[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2010059062A1 - Procédé et appareil pour commander l'écoulement de fluide dans la production de pétrole et/ou de gaz - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour commander l'écoulement de fluide dans la production de pétrole et/ou de gaz Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010059062A1
WO2010059062A1 PCT/NO2009/000394 NO2009000394W WO2010059062A1 WO 2010059062 A1 WO2010059062 A1 WO 2010059062A1 NO 2009000394 W NO2009000394 W NO 2009000394W WO 2010059062 A1 WO2010059062 A1 WO 2010059062A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
valve
accordance
fluid
disc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NO2009/000394
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kjetil Johannessen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Equinor ASA
Original Assignee
Statoil ASA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Statoil ASA filed Critical Statoil ASA
Publication of WO2010059062A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010059062A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/08—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells responsive to flow or pressure of the fluid obtained
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/10—Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems
    • E21B21/103—Down-hole by-pass valve arrangements, i.e. between the inside of the drill string and the annulus
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/32—Preventing gas- or water-coning phenomena, i.e. the formation of a conical column of gas or water around wells
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/001—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by volume variations caused by an element soluble in a fluid or swelling in contact with a fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D7/00—Control of flow
    • G05D7/01—Control of flow without auxiliary power
    • G05D7/0146—Control of flow without auxiliary power the in-line sensing element being a piston or float without flexible member or spring

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for reversible temperature sensitive control of the flow of fluid in oil and/or gas production, involving an autonomous valve operating by the Bernoulli principle.
  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus as respectively stated in the independent claims 1 and 11.
  • the present invention is based on a self adjusting or autonomous valve as disclosed in WO 2008/004875 Al and operating by the Bernoulli principle, belonging to the applicant of the present invention.
  • WO-A-9208875 describes a horizontal production pipe comprising a plurality of production sections connected by mixing chambers having a larger internal diameter than the production sections.
  • the production sections comprise an external slotted liner which can be considered as performing a filtering action.
  • the sequence of sections of different diameter creates flow turbulence and prevent the running of work- over tools.
  • fluids of different qualities i.e. oil, gas, water (and sand) is produced in different amounts and mixtures depending on the property or quality of the formation.
  • known devices are able to distinguish between and control the inflow of oil, gas or water on the basis of their relative composition and/or quality.
  • an inflow control device which is self adjusting or autonomous and can easily be fitted in the wall of a production pipe and which therefore provide for the use of work-over tools.
  • the device is designed to "distinguish" between the oil and/or gas and/or water and is able to control the flow or inflow of oil or gas, depending on which of these fluids such flow control is required.
  • the device as disclosed in WO 20087004875 Al is robust, can withstand large forces and high temperatures, prevents draw dawns (differential pressure), needs no energy supply, can withstand sand production, is reliable, but is still simple and very cheap.
  • the device or valve as disclosed in WO 20087004875 Al is possibly the best option today. Still there might be problems cutting off both water and gas in the same valve. It might also be a problem to cut of water in the case of low viscosity oil. In addition the present invention could provide a slower or even permanent change in the characteristic of the device or valve as disclosed in WO 20087004875 Al. Instability may be a potential problem with said device or valve due to the fast response of the body or disk and the long time constant to the inflow into the screens. Long time delays generally have potential for instability in regulation systems. With the prior art valve as disclosed in WO 20087004875 Al there is also a lack of possibility to permanently seal off a section of the well if only water is produced.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a production pipe with a control device according to WO 20087004875 Al
  • Fig. 2 a shows, in larger scale, a cross section of the control device according
  • WO 20087004875 Al shows the same device in a top view.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the flow volume through a control device according to the invention vs. the differential pressure in comparison with a fixed inflow device
  • Fig. 4 shows the device shown in Fig. 2, but with the indication of different pressure zones influencing the design of the device for different applications.
  • Fig. 5 shows a principal sketch of another embodiment of the control device according to WO 20087004875 Al
  • Fig. 6 shows a principal sketch of a third embodiment of the control device according to WO 20087004875 Al .
  • Fig. 7 shows a principal sketch of a fourth embodiment of the control device according to WO 20087004875 Al
  • Fig. 8 shows a principal sketch of a fifth embodiment of WO 20087004875 Al where the control device is an integral part of a flow arrangement
  • Fig. 9 shows a principal sketch of a first embodiment according to the present invention, where swelling backing material is provided in the open space for the moveable disc or body of the autonomous valve of WO 20087004875 Al,
  • Fig. 10 shows a principal sketch of a second embodiment according to the present invention, where swelling backing material is provided behind hard metal wedges oppositely arranged in the flow path exiting said open space, and
  • Fig .11 shows a modification of the first embodiment of the invention, where a plurality of small channels are provided in the housing of said valve for pressure and fluid communication between a rear side of the swelling material and the surroundings of the valve.
  • Fig. 1 shows, as stated above, a section of a production pipe 1 in which a prototype of a control device 2, according to WO 20087004875 Al is provided.
  • the control device 2 is preferably of circular, relatively flat shape and may be provided with external threads 3 (see Fig. 2) to be screwed into a circular hole with corresponding internal threads in0 the pipe or an injector.
  • the device 2 may be adapted to the thickness of the pipe or injector and fit within its outer and inner periphery.
  • Fig. 2 a) and b) shows the prior control device 2 of WO 20087004875 Al in larger scale.
  • the device consists of a first disc-shaped housing body 4 with an outer cylindrical5 segment 5 and inner cylindrical segment 6 and with a central hole or aperture 10, and a second disc-shaped holder body 7 with an outer cylindrical segment 8, as well as a preferably flat disc or freely movable body 9 provided in an open space 14 formed between the first 4 and second 7 disc-shaped housing and holder bodies.
  • the body 9 may for particular applications and adjustments depart from the flat shape and have a0 partly conical or semicircular shape (for instance towards the aperture 10.)
  • the cylindrical segment 8 of the second disc-shaped holder body 7 fits within and protrudes in the opposite direction of the outer cylindrical segment 5 of the first disc-shaped housing body 4 thereby forming a flow path as shown by the arrows 11, where the fluid enters the control device through the central hole or aperture (inlet) 10 and flows towards and radially along the disc 9 before flowing through the annular opening 12 formed between the cylindrical segments 8 and 6 and further out through the annular opening 13 formed between the cylindrical segments 8 and 5.
  • the two disc-shaped housing and holder bodies 4, 7 are attached to one another by a screw connection, welding or other means (not further shown in the figures) at a connection area 15 as shown in Fig 2b).
  • the present invention exploits the effect of Bernoulli teaching that the sum of static pressure, dynamic pressure and friction is constant along a flow line:
  • the pressure difference over the disc 9 can be expressed as follows:
  • the control device according to the invention may have two different applications: Using it as inflow control device to reduce inflow of water, or using it to reduce inflow of gas at gas break through situations.
  • the different areas and pressure zones as shown in Fig. 4, will have impact on the efficiency and flow through properties of the device. Referring to Fig. 4, the different area/pressure zones may be divided into:
  • P 1 is the inflow area and pressure respectively.
  • the force (PpAi) generated by this pressure will strive to open the control device (move the disc or body 9 upwards).
  • P 2 is the area and pressure in the zone where the velocity will be largest and hence represents a dynamic pressure source. The resulting force of the dynamic pressure will strive to close the control device (move the disc or body 9 downwards as the flow velocity increases).
  • - A 3 , P 3 is the area and pressure at the outlet. This should be the same as the well pressure (inlet pressure).
  • - A 4 , P 4 is the area and pressure (stagnation pressure) behind the movable disc or body 9. The stagnation pressure, at position 16 (Fig. 2), creates the pressure and the force behind the body. This will strive to close the control device (move the body downwards).
  • Fluids with different viscosities will provide different forces in each zone depending on the design of these zones.
  • the design of the areas will be different for different applications, e.g. gas/oil or oil/water flow.
  • the areas needs to be carefully balanced and optimally designed taking into account the properties and physical conditions (viscosity, temperature, pressure etc.) for each design situation.
  • Fig. 5 shows a principal sketch of another embodiment of the control device according to WO 20087004875 Al, which is of a more simple design than the version shown in Fig. 2.
  • the control device 2 consists, as with the version shown in Fig. 2, of a first discshaped housing body 4 with an outer cylindrical segment 5 and with a central hole or aperture 10, and a second disc-shaped holder body 17 attached to the segment 5 of the housing body 4, as well as a preferably flat disc 9 provided in an open space 14 formed between the first and second disc-shaped housing and holder bodies 4, 17.
  • Fig. 6 shows a third embodiment according to WO 20087004875 Al where the design is the same as with the example shown in Fig. 2, but where a spring element 18, in the form of a spiral or other suitable spring device, is provided on either side of the disc and connects the disc with the holder 7, 22, recess 21 or housing 4.
  • the spring element 18 is used to balance and control the inflow area between the disc 9 and the inlet 10, or rather the surrounding edge or seat 19 of the inlet 10.
  • the opening between the disc 9 and edge 19 will be larger or smaller, and with a suitable selected spring constant, depending on the inflow and pressure conditions at the selected place where the control device is provided, constant mass flow through the device may be obtained.
  • Fig. 7 shows a fourth embodiment according to WO 20087004875 Al, where the design is the same as with the example in Fig. 6 above, but where the disc 9 is, on the side facing the inlet opening 10, provided with a thermally responsive device such as bimetallic element 20.
  • the conditions may rapidly change from a situation where only or mostly oil is produced to a situation where only or mostly gas is produced (gas breakthrough or gas coning).
  • gas breakthrough or gas coning With for instance a pressure drop of 16 bar from 100 bar the temperature drop would correspond to approximately 20 C.
  • the disc 9 By providing the disc 9 with a thermally responsive element such as a bi-metallic element as shown in Fig. 7, the disc will bend upwards or be moved upwards by the element 20 abutting the holder shaped body 7 and thereby narrowing the opening between the disc and the inlet 10 or fully closing said inlet.
  • control device as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and 4 - 7 are all related to solutions where the control device as such is a separate unit or device to be provided in conjunction with a fluid flow situation or arrangement such as the wall of a production pipe in connection with the production of oil and gas.
  • the control device may, as shown in Fig. 8, be an integral part of the fluid flow arrangement, whereby the movable body 9 may be provided in a recess 21 facing the outlet of an aperture or hole 10 of for instance a wall of a pipe 1 as shown in Fig. 1 instead of being provided in a separate housing body 4.
  • the movable body 9 may be held in place in the recess by means of a holder device such as inwardly protruding spikes, a circular ring 22 or the like being connected to the outer opening of the recess by means of screwing, welding or the like.
  • a holder device such as inwardly protruding spikes, a circular ring 22 or the like being connected to the outer opening of the recess by means of screwing, welding or the like.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are shown in Figs. 9 - 11, in which a material 24 is arranged within the device or autonomous valve 2 as described above, said material 24 changing its properties (volume and/or elastic modulus) under the presence of a given chemical substance or fluid, e.g. water.
  • a material 24 is arranged within the device or autonomous valve 2 as described above, said material 24 changing its properties (volume and/or elastic modulus) under the presence of a given chemical substance or fluid, e.g. water.
  • FIGs. 9 - 11 show two different embodiments in which a swelling material 24 is respectively arranged in the open space 14 for the moveable disc or body 9 (Figs. 9 and 11) or is alternatively provided behind hard metal wedges 25 oppositely arranged in the flow path exiting said open space 14 (Fig. 10).
  • Fig. 11 there is shown a variant or development of the embodiment as shown in Fig. 9, and in which a plurality of small channels 26 provides pressure and fluid communication between a rear or attachment side 27 of the swelling material 24 and the surroundings of the valve 2.
  • a plurality of small channels 26 provides pressure and fluid communication between a rear or attachment side 27 of the swelling material 24 and the surroundings of the valve 2.
  • the swelling backing material 24 might need backing pressure in case of a large pressure differential and/or a long travel.
  • the swelling rate will possibly increase if the swelling material 24 is exposed to said chemical substance (e.g. water) also from the rear side 27.
  • the main inventive idea is thus to use a material that changes it properties (volume and/or elastic modulus) under the presence of a given chemical substance.
  • the material should be integrated in the valve or control device 2 to modify the inflow characteristics over time that the viscosity discrimination might not work very well for, in particular the presence of water.
  • the shut off mechanism can thus be based on two principles:
  • the simplest example is a polymer that swells under the influence of water.
  • Such polymers can e.g. double their volume when exposed to water. The process takes time as the water needs to diffuse into the polymer. The increased volume behind the disc or body 9 expels flow from the flow channel and hence modifies the valve or control device 2. In the case of much water the swelling backing material 24 can fill the complete space behind the disc or body 9 and hence permanently nearly block the valve 2.
  • the edge geometry and hence the reference pressure transmitted to the open space or cavity 14 behind the disc or body 9 is modified.
  • this can also be a jaw (not shown) that cuts off flow.
  • the purpose of the wedge is to use a hard material with high erosion resitance that is directly exposed to the flow while the volume changing material is protected in a sheltered area. As apparent for the artisan in elucidation of this disclosure, many realizations of this principle is possible.
  • the second principle can be configured to reverse the effect of the valve or control device 2 leaving the edge area the high velocity area which might be advantageous for specific applications.
  • control device or valve 2 with this modification will be even more selective and utilize the best of two otherwise competing technologies in a compact unit not substantially more complicated than the valve 2 without said modification.
  • oil and/or gas production includes any process related to exploration or exploitation of oil and/or gas (e.g. installation, injection of steam, etc.) and is thus not restricted to a production mode.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé et sur un appareil pour commander l'écoulement de fluide dans la production de pétrole et/ou de gaz, comprenant un dispositif de commande ou une vanne autonome (2) fonctionnant selon le principe de Bernoulli et comprenant un corps ou un disque mobile (9) disposé à l'intérieur d'un boîtier (4) pour ouvrir et fermer ladite vanne (2), comprenant l'utilisation d'un matériau (24) à l'intérieur de la vanne (2), lequel matériau voit ses propriétés modifiées en ce qui concerne la forme et/ou le volume et/ou le module élastique lorsqu'il est exposé à une substance chimique contenue dans l'écoulement de fluide, modifiant ainsi ledit écoulement de fluide.
PCT/NO2009/000394 2008-11-18 2009-11-18 Procédé et appareil pour commander l'écoulement de fluide dans la production de pétrole et/ou de gaz Ceased WO2010059062A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20084858 2008-11-18
NO20084858A NO338993B1 (no) 2008-11-18 2008-11-18 Strømningsstyringsinnretning og fremgangsmåte for å kontrollere fluidstrømningen ved olje- og/eller gassproduksjon

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010059062A1 true WO2010059062A1 (fr) 2010-05-27

Family

ID=41667293

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NO2009/000394 Ceased WO2010059062A1 (fr) 2008-11-18 2009-11-18 Procédé et appareil pour commander l'écoulement de fluide dans la production de pétrole et/ou de gaz

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO338993B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010059062A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10145223B2 (en) 2013-08-29 2018-12-04 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Autonomous flow control system and methodology
US12359542B2 (en) 2021-05-12 2025-07-15 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Autonomous inflow control device system and method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007094897A2 (fr) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-23 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Controle de la conformite par des materiaux repondant a un stimulus
US20070246225A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2007-10-25 Hailey Travis T Jr Well tools with actuators utilizing swellable materials
WO2008004875A1 (fr) * 2006-07-07 2008-01-10 Norsk Hydro Asa Procédé de régulation de flux et soupape autonome ou dispositif de régulation de flux
NO326258B1 (no) * 2007-05-23 2008-10-27 Ior Technology As Ventil for et produksjonsror, og produksjonsror med samme

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO331536B1 (no) * 2004-12-21 2012-01-23 Schlumberger Technology Bv Fremgangsmate for a danne en regulerende strom av bronnhullfluider i et bronnhull anvendt i produksjon av hydrokarboner, og ventil for anvendelse i et undergrunns bronnhull
US7407007B2 (en) * 2005-08-26 2008-08-05 Schlumberger Technology Corporation System and method for isolating flow in a shunt tube
US7909088B2 (en) * 2006-12-20 2011-03-22 Baker Huges Incorporated Material sensitive downhole flow control device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007094897A2 (fr) * 2006-02-10 2007-08-23 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Controle de la conformite par des materiaux repondant a un stimulus
US20070246225A1 (en) * 2006-04-20 2007-10-25 Hailey Travis T Jr Well tools with actuators utilizing swellable materials
WO2008004875A1 (fr) * 2006-07-07 2008-01-10 Norsk Hydro Asa Procédé de régulation de flux et soupape autonome ou dispositif de régulation de flux
NO326258B1 (no) * 2007-05-23 2008-10-27 Ior Technology As Ventil for et produksjonsror, og produksjonsror med samme

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10145223B2 (en) 2013-08-29 2018-12-04 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Autonomous flow control system and methodology
US12359542B2 (en) 2021-05-12 2025-07-15 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Autonomous inflow control device system and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO20084858L (no) 2010-05-19
NO338993B1 (no) 2016-11-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US9353608B2 (en) Flow control device and flow control method
EP2049766B1 (fr) Procédé de régulation de flux et soupape autonome ou dispositif de régulation de flux
US8820413B2 (en) Alternative design of self-adjusting valve
EP2245268B1 (fr) Procédé d'auto-ajustement (ajustement autonome) de l'écoulement d'un fluide à travers une soupape ou un dispositif de commande d'écoulement dans des injecteurs pour la production de pétrole
US8590630B2 (en) System and method for controlling the flow of fluid in branched wells
US20110056700A1 (en) System and method for recompletion of old wells
US8517099B2 (en) Tubular member having self-adjusting valves controlling the flow of fluid into or out of the tubular member
WO2010087719A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de régulation de débit
WO2010059062A1 (fr) Procédé et appareil pour commander l'écoulement de fluide dans la production de pétrole et/ou de gaz

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 09760346

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 09760346

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1