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WO2010060342A1 - 具有微孔管阵列的热管及其加工工艺及换热系统 - Google Patents

具有微孔管阵列的热管及其加工工艺及换热系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010060342A1
WO2010060342A1 PCT/CN2009/074775 CN2009074775W WO2010060342A1 WO 2010060342 A1 WO2010060342 A1 WO 2010060342A1 CN 2009074775 W CN2009074775 W CN 2009074775W WO 2010060342 A1 WO2010060342 A1 WO 2010060342A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
heat pipe
microporous
microporous tube
conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2009/074775
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵耀华
张楷荣
刁彦华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CNA2008102256498A external-priority patent/CN101403578A/zh
Priority claimed from CN200810225726XA external-priority patent/CN101430141B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2009100789030A external-priority patent/CN101493296B/zh
Priority claimed from CNA2009100794113A external-priority patent/CN101504198A/zh
Priority claimed from CN2009100801780A external-priority patent/CN101515572B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2009100801795A external-priority patent/CN101510533B/zh
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2009/072362 external-priority patent/WO2010060302A1/zh
Priority to EP09828602.4A priority Critical patent/EP2357440B1/en
Priority to ES09828602.4T priority patent/ES2578291T3/es
Priority to US13/127,444 priority patent/US11022380B2/en
Priority to JP2011533524A priority patent/JP2012507680A/ja
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2010060342A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010060342A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US17/246,597 priority patent/US11852421B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/26—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass heat exchangers or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/90—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation
    • F24S10/95—Solar heat collectors using working fluids using internal thermosiphonic circulation having evaporator sections and condenser sections, e.g. heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes the conduits having a particular shape, e.g. non-circular cross-section, annular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0283—Means for filling or sealing heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
    • H10W40/73—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P2700/00—Indexing scheme relating to the articles being treated, e.g. manufactured, repaired, assembled, connected or other operations covered in the subgroups
    • B23P2700/09—Heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2260/00—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures
    • F28F2260/02—Heat exchangers or heat exchange elements having special size, e.g. microstructures having microchannels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49353—Heat pipe device making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of heat exchange technology, in particular to a novel heat pipe with a microporous tube array for phase change heat and a processing method thereof, and a novel heat exchange system using the novel heat pipe.
  • phase change heat technology Compared with natural convection and forced convection heat transfer, heat transfer efficiency using phase change heat technology has been widely used in the industry due to the high heat transfer efficiency of phase change heat.
  • the most typical one is the heat pipe heat exchanger technology.
  • the main heat transfer mode of the heat pipe is evaporation and condensation, which has the characteristics of large heat transfer capacity, strong temperature control capability and high heat transfer efficiency.
  • the heat transfer efficiency of the oscillating heat pipe is high, the heat transfer element needs to have a vibration temperature difference, and the application range is greatly limited; the manufacturing process of the ordinary capillary heat pipe, such as the preparation of the capillary core material and the maintenance process are very complicated, Therefore, the application of the heat pipe is greatly limited; and the ordinary heat pipe adopts a circular pipe having a certain diameter, and the contact area with the element to be cooled is small, resulting in a large equivalent thermal resistance.
  • the heat pipes are arranged side by side, the metal heat transfer plates are externally attached, or the side-by-side structure is formed by welding between the pipes and the pipes to form a planar surface, but
  • the plate-shaped heat pipe of the metal heat transfer plate has a large heat resistance due to an air cavity between the pipe and the pipe, so that the heat dissipation efficiency is low, and the internal pressure bearing capacity is poor, and the shape is easy to change.
  • the process of sealing the end of the heat pipe arranged side by side is usually The heat pipe end cap is sealed or the heat pipe is put into the sleeve, the sleeve mouth is welded to the cap or the end melt is integrally brazed into one body, the process is very complicated, and the sealing property and the reliability are low.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a micro-applied surface, a small heat resistance, a high heat dissipation efficiency, and a high pressure bearing capability.
  • a new type of heat pipe for the array of orifice tubes. The invention also provides a processing technology of the novel heat pipe and a novel heat exchange system using the same.
  • a novel heat pipe having a microporous tube array comprising: a solid heat conductor having two or more microporous tubes arranged in parallel in the heat conducting body, the microporous tube being filled The working medium which acts to change the heat, the two ends of the heat conductor are sealed and at least one end has a gradual shrinking sealing tape formed by cold welding.
  • At least one longitudinal section of each microporous tube is gradually tapered to a length along the longitudinal direction of the microporous tube at the outer edge of the sealing strip Point, the outer side is two arcuate sides that are relatively concave.
  • At least one longitudinal section of each microporous tube is gradually tapered to a point along the longitudinal direction of the microporous tube at the inner side of the sealing strip, and the inner side is a relatively concave two curved sides.
  • the heat conductor has a crimped reinforced weld formed by soldering or high frequency welding at the end of the sealing strip.
  • the heat conductor is provided with a protective cover outside the end of the sealing tape.
  • the microporous tube is arranged in parallel along the surface of the heat conductor that is in close contact with the element by the cooling surface.
  • the heat conductor is a strip or a plate-like body, and the parallel-arranged microporous tubes are parallel to a surface having a wide lateral width of the strip or the plate-like body.
  • the aspect ratio of the channel cross section of the microporous tube is set to be between 1.5, and the smallest tube wall and each micro hole of the novel heat pipe
  • the ratio of the equivalent diameter of the tube is greater than or equal to 0.2.
  • the ratio of the extension length of the sealing tape to the total thickness of the heat conductor is between 0.75 and 1.5; when the total thickness of the heat conductor is between 3 mm and 5 mm, The ratio of the extension length of the sealing tape to the total thickness of the thermal conductor is between 0.6 and 1.5; when the total thickness of the thermal conductor is greater than 5 mm, the ratio of the extension length of the sealing tape to the total thickness of the thermal conductor is 0.5 to Between 1.5.
  • microporous tubes are arranged in two or more layers.
  • the microporous tube has an equivalent diameter or a hydraulic diameter of between 0.1 mm and 8 mm, and a distance between at least two or more adjacent two microporous tubes is between 0.1 mm and 1.0 mm.
  • the heat conducting body has one or more solid strips in a direction parallel to the length of the microporous tube, and the solid strip is provided with mounting fixing holes.
  • Each of the microporous tubes is an independent heat pipe structure.
  • each microporous tube is open in the heat conducting body, that is, each microporous tube communicates with each other at the end, but the end of the heat conductor is closed, and the other end of each microporous tube is closed, and each microporous tube is a semi-independent heat pipe structure.
  • each of the microporous tubes is polygonal or circular or elliptical, and the apex angle of the polygon is a smooth rounded corner.
  • the inner wall of the channel of each microporous tube is provided with micro fins for enhancing heat transfer or concave micro-grooves extending along the longitudinal direction of the microporous tube, and the size and structure of the micro fins are suitable for micro-foil
  • the inner wall of the orifice tube forms a capillary microgroove extending along the longitudinal direction of the microporous tube, and the apex angle formed by the micro fin and the inner wall of the microporous tube and the apex angle formed by the inner concave micro groove and the inner wall of the microporous tube are smooth Rounded corners.
  • a novel heat exchange system employing a novel heat pipe having a microporous tube array as described above.
  • the evaporation surface of the new heat pipe is in contact with the component by the cooling surface, and the other part of the new heat pipe is a condensation surface.
  • One end of the new heat pipe is located in the heat source and absorbs heat to evaporate; the other end is cooled by air or liquid, and the steam inside the heat pipe is condensed and released.
  • the novel heat exchange system is used as a heat collector of a solar water heater.
  • One end of each microporous tube absorbs solar radiation energy to evaporate, and the other end condenses and releases heat to a heat exchanger to prepare hot water.
  • the condensation surface of the new heat pipe and the heat exchanger The direct contact of the water or the condensation surface of the new heat pipe is directly in contact with the outer surface of the heat transfer inner jacket of the heat collecting tank as a heat exchanger.
  • the novel heat exchange system is used as a heat dissipation or cogeneration system of a solar photovoltaic power generation panel, and the evaporation surface of the new heat pipe contacts the back plate of the solar photovoltaic power generation panel to absorb heat of the solar photovoltaic power generation panel and evaporate The condensation surface of the new heat pipe condenses and releases heat in the heat exchanger to prepare hot water.
  • a processing method for a novel heat pipe as described above characterized in that it comprises the following steps.
  • the end of the other end of the heat conductor is sealed by a cold welding process, and the end of the heat conductor is deformed by a blade to deform and seal and cut.
  • the processing technology of the above-mentioned new heat pipe is characterized in that the process of sealing the end of one end of the heat conductor described in step B is to seal the package by a cold welding process, and the cold welding process is to press the end of the heat conductor through the knife edge The head deforms and seals and cuts.
  • the processing technology of the above-mentioned new heat pipe is characterized in that the process of sealing the end of one end of the heat conductor described in step B is to flatten and curl the end of the heat conductor, and then seal by soldering or high-frequency welding. Reinforce or seal the sleeve on the end sleeve.
  • step D The processing technology of the above novel heat pipe is characterized in that, after performing step D, the following steps are also performed:
  • the heat conductor is a metal or alloy material, and the metal or alloy material is heated to a softening temperature and then injected into an extrusion die or pressed by a stamping die having two or two parallel rows. More than one columnar punch, the heat conductor is pressed or stamped and then cooled to normal temperature.
  • the heat conductor is a strip or a plate-like body, and the parallel-arranged microporous tubes are parallel to a surface having a wide lateral width of the strip or the plate-like body.
  • a plurality of micro-pits or outer fins are disposed on the inner wall of the micro-porous tube, and the inner wall of the micro-porous tube is provided with an enhanced heat transfer effect by extrusion or stamping.
  • a number of micro fins or concave capillary channels are provided in the extrusion die or the cylindrical punch in the stamping die.
  • the technical effects of the present invention are as follows:
  • the invention provides a novel heat pipe with a microporous tube array, comprising a heat conductor having a microporous tube arranged in parallel, the heat conductor is sealed and filled with a working medium which functions as a phase change heat, that is, a microporous tube internal irrigation
  • a working medium which functions as a phase change heat, that is, a microporous tube internal irrigation
  • the micro-heat pipe is formed by the working medium, and the heat is transferred by the phase change heat, and the heat pipe effect is naturally formed.
  • the micro-porous pipe arranged in parallel can also be understood as a micro-porous pipe group structure composed of a group of micro-porous tube bundles.
  • the microporous tube can form one or more micro heat pipes.
  • the tube is a cavity structure formed inside the heat conductor, and is not welded or externally added with a metal heat transfer plate. Therefore, the heat transfer body is used as a reinforcing rib between the microporous tube and the microporous tube, and there is no air cavity between the tube and the tube.
  • the air cavity causes a large thermal resistance, the heat dissipation efficiency is low, and the internal pressure bearing capacity is poor, the deformation is easy, and the welding work efficiency is low.
  • the heat conductor makes the new heat pipe heat dissipation effect.
  • the both ends of the heat conductor are sealed and at least one end has a gradual shrinkage sealing tape formed by cold welding, which is a unique structure formed by using a cold welding process to prepare the new heat pipe, and the conventional end sealing process usually uses heat welding.
  • the process is characterized in that the heat pipe end is capped or the heat pipe is put into the sleeve, the sleeve mouth is welded or the end is melted and integrally brazed, and the process is very complicated.
  • the invention adopts a unique end seal cold welding process.
  • the package can be closed at once to form a unique new heat pipe with a tapered shrink band.
  • the tightness and oxidation resistance of the end seal of the novel heat pipe of the present invention can be enhanced by providing a reinforced weld and a protective cover.
  • the novel heat pipe of the present invention has the efficiency of heat absorption of the plate surface and the high-efficiency heat transport of the internal micro-heat pipe compared with the prior art plate-shaped heat pipe, eliminating the ordinary
  • the heat pipe and the oscillating heat pipe and the component are short in contact area by the cooling surface, and the equivalent thermal resistance is large, and overcome the shortcoming of the oscillating heat pipe, and the preparation of the capillary core material is eliminated.
  • Maintenance and other complicated processes have overcome the problem that the traditional flat-type heat pipe structure adopts a single heat pipe structure, which causes internal pressure bearing capacity, reliability, local maximum heat transfer density, and maximum heat transfer capacity to be greatly limited.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, reliable work and high heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the microporous tube is arranged in parallel along the surface of the heat conductor which is closely adhered to the cooling surface of the component, and the heat conductor forms a heat exchange surface with the surface of the component which is closely adhered by the cooling surface, so that when the component is cooled, the surface is a curved surface.
  • the heat conductor can also be in surface contact with the largest area of the element being cooled, and the contact surface forms a heat exchange surface, so that the equivalent thermal resistance is very small, and there is a layered arrangement near the heat exchange surface.
  • the microporous tube improves the heat exchange efficiency.
  • the ratio of the ratio between the total thickness and the extension length of the sealing tape of the heat conductor is set to be in a different range of values, so that the sealing portion can have sufficient strength to make the micropores
  • the pressure inside the tube can be greater than 2.0 MPa to meet the pressure that different liquid working fluids in the microporous tube can withstand at various working temperatures, and to adapt to the working needs of the heat pipe under various conditions.
  • the microporous tube is a microporous tube arranged in a multi-layered layer in the heat conducting body, so that the heat pipe and the heat exchange object are in limited connection Under the contact area, the heat transfer is sequentially performed between the microporous tubes of each layer, that is, the evaporation section of the microporous tube of the first layer in contact with the heat exchange object is thermally conducted to the microporous tube of the second layer to form an evaporation section, if There is also a third layer of microporous tube, the second layer will transfer heat to the third layer, and finally heat to all layers, the evaporation sections of each layer are evaporated and flowed to the condensation section of the respective microporous tube, and the condensation section is placed.
  • the heat exchange density does not need to reduce the distance between the microporous tubes arranged side by side in the heat pipe and the diameter of the microporous tube itself.
  • the multi-layered arrangement of the microporous tube structure further improves the strength and reliability of the heat pipe. Sex.
  • each microporous tube is closed at both ends, so that each microporous tube is an independent heat pipe structure, which is more conducive to the overall reliability of the heat pipe, and if a microporous tube is damaged, such as leakage, it will not affect other micropores. Tube work. For each microporous tube, one end is connected to each other and the other end is closed, and each microporous tube forms a semi-independent heat pipe, which does not need to close the end of the microporous tube, thereby reducing the vacuum degree requirement of the heat pipe.
  • micro fins with enhanced heat transfer function are provided, which can further enhance the phase change heat capacity of the working fluid, and if the distance between the micro fins is appropriate, a capillary core structure is formed, and The specific surface area is greatly increased, so that the new heat pipe has higher heat exchange efficiency.
  • the size and structure of the micro fins are suitable for forming capillary microgrooves along the inner length of the microporous tube along the length of the microporous tube to further improve the apparent heat flux density of the new heat pipe and the bidirectional heat transfer characteristics of the heat pipe.
  • the microporous tube in the processing process of the novel heat pipe according to the present invention is an integrated structure formed by extrusion or stamping, and the heat conductor is integrally extruded or stamped into two or more microporous tubes arranged side by side, micro The air is discharged from the hole tube and filled with liquid working medium to form a micro heat pipe, which naturally forms a heat pipe effect. Because of extrusion or stamping, the process is simple, and the process of preparing and maintaining the existing heat pipe such as capillary core material is omitted, and Because it is integrally formed, it is not necessary to use a brazing process to form a unitary structure by integral brazing in a brazing furnace.
  • the wall of the aluminum heat pipe round pipe specified by the national standard (GB9082.1-88) should be larger than 1.0mm, and the new heat pipe of the present application can mutually strengthen the strength of each microporous pipe because the microporous pipes support each other.
  • the wall of the new heat pipe can be reduced to about 0.2-0.4mm.
  • the end sealing of the application adopts a cold welding process, and the end of the thermal conductor can be extruded through a knife edge to deform and seal and cut, so that the end forming a gradual shrinking sealing tape can close the package at one time, and the process is simple and sealed. Good sex, no leakage, enhanced safety and reliability.
  • the processing technology of the novel heat pipe of the invention is beneficial to industrial production, and the heat conductor can be batch placed on the production line, extruded by the extrusion die or stamped by the stamping die and then enters the following procedure, which is beneficial to the mass production of the new heat pipe and at the same time
  • the production efficiency of the new heat pipe DRAWINGS
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional structural view of a novel heat pipe of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a novel heat pipe according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a novel heat pipe according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a novel heat pipe according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the novel heat pipe of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fifth embodiment of a novel heat pipe according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a sixth embodiment of a novel heat pipe according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a seventh embodiment of a novel heat pipe according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an eighth embodiment of a novel heat pipe according to the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a solar heat collector according to an embodiment of the novel heat pipe of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing a preferred process of the processing process of the novel heat pipe of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a process flow diagram of a heat seal end seal of a new heat pipe processing process of the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a novel heat pipe according to the present invention, comprising a solid heat conductor 1 which may be made of a metal or alloy material.
  • the heat conductor 1 in this embodiment is a plate-shaped body.
  • the heat conductor 1 has two or more microporous tubes 2 arranged in parallel, and the microporous tubes 2 arranged in parallel are parallel to the surface having a wide lateral width of the plate body, and the channel cross-sectional shape of the microporous tube 2 is
  • the circular, microporous tube 2 is sealed in the heat conductor 1 and filled with a liquid working medium in the microporous tube 2 to form a micro heat pipe, which transfers heat by phase change heat, naturally forming a heat pipe effect, in this embodiment
  • the new heat pipe is a through-hole array flat plate structure in which two or more side-by-side arrays of metal materials are extruded or stamped.
  • the equivalent diameter or hydraulic diameter of the microporous tube 2 can be selected between 0.1 mm and 8 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 5 mm, adjacent to the two microporous tubes.
  • the distance between the two is between 0.1mm and 1.0mm, and the aspect ratio of the channel cross section of the microporous tube is preferably set to 1.5, and the ratio of the minimum wall of the new heat pipe to the equivalent diameter of each microporous tube is large.
  • both ends of the heat conductor 1 are sealed and both ends have a gradual shrinking sealing strip formed by cold welding, and both ends of each microporous tube 2 are closed and at least one longitudinal section of each microporous tube 2 is
  • the outer side and the inner side of the sealing strip are gradually tapered along the length of the tube of the microporous tube 2, and the outer side and the inner measuring side are two concave sides which are relatively concave, as shown in FIG.
  • the heat conductor 1 has solder or high frequency welding or other welding at the end of the sealing tape
  • the crimped reinforced weld bead 9 is formed by the method of reinforcement, and the outer portion of the reinforced weld bead 9 is provided with a protective cover. Assume that the ratio of the extension length of the tape with the gradual shrinkage to the total thickness of the heat conductor is ⁇ .
  • the relationship between the total thickness of the heat conductor and the extension length of the sealing tape is such that the pressure inside the microporous tube can be greater than 2.0 MPa, so as to meet the different working fluids in the microporous tube at various working temperatures. Pressure, adapt to the needs of the heat pipe in various situations.
  • the extension length of the sealing tape may be set to 2.5 mm or 3 mm, and when the total thickness of the heat conductor is 4 mm, the extension length of the sealing tape may be set to 2.8 mm. Or 3mm, etc.
  • Each of the microporous tubes 2 may form an independent heat pipe structure or a semi-independent heat pipe structure.
  • each microporous tube 2 is an independent heat pipe structure, which constitutes a micro heat pipe array, and each microporous tube 2 is not connected to each other, and can work independently, which is more advantageous for the whole heat pipe. Reliability and safe maintenance, in the event of damage to a microporous tube, such as air leakage, will not affect the operation of other microporous tubes.
  • the opening manner may be that a hollow sleeve is sleeved on the end of the heat conductor 1, so that the end of the heat conductor 1 is closed.
  • the microporous tubes 2 are connected to each other at the end, that is, the microporous tubes 2 are semi-independent heat pipe structures, and the semi-independent heat pipe structure integrally constitutes the microporous tube array heat pipes. Since the ends of the microporous tubes 2 are open, it is not necessary to close the micropores.
  • each microporous tube is open in the heat conductor and the heat conductor at the end is closed.
  • the welding process is required in the production, such as using argon arc welding, high Welding process such as frequency welding or brazing, and each microporous tube is a semi-independent heat pipe, and the microporous tubes are connected to each other at the end, which is a single heat pipe structure, and once a microporous tube is damaged, it will be affected.
  • the operation of other microporous tubes causes the overall failure of the heat pipes, so the reliability will be somewhat reduced.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a novel heat pipe according to the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 in that each circular microporous tube 2 of the embodiment is surrounded by The inner wall is provided with a plurality of micro fins 3 made of a heat conductive material, and the distance between the micro fins 3 adjacent to the longitudinal direction of the novel heat pipe of the present invention is suitable to form a capillary core, and further, along the length direction of the novel heat pipe of the present invention.
  • Arrangement of adjacent micro fins 3 forms capillary microgrooves, micro fins, capillary cores, and capillary microgrooves (also understood as microporous tube groups or microgroove group structures composed of groups of microporous tube bundles) It can strengthen the heat exchange capacity of the heat pipe.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the microporous tube 2 is rectangular, and the cross section of the microporous tube may also be other polygonal shapes (such as triangles and squares). Etc.), elliptical or any other geometric shape that does not form a stress concentration, wherein the apex angle of the polygon should be a smooth rounded corner with a certain curvature, as shown in Figure 4, the apex of the rectangle is smooth and has a certain Fillet 13 of curvature.
  • the microporous tube 2 may have an equivalent diameter or a hydraulic diameter of 0.1 mm to 3.5 mm, and each of the upper and lower opposite inner walls of the rectangular microporous tube 2 is provided with a plurality of micro fins 3 made of a heat conductive material.
  • a concave capillary microgroove extending along the length of the microporous tube 2, along the length of the novel heat pipe of the present invention
  • a capillary core is formed between the adjacent micro fins 3 in the degree direction, and further, the arrangement of the micro fins 3 adjacent to the longitudinal direction of the novel heat pipe of the present invention forms a capillary microgroove, the micro fin 3 and the microporous tube 2
  • the apex angle formed by the inner wall and the apex angle formed by the inner concave micro-groove and the inner wall of the microporous tube are smooth rounded corners with a certain curvature to avoid stress concentration, such as the micro fins 3 and micro in FIG.
  • the apex angle formed by the inner wall of the orifice tube 2 is a smooth rounded corner 13 having a certain curvature.
  • the micro fins 3 may be provided on the upper and lower opposing inner walls of the microporous tube 2, or may be provided only on one side or any two sides or three sides or four sides of the inner wall of the microporous tube 2.
  • the structural schematic view of the fourth embodiment of the novel heat pipe of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 is different from the third embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in that the four corners of the heat conductor 1 in FIG. 4 are both right angles.
  • the four corners of the heat conductor 1 in Fig. 5 are all circular arcs, and the arc setting is convenient for the extrusion preparation of the heat pipe and the movement.
  • the shape of the heat conductor of the novel heat pipe of the present invention can also be flexibly changed.
  • the heat conductor 1 has a semi-elliptical shape.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sixth embodiment of the heat pipe of the present invention.
  • the cooled surface of the component 4 is a curved surface, and the microporous tube 2 is arranged in parallel along the surface of the heat conductor 1 in close contact with the component to be cooled.
  • the layer, the heat conductor 1 has a surface that closely adheres to the cooled surface of the element 4 and forms a heat exchange surface, and the microporous tube 2 is arranged in a layered manner near the heat exchange surface, since the heat conductor 1 can be combined with the component 4
  • the surface contact of the cooled surface is realized in the largest area, so that the equivalent thermal resistance is very small, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
  • the microporous tube can be arranged in a multi-layered layer in the heat conducting body, as shown in the structural example of the seventh embodiment of the novel heat pipe of the present invention as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the microporous tube 2 is in the thermal conductor 1 Layered arrangement.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an eighth embodiment of a novel heat pipe according to the present invention, in which a solid strip 11 is disposed in the heat conductor 1 in a direction parallel to the length of the tube of the microporous tube 2, and the solid strip 11 is provided with
  • the fixing hole 12 is installed, and the new heat pipe can be installed and fixed at the target location through the mounting fixing hole 12.
  • the solid belt 11 can be disposed at the intermediate portion or both sides of the heat conductor 1 as needed, and the solid belt 11 can also be provided with one or more.
  • the invention also relates to a novel heat exchange system comprising the novel heat pipe with a microporous tube array according to the invention, the novel heat exchange system can be used as an electronic device heat sink, a heat pipe heat exchanger and a solar energy set Heater.
  • the evaporation surface of the new heat pipe can be The heating surface of the electronic device is insulatively contacted, and automatically absorbs the heat emitted by the electronic device, and the rest of the heat pipe serves as a condensation surface to achieve efficient heat dissipation; or a part of one end of the new heat pipe is in contact with the heat generating surface, and sucks Thermal evaporation, the other part of the new heat pipe is the condensation section; or one end of the new heat pipe is located in the heat source and absorbs heat to evaporate; the other end is cooled by air or liquid, and the steam inside the new heat pipe condenses and releases heat.
  • electronic devices such as other microelectronic chip heat sinks such as CPUs, or LEDs and high-power heat sink radiators, solar cell cooling applications, etc.
  • the equivalent diameter of the microporous tube can be selected as 0.2mm-6mm, micro fins with enhanced heat transfer can be arranged in the inner wall of each microporous tube.
  • the distance between two adjacent micro fins is 0.01mm-0.6mm, and the height of micro fins is 0.02. Mm-2mm, the structure not only has high heat transfer capacity, but also significantly enhances the mechanical properties of the new heat pipe itself such as bending and heat resistance; preferably, the size and structure of the micro fins are suitable for forming along the inner wall of the microporous tube.
  • the micro-grooves in the longitudinal direction of the microporous tube are provided with a groove width of 0.01 mm-0.4 mm and a groove depth of 0.02 mm-0.7 mm, and the type of the liquid working medium is matched with the size and structure of the appropriate capillary micro-groove.
  • the heat flux density formed when the microelectronic chip is dissipated can be enhanced to greatly improve the heat transfer efficiency, so that the microelectronic chip is rapidly cooled.
  • the equivalent diameter of the micro-bore tubes can be selected from 0.5 mm to 3 mm, and micro-enhanced heat transfer can be provided in the inner wall of each microporous tube.
  • the fins are set to have a distance of 0.01 mm-0.5 mm between the two adjacent micro-fins, and the height of the micro-fins is 0.03 mm-1.5 mm.
  • the structure not only has a high heat transfer capacity, but also significantly enhances the new heat pipe itself.
  • the size and structure of the micro fins are suitable for forming capillary microgrooves along the length of the microporous tube with the inner wall of the microporous tube, and the groove width of the capillary groove is 0.01 mm- 0.4mm, groove depth is 0.03mm-0.7mm, the type of liquid working medium is matched with the size and structure of suitable capillary micro-groove, which can enhance the heat flux density formed by heat dissipation of LED and high-power heat sink parts, so as to greatly improve heat transfer efficiency. Therefore, the LED and the high-power heat sink member are rapidly cooled.
  • the novel heat exchange system of the present invention is used as a heat pipe heat exchanger, the two ends of the heat pipe are respectively located in a heat source and a refrigerant that require heat exchange, and the heat pipe can efficiently exchange heat by evaporation condensation.
  • the new heat exchange system When the new heat exchange system is used as a heat dissipation or cogeneration system for solar photovoltaic panels, the evaporation surface of the new heat pipe is in contact with the back plate of the solar photovoltaic panel, such as by closely attaching or tightly bonding to absorb solar energy.
  • the heat of the photovoltaic panel is evaporated and the condensation surface of the new heat pipe is condensed and released in the heat exchanger to prepare hot water.
  • the novel heat exchange system of the invention can also be used as a heat collector of a solar water heater, wherein one end of each microporous tube absorbs solar radiation energy to evaporate, and the other end condenses heat in a heat exchanger to prepare hot water, as shown in FIG.
  • the solar collector comprises a heat absorbing plate 5 composed of a novel heat pipe, a heat exchanger 6, an inlet and outlet water pipe 7 and a water pipe 8, wherein the heat absorbing plate 5 has a heat absorbing surface facing the bare side to absorb the sun light.
  • the heat release section is disposed in the heat exchanger 6, and the heat release section condenses and releases heat in the heat exchanger 6, and heats the water stored in the heat exchanger 6.
  • the outer surface of the heat absorbing surface may be provided with an endothermic coating capable of efficiently absorbing solar energy, so as to increase the heat absorbing efficiency as much as possible.
  • the heat absorbing plate 5 is provided with a microporous tube, and is filled with a refrigerant, and the working medium is filled respectively. At one end of each microporous tube, these microporous tubes are respectively corresponding to heat pipes.
  • the heat absorbing surface of the heat absorbing plate 5 corresponds to the evaporation surface of the new heat pipe
  • the heat releasing portion of the heat absorbing plate 5 corresponds to the condensing surface of the new heat pipe
  • the hot water tank can be used as the heat exchanger 6 to prepare hot water
  • the condensation surface of the heat pipe can directly contact the outer surface of the heat-conducting inner tank of the hot water tank, and the new heat pipe collects heat through the heat-conducting heat through the heat-conducting inner tank to the heat collecting tank.
  • the heat absorption section of the heat absorbing plate 5 absorbs the solar radiant heat
  • the heat medium inside the heat pipe absorbs heat
  • the high temperature The vapor enters the exothermic section through each pipeline to carry out condensation and exotherm.
  • the vapor After exchanging heat with the water in the heat exchanger 6, the vapor is condensed into a liquid and flows back to the lower part of the heat absorbing plate 5.
  • the liquid absorbs heat and then evaporates..., so that it can be repeated
  • the radiant heat absorbed by the heat absorbing plate 5 is continuously transmitted to the water in the heat exchanger 6, thereby achieving the purpose of utilizing solar radiant heat.
  • a capillary microchannel can be formed in the microporous tube, and the heat absorbing plate 5 with a plurality of capillary microchannels can use gravity and capillary driving force to promote the vapor of the evaporation section to move to the condensation section more quickly, and can also promote the condensed liquid. More quickly returning to the evaporation section for evaporation again, and sequentially circulating, by adjusting the size of the capillary microgroove, the unidirectional heat conduction of the solar heat collecting heat pipe can be realized, and the heat absorbing plate structure has a larger size than the existing common heat collecting plate. Collecting efficiency.
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart of a preferred process of the processing process of the novel heat pipe of the present invention, the process comprising the following steps:
  • a heat conductor having two or more microporous tubes arranged in parallel and penetrating therein is prepared; the heat conductor may be a metal material, and the metal material is heated to a softening temperature and then injected.
  • Pressing the die the side of the die is provided with a flat shell, and the inside of the shell is provided with two or more columnar punches arranged side by side parallel to the outer casing, and the cylindrical punches are provided with a plurality of dimples on the sides pit;
  • the metal material is extruded and cooled to room temperature, and formed into a microporous tube array flat structure having two or more side by side arrays, and the inner wall of the microporous tube is extruded with enhanced heat transfer. a number of micro fins;
  • the end of the other end of the thermal conductor is sealed by a cold welding process, as shown in FIG. 12, the process flow diagram of the thermal body end sealing of the processing method of the novel heat pipe of the present invention, the cold welding process is in the thermal conductor
  • the cutter 10 is placed on the upper and lower ends of the tip, and the end of the heat conductor 1 is pressed by the edge of the cutter 10 to deform and seal and cut. It is also possible to insert the aluminum wire into the nozzle of the microporous tube 2 and then seal the package by a cold welding process;
  • the heat pipe prepared by the processing method is the new heat pipe of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, and the longitudinal sectional structure thereof is shown in FIG. 1; if the columnar punch in the extrusion die in the processing process is not set
  • the micro-pits, the prepared new heat pipe have no micro-fins on the inner wall of each of the circular microporous tubes, and form the novel heat pipe of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
  • the processing method of the novel heat pipe in this embodiment is a hot extrusion process.
  • a cold extrusion or a warm extrusion process may be selected, and the wear resistance and hardness should be selected in the cold extrusion or warm extrusion process.
  • a stamping process can also be selected to prepare the novel heat pipe of the present invention, and the heat conductor is punched by a stamping die with two or more columnar punches arranged in parallel, especially when processing a relatively short new heat pipe.
  • the stamping process is easier to implement and, as such, can be prepared by hot stamping, warm stamping or cold stamping.
  • the new heat pipe is integrally formed by extrusion or stamping, and the process is simple, the process of preparing and maintaining the existing heat pipe, such as capillary core material, is eliminated, and the brazing process is not required to be integrated into the brazing furnace by integral brazing.
  • Structure, and the processing technology of the invention is advantageous for industrial production, and the heat conductor can be batch placed on the production line, extruded by the extrusion die or stamped by the stamping die and then enters the following procedure, which is beneficial to the mass production of the new heat pipe and at the same time The production efficiency of the new heat pipe.

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Description

具有微孔管阵列的热管及其加工工艺及换热系统 技术领域
本发明涉及换热技术领域， 特别涉及一种用于相变换热的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管及 其加工工艺， 以及采用该新型热管的一种新型换热系统。 背景技术
与自然对流和强制对流的换热方式相比， 由于相变换热的方式传热效率高， 利用相变换 热技术的换热器在工业中得到了广泛的应用， 在此类相变换热器技术中， 最典型的要属热管 换热器技术， 热管的主要传热方式为蒸发和冷凝， 具有传热能力大、 温度控制能力强、 传热 效率高的特点。 其中振荡型热管虽然传热效率较高， 但该种传热元件需要起振温差， 应用范 围受到很大限制；普通的毛细芯热管其制作工艺如毛细芯材料的制备以及维护过程非常复杂， 也使得其应用受到很大的限制； 而且普通的热管由于采用具有一定直径的圆管， 与元件被冷 却面接触面积小， 导致等效热阻大。 针对板状受热面， 为了利用热管的优势， 现有技术将热 管并排排列， 外贴金属传热板， 或者在管与管之间通过焊接连接形成并排结构以构成面状表 面， 但是， 对于外加金属传热板的板状热管由于管与管之间有空气腔， 造成较大的热阻， 使 散热效率低， 而且内部承压能力差， 易变型， 对于焊接形成的板状热管， 由于焊接工作效率 低， 造成产量低， 且焊接很容易造成虚焊等焊接质量问题， 不能适应热管在承受压力条件下 的工作， 而且在现有技术中将并排排列的热管的端头密封的工艺通常是将热管端头封盖或者 将热管装入套筒中再将套筒口焊接封盖或者将端头熔融整体钎焊加工为一体，工艺十分复杂， 而且密封性和可靠性能低。 发明内容
针对现有热管技术存在的应用受到限制、 散热效率低、 承压差的缺陷和不足， 本发明的 目的在于提供一种适用面广、 热阻小、 散热效率高、 承压能力强的具有微孔管阵列的新型热 管。 本发明还提供一种所述新型热管的加工工艺以及采用该新型热管的一种新型换热系统。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 包括一实心的导热体， 在所述导热体内 具有两个或两个以上平行排布的微孔管， 所述微孔管内灌装有起相变换热作用的工质， 所述 导热体的两端密封且至少一端头具有由冷焊形成的渐变收縮的封口带。
所述各微孔管的至少一纵截面在该封口带处的外侧边沿微孔管管长方向渐变收縮为一 点， 所述外侧边为相对内凹的两条弧形边。
所述各微孔管的至少一纵截面在该封口带处的内侧边沿微孔管管长方向渐变收縮为一 点， 所述内侧边为相对内凹的两条弧形边。
导热体在封口带所在端具有由锡焊或高频焊形成的卷曲的加固焊口。
导热体在封口带所在端的外部设置有保护套。
所述微孔管沿着所述导热体与元件被冷却面紧密贴合的表面平行排布成一层。
所述导热体为条状或板状体， 所述平行排布的微孔管平行于条状或板状体横向宽度较宽 的表面。
设置微孔管的通道横截面的长宽比在 至 1.5之间， 所述新型热管的最小管壁与各微孔
3
管等效直径的比值均大于等于 0.2。
当导热体的总厚度小于等于 3mm时，所述封口带渐变收縮的延展长度与导热体总厚度的 比值在 0.75至 1.5之间； 当导热体的总厚度在 3mm至 5mm之间时， 所述封口带渐变收縮的 延展长度与导热体总厚度的比值在 0.6至 1.5之间； 当导热体的总厚度大于 5mm时， 所述封 口带渐变收縮的延展长度与导热体总厚度的比值在 0.5至 1.5之间。
所述微孔管排布成两层或两层以上。
所述微孔管等效直径或水力直径在 0.1mm至 8mm之间， 至少有两个或两个以上相邻两 微孔管之间的距离在 0.1mm至 1.0mm之间。
所述导热体内具有一条或一条以上的沿平行于微孔管管长方向的实心带， 所述实心带上 设置有安装固定孔。
所述各微孔管均为独立热管结构。
所述各微孔管一端在导热体内开放， 即各微孔管在该端彼此连通， 但导热体该端封闭， 各微孔管另一端封闭， 各微孔管为半独立热管结构。
所述各微孔管的通道横截面形状为多角形或圆形或椭圆形， 所述多角形的顶角处为平滑 的圆角。
所述各微孔管的通道内壁中， 设置有具有强化传热作用的微翅片或沿微孔管长度方向走 向的内凹毛细微槽， 所述微翅片的大小和结构适合于与微孔管内壁形成沿微孔管长度方向走 向的毛细微槽， 所述微翅片与微孔管内壁形成的顶角处以及内凹毛细微槽与微孔管内壁形成 的顶角处均为平滑的圆角。
采用如上所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管的一种新型换热系统。
所述新型热管的蒸发面与元件被冷却面相接触， 新型热管的其它部分为冷凝面。 所述新型热管的一端位于热源之中， 并吸热蒸发； 另一端外部通过空气或液体冷却， 热 管内部蒸汽冷凝放热。
所述新型换热系统作为太阳能热水器的集热器，各微孔管一端吸收太阳能辐射能量蒸发， 另一端冷凝放热至换热器以制备热水， 所述新型热管的冷凝面与换热器中的水直接接触或新 型热管的冷凝面直接与作为换热器的集热水箱的导热内胆外壁面接触。
所述新型换热系统作为太阳能光伏发电电池板的散热或热电联供系统， 所述新型热管的 蒸发面与太阳能光伏发电电池板的背板相接触，以吸收太阳能光伏发电电池板的热量并蒸发; 新型热管的冷凝面在换热器中冷凝放热以制备热水。
一种如上所述的新型热管的加工工艺， 其特征在于： 包括如下步骤。
A、 采用挤压或冲压工艺制备出其内具有两个或两个以上平行排布并贯通的微孔管的导 热体；
B、 将导热体的一端的端头密封；
C、 将微孔管内空气排出及灌装液体工质；
D、 将导热体两端的另一端的端头采用冷焊工艺密封封装， 所述冷焊工艺为通过刀口挤 压导热体的端头使之变形并进行封口及切断。
上述新型热管的加工工艺， 其特征在于， 步骤 B所述的将导热体的一端的端头密封的工 艺为采用冷焊工艺密封封装， 所述冷焊工艺为通过刀口挤压导热体的该端头使之变形并进行 封口及切断。
上述新型热管的加工工艺， 其特征在于， 步骤 B所述的将导热体的一端的端头密封的工 艺为将导热体的该端头压扁、 卷曲后， 采用锡焊或高频焊进行封口加固或在该端头套上套筒 进行密封。
上述新型热管的加工工艺， 其特征在于， 执行完步骤 D后， 还执行下述步骤：
E、 将导热体的两端头安装保护套。
步骤 A所述导热体为金属或合金材料， 将金属或合金材料加热到软化温度后注入挤压模 具挤压或由冲压模具冲压，所述挤压或冲压模具具有平行排布的两个或两个以上的柱状凸模， 所述导热体被挤压或冲压后冷却至常温。
所述导热体为条状或板状体， 所述平行排布的微孔管平行于条状或板状体横向宽度较宽 的表面。
步骤 A所述挤压模具或冲压模具内的柱状凸模上均设置有若干微凹坑或外翅片， 使所述 微孔管内壁上带有挤压或冲压成型的具有强化传热作用的若干微翅片或内凹毛细微槽。
本发明的技术效果如下： 本发明提供一种具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 包括一具有平行排布的微孔管的导热体， 导热体密封并灌装有起相变换热作用的工质， 即微孔管内灌装有工质形成微热管， 并以相变 换热的方式传热， 自然形成热管效应， 平行排布的微孔管也可以理解为成组的微孔管束构成 的微孔管群结构， 各微孔管可以形成一个或多个微热管， 由于在一个整体结构内排布微热管， 因此可以采取挤压或冲压工艺很方便制备， 从而使本发明可以有很广泛的应用， 同时由于微 孔管为导热体内部形成的腔体结构， 并非靠焊接或外加金属传热板， 故微孔管与微孔管之间 为导热体本体作为加强筋， 管与管之间不存在空气腔， 解决了空气腔造成较大的热阻， 使散 热效率低， 而且内部承压能力差， 易变形， 以及焊接工作效率低等一系列问题， 导热体使得 新型热管散热效率大大提高， 热阻小， 并增强了承压能力和工作安全可靠性。 导热体的两端 密封且至少一端头具有由冷焊形成的渐变收縮的封口带， 是通过使用冷焊工艺来制备该新型 热管形成的独特结构， 而传统的端头封口工艺通常是使用热焊工艺将热管端头封盖或将热管 装入套筒中再将套筒口焊接封盖或将端头熔融整体钎焊加工为一体， 工艺十分复杂， 本发明 采用独特的端头封口冷焊工艺能够一次性闭合封装以形成独特的具有渐变收縮的封口带的新 型热管。
通过设置加固焊口以及保护套能够增强本发明新型热管的端头封口的密闭性以及抗氧化 能力。
如果采用条状或板状体作为导热体， 则相对于现有技术的板状热管， 本发明的新型热管 具有板面吸热的高效性和内部微热管高效热输运的特性， 消除了普通热管和振荡热管与元件 被冷却面接触面积小， 等效热阻大的缺点， 同时克服了振荡热管需要起振温差的缺点， 并省 去了现有毛细芯热管制作时如毛细芯材料制备以及维护等复杂的工艺， 还克服了传统的平板 式的热管结构采用单一热管结构导致内部承压能力、 可靠性、 局部最大换热密度以及最大热 输送能力受到很大限制的问题， 具有适用范围广、 结构简单、 工作可靠、 散热效率高的特点。
微孔管沿着导热体与元件被冷却面紧密贴合的表面平行排布成一层， 导热体与元件被冷 却面紧密贴合的表面形成换热面， 这样， 当元件被冷却面为一曲面时， 导热体也能与元件被 冷却面最大面积地实现面接触， 接触到的面形成换热面， 使得等效热阻非常小， 再加上靠近 换热面处具有一层层状排布的微孔管， 提高了换热效率。
通过导热体的总厚度在不同取值范围内， 设定该总厚度与导热体的封口带渐变收縮的延 展长度之间比值的取值范围， 使得封口处能具备足够的强度， 从而使微孔管内部承受的压力 能够大于 2.0MPa， 以满足微孔管内不同液体工质在各种工作温度下能够承受的压力， 适应热 管在各种情况下的工作需要。
微孔管为在导热体内排布成多层层状排布的微孔管， 使得该热管与换热对象在有限的接 触面积下， 各层微孔管之间依次进行导热传递， 即与换热对象接触的第一层的微孔管的蒸发 段导热给第二层的微孔管使其也形成蒸发段， 若还有第三层的微孔管， 第二层会再向第三层 导热传递， 最终导热至所有层， 各层的蒸发段均蒸发汽化， 流动到各自微孔管的冷凝段， 冷 凝段放热液化流回蒸发段， 自动完成各自微孔管的循环， 而各层的冷凝段之间也是互相导热 传递的， 故各层微孔管整体冷凝放热的效率能够提高， 提高了局部最大的换热密度， 无需縮 小热管内的并排排列的微孔管之间的距离以及微孔管自身的直径， 此外， 该多层层状排布的 微孔管结构还进一步提高了热管的强度和可靠性。
各微孔管两端均封闭， 使得各微孔管均为独立热管结构， 这样更加有利于热管整体的可 靠性， 万一某一微孔管发生损坏比如漏气后也不会影响其它微孔管的工作。 而对于各微孔管 一端彼此连通、 另一端封闭， 各微孔管形成半独立热管， 无需封闭微孔管的端头， 降低了热 管对真空度要求。
各微孔管的通道内壁中， 设置有具有强化传热作用的微翅片， 能够进一步增强工质的相 变换热能力， 微翅片之间如果距离合适也会形成毛细芯结构， 同时由于比表面积大幅增加， 从而该新型热管具有更高的换热效率。
微翅片的大小和结构适合于与微孔管内壁形成沿微孔管长度方向走向的毛细微槽可以进 一步提高新型热管的表观热流密度以及热管的双向换热特性。
本发明涉及的新型热管的加工工艺中微孔管为采用挤压或冲压而成的一体结构， 将导热 体经过整体挤压或冲压成型为两个或两个以上并排排列的微孔管， 微孔管内排出空气并灌装 有液体工质形成微热管， 自然形成热管效应， 由于是挤压或冲压成型， 工艺简单， 省去了现 有热管制作时如毛细芯材料制备以及维护等工艺， 又因为是整体成型， 故无需使用钎焊工艺 在钎焊炉内通过整体钎焊加工为一体结构。 国标（GB9082.1-88)所规定的铝热管圆管材的管 壁应大于 1.0mm, 而本申请的新型热管由于各微孔管之间相互支撑， 能够相互加强各微孔管 的强度， 故新型热管的管壁可降低为 0.2-0.4mm左右， 对于具有如此薄管壁的热管的端头密 封封装工艺， 若采用现有技术中的封盖封装， 很容易发生泄露， 影响密闭性能， 若采用端头 熔融钎焊工艺封装， 端头又容易发生断裂。 本申请的端头封口采用冷焊工艺， 可通过刀口挤 压导热体的端头使之变形并进行封口及切断， 使端头形成渐变收縮的封口带， 能够一次性闭 合封装， 工艺简单， 密封性好， 不会发生泄露， 增强了安全性及可靠性能。 本发明的新型热 管的加工工艺有利于工业化生产， 导热体可批量置于生产线上， 经挤压模具挤压或由冲压模 具冲压后进入下面的程序， 有利于该新型热管的批量生产， 同时提高了该新型热管的生产效 附图说明
图 1为本发明新型热管的纵截面结构示意图；
图 2为本发明新型热管的第一种实施例的结构示意图；
图 3为本发明新型热管的第二种实施例的结构示意图；
图 4为本发明新型热管的第三种实施例的结构示意图；
图 5为本发明新型热管的第四种实施例的结构示意图；
图 6为本发明新型热管的第五种实施例的结构示意图；
图 7为本发明新型热管的第六种实施例的结构示意图；
图 8为本发明新型热管的第七种实施例的结构示意图；
图 9为本发明新型热管的第八种实施例的结构示意图；
图 10为本发明新型热管的实施例-太阳能集热器结构示意图；
图 11为本发明新型热管的加工工艺的优选工艺流程图；
图 12为本发明新型热管的加工工艺的导热体端头封口的工艺流程图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行说明。
图 2为本发明新型热管的第一种实施例的结构示意图， 包括一实心的导热体 1， 该导热 体可以为金属或合金材料制成， 该实施例中的导热体 1为板状体， 导热体 1内具有两个或两 个以上平行排布的微孔管 2， 平行排布的微孔管 2平行于板状体横向宽度较宽的表面， 微孔 管 2的通道横截面形状为圆形， 微孔管 2密封在导热体 1内并在微孔管 2内灌装有液体工质 形成微热管， 以相变换热的方式传热， 自然形成热管效应， 该实施例中的新型热管为金属材 料经过挤压或者冲压成型的两个及以上并排排列的通孔阵列平板结构。 为使得该新型热管的 热流密度以及相变换热更好，微孔管 2等效直径或水力直径可以选择在 0.1mm至 8mm之间， 优选为 0.2mm-5mm， 相邻两微孔管之间的距离在 0.1mm至 1.0mm之间， 优选设置微孔管的 通道横截面的长宽比在 至 1.5之间， 新型热管的最小管壁与各微孔管等效直径的比值均大
3
于等于 0.2。
其中， 导热体 1的两端密封且两端头均具有由冷焊形成的渐变收縮的封口带， 各微孔管 2的两端头均封闭且各微孔管 2的至少一纵截面在该封口带处的外侧边和内测边均沿微孔管 2 管长方向渐变收縮为一点， 该外侧边和内测边均为相对内凹的两条弧形边， 如图 1所示的本 发明新型热管的纵截面结构示意图， 导热体 1在封口带所在端具有由锡焊或高频焊或其它焊 接方法加固形成的卷曲的加固焊口 9， 该加固焊口 9的外部设置有保护套。 假设封口带渐变 收縮的延展长度与导热体总厚度的比值为 δ， 当导热体的总厚度小于等于 3mm 时， 0.75≤^≤1.5； 当导热体的总厚度在 3mm至 5mm之间时， 0.6≤ ≤1.5； 当导热体的总厚度 大于 5mm时， 0.5≤ ≤1.5。 对于导热体的总厚度与封口带渐变收縮的延展长度的关系设定， 使得微孔管内部承受的压力能够大于 2.0MPa， 以满足微孔管内不同液体工质在各种工作温度 下能够承受的压力，适应热管在各种情况下的工作需要。例如，当导热体的总厚度为 3mm时， 可以设置封口带渐变收縮的延展长度为 2.5mm或 3mm等， 当导热体的总厚度为 4mm时， 可 以设置封口带渐变收縮的延展长度为 2.8mm或 3mm等。
各微孔管 2可以形成独立热管结构或者半独立热管结构。 例如， 当各微孔管 2两端均封 闭时各微孔管 2均为独立热管结构， 构成微热管阵列， 各微孔管 2之间不连通， 均可独立工 作， 这样更加有利于热管整体的可靠性和安全维护， 万一某一微孔管发生损坏比如漏气后也 不会影响其它微孔管的工作。 当各微孔管 2—端在导热体 1内开放， 即微孔管 2彼此连通， 开放方式可为在导热体 1的该端头套上一个中空套筒， 使得导热体 1该端封闭， 而各微孔管 2在该端彼此连通， 即各微孔管 2为半独立热管结构， 半独立热管结构整体构成了微孔管阵 列热管， 由于微孔管 2端头开放故无需封闭各微孔管的端头， 从而降低了热管对真空度要求， 但是这种各微孔管的端头在导热体内开放而该端的导热体封闭的情况在制作时需要焊接工 艺， 如使用氩弧焊、 高频焊或钎焊等焊接工艺制作， 并且各微孔管由于为半独立热管， 各微 孔管之间相互在端部连通， 实为单一热管结构， 一旦某一微孔管发生损坏就会影响其它微孔 管的工作， 造成热管整体的失效， 故可靠性会有些降低。
图 3为本发明新型热管的第二种实施例的结构示意图，该实施例与图 2所示的第一种实施 例的区别为， 该实施例的每个圆形的微孔管 2的四周内壁上均设置有大量的导热材料制成的 微翅片 3， 沿本发明新型热管长度方向相邻的微翅片 3之间距离适当可形成毛细芯， 更进一 步， 沿本发明新型热管长度方向相邻的微翅片 3的排布形成毛细微槽， 微翅片、 毛细芯以及 毛细微槽 （也可以理解为成组的微孔管束构成的微孔管群或微槽群结构） 的设置能够强化热 管的换热能力。
图 4为本发明新型热管的第三种实施例的结构示意图， 该实施例中微孔管 2的通道横截 面形状为矩形， 当然微孔管横截面也可以为其它多角形（如三角形和方形等）、椭圆型或其它 不形成应力集中的任意几何形状， 其中， 多角形的顶角处应为平滑的具有一定曲率的圆角， 如图 4中矩形的顶角处的为平滑的具有一定曲率的圆角 13。 该实施例中微孔管 2等效直径或 水力直径可以选择为 0.1mm-3.5mm， 每个矩形的微孔管 2的上下相对的内壁上均设置有若干 导热材料制成的微翅片 3或沿微孔管 2长度方向走向的内凹毛细微槽， 沿本发明新型热管长 度方向相邻的微翅片 3之间形成毛细芯， 更进一步， 沿本发明新型热管长度方向相邻的微翅 片 3的排布形成毛细微槽， 微翅片 3与微孔管 2的内壁形成的顶角处以及内凹毛细微槽与微 孔管的内壁形成的顶角处均为平滑的具有一定曲率的圆角， 以避免应力集中， 如图 4中的微 翅片 3与微孔管 2的内壁形成的顶角处为平滑的具有一定曲率的圆角 13。 同样， 微翅片 3可 以是在微孔管 2的上下相对的内壁上设置， 也可以只在微孔管 2内壁中的一侧或任意两侧或 三侧或四侧设置。
图 5所示的本发明新型热管的第四种实施例的结构示意图， 与图 4所示的第三种实施例 的区别为， 图 4中的导热体 1的四个棱角均为直角， 而图 5中的导热体 1的四个棱角均为圆 弧， 圆弧设置既便于热管的挤压制备， 又便于搬转。 本发明新型热管的导热体的外形也可灵 活多变， 如图 6所示的本发明新型热管的第五种实施例的结构示意图中， 导热体 1的外形为 半椭圆形。
图 7为本发明新型热管的第六种实施例的结构示意图， 元件 4的被冷却面为一曲面， 微 孔管 2沿着导热体 1与元件被冷却面紧密贴合的表面平行排布成一层， 导热体 1具有与元件 4被冷却面紧密贴合的表面并形成换热面， 并且微孔管 2在靠近换热面处为一层层状排布， 由于导热体 1能与元件 4的被冷却面最大面积地实现面接触， 使得等效热阻非常小， 提高了 换热效率。
微孔管可以在导热体内呈多层层状排布， 如图 8所示的本发明新型热管的第七种实施例 的结构示意图， 该实施例中微孔管 2在导热体 1内呈两层层状排布。
图 9为本发明新型热管的第八种实施例的结构示意图， 该实施中在导热体 1内设置具有 一条沿平行于微孔管 2管长方向的实心带 11， 该实心带 11上设置有安装固定孔 12， 可以通 过该安装固定孔 12将新型热管安装、 固定在目标地点。 实心带 11可以根据需要设置在导热 体 1的中间部位或者两边部位， 该实心带 11也可以设置一条或者一条以上。
本发明还涉及一种新型换热系统， 该新型换热系统包括了发明涉及到的具有微孔管阵列 的新型热管， 该新型换热系统可作为电子器件散热装置、 热管换热器及太阳能集热器。
当本发明的新型换热系统用于电子器件散热时， 如 CPU等其它微电子芯片散热器， 或者 是 LED及大功率散热器件散热器， 太阳能电池冷却等应用， 可将新型热管的蒸发面与电子器 件的发热面绝缘接触， 并自动吸收电子器件所散发的热量， 热管的其余部分作为冷凝面， 从 而达到高效散热的目的； 或者是将新型热管的一端的某一部分与发热面相接触， 并吸热蒸发， 新型热管的其它部分为冷凝段； 或者是将新型热管的一端位于热源之中， 并吸热蒸发； 另一 端外部通过空气或液体冷却， 新型热管内部蒸汽冷凝放热。
具体地， 当该新型换热系统用作微电子芯片散热器时， 微孔管等效直径可以选择为 0.2mm-6mm, 可以在各微孔管的通道内壁中设置具有强化传热作用的微翅片， 设置相邻两个 微翅片的距离为 0.01mm-0.6mm，微翅片的高度为 0.02mm-2mm，该结构不但能够有很高的传 热能力， 而且显著增强新型热管本身抗弯、 抗热等力学性能； 优选地， 微翅片的大小和结构 适合于与微孔管内壁形成沿微孔管长度方向走向的毛细微槽， 设置毛细微槽的槽宽为 0.01mm-0.4mm,槽深为 0.02mm-0.7mm，液体工质的种类配合合适的毛细微槽的大小和结构， 能够增强微电子芯片散热时形成的热流密度， 以大幅度提高传热效率， 从而使得微电子芯片 被迅速冷却。
当该新型换热系统用作 LED 及大功率散热器件散热器时， 微孔管等效直径可以选择为 0.5mm-3mm, 可以在各微孔管的通道内壁中设置具有强化传热作用的微翅片， 设置相邻两个 微翅片的距离为 0.01mm-0.5mm， 微翅片的高度为 0.03mm-1.5mm， 该结构不但能够有很高的 传热能力， 而且显著增强新型热管本身抗弯、 抗热等力学性能； 优选地， 微翅片的大小和结 构适合于与微孔管内壁形成沿微孔管长度方向走向的毛细微槽， 设置毛细微槽的槽宽为 0.01mm-0.4mm,槽深为 0.03mm-0.7mm，液体工质的种类配合合适的毛细微槽的大小和结构， 能够增强 LED及大功率散热器件散热时形成的热流密度， 以大幅度提高传热效率， 从而使得 LED及大功率散热器件被迅速冷却。 当本发明的新型换热系统作为热管换热器时， 热管的两 端分别位于需要热交换的热源与冷媒中， 热管就可以通过自身的蒸发冷凝进行高效换热。
当新型换热系统作为太阳能光伏发电电池板的散热或热电联供系统时， 新型热管的蒸发 面与太阳能光伏发电电池板的背板相接触， 如通过紧密相贴或紧密粘接， 以吸收太阳能光伏 发电电池板的热量并蒸发， 新型热管的冷凝面在换热器中冷凝放热以制备热水。
本发明的新型换热系统还可以作为太阳能热水器的集热器， 各微孔管一端吸收太阳能辐 射能量蒸发， 另一端在换热器中冷凝放热以制备热水， 如图 10所示的本发明新型热管的一种 实施例-太阳能集热器结构示意图。本实施例中太阳能集热器包括由新型热管构成的吸热板 5、 换热器 6及其进出口一水管 7和水管 8， 其中吸热板 5的吸热面向阳裸露设置以吸收太阳 光线， 放热段设置于换热器 6中， 放热段在换热器 6中冷凝放热， 并将换热器 6中的储水加 热。 吸热面的外表面可以设置能高效吸收太阳能的吸热涂层， 以尽可能提高吸热效率， 吸热 板 5内设置有微孔管， 并灌装有制冷工质， 工质分别充填于各微孔管的一端， 这些微孔管就 分别相应成为热管。 其中， 吸热板 5的吸热面对应新型热管的蒸发面， 吸热板 5的放热段对 应新型热管的冷凝面， 可利用集热水箱作为换热器 6来制备热水， 新型热管的冷凝面可以直 接与该集热水箱的导热内胆外壁面接触， 新型热管冷凝放热时通过导热方式经该导热内胆传 给集热水箱的水进行集热。
本实施例的工作原理： 吸热板 5的吸热段吸收太阳辐射热， 热管内工质吸热蒸发， 高温 蒸气分别通过各管路进入放热段进行冷凝放热， 在与换热器 6中的水交换热量后冷凝为液体 流回吸热板 5下部， 液体吸热再蒸发…， 如此周而复始， 就可以将吸热板 5所吸收的辐射热 量源源不断地传递给换热器 6中的水， 将从而达到利用太阳能辐射热的目的。
微孔管中可形成毛细微槽， 这种带有多个毛细微槽的吸热板 5可以利用重力和毛细驱动 力促使蒸发段的蒸汽更快速的向冷凝段移动， 同时也可以促使冷凝液体更快速的返回到蒸发 段进行再次蒸发， 依次循环， 通过调节毛细微槽的尺寸， 可实现太阳能集热热管的单向导热， 这种吸热板结构具有比现有普通集热板更大的集热效率。
图 11为本发明新型热管的加工工艺的优选工艺流程图， 该加工工艺包括如下步骤：
A、 采用挤压或冲压工艺制备出其内具有两个或两个以上平行排布并贯通的微孔管的导 热体； 该导热体可以为金属材料， 将金属材料加热到软化温度后注入挤压模具挤压， 该挤压 模具的侧面设置有平板外壳， 外壳内部设置有与外壳分别平行的两个或两个以上并排排列的 柱状凸模， 该柱状凸模四周侧面均设置有若干微凹坑；
A'、 金属材料被挤压后冷却至常温， 成型为具有两个或两个以上并排排列的微孔管阵列 平板结构， 并且微孔管内壁上带有挤压成型的具有强化传热作用的若干微翅片；
B、 将导热体的一端的端头密封： 具体方法可以有三种， 一种是采用冷焊工艺密封封装， 如图 12所示的本发明新型热管的加工工艺的导热体端头封口的工艺流程图，该冷焊工艺为在 导热体端头上下方分别放置刀具 10， 通过刀具 10的刀口挤压导热体 1的端头使之变形并进 行封口及切断； 第二种方法是将导热体的该端头压扁、 卷曲后， 采用锡焊或高频焊进行封口 加固； 第三种方法是在导热体的该端头套上套筒进行密封；
C、 将微孔管内空气排出 （例如抽真空） 及灌装液体工质形成微热管；
D、 将导热体的另一端的端头采用冷焊工艺密封封装， 如图 12所示的本发明新型热管的 加工工艺的导热体端头封口的工艺流程图， 该冷焊工艺为在导热体端头上下方分别放置刀具 10， 通过刀具 10的刀口挤压导热体 1的端头使之变形并进行封口及切断。也可以先将铝丝插 入到微孔管 2的管口后再采用冷焊工艺密封封装；
E、将导热体的两端头分别安装保护套，该保护套可以选择套筒来实现导热体的端头封口 的加固焊。
该加工工艺制备出的热管即为图 3所示的第二种实施例的新型热管， 其纵截面结构示意 图如图 1所示； 若加工工艺中的挤压模具中的柱状凸模上没有设置微凹坑， 则制备的新型热 管每个圆形的微孔管的四周内壁上没有微翅片， 形成图 2所示的第一种实施例的新型热管。
该实施例中的新型热管的加工工艺为热挤压工艺， 除此工艺外， 还可以选择冷挤压或温 挤压工艺， 在冷挤压或温挤压工艺中应选择耐磨损、 硬度高的挤压模具， 并需要很大的挤压 压力去挤压金属材料， 冷挤压或温挤压工艺较热挤压成本高， 但是挤压出的热管表面平整度 和光滑度高。 当然也可以选择冲压工艺来制备本发明的新型热管， 由带有平行排布的两个或 两个以上的柱状凸模的冲压模具去冲压导热体， 尤其是加工比较短的新型热管时， 该冲压工 艺更易实现， 同样， 可选择热冲压、 温冲压或冷冲压工艺来制备。 该新型热管是挤压或冲压 整体成型， 工艺简单， 省去了现有热管制作时如毛细芯材料制备以及维护等工艺， 也无需使 用钎焊工艺在钎焊炉内通过整体钎焊加工为一体结构， 并且本发明的加工工艺有利于工业化 生产， 导热体可批量置于生产线上， 经挤压模具挤压或由冲压模具冲压后进入下面的程序， 有利于该新型热管的批量生产， 同时提高了新型热管的生产效率。
应当指出， 以上所述具体实施方式可以使本领域的技术人员更全面地理解本发明创造， 但不以任何方式限制本发明创造。 因此， 尽管本说明书参照附图和实施例对本发明创造已进 行了详细的说明， 但是， 本领域技术人员应当理解， 仍然可以对本发明创造进行修改或者等 同替换， 总之， 一切不脱离本发明创造的精神和范围的技术方案及其改进， 其均应涵盖在本 发明创造专利的保护范围当中。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 包括一实心的导热体， 在所述导热体 内具有两个或两个以上平行排布的微孔管， 所述微孔管内灌装有起相变换热作用的工质，， 所 述导热体的两端密封且至少一端头具有由冷焊形成的渐变收縮的封口带。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述各微孔管的至 少一纵截面在该封口带处的外侧边沿微孔管管长方向渐变收縮为一点， 所述外侧边为相对内 凹的两条弧形边。
3、根据权利要求 2所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述各微孔管的至 少一纵截面在该封口带处的内侧边沿微孔管管长方向渐变收縮为一点， 所述内侧边为相对内 凹的两条弧形边。
4、根据权利要求 3所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 导热体在封口带所 在端具有由锡焊或高频焊形成的卷曲的加固焊口。
5、根据权利要求 3或 4所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 导热体在封口 带所在端的外部设置有保护套。
6、根据权利要求 5所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述微孔管沿着所 述导热体与元件被冷却面紧密贴合的表面平行排布成一层。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述导热体为条状 或板状体， 所述平行排布的微孔管平行于条状或板状体横向宽度较宽的表面。
8、根据权利要求 7所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 设置微孔管的通道 横截面的长宽比在 至 1.5之间， 所述新型热管的最小管壁与各微孔管等效直径的比值均大
3
于等于 0.2。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 当导热体的总厚度 小于等于 3mm时，所述封口带渐变收縮的延展长度与导热体总厚度的比值在 0.75至 1.5之间； 当导热体的总厚度在 3mm至 5mm之间时， 所述封口带渐变收縮的延展长度与导热体总厚度 的比值在 0.6至 1.5之间； 当导热体的总厚度大于 5mm时， 所述封口带渐变收縮的延展长度 与导热体总厚度的比值在 0.5至 1.5之间。
10、 根据权利要求 1所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述微孔管排布 成两层或两层以上。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述微孔管等效 直径或水力直径在 0.1mm至 8mm之间， 相邻两微孔管之间的距离在 0.1mm至 1.0mm之间。
12、 根据权利要求 9所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述导热体内具 有一条或一条以上的沿平行于微孔管管长方向的实心带， 所述实心带上设置有安装固定孔。
13、 根据权利要求 9所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述各微孔管均 为独立热管结构。
14、 根据权利要求 9所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述各微孔管一 端在导热体内开放， 即各微孔管在该端彼此连通， 但导热体该端封闭， 各微孔管另一端封闭， 各微孔管为半独立热管结构。
15、 根据权利要求 9所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述各微孔管的 通道横截面形状为多角形或圆形或椭圆形， 所述多角形的顶角处为平滑的圆角。
16、 根据权利要求 9所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管， 其特征在于： 所述各微孔管的 通道内壁中， 设置有具有强化传热作用的微翅片或沿微孔管长度方向走向的内凹毛细微槽， 所述微翅片的大小和结构适合于与微孔管内壁形成沿微孔管长度方向走向的毛细微槽， 所述 微翅片与微孔管内壁形成的顶角处以及内凹毛细微槽与微孔管内壁形成的顶角处均为平滑的 圆角。
17、 采用权利要求 1至 16之一所述的具有微孔管阵列的新型热管的一种新型换热系统。
18、根据权利要求 17所述的新型换热系统， 其特征在于： 所述新型热管的蒸发面与元件 被冷却面相接触， 新型热管的其它部分为冷凝面。
19、根据权利要求 17所述的新型换热系统， 其特征在于： 所述新型热管的一端位于热源 之中， 并吸热蒸发； 另一端外部通过空气或液体冷却， 热管内部蒸汽冷凝放热。
20、根据权利要求 17所述的新型换热系统， 其特征在于： 所述新型换热系统作为太阳能 热水器的集热器， 各微孔管一端吸收太阳能辐射能量蒸发， 另一端冷凝放热至换热器以制备 热水， 所述新型热管的冷凝面与换热器中的水直接接触或新型热管的冷凝面直接与作为换热 器的集热水箱的导热内胆外壁面接触。
21、根据权利要求 17所述的新型换热系统， 其特征在于： 所述新型换热系统作为太阳能 光伏发电电池板的散热或热电联供系统， 所述新型热管的蒸发面与太阳能光伏发电电池板的 背板相接触， 以吸收太阳能光伏发电电池板的热量并蒸发； 新型热管的冷凝面在换热器中冷 凝放热以制备热水。
22、 一种如权利要求 1至 16之一所述的新型热管的加工工艺， 其特征在于： 包括如下步 骤：
A、 采用挤压或冲压工艺制备出其内具有两个或两个以上平行排布并贯通的微孔管的导 热体； B、 将导热体的一端的端头密封；
C、 将微孔管内空气排出及灌装液体工质；
D、 将导热体的另一端的端头采用冷焊工艺密封封装， 所述冷焊工艺为通过刀口挤压导 热体的端头使之变形并进行封口及切断。
23、 根据权利要 22所述的加工工艺， 其特征在于， 步骤 B所述的将导热体的一端的端 头密封的工艺为采用冷焊工艺密封封装， 所述冷焊工艺为通过刀口挤压导热体的该端头使之 变形并进行封口及切断。
24、 根据权利要求 22所述的加工工艺， 其特征在于， 步骤 B所述的将导热体的一端的 端头密封的工艺为将导热体的该端头压扁、 卷曲后， 采用锡焊或高频焊进行封口加固或在该 端头套上套筒进行密封。
25、 根据权利要求 22或 23或 24所述的加工工艺， 其特征在于， 执行完步骤 D后， 还 执行下述步骤：
E、 将导热体的两端头安装保护套。
26、 根据权利要求 25所述的加工工艺， 其特征在于， 步骤 A所述导热体为金属或合金 材料， 将金属或合金材料加热到软化温度后注入挤压模具挤压或由冲压模具冲压， 所述挤压 或冲压模具具有平行排布的两个或两个以上的柱状凸模， 所述导热体被挤压或冲压后冷却至 常温。
27、 根据权利要求 26所述的加工工艺， 其特征在于， 所述导热体为条状或板状体， 所述 平行排布的微孔管平行于条状或板状体横向宽度较宽的表面。
28、 根据权利要求 26所述的加工工艺， 其特征在于， 步骤 A所述挤压模具或冲压模具 内的柱状凸模上均设置有若干微凹坑或外翅片， 使所述微孔管内壁上带有挤压或冲压成型的 具有强化传热作用的若干微翅片或内凹毛细微槽。
PCT/CN2009/074775 2008-11-03 2009-11-03 具有微孔管阵列的热管及其加工工艺及换热系统 Ceased WO2010060342A1 (zh)

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US13/127,444 US11022380B2 (en) 2008-11-03 2009-11-03 Heat pipe with micro-pore tube array and heat exchange system employing the heat pipe
ES09828602.4T ES2578291T3 (es) 2008-11-03 2009-11-03 Conducto de calor con matriz de microtubos y procedimiento para la fabricación del mismo y sistema de intercambio de calor
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CN200810225726XA CN101430141B (zh) 2008-11-10 2008-11-10 一种板式太阳能集热器及集热系统以及加工工艺
CN2009100789030A CN101493296B (zh) 2009-02-27 2009-02-27 一种具有层列微槽微热管群的新型平板热管
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CNA2009100794113A CN101504198A (zh) 2009-03-10 2009-03-10 一种改进的平板式太阳能集热方法及其集热器和热水系统
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