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WO2010071394A1 - Collecteur solaire en plastique pour liquides - Google Patents

Collecteur solaire en plastique pour liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010071394A1
WO2010071394A1 PCT/MX2009/000135 MX2009000135W WO2010071394A1 WO 2010071394 A1 WO2010071394 A1 WO 2010071394A1 MX 2009000135 W MX2009000135 W MX 2009000135W WO 2010071394 A1 WO2010071394 A1 WO 2010071394A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
panel
wet
fluids
solar collector
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/MX2009/000135
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
José Luis MARTINEZ FERNANDEZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2010071394A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010071394A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
    • F24S10/502—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits formed by paired plates and internal partition means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/50—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates
    • F24S10/501—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed between plates having conduits of plastic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
    • F24S80/50—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings
    • F24S80/52—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by the material
    • F24S80/525—Elements for transmitting incoming solar rays and preventing outgoing heat radiation; Transparent coverings characterised by the material made of plastics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems

Definitions

  • the objective of the invention is to use solar energy, to heat water or fluids, in a simpler, light, economic and efficient way, facilitating its manufacture and installation, making this technology more accessible to the less favored population sectors.
  • the most important technical problems to solve when designing a solar collector system are: Define which exchanger system is going to be used, or in what way we will transfer the heat from the sun to the fluid, in the most efficient way possible, taking into account all the factors involved such as the daily solar path, the necessary flow that must circulate through the exchanger, the maximum temperatures to be achieved, the space available to place the systems.
  • the materials to use taking into account if cost, useful life, availability and efficiency. Solve in the most efficient way possible, heat losses, which can be generated by wind or rain or simply by the temperature differential between the system used and the ambient temperature. Give efficient solution to the joints between materials to avoid leaks of the fluid and to work with higher pressures, without causing leaks.
  • glass is a material with a good temperature conduction, and does not efficiently serve as a thermal barrier, which in this case is one of its functions and on the other hand its fragility, so that care must be taken in its manufacture and transport as well as in the place of installation, preventing them from being hit by objects that can break them, they are also used for manufacturing of solar collectors, metallic materials such as the coil itself, of copper or the fins attached to the tubes, which are made of materials that easily conduct heat through which they also easily lose it.
  • the present project was developed, because it was detected that existing systems could be perfected using common materials, easily accessible, making them lighter, facilitating transport, installation, improving efficiency and impact resistance, prolonging the useful life of the equipment.
  • a polycarbonate cellular plastic panel cover which fulfills the function of thermal insulation, since in addition to said material being a bad conductor of heat, it is made of two laminates joined by small perpendicular ribs , forming cells, which helps to retain the temperature inside the panel since the outer laminate is separated from the interior by the cells containing air, fulfilling the function of thermal barrier.
  • This cover panel, as well as the entire collector, must be sealed tightly, to avoid moisture ingress, which with condensation generates heat and, therefore, fogging of the transparent cover, this would prevent the efficient passage of solar radiation and affect The proper functioning of the equipment.
  • a cellular plastic panel is also being used as a heat exchanger, through which the fluid circulates, it carries the face towards the sun of black color and that is placed inside, of an aluminum frame, with thermal protection inside and inside a thermal panel in the rear part to avoid losses, the clear foam panel functions as thermal crowbar outward, separating the inside of the panel, between the two laminates' plastic, wherein the heating chamber is formed of wind currents or rain from outside.
  • the heating chamber is formed of wind currents or rain from outside.
  • the components used in the present invention are made of poly-carbonate or pet cellular laminated plastic due to the mechanical properties of these materials, such as for example the resistance to degradation and yellowing, important for the useful life of the collector and therefore They are low maintenance, also have high impact resistance.
  • many manufacturers use the glass, because of its transparency and resistance to yellowing, but due to their fragility, they use them tempered to increase their resistance, but this makes them expensive anyway, they are at latent risk of breaking since they are usually installed on roofs and roofs . .
  • Figure N 0 1.- exploded view of the collector where it is seen that it consists of:
  • Figure N 0 Detail of the coupling between the exchange panel and the fluid inlet and outlet tubes.
  • the present invention consists of a system for heating fluids using solar energy, based on a simple, efficient design, easy to manufacture as well as transport and install, made with common and economical materials, facilitating access to this technology, to sectors of The less favored population, thinking of satisfying the savings needs in the consumption of fuels used to heat the water that are increasing its price day by day.
  • This invention was designed primarily for domestic use, although it can also be used in industrial systems or for heating pools in sports clubs or private use, taking advantage of solar energy, which until now, is free.
  • This technology has had a relatively high cost, using the best known systems today such as vacuum glass tubes or copper tube coils, which are fragile and high-cost systems, far from the purchasing power of a large sector of the population of developing countries.
  • FIG 1 the exploded view of the collector formed by a first dry cover panel (1), separated from a second wet panel (2) that works is shown as an exchanger, with fluid inlet and outlet tubes. (6) and (7). Between the two plastic panels, although it is not visible in this figure, a heat chamber (3) is formed. On the rear part there is a panel of thermal material (4) to avoid loss of temperature, all these panels, framed by an aluminum channel (5) with thermal protection, assembling the solar collector in a single unit.
  • the dry cover panel (1) is made of transparent cellular plastic material, formed by a first dry sheet (1a) facing outwards, separated from a second dry sheet (1b) facing inwards, joined by dry ribs (1c) perpendicular, of ta! so that dry channels or dry cells (1d) of air are generated between said sheets, functioning as thermal insulator.
  • This dry panel is placed with the cells in a transverse position to structure in this direction and has the function of letting solar radiation pass to the black panel, where heat is generated, and preventing it from being lost by wind or rain.
  • This wet panel (2) is also made of cellular plastic material, and can be made of black or painted material, this is formed by a first wet sheet (2a) separated from a second wet sheet (2b) joined by wet ribs (2c ), in such a way that channels or wet cells (2d) are generated.
  • This wet panel is placed with the cells in longitudinal position and a fluid is circulated between the sheets (2a and 2b) and through the cells (2d), functioning as a heat exchanger, since the fluid circulating through its inside has a lower temperature, than that of the black panel exposed to the sun, so that the fluid circulating through them absorbs the temperature of the panel achieving a differential between the temperature of the fluid inlet and outlet.
  • the wet panel (2) is fed from the fluid by two tubes, one inlet (6) and one outlet (7) at the ends, placed transversely to the flow of the liquid through the wet cells, these tubes, can be of plastic or metallic material, each of said tubes is made a groove (6a, 7a) longitudinally in its central part with a length and thickness that coincides with that of the plastic panel so that it is inserted into the tube.
  • a seal (8) is formed, this can be made of different materials such as silicones, resins or glues, but considering that They must tolerate the working temperatures that can exceed 90 0 C.
  • the seal (8) is preferably made inside the inlet tubes (6) and the outlet tube (7), since the pressure generated by the fluid inside, keeps the seal (8) pressed against the wall internal of the tubes, against the joint groove and the material of the plastic panel, so that a better sealing is ensured; in the event that this seal (8) is placed on the outer side of the tube, the pressure generated by the fluid inside, would force the sealant material to detach from the surface of the tube or panel (2) more easily creating leaks of fluid
  • FIG 3 in assembly between said wet panel (2) and the outlet tube (7) It is exactly the same, but at the opposite end of the panel.
  • the wet panel (2) has a "V" shaped cut at its ends, these form bevels in the wet channels (2d) that
  • a heat chamber (3) is formed between the dry panel (1) and the second wet black panel (2).
  • the heat is generated, when the solar radiation affects, on the black surface of the wet panel, being trapped inside by the thermal barrier that forms the dry panel and the frame (5) having exit only by means of the fluid circulating inside the wet panel (2).
  • the solar radiation crosses the transparent transparent plastic panel (1) and affects the surface of the wet plastic panel (2) of black color where the heat that is trapped inside the chamber is generated of heat (3) since the plastic panel of the transparent cover, acts as a thermal barrier, preventing heat from escaping, giving it the main output of said heat, by means of the fluid that circulates inside the wet panel (2 ) by heating said fluid to temperatures that can exceed 90 ° c.
  • This wet panel (2) must be black, because it is the color that best transforms the energy of sunlight or solar radiation, into heat energy as it does not reflect it, it absorbs and retains it, generating a higher temperature than other colors, as can be seen with its extreme counterpart, the white color, these absorb light and reflect heat, therefore, they practically do not generate heat on its surface .
  • thermal plate (4) In the rear part of the collector carries a thermal plate (4).
  • This thermal plate, (4) can vary in its thickness because there are different materials that are more or less efficient, as well as different costs, but they all perform the function of thermal barrier, and it is placed to reduce temperature losses by
  • the rear part of the panel, by the part that faces the outside of this thermal plate, must be protected from the weather, being able to be with stainless steel sheet, galvanized or aluminum sheet, of some plastic panel or covering the surface exposed to Ia weathering with tarpaulin, simply for protection from degradation and damage caused by tears or bumps during storage, transport or installation.
  • the collector To assemble the collector, it is made with a four-sided aluminum frame in the form of a channel, to which a thermal protection layer is placed inside, where the transparent panel (1) is fixed and sealed in the upper part of the frame, in the central part of this, carries the wet black panel (2) and to the stringers holes are drilled from the aluminum frame so that the feed and outlet pipes (6 and 7) pass through, taking into account that the plastic material of the wet panel (2) has an important expansion and contraction with temperature changes On the one hand, the hole should be left elongated about 7 mm.
  • the collector is armed and closed forming a unit.
  • these collectors should be placed inclined with the front towards the path or daily path of the sun, taking into account that there are no objects such as constructions or trees that obstruct and generate shade on the collector (s) during the hours of solar incidence
  • the fluid must be fed through the tube (6) and the fluid outlet through the tube (7) on the opposite side of the feed, and with a slightly higher inclination towards the end of the outlet, this guarantees that the fluid, completely fill the wet channels (2d) and the inlet and outlet tubes (6 and 7) in this way, the fluid will be in contact on the entire surface of the cells (2d) and can efficiently absorb the heat generated in The wet panel plate (2a).
  • thermo-tanks can be installed with a thermo-tank in the upper part of the collector and by means of the principle of (THERMOSIFON) circulating the heated fluid inside the wet panel (2) towards the thermo-tank and taking the fluid at a lower temperature of the same, heating the fluid inside the thermo-tank without using any forced system as it would be with an electric pump, in this way the fluid heated during the hours of solar incidence, can be used during the hours where there is none, recovering temperature again when it exists again.
  • the thermo-tank can also be placed in any location, forcing the circulation of the fluid by means of a controlled electric pump with a thermostat device that orders the ignition to a determined temperature, as well as interrupt its operation when the temperature decreases, this system is also used for operation in swimming pools.
  • the present invention has elements that allow more effective use of solar incidence, this is achieved by the first panel (1) which is made of transparent cellular plastic material such as polycarbonate or pet, where the first dry sheet (1a) allows the passage of light through the first cells (1d), the second dry sheet (1b) and even the first dry ribs (1c), towards the exchanger panel (2), in which, at least its first wet sheet (2a) must be painted in matt black or preferably constructed entirely of material in black or matt black.
  • the dried ribs (1c) of the first panel (1) are inefficient heat conductors, since being of clear plastic material they do not absorb heat considerably, so the heat is retained in the sealed chamber (3) this increases the temperature of the second dry sheet (1b) of the first panel, but it is not sufficiently conducted or irradiated towards the first dry sheet (1a) of the same first panel (1), and the outside, so that temperature loss is largely avoided and a very good efficiency of this type of collector is achieved.
  • the main advantages of this design is its great efficiency, because although the plastic material does not have good thermal conductivity, it has a high rate of heat absorption, in this system, the total surface area of the panel, since each square centimeter of the panel (2) that is exposed to solar radiation, is in contact with the fluid inside and the thickness of the panel wall, for the exchange is only a fraction of a millimeter. Therefore, it is carried out in a homogeneous, fast and efficient way.
  • the finished collectors are easy to transport and their installation is simplified in high places, such as roofs and sloping slabs, in addition to being plastic panels, they resist without problem the hail blows, or small tree branches or stones and also allows to be easily manipulated during transport without risk of breaking.
  • the materials necessary for its manufacture are easy to obtain and assemble, these collectors can be interconnected in parallel or in series by means of union nuts or any known means and thus achieve large catchment surfaces for larger projects.
  • the useful life of these collectors can be greater than 10 years, since the plastic panel is guaranteed by the manufacturer, of course, that this depends on the type of fluid that circulates inside, which can be water and heat it directly or by means of a fluid, such as antifreeze, which if circulated through an exchanger, can heat the water, thus preventing possible damage due to blockage by tartar of the cells or rupture in case of frost and freezing.
  • a fluid such as antifreeze
  • This test indicates that the basic principle of the system, forming a heat chamber with a cellular plastic panel as a cover, a thermal panel as a backrest and a black plastic laminate inside, all framed by an aluminum profile in Channel form with thermal protection, it is a system where high temperatures can be achieved and can be used to heat fluids, with great efficiency, achieving a very simple system, easy to manufacture and with a cost well below existing systems.
  • This test was performed in the city of León Guanajuato Mexico at an ambient temperature of 30 ° c. With weak winds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un collecteur solaire plat faisant intervenir un panneau de plastique cellulaire de couleur noire comme échangeur de chaleur, un panneau de plastique cellulaire transparent comme couverture thermique protectrice et un panneau de matériau thermique dans sa partie postérieure, l'ensemble étant confiné dans un cadre formant canal en aluminium. Ce système permet d'obtenir des équipement faciles à fabriquer du fait de la simplicité des matériaux utilisés. Sa légèreté facilite son transport et son installation dans des zones difficiles d'accès telles que toits et toitures-terrasses. De plus, l'utilisation de matériaux plastiques lui confère une haute résistance aux impacts de grêle, de pierres ou de branches, d'où une vie utile prolongée de l'équipement. Par ailleurs, ces équipements présentent une haute efficacité et permettent d'obtenir rapidement de hautes températures dans le liquide. Compte tenu des coûts relativement faibles des matériaux et des procédés de fabrication, lesdits équipements peuvent être commercialisés à des prix nettement inférieurs à ceux des systèmes existants, restant ainsi économiquement accessibles pour une tranche plus large de la population et permettant en outre de réduire considérablement la consommation d'autres sources d'énergie destinées au chauffage de l'eau, lesquelles présentent un coût toujours plus élevé et contribuent au réchauffement global de la planète du fait de l'émission de gaz nocifs dans l'atmosphère pendant leur combustion.
PCT/MX2009/000135 2008-12-16 2009-12-14 Collecteur solaire en plastique pour liquides Ceased WO2010071394A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
MX2008000409 2008-12-16
MXMX/U/2008/000409 2008-12-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010071394A1 true WO2010071394A1 (fr) 2010-06-24

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ID=42268946

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/MX2009/000135 Ceased WO2010071394A1 (fr) 2008-12-16 2009-12-14 Collecteur solaire en plastique pour liquides

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WO (1) WO2010071394A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012142632A1 (fr) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-26 Inova Lisec Technologiezentrum Gmbh Capteur solaire

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4063547A (en) * 1975-12-16 1977-12-20 Henry Gruettner Solar heater
US4279243A (en) * 1977-11-14 1981-07-21 Deakin David A Solar collector panel
US5657745A (en) * 1996-01-16 1997-08-19 Damminger; Rudolf K. Solar heat collecting panel
US20080236572A1 (en) * 2007-03-26 2008-10-02 Guenter Schaefer Solar heating panel fabricated from multi-wall plastic sheets
US20090095282A1 (en) * 2007-10-12 2009-04-16 Neal Cramer Solar panel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4063547A (en) * 1975-12-16 1977-12-20 Henry Gruettner Solar heater
US4279243A (en) * 1977-11-14 1981-07-21 Deakin David A Solar collector panel
US5657745A (en) * 1996-01-16 1997-08-19 Damminger; Rudolf K. Solar heat collecting panel
US20080236572A1 (en) * 2007-03-26 2008-10-02 Guenter Schaefer Solar heating panel fabricated from multi-wall plastic sheets
US20090095282A1 (en) * 2007-10-12 2009-04-16 Neal Cramer Solar panel

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012142632A1 (fr) * 2011-04-18 2012-10-26 Inova Lisec Technologiezentrum Gmbh Capteur solaire

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