (en) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | Wind-driven electricity generation system of type having storage battery, and device for controlling charge and discharge of storage battery |
| JP2010543726A JP5377515B2 (ja) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | 蓄電池併設型の風力発電システムおよび蓄電池の充放電制御装置 |
| KR1020117016379A KR101503408B1 (ko) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | 축전지 병설형의 풍력 발전 시스템 및 축전지의 충방전 제어 장치 |
| CN200880132539.5A CN102265477B (zh) | 2008-12-26 | 2008-12-26 | 并设蓄电池式的风力发电系统和蓄电池的充放电控制装置 |
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| JP5383902B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-30 | 2014-01-08 | 三洋電機株式会社 | 電力供給システム、電力供給方法および電力供給システムの制御プログラム |
| US9276425B2 (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2016-03-01 | Younicos Inc. | Power management systems with dynamic target state of charge |
| CN103475014B (zh) * | 2013-08-22 | 2015-04-01 | 国家电网公司 | 基于电池储能的风力发电机电能质量控制器及控制方法 |
| WO2015054878A1 (zh) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-04-23 | 中国电力科学研究院 | 基于变化率控制储能电站平滑风光发电波动的方法及系统 |
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| WO2017159147A1 (ja) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-21 | 日本電気株式会社 | 制御装置、制御方法及びプログラム |
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| AU2008365735A1 (en) | 2011-07-28 |
| JP5377515B2 (ja) | 2013-12-25 |
| EP2381554B1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
| ES2663657T3 (es) | 2018-04-16 |
| JPWO2010073394A1 (ja) | 2012-05-31 |
| EP2381554A4 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
| US8575888B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 |
| CA2748352A1 (en) | 2010-07-01 |
| CN102265477B (zh) | 2014-01-08 |
| KR101503408B1 (ko) | 2015-03-17 |
| US20110260677A1 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
| AU2008365735B2 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
| EP2381554A1 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
| CA2748352C (en) | 2016-06-21 |
| KR20110098952A (ko) | 2011-09-02 |
| MY169800A (en) | 2019-05-16 |
| CN102265477A (zh) | 2011-11-30 |
| HUE037551T2 (hu) | 2018-09-28 |
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