WO2010045762A1 - 催化剂用纳米粒子制造装置、制造方法、纳米催化剂产品及其生产方法 - Google Patents
催化剂用纳米粒子制造装置、制造方法、纳米催化剂产品及其生产方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010045762A1 WO2010045762A1 PCT/CN2008/072799 CN2008072799W WO2010045762A1 WO 2010045762 A1 WO2010045762 A1 WO 2010045762A1 CN 2008072799 W CN2008072799 W CN 2008072799W WO 2010045762 A1 WO2010045762 A1 WO 2010045762A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
- B01J35/45—Nanoparticles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/18—Carbon
Definitions
- Nanoparticle production device for catalyst manufacturing method, nano catalyst product and production method thereof
- the present invention relates to the field of nanocatalyst preparation, and more particularly to a method for producing a nanoparticle for a catalyst and a nanocatalyst application product. Background technique
- Catalyst refers to a substance that does not undergo its own amount in the chemical reaction, and the change in quality is only a matter of increasing the rate of chemical reaction.
- the catalyst was originally discovered by JJ Berzel ius of Sweden. In 1853, he combined the kata of the Greek expression "in” with the lusis which means “unwrapped”. The effect was named catalyst for the mixture of nitrogen and hydrogen. When heating/pressurizing to produce ammonia, contact with a solid containing iron oxide as a main component can increase the reaction rate and be easily synthesized, which is an example of a catalyst.
- catalysts When the reactants are in the same phase as the catalyst, they are called homogeneous catalysts, and when they are in different phases, they are called heterogeneous catalysts. For example, hydrogen, nitrogen, and ammonia are gaseous and iron oxide is solid, so it is a heterogeneous catalyst.
- the catalyst serves to increase the reaction rate. This catalyst is called a positive catalyst, and conversely, a catalyst which lowers the reaction rate. This catalyst is called a negative catalyst.
- the initial catalyst field is concentrated in chemical processes, but it has recently been used in the fields of automobile exhaust gas purification, power plant decontamination prevention, fuel cell, future energy development such as hydrogen, cooking ovens, and heating furnaces, and the demand is increasing.
- the catalyst field has been evaluated as a core technology element along with cutting-edge fields such as electronics, biotechnology, new materials, and new energy.
- Nanocatalysts have been identified as a new generation of technologies that can solve the problem of depletion of energy due to high industrialization and environmental pollution caused by the use of chemical fuels.
- Nanocatalysts are chemically reactive nano-sized materials that have attracted attention and research in the fields of energy conversion, photocatalysis, green chemistry, environmental, biological imitation technology, and molecular printing.
- the high efficiency characteristics of the rice catalyst are difficult to obtain in the expanded state, and it is possible after the catalyst material becomes nanosized.
- the nanocatalyst maximizes the activity of the original catalyst, thereby minimizing the amount of catalyst required for production, and lowering the reaction temperature in the chemical reaction to selectively obtain a product.
- the activity of such nanocatalysts is maximized by a method that controls uniform nanometer size and produces nanoparticles without impurities.
- the method of using the catalyst material is a method of adding a raw material of a support and a catalyst material to a chemical solution in a liquid state, and a method of using a solid catalyst material for selectively controlling a gas phase reaction.
- the catalytic and manufacturing methods for attaching the catalyst material to the support are chemically and physically.
- the process of chemically attaching a catalyst such as a nanometer-sized noble metal to a support includes a process of attaching to an activated carbon support and a process of attaching to a chemical ceramic oxide support.
- a nanoparticle chemical manufacturing method in which a metal catalyst is attached to an activated carbon has a PL (Precipitation Liquid reduction), a PG (Precipitation Gas reduction), an AL (Adsorption Liquid reduction), an AG (Adsorption Gas reduction), and the like.
- PL Precipitation Liquid reduction
- PG Precipitation Gas reduction
- AL Adsorption Liquid reduction
- AG Adsorption Gas reduction
- the manufacturing method for forming a catalyst on a chemical ceramic or an oxide support is Impregnation, Ion exchange on Zeolite, Co-precipitation, and Deposition & Precipitation) and so on.
- the compound of the catalyst material mainly includes a metal salt, an organic metal complex compound, and a noble metal salt of the metal salt, for example, mainly HAuCl 4 , AuCl 3 , KAu (CN) 2 , Au (en) 2 Cl 3 , or an organic metal.
- Pregano metallic precursor H 2 PtCl 6 , Pt (N0 2 ) 2 (NH 3 ) 2 , PtCl 2 , RuCl 3 , and the like.
- the reducing agent mainly uses LiBH 4 , NaBH 4 or alcohol which is easily mixed with water.
- the chemical ceramic support used at this time is silica (Si lica), alumina (Alumina), magnesium oxide (Magnesia), titanium oxide (Titania), iron oxide (Ferric oxide) and the like.
- the metal salt, the reducing agent, and the chemical ceramic support are mixed before the calcination process. These oxides are rapidly converted into hydroxides by the action of water, and dehydrated again at 500-600 K. After drying, they are calcined at 1000 K (Calcination).
- the material obtained will be hydrogen at a temperature of 500-600 K (Hydrogen The noble metal is reduced under the condition of gas).
- a method for physically producing nanocatalysts is mechanical high energy pulverization (High Energy)
- One object of the present invention is to provide a nanopowder manufacturing apparatus for a catalyst which overcomes the drawbacks of the conventional chemical method for producing a catalyst and the limitations on particle size and yield in the existing physical methods.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a nanopowder.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a nanocatalyst product.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of producing a nanocatalyst product.
- a nanoparticle production apparatus for a catalyst provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes: a vacuum chamber;
- a stirring tank located in the vacuum tank, for accommodating the support
- a vertical agitating member disposed in the agitation tank, comprising a vertical rotating shaft and a spiral agitating blade, the spiral agitating blade is spirally rotated around the vertical rotating shaft to stir the supporting body and lower the stirring tank
- the support is delivered to the upper portion of the agitation tank;
- a deposition apparatus for depositing catalyst nanoparticles on a support on the upper portion of the agitation tank by physical deposition.
- the spiral stirring blade is used for spiral vertical rotation to stir the support body or the horizontal stirring method is used to stir the member to stir the support body;
- the catalyst nanoparticles are deposited on the support exposed to the deposition region by physical deposition under vacuum while performing the stirring step.
- the nanocatalyst product according to an embodiment of the present invention is in the form of a honeycomb, and is formed by a molding and a sintering treatment of a support in which nanoparticles for catalyst are deposited.
- the nanocatalyst product according to another embodiment of the present invention is formed by subjecting a honeycomb carrier to a drying treatment by dipping, spraying, screen printing or coating a liquid containing catalyst nanoparticles.
- Method for producing a nanocatalyst product according to an embodiment of the present invention for depositing nanoparticles for catalyst
- the support is subjected to casting and sintering to form a honeycomb nanocatalyst product carrying a nanocatalyst.
- a method of producing a nanocatalyst product according to another embodiment of the present invention comprising:
- the present invention does not use a metal salt or an organic compound, and therefore it is not necessary to adjust the acidity and alkalinity of the decomposed metal salt or metal organic compound.
- the apparatus for producing nanoparticles according to the present invention uses a vacuum chamber to form a catalyst material directly on the support, so that no hydration occurs. And in order to form a uniform catalyst material on the support, the rotary powder produces a support comprising a uniform catalyst material.
- the process of the present invention employs an existing vacuum deposition method, so that it is easy to vaporize a plurality of metals or alloys into a gas phase, and uniformly form high-purity nanoparticles on the support.
- the nanomaterial deposition apparatus used in the physical nanofabrication apparatus may employ the following: Thermal Evaporation, Eb earn Evaporation, DC Sputtering, RF Sputtering, Ion Beam Sputtering, Molecular Beam Epitaxy, Arc Discharge Process, Laser Ablation, and the like.
- the invention rotates the support body by a plurality of rotation modes, and forms a nanometer-sized catalyst substance on the support body.
- a more durable catalyst material can be manufactured by the heat treatment process.
- the size and content of the nanoparticles for the catalyst produced by the present invention can be controlled by controlling the deposition rate, deposition energy, deposition time, support size, support shape, support stirring speed, support temperature, vacuum degree and the like. Adjustment. DRAWINGS
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a manufacturing process of a catalyst nanoparticle using a chemical method for producing activated carbon
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual view of a process for manufacturing a nanoparticle using the present invention
- Figure 3 is a horizontal shaft-axis nanoparticle manufacturing equipment
- Figure 4 is a nanoparticle manufacturing equipment equipped with a central vertical transfer type stirring member
- Figure 5 is a nanoparticle manufacturing equipment equipped with an inner wall vertical transfer type stirring member
- Figure 6 is an illustration of an application form after the production of nanoparticles by the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a view showing a method of coating nanoparticles after manufacturing nanoparticles using the present invention. detailed description
- the present invention is different from the original wet chemical catalyst nanoparticle production method.
- the catalyst nanoparticle production apparatus and method of the present invention uses an environmentally friendly dry physical vapor deposition method to rotate the support in a vacuum vessel, and the catalyst material is directly Nanosized catalyst particles formed on the support are deposited.
- the method of physically producing a nanocatalyst on a support such as activated carbon or a chemical ceramic is disclosed in many patents and non-patent documents [1-12] and has been described in detail.
- the methods disclosed in the published patent documents and non-patent documents have problems such as low deposition rate, wide distribution of nanoparticles, uneven stirring of the support, excessive load applied to the support, and low durability of the equipment.
- problems such as low deposition rate, wide distribution of nanoparticles, uneven stirring of the support, excessive load applied to the support, and low durability of the equipment.
- the existing nanoparticle manufacturing apparatus supporting the stirring method is mainly designed for experiments or small-scale production, and thus is not suitable for industrial mass production.
- the present invention employs a technique of depositing a catalyst material to attach a suitable amount of nanomaterial to a support while rotating the support.
- a core is generally formed on the substrate in the initial stage of deposition, but if continuous continuous deposition is performed, the initially formed core continues to receive metal atoms in the gas phase to grow, and finally a thin film is formed. If a discontinuous deposition method is used, that is, the core formed in the initial stage of control is subjected to a non-deposition time, the gas phase atoms are not accepted during the non-deposition time, so that the core becomes stable and cannot continue to grow and can only maintain the morphology of the core.
- FIG. 2 shows the use of this A conceptual diagram of a manufacturing process for inventing and manufacturing nanoparticles.
- a deposition source 201 is disposed above the support 203, and the support is temporarily exposed to the deposited vapor in an initial stage, and then left under agitation (label 204 identifies support agitating action in Fig. 2).
- the deposition area causes the nucleus to grow into nanoparticles 102 and inhibit nuclear overgrowth.
- the stage of continuously stirring and depositing the nanoparticles is repeated, and the core is continuously formed on the support to produce the nanoparticles.
- the principle of the present invention for producing nanoparticles is a discontinuous deposition method for producing a uniform size and stable nanopowder on the support by controlling the deposition time and non-deposition time of the nanomaterial on the support. By controlling the appropriate deposition time to prevent excessive growth of the nanoparticles, the nanoparticles can be stabilized after being re-exposed to the deposition area after being in a stable state in the non-deposition time, and an additional core is formed on the support.
- the physical vapor deposition method in the embodiment of the present invention may be, for example, any one of the following physical deposition methods: DC sputtering, RF sputtering, ion beam sputtering, microwave deposition, magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation, electron beam Evaporation, laser ablation, ion plating, arc discharge deposition, and molecular beam epitaxy, but are not limited thereto.
- FIG. 3 is an example of a nanoparticle manufacturing apparatus using a horizontal rotating shaft, and a metal, a metal alloy, a metal oxide, or a metal nitride which can be used as a catalyst can be used as a deposition source material in a carbonaceous substance (such as activated carbon), Nanoparticles for catalyst deposition on supports such as oxides or nitrides.
- a plurality of stirring shafts can be used for stirring, but since the support is unnaturally stirred, the support tends to be excessively pulverized.
- the apparatus shown in Fig. 2 physically prepares the nanoparticles for the catalyst, effectively overcoming the drawbacks of the conventional chemical method for producing nanoparticles for the catalyst.
- the nanoparticle manufacturing apparatus using the horizontal rotating shaft stirring method causes the support body 303 in the stirring tank 302 to be sideways and stacked on one side, because the support is excessively stacked in a specific area. Therefore, it is difficult to uniformly stir the support.
- the support body rotates with the stirring blade 305 at a micron size, a phenomenon in which the support body exists in a block form occurs, and a severe scattering phenomenon occurs when the light support is stirred.
- the support material is stirred, since the rotary wing 305 is exposed, the nanoparticles are deposited on the rotary wing.
- the deposition of nanoparticles in unnecessary places will reduce the deposition efficiency of the nanoparticles, and then change Incompetent engineering.
- the equipment for mass production of nanoparticles by a single rotating shaft configuration is limited, so that several single rotating shafts can be used in parallel for manufacturing mass production equipment. If several rotation axes are rotated in the same direction, the support body is stacked to one side, so the rotation direction 304 is randomly converted.
- the random rotation of the agitator shaft causes friction between the support materials, the support body does not move separately due to the instantaneous change of the rotation direction, the uneven support body agitation, the scattering or detachment of the support material, the durability of the equipment, etc. problem.
- the agitating structure exerts a force on the support material, which may cause pulverization or outward detachment of the support.
- a nanoparticle producing apparatus generates heat when randomly stirred, so that it is difficult to use a heat-resistant support.
- the particles formed by the support pulverization generate dust, and the support body detached from the agitation tank 302 in the vacuum chamber 306 enters the vacuum pump through the vacuum exhaust pipe to contaminate the vacuum pump.
- the present invention preferably employs a nanoparticle manufacturing apparatus that rotates the support in a vertical rotation mode that is more advanced than the horizontal rotation mode, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.
- the nanoparticle manufacturing device using the vertical rotation axis provided by the present invention is divided into two modes: a central vertical transfer and an inner wall vertical transfer.
- Fig. 4 shows an example in which the support is transferred from the lower portion of the center portion of the stirring tank to the upper portion by means of a vertical spiral type stirring member (vertical spiral dark wheel), that is, particles which are transferred vertically in the center.
- a stirring tank 402 a stirring member, a support plate 409, one or more upper rotary blades (scatterers) 407, one or more lower rotary blades 408, a deposition device 401, and a vacuum chamber. 410 and vacuum pump (not shown). among them:
- the agitating member is disposed in the agitating tank 402.
- the spiral agitating member includes a vertical rotating shaft 406 (driven by the rotating electric machine 411) and a spiral agitating wing (dark wheel) 405 fixed to the vertical rotating shaft.
- the spiral stirring blade 405 is spirally rotated by the vertical rotating shaft, and the supporting body is stirred and the support body at the lower part of the stirring tank is sent to the upper portion of the stirring tank;
- the support plate 409 surrounds the upper portion of the spiral agitating member to support the support body that is transported to the upper portion of the agitation tank.
- the support plate is intermediate high and low at the outer periphery.
- the support plate In the shape of a truncated cone, there is a gap between the support plate and the inner wall of the agitation tank, so that the support on the support plate can slide down into the agitation tank when moving to the edge of the support plate (mark 404 in FIG. 4 indicates the direction of movement of the support) .
- the support plate In order to control the exposure time of the support, the support plate may be provided with a plurality of holes, so that the support body can quickly fall from the support plate, and the number of holes and the size of the aperture can be changed.
- the one or more upper rotor blades 407 are located on a support plate and are secured to the vertical rotation shaft 406 for agitating the support on the support plate.
- the one or more lower rotary blades 408 are fixed below the vertical rotation shaft 406 to uniformly agitate the lower support.
- the vacuum chamber 410 accommodates a deposition source 401 of the deposition apparatus and a stirring tank 402, and the vacuum state in the vacuum chamber 410 can be controlled by a vacuum pump.
- the vacuum in the vacuum chamber can be controlled from 5 X 10 - 1 Torr to 1 X 10 - 6 Torr as needed, but is not limited thereto.
- the degree of vacuum can affect the size of the nanoparticles.
- a heating device may be provided outside the agitation tank to heat the support in the agitation tank.
- a cooling device may be provided outside the agitation tank to cool the support in the agitation tank. It is also possible to provide heating and cooling means at the same time to decide whether to open the heating or cooling device as needed.
- the apparatus shown in Figure 4 can also be provided with surface treatment components for ion beam or plasma bombardment treatment of the support surface prior to deposition, during deposition, or after deposition.
- the material of the deposition source may be any one of gold, silver, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, palladium, iridium, osmium, iridium, iridium. , or an alloy composed of two or more metal materials of these metal materials, if a metal oxide or metal nitride nanoparticle for catalyst is to be deposited, a metal oxide or a metal nitride target may be directly selected as a deposition source, or Metal oxide or metal nitride catalyst nanoparticles are produced by supplying oxygen or nitrogen to the surface of the support while depositing metal nanoparticles on the surface of the support.
- the support may be a carbonaceous material (such as activated carbon), an oxide or a nitride (such as Mg0, Ce0 2 , A1 2 0 3 , Y 2 0 3 , Ti0 2 , Vanadium Oxide, CrN, FeN, etc., the support may be in the form of a powder, a pellet or a chip.
- a carbonaceous material such as activated carbon
- an oxide or a nitride such as Mg0, Ce0 2 , A1 2 0 3 , Y 2 0 3 , Ti0 2 , Vanadium Oxide, CrN, FeN, etc.
- the ratio of deposition rate, deposition time, deposition time to non-deposition time (related to the inclination of the support plate, the number and size of the holes on the support plate), the stirring speed, the temperature of the evaporation source,
- the size and content of the nanoparticles are controlled by conditions such as the temperature of the support, the degree of vacuum, the ratio of the total surface area of the support exposed to the deposition area to the volume of the total support, and the like.
- the average thickness of the fabricated catalyst nanomaterial on the support can be controlled to be from 0.1 angstroms to 1000 angstroms. This thickness range is by way of example only and is not intended to limit the invention.
- the support transferred to the upper portion is spread on the upper wall of the upper support support plate by the spreader, and moves from the inner wall of the support plate to the lower portion.
- the center vertical transfer agitation method has less load on the machine and the support than the horizontal axis rotation mode, so that the friction between the support bodies can be reduced, and the scattering phenomenon of the fine powder during the agitation can be reduced.
- it is not easy to uniformly spread the support at the upper portion and a complicated structure such as a support plate, a spreader, and a dark wheel 405 must be provided in order to uniformly agitate the support to the upper portion.
- the support passes through the support, it is scattered by the spreader to produce a scattering phenomenon of the support, which may contaminate the deposition device.
- the free-falling movement of the powder moving from the inner wall of the support plate to the lower portion produces dust scattering.
- Fig. 5 is a view showing an example in which the nanoparticle manufacturing apparatus of another embodiment using the vertical rotation axis adopts an inner wall vertical transfer method.
- the nanoparticle manufacturing apparatus adopting the vertical wall inner transfer method is a more advanced device than the center vertical transfer method, and has no support plate, a spreader, and a spiral dark wheel, so that the structure is simpler.
- the catalyst manufacturing apparatus for a catalyst shown in Fig. 5 includes a vacuum chamber 506, a stirring tank 502, a screw type stirring member, a deposition device, and a vacuum pump (not shown).
- the agitation tank 502 is located in the vacuum chamber 506 for accommodating the support 503;
- the spiral agitating member is disposed in the agitation tank 502, and includes a vertical rotating shaft 507 (driven by a rotating electric machine 508) and a spiral agitating wing 505.
- the spiral agitating blade is spiraled by the vertical rotating shaft. Rotating, the support body 503 is stirred and the support body 503 at the lower portion of the agitation tank is conveyed to the upper portion of the agitation tank.
- the outer side of the spiral agitating blade is adjacent to the inner wall of the agitation tank, and a gap exists between the spiral agitating blade and the vertical rotating shaft and is connected via at least one connecting body 509, so that the support of the upper portion of the agitation tank can pass the The gap moves to the lower portion of the agitation tank.
- the deposition apparatus is for depositing nanoparticles on the support 503 on the upper portion of the agitation tank by physical deposition, and the deposition source 501 of the deposition apparatus is located above the support in the vacuum chamber.
- the catalyst nanoparticle producing apparatus shown in Fig. 5 may be provided with heating and cooling means at the same time to determine whether or not to turn on the heating or cooling device as needed.
- the apparatus shown in Fig. 5 may further include a surface treatment member for performing ion beam or plasma bombardment treatment on the surface of the support before, during, or after deposition.
- the material of the deposition source may be selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, palladium, iridium, osmium, iridium, iridium. Any metal material, or an alloy composed of two or more metal materials selected from these metal materials. If a metal oxide or metal nitride nanoparticle for catalyst is to be deposited, a metal oxide or metal nitride target can be directly selected as the metal oxide or metal nitride target.
- the deposition source can also be used to produce metal oxide or metal nitride catalyst nanoparticles by supplying oxygen or nitrogen to the surface of the support while depositing metal nanoparticles on the surface of the support.
- the support may be a carbonaceous material (e.g., activated carbon), an oxide or a nitride, and the support may be in the form of a powder, a pellet, or a chip.
- the size and content of the nanoparticles can be effectively adjusted.
- the catalyst nanomaterials can be controlled to have an average thickness on the support of from 0.1 angstroms to 1000 angstroms, which is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the invention.
- the vertical rotation mode in Fig. 5 is the same as that of Fig. 4, but the support body of the center vertical transfer type conveys the rotary wing in the center of the agitation tank, and the support body of the inner wall vertical transfer type transfers the rotary wing to the inner wall of the agitation tank.
- the lower support body is transferred from the inclined inner wall of the agitation tank to the upper portion, and is transferred to the upper support body and then transferred to the center portion of the agitation tank (mark 504 in Fig. 5 indicates the moving direction of the support), thereby forming a circulation of the support.
- the nanoparticle manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 5 is not only simple in construction, but also reduces mechanical load. The friction phenomenon between the support bodies is reduced, the scattering phenomenon is prevented, the deposition efficiency is increased, and the uniform stirring of the fine powder is ensured.
- catalyst nanoparticles of two or more materials can be simultaneously deposited by using a deposition source of two or more different noble metal materials or a deposition source using a noble metal alloy.
- the manufacturing process of the catalyst nanoparticles includes: selection of nano materials and support materials, mounting of nano materials, and loading of support materials.
- the stage the vacuum exhaust stage, the nanoparticle manufacturing stage (stirring/deposition), the vacuum destruction stage, and the removal of the support stage in which the nanoparticles are deposited.
- first select nanomaterial targets deposited source materials such as metal materials, metal oxide materials or metal nitride materials
- support materials such as activated carbon, oxide or nitride
- the first vacuum evacuation is performed by a low vacuum pump under atmospheric pressure, and after the appropriate degree of vacuum, the second vacuum is exhausted by the high vacuum pump.
- the support in the vacuum chamber may be stirred by the stirring member at the same time.
- the deposition source is physically deposited on the support to form nanoparticles.
- the support is stirred by the stirring member during the deposition of the nanoparticles, and the nanomaterial supplied from the deposition source forms nanosized particles on the support.
- a metal oxide or metal nitride nanoparticle for a catalyst is to be produced, one method is to physically deposit a metal oxide or a metal nitride target on the surface of the support, forming a metal oxide on the surface of the support or Metal nitride nanoparticles; another method is to use metal or metal alloy targets to supply oxygen or nitrogen to the surface of the support while physically depositing on the surface of the support. It is also possible to form metal oxides or metals on the surface of the support. Nitride nanoparticles.
- the material deposited on the support during the deposition/stirring phase grows into particles when exposed to the deposition area, and the nanoparticles of a certain size move from the surface of the deposition area to the lower portion of the agitation tank from the surface of the deposition area under the agitation of the support.
- the nanoparticles moved into the agitation tank are in a stable state before re-exposure to the deposition zone to form nanoparticles of a certain size. If the nanoparticles are exposed to the deposition area before stabilization, it is likely that the nanoparticles will continue to grow to form very large nanoparticles.
- Adjustment sink The accumulated time and non-deposition time can adjust the size of the nanoparticles formed on the support.
- the deposition rate, deposition time, agitation speed, deposition energy (including the temperature of the deposition source, etc.) during the stirring/deposition process, the temperature of the support, the degree of vacuum, and the surface area of the support exposed to the deposition area are compared with the entire support volume.
- the ratio can control the size and content of the nanoparticles.
- the average size of the manufactured nanopowder can be controlled to be in the range of 1 nm to 500 nm
- the content of the silver nanopowder deposited on the support is controlled to be in the range of 1 ppm to 20, OOO ppm.
- Still another advantage of the method for producing nanoparticles of the present invention is that a material as a support can be selected from the final applied product constituent materials, thereby simplifying the process, and without additives, it is environmentally friendly and can maximize the intrinsic properties of the nanopowder.
- Nanomaterials for noble metal catalysts are high-priced nanomaterials, so in order to efficiently produce a catalyst effect with a minimum amount of precious metal, it is very important that the catalyst is present at a maximum surface in the flow of a fluid or gas to be decomposed. In order to produce an efficient catalyst effect, small nanoparticles should be formed as much as possible to maximize the surface area of the nanoparticles.
- the support material having the nanomaterials produced by the present invention can be directly used as a catalyst material or in a solution state, and then immersed in a support for supporting a catalyst nanomaterial to produce a catalyst product.
- the support may be heated before, during or after deposition to increase the bonding force between the catalyst material and the support.
- a polar or hydrophilic surface can be formed on the surface of the support by an ion beam process or a plasma process.
- the nanoparticles are more uniformly distributed on the surface of the support whose chemical structure changes to form relatively small nanoparticles.
- the fabrication of nanoparticles on the surface treated support of the present invention ensures a strong binding force between the nanoparticles and the support, and the nanoparticle deposition conditions are adjusted to obtain nanoparticles of the desired size and content.
- the article produced by the present invention is in a solid state, and thus can be processed into various forms after the production of nanoparticles. As shown in Fig. 6, it can be applied to various forms such as powder, solution, fiber, tape shape, and three-dimensional shape.
- the nanopowder attached to the support can be directly applied to the article, and can be applied to the article by mixing with various forms of liquid or solid raw materials.
- the manufactured nanoparticles attached to the support can be made into a liquid, and then can be dipped, sprayed, screened, or coated (Painting).
- the nanoparticle is prepared into various products by a method such as a pellet or a chip shape, and can be fabricated into a fiber or a three-dimensional shape by post-processing to a plurality of articles.
- Figure 7 shows an example of the application of the nanoparticles produced by the present invention to a catalyst process for automobiles.
- a support powder directly used for a catalyst for automobiles A1 2 0 3
- a noble metal Pt, Rh, Pd, etc.
- the catalyst is formed on a support (A1 2 0 3 ) by using nanoparticles (such as Pt, Rh, Pd, etc.), and the nanomaterials attached to the support are used for molding and sintering ( Processes such as sintering) can produce noble metal catalysts for honeycomb shaped structures.
- the bonding force between the supports can be increased by adding a binder during the casting process.
- Another method is to form a noble metal nanoparticle on a water-soluble support (such as an organic powder) by the nanoparticle production method/device of the present invention, and put it into a liquid state to be in a solution state, and then soak the honeycomb carrier used for the automobile catalyst.
- a noble metal catalyst for automobiles is produced, and the honeycomb carrier may be a noble metal catalyst for forming the honeycomb structure described above. It is also possible to use a conventional honeycomb carrier which does not have a catalytic action.
- Automobile catalysts can be produced by using various forms of raw materials (solid raw materials or liquid raw materials), and therefore can be used not only in the field of automotive catalysts but also in various other catalyst processes.
- An advantage of the present invention is that a plurality of supports can be selected depending on the desired field of application, and a nanomaterial or support material having specific mechanical, electrical, magnetic, optical, etc. characteristics can be selected depending on the function when adding an function to an article.
- the process of the present invention can overcome the selection between the support and the support which are difficult to be embodied by the conventional chemical methods, and it is easy to obtain a plurality of nano-products having special functions.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008801316381A CN102272037A (zh) | 2008-10-23 | 2008-10-23 | 催化剂用纳米粒子制造装置、制造方法、纳米催化剂产品及其生产方法 |
| PCT/CN2008/072799 WO2010045762A1 (zh) | 2008-10-23 | 2008-10-23 | 催化剂用纳米粒子制造装置、制造方法、纳米催化剂产品及其生产方法 |
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| PCT/CN2008/072799 WO2010045762A1 (zh) | 2008-10-23 | 2008-10-23 | 催化剂用纳米粒子制造装置、制造方法、纳米催化剂产品及其生产方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060172065A1 (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-03 | Carlotto John A | Vacuum deposition of coating materials on powders |
| WO2007049873A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-03 | P & I Corporation | Method and device for reparing powder on which nano metal, alloy, and ceramic particles are uniformly vacuum-deposited |
| CN101073711A (zh) * | 2007-06-19 | 2007-11-21 | 浙江中泰钢业集团有限公司 | 板翅式精馏塔及其操作工艺 |
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| CN200945424Y (zh) * | 2006-09-27 | 2007-09-12 | 虞培清 | 中空式螺带搅拌器 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060172065A1 (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-08-03 | Carlotto John A | Vacuum deposition of coating materials on powders |
| WO2007049873A1 (en) * | 2005-10-26 | 2007-05-03 | P & I Corporation | Method and device for reparing powder on which nano metal, alloy, and ceramic particles are uniformly vacuum-deposited |
| CN101073711A (zh) * | 2007-06-19 | 2007-11-21 | 浙江中泰钢业集团有限公司 | 板翅式精馏塔及其操作工艺 |
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| CN102272037A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
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