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WO2010060293A1 - 泵浦冗余保护的系统和方法 - Google Patents

泵浦冗余保护的系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010060293A1
WO2010060293A1 PCT/CN2009/071911 CN2009071911W WO2010060293A1 WO 2010060293 A1 WO2010060293 A1 WO 2010060293A1 CN 2009071911 W CN2009071911 W CN 2009071911W WO 2010060293 A1 WO2010060293 A1 WO 2010060293A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pump laser
fiber
pump
laser
optical fiber
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2009/071911
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张文斗
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HMN Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Marine Networks Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Marine Networks Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Marine Networks Co Ltd
Publication of WO2010060293A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010060293A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/03—Arrangements for fault recovery
    • H04B10/032—Arrangements for fault recovery using working and protection systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/29—Repeaters
    • H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/094061—Shared pump, i.e. pump light of a single pump source is used to pump plural gain media in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
    • H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
    • H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
    • H01S3/09408—Pump redundancy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical communications, and in particular to a system and method for pump redundancy protection. Background technique
  • a more mature fiber amplifier used in fiber-optic communication systems is an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA, Erbium-Doped)
  • the erbium-doped fiber amplifier requires at least a pump laser, a wavelength division multiplexer.
  • WDM Wavelength Division Multiplexing
  • EDF Erbium-Doped Fiber
  • the role of the pump laser is to provide excitation energy to the gain medium.
  • the pump laser in the 980 nm band and the 1480 nm band is often used.
  • a wavelength division multiplexer is typically a three-port device that couples the pump laser and signal light into the same fiber for transmission.
  • the erbium-doped fiber is the gain medium of the erbium-doped fiber amplifier. After absorbing the pump laser, the erbium ions will transition to the excited state. When the signal photon passes through the erbium-doped fiber, stimulated radiation will occur, which is the same as the signal photon.
  • the frequency, the same direction, and the same polarized photons realize the amplification of the signal light.
  • the pump laser is a device with a relatively high failure rate. Failure of the pump laser may cause the erbium-doped fiber to fail to operate normally, resulting in communication interruption.
  • a pump redundancy protection method is usually used, and a redundant pump laser is used to prevent the single pump laser from failing and the communication of the entire network is interrupted.
  • two pump lasers are provided in two optical fibers, and a 2 ⁇ 2 structure fiber coupler is used between the wavelength division multiplexer and the pump laser, and each pump is used.
  • the laser provides half the pump energy for each of the two amplifiers.
  • the other pump laser can still supply energy to the erbium-doped fiber in the two fibers, ensuring that fiber communication is not interrupted.
  • a two-pump laser is coupled together using a polarization combiner (PBC) and then connected to a wavelength division multiplexer.
  • PBC polarization combiner
  • a fiber splitter and a fiber coupler are respectively disposed in two optical fibers, and the pump laser passes through
  • the optical fiber splitter is divided into two sub-pumped lasers, and the sub-pump laser of one pump laser and the sub-pump laser of the other pump laser are coupled together by a fiber coupler for exciting the fiber coupler.
  • the coupled pump laser contains the output power of each of the two pump lasers.
  • the 2 X 2 structure fiber coupler used is a single point of failure.
  • the coupler fails, the pump lasers input to the two fiber amplifiers are simultaneously interrupted, causing interruption of the two fiber communication.
  • the prior art three it is difficult to couple the two-way pump lasers, and there are usually three coupling methods:
  • the first one uses a polarization combiner to combine the waves, but in this method, the optical fiber splitter must be The polarization-maintaining fiber splitter is technically difficult to implement; in addition, there is a problem that the polarization combiner has large coupling loss and high failure rate.
  • the second method uses a coupler to combine the waves, but the combined wave produces a large loss, which wastes at least 50% of the pump energy.
  • the third is to use a wavelength division multiplexer to combine the waves.
  • the premise is that the wavelengths of the two pump lasers are different. Since the bandwidth of the pump laser is narrow, the multiplexing is difficult, and a large coupling loss is also generated.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for pump redundancy protection, where the system includes:
  • the first optical fiber comprises a first erbium doped fiber, a first fiber splitter, and a first wavelength division multiplexer
  • the second optical fiber includes a second erbium doped fiber, a second fiber splitter, and a second wavelength division multiplexer
  • the first fiber splitter is configured to receive a first pump laser input by the first pump laser, and divide the first pump laser into a first pump laser and a second pump laser Transmitting the first sub-pumped laser to the first erbium-doped fiber, and inputting the second sub-pumped laser to the second wavelength division multiplexer;
  • the second fiber splitter is configured to receive a second pump laser input by the second pump laser, and divide the second pump laser into a third pump laser and a fourth pump laser Transmitting the third sub-pumped laser to the second erbium-doped fiber, and inputting the fourth sub-pumped laser to the first wavelength division multiplexer;
  • the first wavelength division multiplexer is configured to receive the fourth sub-pump laser input by the second fiber optic splitter, and input the fourth sub-pump laser to the first erbium Optical fiber
  • the second wavelength division multiplexer is configured to receive the second sub-pump laser input by the first fiber optic splitter, and The second divided pump laser is input to the second erbium doped fiber.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a method for pump redundancy protection, the method comprising:
  • the two pump lasers are mutually redundant by a fiber splitter and a wavelength division multiplexer which are properly arranged in two optical fibers, so that when one pump laser fails, another pump can be passed.
  • the Pu laser supplies pump lasers for two erbium-doped fibers.
  • the two fiber amplifiers still maintain a certain amplification function, which realizes the function of pump redundancy protection and improves the reliability of the fiber amplifier system.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural view of a prior art erbium doped fiber amplifier
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a pump redundantly protected optical fiber amplifier of the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a pump redundantly protected optical fiber amplifier of the prior art 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a system of a first type of pump redundancy protection according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a system of a second type of pump redundancy protection according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the function of the optical fiber splitter when the signal light is forwardly transmitted according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the function of the optical fiber splitter when the signal light is reversely transmitted according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • 9 is a system structural diagram of pump redundancy protection provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a flow chart showing a method of pump redundancy protection according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart of a method of pump redundancy protection according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a system for pump redundancy protection.
  • a first optical fiber 501, a second optical fiber 502, a first pump laser 503, and a second pump laser 504 are included.
  • the first optical fiber 501 includes: a first optical fiber splitter 505, a first wavelength division multiplexer 506, and a first erbium-doped optical fiber 509
  • the second optical fiber 502 includes: a second optical fiber splitter 507, The second wavelength division multiplexer 508 and the second erbium doped fiber 510.
  • the first pump laser 503 and the second pump laser 504 are mutually redundant, both providing excitation energy for the first erbium doped fiber 509 and the second erbium doped fiber 510.
  • the first fiber splitter 505 is connected to the first pump laser 503, the first erbium doped fiber 509 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 508 on the first optical fiber, and the first wavelength division multiplexing
  • the device 506 is connected to the second fiber splitter 507, the first erbium doped fiber 509 on the first fiber; the second fiber splitter 507 and the second pump laser 504, and the second erbium on the second fiber.
  • the fiber 510 is coupled to a first wavelength division multiplexer 506 that is coupled to the first fiber splitter 505 and the second erbium fiber 510 on the second fiber.
  • a first fiber splitter 505 configured to receive a first pump laser input by the first pump laser 503, and divide the first pump laser into a first pump laser and a second pump laser,
  • the sub-pump laser is input to the first erbium doped fiber 509, and the second sub-pump laser is input to the second wavelength division multiplexer 508;
  • a second fiber splitter 507 configured to receive a second pump laser input by the second pump laser 504, and divide the second pump laser into a third pump laser and a fourth pump laser, and to The sub-pumped laser is input to the second erbium doped fiber 510, and the fourth sub-pumped laser is input to the first wavelength division multiplexer 506;
  • the first wavelength division multiplexer 506 is configured to receive the fourth sub-pump laser input by the second fiber splitter 507, and input the fourth sub-pump laser to the first erbium doped fiber 509;
  • the second wavelength division multiplexer 508 is configured to receive the second sub-pump laser input from the first fiber optic splitter 505 and input the second sub-pump laser into the second erbium doped fiber 510.
  • the specific positions of the first optical fiber splitter 505 and the first wavelength division multiplexer 506 can be configured in two ways, but the prerequisites are: In one optical fiber 501, the positions of the first fiber splitter 505 and the first wavelength division multiplexer 506 are located in front of the isolator and the gain flattening filter in the transmission direction to prevent noise light from being generated at the output end of the signal light; At the same time, the positions of the first fiber splitter 505 and the first wavelength division multiplexer 506 are divided.
  • the first fiber splitter 505 and the first wavelength division multiplexer 506 are disposed in the first path fiber 501 at a position: the first fiber splitter 505 is adjacent to the input end, and the second The wavelength division multiplexer 508 is adjacent to the output; or the first fiber splitter 505 is adjacent to the output, and the second wavelength division multiplexer 508 is adjacent to the input.
  • the two setup methods have essentially the same effect on exciting the erbium doped fiber.
  • the specific positions of the second optical fiber splitter 507 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 508 are set in the same manner, and will not be described again.
  • the system structure of the present invention can be:
  • the structure of the first pump redundancy protection system of the present embodiment In the first optical fiber 501, the first optical fiber splitter 505 is disposed adjacent to the input end, and the first wavelength division multiplexer 506 is adjacent to the output end; in the second optical fiber 502, the second optical fiber splitter 507 is disposed adjacent to the output. End, the second wavelength division multiplexer 508 is near the input.
  • the structure of the second pump redundancy protection system of the present embodiment In the first optical fiber 501, the first optical fiber splitter 505 is disposed adjacent to the input end, and the first wavelength division multiplexer 506 is adjacent to the output end; in the second optical fiber 502, the second optical fiber splitter 507 is disposed adjacent to the input. End, the second wavelength division multiplexer 508 is close to the output.
  • the optical fiber splitter is a 4-port device having two input terminals and two output terminals.
  • the signal light forward transmission is taken as an example for description, and the signal light input port is P1.
  • the pump laser input port is P4, P2 and P3 are two output ports.
  • the signal light and the separated one-way pump laser are output through the P2 port, and the other sub-pump laser is output through the P3 port.
  • the signal light is also separated by the fiber splitter, that is, part of the signal light is separated and output from the P4 port.
  • the schematic diagram of the reverse transmission of the signal light is shown in Fig. 8. The principle is the same as the forward transmission, and will not be described again.
  • the optical fiber splitter should satisfy the following conditions as follows: When receiving the signal light in the optical fiber, the signal light is not separated, and the signal light is directly output. In the original fiber. When the pump laser is received, the pump laser is separated and output, and when the pump laser is separated, the power of the separated two-way pump lasers should be equal or close, that is, the sub-pumped laser and the original The power ratio of the pump laser is within a preset range, such as in the range of 40% to 60%.
  • the fiber splitter adopts the fiber fusion taper technology; the appropriate signal light and the wavelength of the pump laser are selected.
  • the fiber splitter when the wavelength of the input light is close At 1550 nm, the input light is basically not Under the influence of the fiber splitter, most of the light will be input into the original fiber after passing through the fiber splitter; when the wavelength of the input light is close to 980 nm, the fiber splitter will be separated into two equal or close powers.
  • the sub-laser when the wavelength of the input light is close At 1550 nm, the input light is basically not Under the influence of the fiber splitter, most of the light will be input into the original fiber after passing through the fiber splitter; when the wavelength of the input light is close to 980 nm, the fiber splitter will be separated into two equal or close powers. The sub-laser.
  • the fiber splitter is realized by the fiber fusion taper technology, and when the signal light wavelength is close to 1550 nm and the pump laser wavelength is close to 980 nm, the above condition can be satisfied, that is, the absolute value of the difference between the wavelength value of the signal light and 1550 nm.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the wavelength value of the pump laser and the 980 nm is less than a preset value.
  • the preset value may be 10 nm.
  • the erbium-doped fiber on both optical fibers can receive two pump lasers at the same time.
  • the fiber is input to the erbium-doped fiber after passing through the fiber splitter.
  • the amplified signal light is generated and then transmitted in the optical fiber after passing through the wavelength division multiplexer.
  • the principle of the reverse transmission is the same, and will not be described again.
  • the other pump laser can still provide about half the power of the pumped laser for the erbium-doped fiber on the two fibers, so that the erbium-doped fiber on the two fibers still has A certain signal light amplification capability achieves the purpose of pump redundancy protection.
  • the two pump lasers are mutually redundant by a fiber splitter and a wavelength division multiplexer which are properly arranged in two optical fibers, so that when one pump laser fails, another pump can be passed.
  • the Pu laser supplies pump lasers for two erbium-doped fibers.
  • the two fiber amplifiers still maintain a certain amplification function, which realizes the function of pump redundancy protection and improves the reliability of the fiber amplifier system.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a system for pump redundancy protection.
  • a first optical fiber 901, a second optical fiber 902, a first pump laser 903, and a second pump laser 904 are included.
  • the first optical fiber 901 includes: a first optical fiber splitter 905, a second optical fiber splitter 906, and a first erbium doped optical fiber 909.
  • the second optical fiber 902 includes: a first wavelength division multiplexer 907, a second wavelength division multiplexer 908, and a second erbium doped fiber 910.
  • the first pump laser 903 and the second pump laser 904 are mutually redundant, both providing excitation energy for the first erbium fiber 909 of the first fiber and the second erbium fiber 910 of the second fiber.
  • the first fiber splitter 905 is connected to the first pump laser 903, the first erbium doped fiber 909, and the second wavelength division multiplexer 908, the first wavelength division multiplexer 907 and the second fiber.
  • the splitter 906 and the second erbium doped fiber 910 are connected; the second fiber splitter 906 is connected to the second pump laser 904, the first erbium doped fiber 909 and the first wavelength division multiplexer 907, and the second wave is divided.
  • the consumer 908 is connected to the first fiber splitter 905 and the second erbium doped fiber 910.
  • a first fiber splitter 905 configured to receive a first pump laser input by the first pump laser 903, and divide the first pump laser into a first pump laser and a second pump laser, The pump laser is input to the first erbium doped fiber 909, Inputting the second partial pump laser to the second wavelength division multiplexer 908;
  • a second fiber splitter 906 configured to receive a second pump laser input by the second pump laser 904, and divide the second pump laser into a third pump laser and a fourth pump laser, and the third The sub-pumped laser is input to the first erbium-doped fiber 909, and the fourth sub-pumped laser is input to the first wavelength division multiplexer 907;
  • the first wavelength division multiplexer 907 is configured to receive the fourth sub-pump laser input by the second fiber splitter 906, and input the fourth sub-pump laser to the second erbium doped fiber 910;
  • the second wavelength division multiplexer 908 is configured to receive the second partial pump laser input by the first fiber splitter 905, and input the second partial pump laser to the second erbium doped fiber 910.
  • the positions of the first optical fiber splitter 905 and the second optical fiber splitter 906 are located in front of the isolator and the gain flattening filter in the transmission direction to prevent the signal light.
  • the output produces noise light;
  • the first fiber splitter 905 and the second fiber splitter 906 are positioned at both ends of the erbium-doped fiber to ensure that the two-way pump lasers are respectively input to both sides of the erbium-doped fiber.
  • the two-way pump laser is input on the same side of the erbium-doped fiber, the coupling of the pump laser is required first.
  • the setting methods of the specific positions of the first wavelength division multiplexer 907 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 908 are the same, and will not be described again.
  • the optical fiber splitter is a 4-port device, wherein two ports are connected to the optical fiber, and signal light is input from one of the ports and outputted from the other port.
  • the pump laser is input to the fiber splitter, it is separated into two divided pump lasers and output.
  • the optical fiber splitter receives the signal light in the optical fiber, the signal light is not separated, and the signal light is directly outputted in the original optical fiber.
  • the pump laser is received, the pump laser is separated and output, and when the pump laser is separated, the power of the separated two-channel pump lasers should be equal or close, that is, the pump laser and the original
  • the power ratio of the pump laser is within a preset range, such as in the range of 40% to 60%.
  • the fiber splitter is realized by a fiber fusion taper technology, and the wavelength of the signal light is selected to be close to 1550 nm, and the wavelength of the pump laser is close to 980 nm.
  • the two pump lasers are mutually redundant by a fiber splitter and a wavelength division multiplexer which are properly arranged in two optical fibers, so that when one pump laser fails, another pump can be passed.
  • the Pu laser supplies pump lasers for two erbium-doped fibers.
  • the two fiber amplifiers still maintain a certain amplification function, which realizes the function of pump redundancy protection and improves the reliability of the fiber amplifier system.
  • Example 3 An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for pump redundancy protection.
  • the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber using an erbium-doped optical fiber are taken as an example. As shown in FIG. 10, the method includes:
  • 1001 dividing the first pump laser into a first pump laser and a second pump laser, inputting the first pump laser into the first erbium fiber on the first fiber, and pumping the second pump The laser is input to the second erbium-doped fiber on the second optical fiber after passing through the second wavelength division multiplexer.
  • 1001 and 1002 can be performed simultaneously, either simultaneously or simultaneously.
  • the first fiber splitter and the first wavelength division multiplexer are disposed in the first optical fiber
  • the second optical fiber splitter and the second wave splitting are disposed in the second optical fiber.
  • the first fiber optic splitter Receiving, by the first fiber optic splitter, the first pump laser input by the first pump laser, dividing the first pump laser into a first sub-pump laser and a second sub-pump laser, the first sub
  • the pump laser is input to the erbium-doped fiber on the first optical fiber
  • the second sub-pumped laser is input to the erbium-doped fiber on the second optical fiber through the second wavelength division multiplexer
  • the road device receives the second pump laser input by the second pump laser, and divides the second pump laser into a third sub-pump laser and a fourth sub-pump laser, and inputs the third sub-pump laser to
  • the erbium-doped fiber on the second optical fiber is input to the erbium-doped fiber on the first optical fiber through the first wavelength division multiplexer.
  • the first fiber splitter and the first wavelength division multiplexer are respectively on both sides of the first erbium-doped fiber; the second fiber splitter and the second wavelength division multiplexer are respectively in the second erbium-doped fiber On both sides.
  • the optical fiber splitter when the optical fiber splitter is disposed in the optical fiber, the following conditions should be met as follows: When the optical fiber splitter receives the signal light in the optical fiber, the signal light is not separated, and the signal light is directly outputted in the original optical fiber. . When the pump laser is received, the pump laser is separated and output, and when the pump laser is separated, the power of the separated two pump lasers should be equal or close, that is, the sub-pump laser and The power ratio of the original pump laser is within a preset range, such as in the range of 40% to 60%.
  • the fiber splitter is realized by a fiber fusion taper technology, and the wavelength of the signal light is selected to be close to 1550 nm, and the wavelength of the pump laser is close to 980 nm. That is, the absolute value of the difference between the wavelength value of the signal light and the 1550 nm is less than the preset value, and the absolute value of the difference between the wavelength value of the pump laser and the 980 nm is less than a preset value.
  • the preset value may be 10 nm.
  • the two pump lasers are mutually redundant by a fiber splitter and a wavelength division multiplexer which are properly arranged in two optical fibers, so that when one pump laser fails, another pump can be passed.
  • the Pu laser supplies pump lasers for two erbium-doped fibers.
  • the two fiber amplifiers still maintain a certain amplification function, which realizes the function of pump redundancy protection and improves the reliability of the fiber amplifier system.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for pump redundancy protection.
  • the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber using an erbium-doped optical fiber are taken as an example. As shown in FIG. 11, the method includes:
  • the first fiber splitter receives the first pump laser input by the first pump laser, and divides the first pump laser into a first pump laser and a second pump laser, and the first pump The laser is input to the first erbium-doped fiber on the first optical fiber, and the second sub-pumped laser is input to the second erbium-doped fiber on the second optical fiber through the second wavelength division multiplexer;
  • the second fiber splitter receives the second pump laser input by the second pump laser, and divides the second pump laser into a third pump laser and a fourth pump laser, and the third The sub-pumped laser is input to the first erbium-doped fiber, and the fourth sub-pumped laser is input to the second erbium-doped fiber through the first wavelength division multiplexer.
  • 1101 and 1102 can be performed simultaneously, either simultaneously or simultaneously.
  • a first fiber splitter and a second fiber splitter are disposed in the first optical fiber, and the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wave splitting are disposed in the second optical fiber.
  • the first fiber optic splitter Receiving, by the first fiber optic splitter, the first pump laser input by the first pump laser, dividing the first pump laser into a first sub-pump laser and a second sub-pump laser, the first sub
  • the pump laser is input to the erbium-doped fiber on the first optical fiber
  • the second sub-pumped laser is input to the erbium-doped fiber on the second optical fiber through the second wavelength division multiplexer
  • the road device receives the second pump laser input by the second pump laser, and divides the second pump laser into a third sub-pump laser and a fourth sub-pump laser, and inputs the third sub-pump laser to
  • the erbium-doped fiber on the first optical fiber is input to the erbium-doped fiber on the second optical fiber through the first wavelength division multiplexer.
  • first fiber splitter and the second fiber splitter are on both sides of the first erbium-doped fiber; the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer are in the second erbium-doped fiber side.
  • the optical fiber splitter when the optical fiber splitter is disposed in the optical fiber, the following conditions should be met as follows: When the optical fiber splitter receives the signal light in the optical fiber, the signal light is not separated, and the signal light is directly outputted in the original optical fiber. . Receiving pump laser When the pump laser is separated and output, and the pump laser is separated, the power of the separated two pump lasers should be equal or close, that is, the power of the pump laser and the original pump laser. The ratio is within a preset range, such as in the range of 40% to 60%.
  • the fiber splitter is realized by a fiber fusion taper technology, and the wavelength of the signal light is selected to be close to 1550 nm, and the wavelength of the pump laser is close to 980 nm.
  • the two pump lasers are mutually redundant by a fiber splitter and a wavelength division multiplexer which are properly arranged in two optical fibers, so that when one pump laser fails, another pump can be passed.
  • the Pu laser supplies pump lasers for two erbium-doped fibers.
  • the two fiber amplifiers still maintain a certain amplification function, which realizes the function of pump redundancy protection and improves the reliability of the fiber amplifier system.

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Description

泵浦冗余保护的系统和方法
本申请要求于 2008年 11月 25日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810227195.8、发明名称 为 "泵浦冗余保护的系统和方法" 的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本 申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及光通信领域， 特别涉说及一种泵浦冗余保护的系统和方法。 背景技术
在光纤通信系统中应用比较成熟的光纤放大器为掺铒光纤放大器 (EDFA， Erbium-Doped
Fiber Ampl ifier) , 如图 1所示， 掺铒光纤放大器正常工作至少需要泵浦激光器、 波分复用器 书
(WDM, Wavelength Division Multiplexing) 禾口掺钾光纤 (EDF, Erbium-Doped Fiber) 这 三个器件。 其中， 泵浦激光器的作用是给增益介质提供激励能源， 在掺铒光纤放大器中常使 用到 980nm波段和 1480nm波段的泵浦激光器。波分复用器通常是一个三端口器件， 它的作用是 把泵浦激光和信号光耦合到同一根光纤中进行传输。掺铒光纤是掺铒光纤放大器的增益介质， 它吸收泵浦激光后其中的铒离子会跃迁到激发态， 当信号光光子经过掺铒光纤时就会发生受 激辐射， 产生与信号光光子同频率、 同方向、 同偏振的光子， 实现信号光的放大。
在光纤放大器构成的通信系统中， 泵浦激光器是失效率比较高的器件， 泵浦激光器失效 会造成掺铒光纤无法正常工作， 导致通信中断。 为解决此问题， 通常采用泵浦冗余保护的方 法， 使用冗余的泵浦激光器以防止单个泵浦激光器失效而造成整个网络的通信中断。
现有技术中的泵浦冗余保护的设计方法有三种：
现有技术一， 如图 2所示， 为两路光纤中配备两个泵浦激光器， 在波分复用器与泵浦激光 器之间使用一个 2 X 2结构的光纤耦合器， 每个泵浦激光器分别为两路放大器各提供一半的泵 浦能量。 当其中一个泵浦激光器失效时， 另一个泵浦激光器仍然能为两路光纤中的掺铒光纤 提供能量， 可以保证光纤通信不会中断。
现有技术二， 如图 3所示， 采用一个偏振合束器 （PBC， Polorization beam combiner) 将两路泵浦激光耦合到一起， 然后连接到波分复用器。 当其中一个泵浦激光器失效时， 仍然 有一半功率的泵浦激光输入掺铒光纤， 使掺铒光纤保持一定的放大能力。
现有技术三， 如图 4所示， 分别在两路光纤中设置光纤分路器和光纤耦合器， 泵浦激光经 过光纤分路器被分为两路分泵浦激光， 通过光纤耦合器将一路泵浦激光器的分泵浦激光和另 一路泵浦激光器的分泵浦激光耦合在一起， 用于激励光纤耦合器所在光纤的掺铒光纤。 耦合 的泵浦激光包含两个泵浦激光器各一半的输出功率。
在对现有技术进行研究后， 发明人发现：
现有技术一中， 使用的 2 X 2结构的光纤耦合器是一个单点故障点， 当该耦合器失效时， 输入两路光纤放大器的泵浦激光同时中断， 造成两路光纤通信的中断。
现有技术二中， 两个泵浦激光器只能为一路光纤的放大器提供能量， 成本较高， 同时偏 振合束器技术还不够成熟， 在实际应用中失效率较高， 器件损耗也比较大。
现有技术三中， 对两路分泵浦激光进行耦合比较困难， 通常有三种耦合方法： 第一种是 采用偏振合束器合波， 但在这种方法中， 要求光纤分路器必须是保偏的光纤分路器， 技术实 现难度大； 此外还存在偏振合束器耦合损耗大， 失效率高的问题。 第二种方法是采用耦合器 合波， 但合波产生的损耗大， 至少浪费 50 %的泵浦能量。 第三种是采用波分复用器合波， 前 提是要求两路泵浦激光的波长不同， 由于泵浦激光的波段带宽很窄， 合波难度大， 同时也会 产生比较大的耦合损耗。
发明内容
为了使提高光纤传输设备的可靠性， 本发明实施例提供了一种泵浦冗余保护的系统， 所 述系统包括：
第一路光纤、 第二路光纤、 第一泵浦激光器和第二泵浦激光器， 所述第一路光纤包括第 一掺铒光纤、 第一光纤分路器和第一波分复用器， 所述第二路光纤包括第二掺铒光纤、 第二 光纤分路器和第二波分复用器；
所述第一光纤分路器， 用于接收所述第一泵浦激光器输入的第一泵浦激光， 将所述第一 泵浦激光分为第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光， 将所述第一分泵浦激光输入到所述第一掺 铒光纤， 将所述第二分泵浦激光输入到所述第二波分复用器；
所述第二光纤分路器， 用于接收所述第二泵浦激光器输入的第二泵浦激光， 将所述第二 泵浦激光分为第三分泵浦激光和第四分泵浦激光， 将所述第三分泵浦激光输入到所述第二掺 铒光纤， 将所述第四分泵浦激光输入到所述第一波分复用器；
所述第一波分复用器， 用于接收所述第二光纤分路器输入的所述第四分泵浦激光， 并将 所述第四分泵浦激光输入到所述第一掺铒光纤；
所述第二波分复用器， 用于接收所述第一光纤分路器输入的所述第二分泵浦激光， 并将 所述第二分泵浦激光输入到所述第二掺铒光纤。
本发明实施例还提供了一种泵浦冗余保护的方法， 所述方法包括：
将第一泵浦激光分为第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光， 将所述第一分泵浦激光输入到 第一路光纤上的第一掺铒光纤， 将所述第二分泵浦激光经第二波分复用器输入到第二路光纤 上的第二掺铒光纤；
将第二泵浦激光分为第三分泵浦激光和第四分泵浦激光， 将所述第三分泵浦激光输入到 所述第二掺铒光纤， 将所述第四分泵浦激光经第一波分复用器输入到所述第一掺铒光纤。
本发明实施例通过在两路光纤中合理的设置的光纤分路器和波分复用器， 将两路泵浦激 光互为冗余， 使得当一个泵浦激光器失效时， 可以通过另一个泵浦激光器为两个掺铒光纤提 供泵浦激光， 两个光纤放大器仍然能保持一定的放大功能， 实现了泵浦冗余保护的功能， 提 高了光纤放大系统的可靠性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案， 下面将对实施例或现有技术 描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的 一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据 这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1是现有技术的掺铒光纤放大器的的结构图；
图 2是现有技术一的泵浦冗余保护的光纤放大器的结构图；
图 3是现有技术二的泵浦冗余保护的光纤放大器的结构图；
图 4是现有技术三的泵浦冗余保护的光纤放大器的结构图；
图 5是本发明实施例 1提供的第一种泵浦冗余保护的系统结构图；
图 6是本发明实施例 1提供的第二种泵浦冗余保护的系统结构图；
图 7是本发明实施例 1提供的信号光正向传输时的光纤分路器的功能示意图； 图 8是本发明实施例 1提供的信号光反向传输时的光纤分路器的功能示意图； 图 9是本发明实施例 2提供的泵浦冗余保护的系统结构图；
图 10是本发明实施例 3提供的泵浦冗余保护的方法的流程图；
图 11是本发明实施例 4提供的泵浦冗余保护的方法的流程图。 具体实施方式 为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚， 下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进 一步地详细描述。 显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其 他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例 1
本发明实施例提供了一种泵浦冗余保护的系统， 参见图 5， 包括第一路光纤 501、第二路 光纤 502、 第一泵浦激光器 503和第二泵浦激光器 504。
其中， 第一路光纤 501 中包括： 第一光纤分路器 505、 第一波分复用器 506和第一掺铒 光纤 509， 第二路光纤 502中包括： 第二光纤分路器 507、第二波分复用器 508和第二掺铒光 纤 510。 第一泵浦激光器 503和第二泵浦激光器 504互为冗余， 都为第一掺铒光纤 509和第 二掺铒光纤 510提供激励能量。
在本实施例中， 第一光纤分路器 505与第一泵浦激光器 503、 第一路光纤上的第一掺铒 光纤 509和第二波分复用器 508相连， 第一波分复用器 506与第二光纤分路器 507、 第一路 光纤上的第一掺铒光纤 509相连； 第二光纤分路器 507与第二泵浦激光器 504、 第二路光纤 上的第二掺铒光纤 510和第一波分复用器 506相连， 第二波分复用器 508与第一光纤分路器 505、 第二路光纤上的第二掺铒光纤 510相连。
第一光纤分路器 505， 用于接收第一泵浦激光器 503输入的第一泵浦激光， 将第一泵浦 激光分为第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光， 将第一分泵浦激光输入到第一掺铒光纤 509， 将第二分泵浦激光输入到第二波分复用器 508 ;
第二光纤分路器 507， 用于接收第二泵浦激光器 504输入的第二泵浦激光， 将第二泵浦 激光分为第三分泵浦激光和第四分泵浦激光， 将第三分泵浦激光输入到第二掺铒光纤 510， 将第四分泵浦激光输入到第一波分复用器 506 ;
第一波分复用器 506， 用于接收第二光纤分路器 507输入的第四分泵浦激光， 并将第四 分泵浦激光输入到第一掺铒光纤 509 ;
第二波分复用器 508， 用于接收第一光纤分路器 505输入的第二分泵浦激光， 并将第二 分泵浦激光输入到第二掺铒光纤 510。
在本实施例中， 在第一路光纤 501中， 第一光纤分路器 505和第一波分复用器 506的具 体位置可以有两种设置方法， 但需满足的前提条件为： 在第一路光纤 501中， 第一光纤分路 器 505和第一波分复用器 506的位置在传输方向上位于隔离器和增益平坦滤波器之前， 以防 止在信号光的输出端产生噪声光； 同时第一光纤分路器 505和第一波分复用器 506的位置分 别在掺铒光纤的两端， 以确保两路分泵浦激光分别在掺铒光纤的两侧输入到掺铒光纤中， 因 为两路分泵浦激光在掺铒光纤同一侧输入时， 需要先进行泵浦激光的耦合。
在满足了上述前提条件后，第一光纤分路器 505和第一波分复用器 506在第一路光纤 501 中设置的位置可以为： 第一光纤分路器 505靠近输入端， 第二波分复用器 508靠近输出端； 或者第一光纤分路器 505靠近输出端， 第二波分复用器 508靠近输入端。 两种设置的方法对 激励掺铒光纤的效果基本相同。
在第二路光纤 502中， 第二光纤分路器 507和第二波分复用器 508的具体位置的设置方 法与此相同， 不再赘述。
因此在满足上述前提条件的情况下， 本发明的系统结构可以为：
( 1 )参见图 5为本实施例的第一种泵浦冗余保护系统的结构。在第一路光纤 501中， 设 置第一光纤分路器 505靠近输入端， 第一波分复用器 506靠近输出端； 在第二路光纤 502中， 设置第二光纤分路器 507靠近输出端， 第二波分复用器 508靠近输入端。
( 2 )参见图 6为本实施例的第二种泵浦冗余保护系统的结构。在第一路光纤 501中， 设 置第一光纤分路器 505靠近输入端， 第一波分复用器 506靠近输出端； 在第二路光纤 502中， 设置第二光纤分路器 507靠近输入端， 第二波分复用器 508靠近输出端。
在本实施例中， 光纤分路器为一种 4端口器件， 具有两个输入端和两个输出端， 参见图 7， 以信号光正向传输为例进行说明， 信号光输入的端口为 Pl， 泵浦激光输入的端口的为 P4， P2和 P3为两个输出端口， 理想情况下， 信号光和分离的一路分泵浦激光通过 P2端口输出， 另一路分泵浦激光通过 P3端口输出。但在现实情况下， 有可能发生信号光也被光纤分路器分 离的现象， 即部分信号光被分离后从 P4端口输出。 信号光反向传输时的示意图如图 8所示， 原理与正向传输相同， 不再赘述。
因此， 在光纤中设置光纤分路器时， 为提高信号光传输的性能， 光纤分路器应尽量满足 如下条件： 当收到光纤中的信号光时， 不分离信号光， 直接将信号光输出在原光纤中。 在接 收到泵浦激光时， 将泵浦激光进行分离后输出， 并且在分离泵浦激光时， 应尽量使分离出的 两路分泵浦激光的功率相等或接近， 即分泵浦激光与原泵浦激光的功率比值在预设范围内， 比如在 40%至 60%的范围内。
具体的， 可以采取如下措施： 光纤分路器采用光纤熔融拉锥技术； 选择合适的信号光和 泵浦激光的波长。
按照熔融拉锥耦合的原理， 当熔锥区纤心半径、 熔锥区纤芯间距、 纤芯折射率分别满足 一定的条件时， 可使得： 在光纤分路器中， 当输入光的波长接近 1550nm时， 则输入光基本不 受光纤分路器的影响， 经过光纤分路器后， 大部分光会被输入到原光纤中； 当输入光的波长 接近 980nm时， 经过光纤分路器会被分离为两路功率相等或接近的分激光。
因此， 将光纤分路器采用光纤熔融拉锥技术实现， 并选择信号光波长接近 1550nm、 泵浦 激光波长接近 980nm时， 可以满足上述条件， 即信号光的波长值与 1550nm的差值的绝对值小 于预设值， 泵浦激光的波长值与 980nm的差值的绝对值小于预设值， 优选的， 该预设值可以 为 10nm。
参见图 5， 在本实施例中， 两路光纤上的掺铒光纤都可以同时接收两路分泵浦激光， 信 号光在光纤中正向传输时， 经过光纤分路器后， 输入到掺铒光纤中生成放大的信号光， 再经 过波分复用器后继续在光纤中传输， 反向传输时原理于此相同， 不再赘述。 当两个泵浦激光 器中的一个发生故障时， 另一泵浦激光器仍然能为两路光纤上的掺铒光纤提供约一半功率的 分泵浦激光， 使两路光纤上的掺铒光纤仍然具有一定的信号光放大能力， 实现了泵浦冗余保 护的目的。
本发明实施例通过在两路光纤中合理的设置的光纤分路器和波分复用器， 将两路泵浦激 光互为冗余， 使得当一个泵浦激光器失效时， 可以通过另一个泵浦激光器为两个掺铒光纤提 供泵浦激光， 两个光纤放大器仍然能保持一定的放大功能， 实现了泵浦冗余保护的功能， 提 高了光纤放大系统的可靠性。 实施例 2
本发明实施例提供了一种泵浦冗余保护的系统， 参见图 9， 包括第一路光纤 901、第二光 纤 902、 第一泵浦激光器 903和第二泵浦激光器 904。
其中， 第一路光纤 901 中包括： 第一光纤分路器 905、 第二光纤分路器 906和第一掺铒 光纤 909。第二路光纤 902中包括： 第一波分复用器 907、第二波分复用器 908和第二掺铒光 纤 910。 第一泵浦激光器 903和第二泵浦激光器 904互为冗余， 都为第一路光纤中的第一掺 铒光纤 909和第二光纤中的第二掺铒光纤 910提供激励能量。
在本实施例中， 第一光纤分路器 905与第一泵浦激光器 903、 第一掺铒光纤 909和第二 波分复用器 908相连， 第一波分复用器 907与第二光纤分路器 906、 第二掺铒光纤 910相连； 第二光纤分路器 906与第二泵浦激光器 904、 第一掺铒光纤 909和第一波分复用器 907相连， 第二波分复用器 908与第一光纤分路器 905、 第二掺铒光纤 910相连。
第一光纤分路器 905， 用于接收第一泵浦激光器 903输入的第一泵浦激光， 将第一泵浦 激光分为第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光， 将第一分泵浦激光输入到第一掺铒光纤 909， 将第二分泵浦激光输入到第二波分复用器 908;
第二光纤分路器 906， 用于接收第二泵浦激光器 904输入的第二泵浦激光， 将第二泵浦 激光分为第三分泵浦激光和第四分泵浦激光， 将第三分泵浦激光输入到第一掺铒光纤 909， 将第四分泵浦激光输入到第一波分复用器 907;
第一波分复用器 907， 用于接收第二光纤分路器 906输入的第四分泵浦激光， 并将第四 分泵浦激光输入到第二掺铒光纤 910;
第二波分复用器 908， 用于接收第一光纤分路器 905输入的第二分泵浦激光， 并将第二 分泵浦激光输入到第二掺铒光纤 910。
在本实施例中， 在第一路光纤 901中， 第一光纤分路器 905和第二光纤分路器 906的位 置在传输方向上位于隔离器和增益平坦滤波器之前， 以防止在信号光输出端产生噪声光； 同 时第一光纤分路器 905和第二光纤分路器 906的位置在掺铒光纤的两端， 以确保两路分泵浦 激光分别在掺铒光纤的两侧输入到掺铒光纤中， 因为两路分泵浦激光在掺铒光纤同一侧输入 时， 需要先进行泵浦激光的耦合。
在第二路光纤 902中， 第一波分复用器 907和第二波分复用器 908的具体位置的设置方 法与此相同， 不再赘述。
进一步的， 在本实施例中， 光纤分路器为一种 4端口器件， 其中的两个端口与光纤相连， 信号光从其中的一个端口输入后， 从另一个端口输出。 泵浦激光输入到光纤分路器时， 被分 离为两路分泵浦激光后输出。
因此， 在光纤中设置光纤分路器时， 应尽量满足如下条件： 当光纤分路器接收到光纤中 的信号光时， 不分离信号光， 直接将信号光输出在原光纤中。 在接收到泵浦激光时， 将泵浦 激光进行分离后输出， 并且在分离泵浦激光时， 应尽量使分离出的两路分泵浦激光的功率相 等或接近，即分泵浦激光与原泵浦激光的功率比值在预设范围内，比如在 40%至 60%的范围内。
具体的， 可以采取如下措施： 光纤分路器采用光纤熔融拉锥技术实现， 并选择信号光的 波长接近 1550nm、 泵浦激光的波长接近 980nm。
本发明实施例通过在两路光纤中合理的设置的光纤分路器和波分复用器， 将两路泵浦激 光互为冗余， 使得当一个泵浦激光器失效时， 可以通过另一个泵浦激光器为两个掺铒光纤提 供泵浦激光， 两个光纤放大器仍然能保持一定的放大功能， 实现了泵浦冗余保护的功能， 提 高了光纤放大系统的可靠性。 实施例 3 本发明实施例提供了一种泵浦冗余保护的方法， 以采用掺铒光纤的第一路光纤和第二路 光纤为例进行说明， 如图 10所示， 该方法包括：
1001： 将第一泵浦激光分为第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光， 将第一分泵浦激光输入 第一路光纤上的第一掺铒光纤， 将第二分泵浦激光经第二波分复用器后输入到第二路光纤上 的第二掺铒光纤。
1002： 将第二泵浦激光分为第三分泵浦激光和第四分泵浦激光， 将第三分泵浦激光输入 第二掺铒光纤， 将第四分泵浦激光经第一波分复用器后输入到第一掺铒光纤。
1001和 1002不分先后， 也可同时进行。
具体的， 在本实施例中， 在第一路光纤中设置第一光纤分路器和第一波分复用器， 在第 二路光纤中设置第二光纤分路器和第二波分复用器。 将该第一光纤分路器与该第一泵浦激光 器、 第一掺铒光纤和第二波分复用器相连， 将该第一波分复用器与该第二光纤分路器、 第一 掺铒光纤相连； 将该第二光纤分路器与第二泵浦激光器、 第二掺铒光纤和第一波分复用器相 连， 将该第二波分复用器与该第一光纤分路器、 第二掺铒光纤相连。
由第一光纤分路器接收该第一泵浦激光器输入的第一泵浦激光， 将该第一泵浦激光分为 第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光， 将该第一分泵浦激光输入到第一路光纤上的掺铒光纤， 将该第二分泵浦激光经该第二波分复用器后输入到第二路光纤上的掺铒光纤； 由第二光纤分 路器接收该第二泵浦激光器输入的第二泵浦激光， 将该第二泵浦激光分为第三分泵浦激光和 第四分泵浦激光， 将该第三分泵浦激光输入到第二路光纤上的掺铒光纤， 将该第四分泵浦激 光经该第一波分复用器后输入到第一路光纤上的掺铒光纤。
其中， 该第一光纤分路器、 第一波分复用器分别在第一掺铒光纤的两侧； 该第二光纤分 路器、 第二波分复用器分别在第二掺铒光纤的两侧。
在本实施例中， 在光纤中设置光纤分路器时， 应尽量满足如下条件： 当光纤分路器接收 到光纤中的信号光时， 不分离该信号光， 直接将信号光输出在原光纤中。 在接收到泵浦激光 时， 将该泵浦激光进行分离后输出， 并且在分离泵浦激光时， 应尽量使分离出的两路分泵浦 激光的功率相等或接近， 即分泵浦激光与原泵浦激光的功率比值在预设范围内， 比如在 40% 至 60%的范围内。
具体的， 可以采取如下措施： 光纤分路器采用光纤熔融拉锥技术实现， 并选择信号光的 波长接近 1550nm、泵浦激光的波长接近 980nm。 即信号光的波长值与 1550nm的差值的绝对值 小于预设值， 泵浦激光的波长值与 980nm的差值的绝对值小于预设值， 优选的， 该预设值可 以为 10nm。 本发明实施例通过在两路光纤中合理的设置的光纤分路器和波分复用器， 将两路泵浦激 光互为冗余， 使得当一个泵浦激光器失效时， 可以通过另一个泵浦激光器为两个掺铒光纤提 供泵浦激光， 两个光纤放大器仍然能保持一定的放大功能， 实现了泵浦冗余保护的功能， 提 高了光纤放大系统的可靠性。 实施例 4
本发明实施例提供了一种泵浦冗余保护的方法， 以采用掺铒光纤的第一路光纤和第二路 光纤为例进行说明， 如图 11所示， 该方法包括：
1101： 第一光纤分路器接收该第一泵浦激光器输入的第一泵浦激光， 将第一泵浦激光分 为第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光，将第一分泵浦激光输入第一路光纤上的第一掺铒光纤， 将第二分泵浦激光经第二波分复用器后输入到第二路光纤上的第二掺铒光纤；
1102： 第二光纤分路器接收该第二泵浦激光器输入的第二泵浦激光， 将第二泵浦激光分 为第三分泵浦激光和第四分泵浦激光， 将所述第三分泵浦激光输入第一掺铒光纤， 将所述第 四分泵浦激光经第一波分复用器后输入到第二掺铒光纤。
1101和 1102不分先后， 也可同时进行。
具体的， 在本实施例中， 在第一路光纤中设置第一光纤分路器和第二光纤分路器， 在第 二路光纤中设置第一波分复用器和第二波分复用器。 将第一光纤分路器与第一泵浦激光器、 第一掺铒光纤和第二波分复用器相连， 将第一波分复用器与第二光纤分路器、 第二掺铒光纤 相连； 将该第二光纤分路器与第二泵浦激光器、 第一路光纤上的掺铒光纤和第一波分复用器 相连， 将该第二波分复用器与该第一光纤分路器、 第二掺铒光纤相连。
由第一光纤分路器接收该第一泵浦激光器输入的第一泵浦激光， 将该第一泵浦激光分为 第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光， 将该第一分泵浦激光输入到第一路光纤上的掺铒光纤， 将该第二分泵浦激光经该第二波分复用器后输入到第二路光纤上的掺铒光纤； 由第二光纤分 路器接收该第二泵浦激光器输入的第二泵浦激光， 将该第二泵浦激光分为第三分泵浦激光和 第四分泵浦激光， 将该第三分泵浦激光输入到第一路光纤上的掺铒光纤， 将该第四分泵浦激 光经该第一波分复用器后输入到第二路光纤上的掺铒光纤。
其中， 该第一光纤分路器、第二光纤分路器在第一掺铒光纤的两侧； 该第一波分复用器、 第二波分复用器在第二掺铒光纤的两侧。
在本实施例中， 在光纤中设置光纤分路器时， 应尽量满足如下条件： 当光纤分路器接收 到光纤中的信号光时， 不分离该信号光， 直接将信号光输出在原光纤中。 在接收到泵浦激光 时， 将该泵浦激光进行分离后输出， 并且在分离泵浦激光时， 应尽量使分离出的两路分泵浦 激光的功率相等或接近， 即分泵浦激光与原泵浦激光的功率比值在预设范围内， 比如在 40% 至 60%的范围内。
具体的， 可以采取如下措施： 光纤分路器采用光纤熔融拉锥技术实现， 并选择信号光的 波长接近 1550nm、 泵浦激光的波长接近 980nm。
本发明实施例通过在两路光纤中合理的设置的光纤分路器和波分复用器， 将两路泵浦激 光互为冗余， 使得当一个泵浦激光器失效时， 可以通过另一个泵浦激光器为两个掺铒光纤提 供泵浦激光， 两个光纤放大器仍然能保持一定的放大功能， 实现了泵浦冗余保护的功能， 提 高了光纤放大系统的可靠性。 本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序 来指令相关的硬件来完成， 所述程序可以存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中， 所述存储介质 为计算机的软盘、 硬盘或光盘等。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡在本发明的精神和原则之 内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种泵浦冗余保护的系统， 其特征在于， 所述系统包括：
第一路光纤 501、 第二路光纤 502、 第一泵浦激光器 503和第二泵浦激光器 504， 所述第一 路光纤 501包括第一掺铒光纤 509、 第一光纤分路器 505和第一波分复用器 506， 所述第二路光 纤包 502括第二掺铒光纤 510、 第二光纤分路器 507和第二波分复用器 508;
所述第一光纤分路器 505， 用于接收所述第一泵浦激光器 503输入的第一泵浦激光， 将所 述第一泵浦激光分为第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光， 将所述第一分泵浦激光输入到所述 第一掺铒光纤 509， 将所述第二分泵浦激光输入到所述第二波分复用器 508;
所述第二光纤分路器 507， 用于接收所述第二泵浦激光器 504输入的第二泵浦激光， 将所 述第二泵浦激光分为第三分泵浦激光和第四分泵浦激光， 将所述第三分泵浦激光输入到所述 第二掺铒光纤 510， 将所述第四分泵浦激光输入到所述第一波分复用器 506;
所述第一波分复用器 506，用于接收所述第二光纤分路器 507输入的所述第四分泵浦激光， 并将所述第四分泵浦激光输入到所述第一掺铒光纤 509;
所述第二波分复用器 508，用于接收所述第一光纤分路器 505输入的所述第二分泵浦激光， 并将所述第二分泵浦激光输入到所述第二掺铒光纤 510。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的泵浦冗余保护的系统， 其特征在于， 所述第一分泵浦激光与第 一泵浦激光的功率比值大于预设的下限值且小于预设的上限值； 所述第二分泵浦激光与第一 泵浦激光的功率比值大于所述预设的下限值且小于所述预设的上限值；
和， 或，
所述第三分泵浦激光与第二泵浦激光的功率比值大于所述预设的下限值且小于所述预设 的上限值； 所述第四分泵浦激光与第二泵浦激光的功率比值大于所述预设的下限值且小于所 述预设的上限值。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的泵浦冗余保护的系统， 其特征在于，
所述第一光纤分路器 505， 还用于在接收到第一路光纤 501上的第一路信号光时， 直接将 所述第一路信号光输出在所述第一路光纤 501上； 所述第二光纤分路器 507， 还用于在接收到 第二路光纤 502上的第二路信号光时，直接将所述第二路信号光输出在所述第二路光纤 502上。
4、 枏据叔刺耍龙 1所沭的泵浦冗佥保护的系统， J£特征亦干, 所述第一路光纤 501和第二路光纤 502中的泵浦激光的波长值与 980nm的差值的绝对值 小于预设值， 所述第一路光纤 501和第二路光纤 502中的信号光的波长值与 1550nm的差值 的绝对值小于预设值。
5、 一种泵浦冗余保护的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法包括：
将第一泵浦激光分为第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光， 将所述第一分泵浦激光输入到 第一路光纤上的第一掺铒光纤， 将所述第二分泵浦激光经第二波分复用器输入到第二路光纤 上的第二掺铒光纤；
将第二泵浦激光分为第三分泵浦激光和第四分泵浦激光， 将所述第三分泵浦激光输入到 所述第二掺铒光纤， 将所述第四分泵浦激光经第一波分复用器输入到所述第一掺铒光纤。
6、 根据权利要求 4所述的泵浦冗余保护的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一分泵浦激光与第 一泵浦激光的功率比值大于预设的下限值且小于预设的上限值； 所述第二分泵浦激光与第一 泵浦激光的功率比值大于所述预设的下限值且小于所述预设的上限值；
和， 或，
所述第三分泵浦激光与第二泵浦激光的功率比值大于所述预设的下限值且小于所述预设 的上限值； 所述第四分泵浦激光与第二泵浦激光的功率比值大于所述预设的下限值且小于所 述预设的上限值。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的泵浦冗余保护的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 在将第一泵浦激光分为第一分泵浦激光和第二分泵浦激光时， 直接将接收到的第一路光 纤上的信号光输出在所述第一路光纤上；
在将第二泵浦激光分为第三分泵浦激光和第四分泵浦激光时， 直接将接收到的第二路光 纤上的信号光输出在所述第二路光纤上。
8、 根据权利要求 5所述的泵浦冗余保护的方法， 其特征在于， 所述第一路光纤和第二路光纤中的泵浦激光的波长值与 980nm的差值的绝对值小于预设 值， 所述第一路光纤和第二路光纤中的信号光的波长值与 1550nm 的差值的绝对值小于预设 值。
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