[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2010052052A1 - Rotor pour une turbomachine - Google Patents

Rotor pour une turbomachine Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010052052A1
WO2010052052A1 PCT/EP2009/061749 EP2009061749W WO2010052052A1 WO 2010052052 A1 WO2010052052 A1 WO 2010052052A1 EP 2009061749 W EP2009061749 W EP 2009061749W WO 2010052052 A1 WO2010052052 A1 WO 2010052052A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
steel
shaft
light metal
triplex
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2009/061749
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ralf Bode
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of WO2010052052A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010052052A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/06—Rotors for more than one axial stage, e.g. of drum or multiple disc type; Details thereof, e.g. shafts, shaft connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001—Austenite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/12—Light metals
    • F05D2300/121—Aluminium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotor for a turbomachine with a shaft and rotational elements arranged thereon, which are at least predominantly made of steel.
  • a turbomachine such as a gas turbine, a steam turbine, an axial compressor or a centrifugal compressor rotates a large rotor with high speed, so that significant centrifugal forces act on rotational elements of the rotor.
  • a turbomachine such as a gas turbine, a steam turbine, an axial compressor or a centrifugal compressor rotates a large rotor with high speed, so that significant centrifugal forces act on rotational elements of the rotor.
  • large-length blades are an effective means for improving the thermal efficiency of the steam turbine. Therefore, the trend is towards ever longer low pressure blades of the last stage. Such blades require a material of high strength and high toughness.
  • centrifugal force acts directly on the specific weight of the material used. In the material of the rotor, the centrifugal force acts as a tension whose height must not exceed the yield strength of the respective material in order not to jeopardize the integrity of the machine. Therefore, the highest allowable speed of the machine is usually determined by the properties of the rotor material used. Decisive here is the ratio of yield strength and specific weight, the so-called specific strength.
  • high-strength material such as superalloys in the form of titanium alloys and nickel alloy. requirements.
  • light metal alloys have been used, but they are less creep resistant and chemically resistant and also limit the joining processes. As a result of these disadvantages, steels are still the most widely used material.
  • a rotor of the type mentioned in which at least one of the rotational elements is at least partially made of a steel with a light metal content of at least 20%.
  • the turbomachine is expediently a turbomachine and may be a gas turbine or steam turbine. Also possible is an axial compressor or a centrifugal compressor for power plant use.
  • the rotor expediently has a maximum radius of at least 1 m, in particular at least 1.5 m.
  • Light metals are all metals and their alloys. referred alloys whose density is less than 4.5 g / cm 3 .
  • the steel with a light metal content of at least 20% preferably has a specific gravity below 7 g / cm 3 .
  • a Fe-Mn-Al multi-substance system is advantageous.
  • the aluminum can achieve an extraordinary reduction in specific gravity since aluminum causes a high lattice width through a large atomic radius of 0.147 nm, while the atomic radius of iron is 0.126 nm.
  • Manganese also causes a lowering of the specific gravity by its still relatively large atomic radius of 0.134 nm and thus also an increase of the mesh width of the e.g. Automotive base cell (car: cubic face centered).
  • the light metal content comprises at least 90% aluminum and manganese. Al and Mn thus form 90% of the light metal content.
  • An alloy with these two light metals can achieve a particularly high toughness.
  • the steel with the light metal fraction is formed from an Fe-Mn-Al-C-tetravalent system, Fe-xMn-yAl-zC.
  • the carbon which is uniform in particular in the solid solution as nano-sized ⁇ -carbides, a high strength of the steel can be achieved.
  • a universally suitable steel with the light metal content advantageously comprises 18-28% manganese, 9-12% aluminum and 0.7-1.2% carbon in percentage by mass. Furthermore, a small proportion of metallic impurities can be present. Particularly suitable for applications with a particularly high stress is an alloy with 25 - 28% manganese, 10 - 12% aluminum and 0.9 - 1.2% carbon.
  • the light steel is a triplex steel.
  • a triplex steel can be characterized by three solid phases present together. Due to the high number of phases, it is possible to achieve mechanical properties that are specifically geared to particular applications by specifically adjusting the proportions of the various light metals and, in particular, of the carbon.
  • the triplex steel comprises an austenitic ⁇ -Fe phase with incorporated ⁇ -carbides. These are advantageously in nano size.
  • a unit cell of ⁇ -carbides (Fe, Mn) 3 AlC may comprise a dissolved C atom at octahedral sites in the center of the unit cell. Such a unit cell may have an average grid width of
  • the microstructure may be composed of an austenitic ⁇ -Fe (Mn, Al, C) mixed crystal matrix having a fine dispersion of nano-sized ⁇ -carbides and ⁇ -Fe (Al, Mn) ferrites in different volume parts.
  • ⁇ -Fe austenitic ⁇ -Fe
  • Al, Mn ⁇ -Fe
  • Triplex steel has a low density between 6.5 and 7 g / cm with excellent mechanical properties, such as high strength between 700 and 1100 MPa.
  • the mild steel has a particularly good cold workability, which simplifies machining of the steel.
  • the light steel consists mainly of austenite, further 5 to 15 vo1% ferrites and 6 to 9 vol% ⁇ carbons in nanoscale, which are finely distributed in the mixed carbon matrix.
  • the light steel is particularly advantageous in use as a material for a turbine blade of a gas or steam turbine.
  • the light steel can be used for the production of compressor blades of an axial compressor rotor.
  • due to the low specific weight of the light steel, particularly long blades of the last or first stage can be used in an energy-efficient manner, in particular in the range above 40 inches and above all above 48 inches.
  • the rotary element is a compressor radial impeller. These are by design provided with a relatively high mass in the radially outermost region, so that the low specific weight in this application can play a particularly high advantage.
  • shaft elements ie elements belonging to the shaft per se.
  • Particularly noteworthy in this context would be a balance piston on the shaft and a shaft sleeve on the shaft.
  • a particularly good axial bearing of the shaft can be achieved by a large thrust washer, which is exposed by their radial size high centrifugal forces. These can be reduced by using the light steel compared to conventional steels, so that - with the same yield strength - greater radial expansions of the thrust bearing can be achieved.
  • At least a part of the shaft itself is made of lightweight steel.
  • the production of the entire shaft made of light steel has to be lifted.
  • FI G 1 a radial compressor rotor with components
  • FI G 2 an axial compressor rotor in a sectional view.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a rotor 2 of a radial compressor with a shaft 4 on which a plurality of radial impellers 6 are attached.
  • this carries a thrust washer 8 and a balance piston 10.
  • the shaft 4 is provided with two shaft sleeves 12.
  • the radial bearing wheels 6, the axial bearing disk 8 and the compensating piston 10 and the shaft sleeves 12 are made of a light steel steel with a light metal content of more than 20%.
  • the shaft itself is made of such lightweight steel.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of a rotor 14 of an axial compressor with a shaft 16 and a plurality of blade rows, each having a plurality of blades 18.
  • the shaft 16 and the blades 18 are made of lightweight steel.
  • FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a section through a rotor 14 of a steam turbine or gas turbine.
  • the vanes 18 are turbine blades and serve to receive kinetic or thermal energy from steam or gas of the turbine for conversion into rotational energy of the turbine Rotor 14.
  • One for the shafts 4, 16, the shaft sleeves 12, the The same piston 10 and the thrust washer 8 used light steel is a triplex steel, which was prepared by induction melting in an argon atmosphere under 600 mbar partial pressure.
  • the composition of the easily forgeable and rollable light steel is Fe-26Mn-12Al-1.2C.
  • a heat treatment after the forging or rolling at 1050 0 C for 30 min a recrystallization of the structure was achieved, so that a microstructure of an austenitic ⁇ -Fe (Mn, Al, C) mixed crystal matrix with a fine dispersion of ⁇ -carbides in nano size as well as ⁇ -Fe (Al, Mn) ferrites.
  • a precipitation of the ⁇ -carbides from the austenite structure during a cooling process was largely prevented by quenching with water.
  • Composition Fe-20Mn-22Al-0, 9C chosen, although having a lower toughness, but it has a lower specific gravity.
  • the mechanical properties of the triplex steel for the radial impellers 6 with the composition Fe-22Mn-18Al-l, OC lie between the first two mentioned triplex steels.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention part d'un rotor (2, 14) pour une turbomachine avec un arbre (4, 16) et des éléments rotatifs disposés sur celui-ci, lesquels sont fabriqués au moins partiellement en acier. Il est proposé qu'au moins l'un des éléments rotatifs soit fabriqué au moins partiellement en un acier avec une fraction de métal léger d'au moins 20 %. On peut fabriquer un rotor (2, 14) avec un élément rotatif léger et résistant.
PCT/EP2009/061749 2008-11-07 2009-09-10 Rotor pour une turbomachine Ceased WO2010052052A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008056395 2008-11-07
DE102008056395.1 2008-11-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010052052A1 true WO2010052052A1 (fr) 2010-05-14

Family

ID=41402435

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2009/061749 Ceased WO2010052052A1 (fr) 2008-11-07 2009-09-10 Rotor pour une turbomachine

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2010052052A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2302088A1 (fr) * 2009-09-28 2011-03-30 General Electric Company Articles de compresseur moulé et leurs procédés de formation
CN108035775A (zh) * 2018-01-08 2018-05-15 翁志远 汽轮机的转子、汽轮机和原动机设备
EP3364040A1 (fr) 2017-02-15 2018-08-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Élément structural de rotor, procédé de fabrication

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB841366A (en) * 1957-07-02 1960-07-13 Langley Alloys Ltd Improvements in iron aluminium alloys
US3193384A (en) * 1957-07-02 1965-07-06 Langley Alloys Ltd Iron aluminium alloys
DE1433111A1 (de) * 1957-07-02 1968-12-19 Alloys Langley Ltd Eisen-Aluminium-Legierungen
GB2220674A (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-17 Nat Science Council Alloys useful at elevated temperatures
WO2003029504A2 (fr) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-10 Daimlerchrysler Ag Acier duplex/triplex a resistance elevee pour construction legere et son utilisation
DE102005057599A1 (de) * 2005-12-02 2007-06-06 Volkswagen Ag Leichtbaustahl

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB841366A (en) * 1957-07-02 1960-07-13 Langley Alloys Ltd Improvements in iron aluminium alloys
US3193384A (en) * 1957-07-02 1965-07-06 Langley Alloys Ltd Iron aluminium alloys
DE1262613B (de) * 1957-07-02 1968-03-07 Langley Alloys Ltd Verwendung einer Stahllegierung als Werkstoff fuer Gegenstaende mit hoher Festigkeit, Verschleissfestigkeit und verhaeltnismaessig geringem spezifischem Gewicht
DE1433111A1 (de) * 1957-07-02 1968-12-19 Alloys Langley Ltd Eisen-Aluminium-Legierungen
GB2220674A (en) * 1988-06-29 1990-01-17 Nat Science Council Alloys useful at elevated temperatures
WO2003029504A2 (fr) * 2001-09-28 2003-04-10 Daimlerchrysler Ag Acier duplex/triplex a resistance elevee pour construction legere et son utilisation
DE102005057599A1 (de) * 2005-12-02 2007-06-06 Volkswagen Ag Leichtbaustahl

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ALEKSEENKO ET AL: "Phase composition, structure and properties of low density steel 9G28Yu9MVB", METAL SCIENCE AND HEAT TREATMENT, SPRINGER, NEW YORK, NY, US, vol. 14, 1 January 1972 (1972-01-01), pages 187 - 189, XP001248124, ISSN: 0026-0673 *
ALTSTETTER C J ET AL: "PROCESSING AND PROPERTIES OF Fe-Mn-Al ALLOYS", MATERIALS SCIENCE ENGINEERING, ELSEVIER SEQUOIA, LAUSANNE, CH, vol. 82, 1 September 1986 (1986-09-01), pages 13 - 25, XP002407487, ISSN: 0025-5416 *
BRÜX U ET AL: "HIGH STRENGTH LIGHT WEIGHT STEELS BASED ON FE-MN-AL-C MICROSTRUCTURES*MECHANICAL PROPERTIES", PROCEEDINGS OF PLASTICITY, XX, XX, 1 January 2003 (2003-01-01), pages 169 - 171, XP001248072 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2302088A1 (fr) * 2009-09-28 2011-03-30 General Electric Company Articles de compresseur moulé et leurs procédés de formation
EP3364040A1 (fr) 2017-02-15 2018-08-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Élément structural de rotor, procédé de fabrication
WO2018149569A1 (fr) 2017-02-15 2018-08-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Élément de rotor, procédé de fabrication
CN108035775A (zh) * 2018-01-08 2018-05-15 翁志远 汽轮机的转子、汽轮机和原动机设备

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69634287T2 (de) Gasturbinenbrennkammer und Gasturbine
AT407404B (de) Zwischenschicht, insbesondere bindungsschicht, aus einer legierung auf aluminiumbasis
DE10305912B4 (de) Hybrid- Schaufel für thermische Turbomaschinen
EP2209995B1 (fr) Rotor de pompe à plusieurs étages pour pompes turbomoléculaires
EP1186748A1 (fr) Aube de rotor pour une turbomachine et turbomachine
EP3175008B1 (fr) Alliage a base de cobalt
DE112009002098T5 (de) Turbolader und Baugruppe zur Bypassregelung im Turbinengehäuse dafür
DE112010002988T5 (de) Turbolader und Verdichterrad dafür
DE69034106T2 (de) Hitzebeständiger Stahl- und Rotorwelle einer Dampfturbine
EP1462617B1 (fr) Aubage pour une turbomachine axiale
DE602004005910T2 (de) Wärmebeständiger Stahl sowie daraus hergestellte Gasturbine und Bauteile
EP2620517A1 (fr) Alliage TiAl thermostable
EP0883734A1 (fr) Arbre de turbine constitue de deux alliages
CH695497A5 (de) Nickel-Basis-Superlegierung.
WO2010052052A1 (fr) Rotor pour une turbomachine
EP3091095B1 (fr) Superalliage à base de nickel sans rhénium à faible densité
EP1330606B1 (fr) Pompe a vide cinetique mecanique
DE3522115A1 (de) Hitzebestaendiger 12-cr-stahl und daraus gefertigte turbinenteile
DE102015221324A1 (de) Turbinenrotor für eine Niederdruckturbine eines Gasturbinensystems
DE69525621T3 (de) Dampfturbinenkraftanlage und Dampfturbine
EP1815035A2 (fr) Superalliage a base de nickel
EP1674511A1 (fr) Matière plastique comprenant des nanoparticules et revêtements produits de celle
DE20311346U1 (de) Zur gemeinsamen Drehung mit einer Triebwerkswelle ausgelegter Gleitring einer Gleitringdichtungsanordnung für Strahltriebwerke
EP2354261A1 (fr) Superalliage à base de nickel ayant un comportement de dégradation amélioré
EP0568951A2 (fr) Matériau réfractaire

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 09782868

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 09782868

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1