WO2009139319A1 - アダマンタンの製造方法 - Google Patents
アダマンタンの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009139319A1 WO2009139319A1 PCT/JP2009/058633 JP2009058633W WO2009139319A1 WO 2009139319 A1 WO2009139319 A1 WO 2009139319A1 JP 2009058633 W JP2009058633 W JP 2009058633W WO 2009139319 A1 WO2009139319 A1 WO 2009139319A1
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- tcd
- adamantane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
- C07C5/27—Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton
- C07C5/29—Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton changing the number of carbon atoms in a ring while maintaining the number of rings
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C13/00—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing rings other than, or in addition to, six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C13/28—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof
- C07C13/32—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings
- C07C13/54—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings with three condensed rings
- C07C13/605—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings with three condensed rings with a bridged ring system
- C07C13/615—Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof with condensed rings with three condensed rings with a bridged ring system with an adamantane ring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/08—Halides
- B01J27/12—Fluorides
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- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B61/00—Other general methods
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/22—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by isomerisation
- C07C5/2206—Catalytic processes not covered by C07C5/23 - C07C5/31
- C07C5/2226—Catalytic processes not covered by C07C5/23 - C07C5/31 with inorganic acids; with salt or anhydrides of acids
- C07C5/2246—Acids of halogen; Salts thereof
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2527/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/08—Halides
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- C07C2527/1206—Hydrogen fluoride
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07C2527/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- C07C2527/08—Halides
- C07C2527/12—Fluorides
- C07C2527/1213—Boron fluoride
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
- C07C2603/56—Ring systems containing bridged rings
- C07C2603/58—Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings
- C07C2603/60—Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six members
- C07C2603/66—Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings containing at least one ring with less than six members containing five-membered rings
- C07C2603/68—Dicyclopentadienes; Hydrogenated dicyclopentadienes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2603/00—Systems containing at least three condensed rings
- C07C2603/56—Ring systems containing bridged rings
- C07C2603/58—Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings
- C07C2603/70—Ring systems containing bridged rings containing three rings containing only six-membered rings
- C07C2603/74—Adamantanes
Definitions
- the present invention uses a specific catalyst in the absence of a solvent and uses endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] decane) and / or exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (tricyclo [5.2. 1.0 2,6 ] decane) to a method of continuously producing adamantane (tricyclo [3.3.1.1 3,7 ] decane) industrially advantageously.
- endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene and / or exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene may be simply abbreviated as tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene.
- the object of the present invention is to produce adamantane by isomerizing tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, and in the absence of any solvent other than tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene, which is a raw material, adamantane is not continuously precipitated as a solid and industrially produced. It is to provide a method by which adamantane can be produced.
- the present inventors have controlled the yield of adamantane and brought the reaction product into a liquid phase, thereby producing tetrahydrodicyclo, which is the raw material.
- the present inventors have found a method that does not require a solvent other than pentadiene and can continuously produce adamantane industrially, and has reached the present invention.
- the present invention includes the following aspects.
- HF-catalyst alone or two kinds of HF catalyst and BF 3 catalyst are used in the absence of solvent.
- the ratio of exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] decane) in the reaction product obtained by the first-stage isomerization reaction is determined using the raw material endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (The first stage is 0.9 parts by weight or more with respect to 1 part by weight of the total amount of tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] decane) and / or exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] decane).
- the reaction temperature (T1, ° C) in the first isomerization reaction and the reaction temperature (T2, ° C) in the second isomerization reaction satisfy the following
- exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene when an isomerization reaction is carried out using tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene as a raw material with HF catalyst alone or two types of HF catalyst and BF 3 catalyst, first, exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (hereinafter, referred to as exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene).
- exo-TCD total solubility of adamantane solubility in exo-TCD and solubility in endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene
- endo-TCD endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene
- the solvent may be altered by a super strong acid HF catalyst or BF 3 catalyst. Then, since it is a production method that does not use a solvent other than exo-TCD and / or endo-TCD, which are raw materials, a step of removing the solvent and its denatured material is unnecessary, and adamantane can be produced advantageously in terms of cost. .
- ADM adamantane
- the present invention is described in detail below.
- the present invention is an isomerization using endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] decane) and / or exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] decane) as raw materials.
- a method for producing adamantane by carrying out the reaction in two steps, as shown in the following scheme 1, endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2, 6 ] decane) to exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] decane) in the first isomerization reaction, HF catalyst alone or HF catalyst and BF 3 catalyst 2
- HF catalyst alone or HF catalyst and BF 3 catalyst 2 In the second isomerization reaction from exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (tricyclo [5.2.1.0 2,6 ] decane) to adamantane (tricyclo [3.3.1.1 3,7 ] decane) using seeds, no solvent is present H below
- a method for producing adamantane, wherein an F catalyst and a BF 3 catalyst are used.
- exo-TCD stereoisomers
- endo-TCD can be used alone or as a mixture of both.
- TCD is obtained by hydrogenating dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), which is a Diels-Alder reaction product of cyclopentadiene, but endo-TCD is preferentially obtained in the hydrogenation reaction of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD).
- DCPD dicyclopentadiene
- Endo-TCD is preferentially obtained in the hydrogenation reaction of dicyclopentadiene (DCPD).
- endo-TCD is as high as 78 ° C.
- the temperature must be maintained above the melting point.
- HF catalyst alone or two types of HF catalyst and BF 3 catalyst are known to isomerize from endo-TCD to exo-TCD (-91 ° C) with a low melting point. When it is allowed to proceed, the TCD remaining in the reaction solution is almost exo-TCD.
- TCD has a high conversion rate (isomerization from endo-TCD to exo-TCD, change from TCD to another), and adamantane is obtained in high yield
- a sufficient residence time under the isomerization reaction conditions in the present invention the adamantane yield under the conditions is a high ratio to the adamantane yield that can be assumed under the conditions. It is what you point to.
- the present invention achieves a two-stage isomerization reaction in a liquid phase state by almost isomerizing from endo-TCD to exo-TCD and controlling the yield of adamantane. It was possible to produce adamantane. More specifically, isomerization from endo-TCD to exo-TCD means that the ratio of exo- TCD in the reaction product solution obtained by the first-stage isomerization reaction is determined as the raw material endo- TCD and / or Or it is 0.9 weight part or more with respect to 1 weight part of the total amount of exo- TCD.
- adamantane may be generated from exo-TCD before endo-TCD is isomerized to exo-TCD, and a large amount of endo-TCD may remain in the reaction product solution, and the liquid phase may not be obtained.
- the melting point of endo-TCD is 78 ° C. and solid at room temperature
- the present invention is technically characterized in that the progress of such an isomerization reaction can be controlled.
- exo-TCD which has a low melting point, acts effectively as a solvent in the reaction product solution, so if exo-TCD in the reaction product solution is recovered and reused, endo-TCD is supplied as a new raw material.
- the substantial yield of adamantane (the yield of adamantane is suppressed below the solubility of adamantane in exo-TCD (eg, 15 to 20 ml%), Considering the yield of adamantane obtained from the isomerization reaction of the recovered exo-TCD, the real yield ⁇ adamantane selectivity can be increased.
- the isomerization reaction occurs in the order of endo- TCD ⁇ exo- TCD ⁇ adamantane, and the isomerization reaction from endo- TCD ⁇ adamantane does not occur.
- the coexistence state in which exo- TCD with high ability to dissolve adamantane disappears and endo- TCD with low ability to dissolve adamantane remains increases the risk of trouble that adamantane precipitates as a solid.
- the reaction temperature needs to keep the two-stage isomerization reaction in a liquid phase and suppress the yield of adamantane.
- the first-stage isomerization process is mainly a process in which endo-TCD is almost converted to exo-TCD.
- the eye isomerization step is mainly a step of isomerizing exo-TCD into adamantane.
- the reaction temperature (T1) in the first step is preferably 0 to 50 ° C., more preferably 20 to 40 ° C.
- the reaction temperature (T2) in the second step is preferably 0 to 30 ° C. higher than the reaction temperature (T1) in the first step. 0 ⁇ T1 ⁇ 50 (1) T1 ⁇ T2 ⁇ T1 + 30 (2)
- the reaction rate is increased and the yield of adamantane is improved.
- the reaction temperature in the second stage is too high, adamantane precipitates as a solid, and at the same time, the reaction time (residence time) must be controlled short to prevent precipitation, which is difficult industrially. Is not practical.
- the selectivity of adamantane may be lowered, it is not preferable.
- the reaction time (retention time) of the present invention is preferably 1 to 15 hours, more preferably 3 to 12 hours. If it is shorter than this range, the isomerization reaction from endo-TCD to exo-TCD will not proceed sufficiently, so that the yield of adamantane cannot be increased. If the length is longer than this range, the yield of adamantane is increased, and the risk of trouble in which adamantane is precipitated as a solid increases.
- the HF catalyst is preferably used in a range of 1.5 parts by weight or less, more preferably in a range of 0.3 to 1.2 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the total amount of the raw material endo-TCD and / or exo-TCD. preferable. If more than 1.5 parts by weight of the HF catalyst is used, adamantane can be obtained in good yield, but the risk of adamantane being precipitated as a solid increases, and the separation and recovery of the HF catalyst is costly, which is not industrially practical.
- the BF 3 catalyst is preferably used in the range of 0.02 to 0.5 parts by weight, preferably in the range of 0.05 to 0.3 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of the total amount of the raw material endo-TCD and / or exo-TCD. More preferably, it is used.
- the amount of BF 3 catalyst used is more than 0.5 parts by weight, the yield of adamantane is improved, but the risk of adamantane being precipitated as a solid increases, and more high-boiling compounds are by-produced. And industrially impractical.
- HF catalyst alone or two types of HF catalyst and BF 3 catalyst may be used for the first stage isomerization reaction, and a BF 3 catalyst may be additionally used for the second stage isomerization reaction.
- the HF catalyst used for the first-stage isomerization reaction acts as an HF catalyst in the second-stage isomerization reaction as it is.
- an organic layer containing adamantane and an HF / BF 3 catalyst layer containing a high-boiling compound produced as a by-product it is more preferable.
- it may be supplied as it is to a distillation tower in which hydrocarbons such as heptane are refluxed, and an HF / BF 3 catalyst may be recovered from the top of the tower, and organic components including adamantane may be recovered from the bottom of the tower. .
- the adamantane yield (production amount) after the completion of the two-stage isomerization reaction is the total of the solubility of exo-TCD and the solubility of endo-TCD. The following is preferable.
- the total ADM solubility is 20mol% at 80 °C against the purity of 80% of mixed TCD (99%) of exo-TCD in TCD and 1% of endo-TCD (hereinafter abbreviated as exo-TCD (99)).
- exo-TCD (99) the total ADM solubility is 16 mol% with respect to 84% purity of exo-TCD (99)
- the total ADM solubility is 11 mol% with respect to 89% purity of exo-TCD (99).
- the total ADM solubility is 18.5 mol% at 80 ° C and exo at 50 ° C, compared to the purity of 81.5% of mixed TCD (hereinafter abbreviated as exo-TCD (71)) with 71% exo-TCD and 29% endo-TCD.
- exo-TCD (71) mixed TCD
- the total ADM solubility is 13.9mol% for 86.1% purity of TCD (71), and the total ADM solubility is 9.6mol% for 90.4% purity of exo-TCD (71) at 25 ° C. It is preferable to control the adamantane yield (production amount).
- the reaction product liquid is obtained as a liquid mixture containing adamantane, exo-TCD, endo-TCD, by-product high boiling point compound, and HF catalyst and BF 3 catalyst.
- the reaction product liquid is separated into two layers when left standing: an organic layer containing adamantane and an HF / BF 3 catalyst layer containing high-boiling compounds produced as a by-product. can do.
- the separated HF / BF 3 catalyst layer can be thermally recovered by supplying it to a distillation column in which hydrocarbons (eg, benzene, toluene, hexane, heptane, etc.) are refluxed.
- hydrocarbons eg, benzene, toluene, hexane, heptane, etc.
- an organic component containing adamantane can also be obtained by supplying the entire amount of the reaction product solution to a distillation column in which hydrocarbons are refluxed. In that case, a solution containing hydrocarbons is obtained from the bottom of the column.
- the obtained organic component or organic layer containing adamantane is neutralized, washed with water, and then a solution containing adamantane.If necessary, the solvent is distilled off, and the adamantane is purified by conventional means such as cooling crystallization. Can be acquired.
- the reaction product was analyzed with a gas chromatography apparatus (GC apparatus) under the following conditions.
- Apparatus GC-17A (manufactured by SHIMADZU Corporation) Column used: HR-1 (manufactured by Shinwa Kako Co., Ltd.) Analysis conditions: Injection Temp. 310 °C Detector Temp. 310 °C Column temperature: 100 ° C., hold for 0 minutes ⁇ Temperature rise to 320 ° C.
- the organic layer containing adamantane is separated by standing and liquid separation, and 2% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (sodium hydroxide is a reagent: manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., and pure water is procured in-house) Washed once with warm water twice.
- sodium hydroxide is a reagent: manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., and pure water is procured in-house
- Washed once with warm water twice Washed once with warm water twice.
- To 1 g of the obtained organic layer 0.1 g of an internal standard dibenzyl (reagent: Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added and GC injection was performed.
- the conversion rate of TCD, the yield of adamantane and the selectivity of adamantane were determined by the following calculation formulas.
- TCD conversion (mol%) 100-unreacted TCD (exo-TCD + endo-TCD)
- Adamantane yield (mol%) Adamantane production amount
- Adamantane selectivity (mol%) Adamantane yield / TCD conversion rate x 100
- Example 1 TCD isomerization was carried out using a continuous two-stage reactor connected to two 0.5 L Hastelloy autoclaves equipped with an electromagnetic stirrer, heating device, gas and liquid supply port, and reactant discharge port. .
- 300 g of HF catalyst (reagent: manufactured by Morita Chemical Co., Ltd.) was charged into the first-stage reactor, and 300 g of HF catalyst was charged into the second-stage reactor.
- the first-stage reactor was heated to 30 ° C. with a heating apparatus, and the second-stage reactor was heated to 50 ° C.
- the ratio of exo / endo isomer is 0.285, purity 99.2% TCD (procured in-house) at a rate of 2.80 g / min., HF catalyst at a rate of 2.06 g / min.
- BF 3 catalyst (reagent: manufactured by Stella Chemifa Corporation) was separately supplied at a rate of 0.14 g / min.
- the average residence time was 1 hour.
- liquid transfer from the first-stage reactor to the second-stage reactor is started, and at the same time, the liquid level in the second-stage reactor is changed.
- the flow rate was controlled to keep it constant. Sampling was performed 4.5 hours after starting the feed of the raw material and catalyst to the first stage reactor (corresponding to 4.5 times the average residence time).
- the composition of the reaction product solution in the first-stage reactor was 86 mol% for exo-TCD, 9 mol% for adamantane, and 0.5 mol% for endo-TCD.
- the composition of the reaction product in the second stage reactor was 75 mol% for exo-TCD, 15.5 mol% for adamantane, and 0.5 mol% for endo-TCD.
- the adamantane yield is 15.5 mol%
- the adamantane selectivity is 15.5 / 24.5.
- ⁇ 100 63.2 mol%.
- Example 2 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that endo-TCD having a purity of 99.5% was used as a raw material.
- the composition of the reaction product solution in the first-stage reactor was 87 mol% for exo-TCD, 9 mol% for adamantane, and 0.8 mol% for endo-TCD.
- the composition of the reaction product in the second stage reactor was 75 mol% for exo-TCD, 15.2 mol% for adamantane, and 0.5 mol% for endo-TCD.
- Example 3 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed, except that TCD which was exo-TCD and had a purity of 99.4% was used as a raw material.
- the composition of the reaction product solution in the first-stage reactor was 86 mol% for exo-TCD and 10 mol% for adamantane.
- the composition of the reaction product solution in the second-stage reactor was 75 mol% for exo-TCD and 15.6 mol% for adamantane.
- the adamantane yield is 15.2 mol%
- Example 4 The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the recovered exo-TCD having a purity of 98.0% was used as a raw material.
- the composition of the reaction product solution in the first-stage reactor was 84 mol% for exo-TCD and 10 mol% for adamantane.
- the composition of the reaction product solution in the second-stage reactor was 72 mol% for exo-TCD and 15.4 mol% for adamantane.
- the adamantane yield is 15.2 mol%
- Example 5 The isomerization reaction was carried out using the same equipment as in Example 1. 300 g of HF catalyst (reagent: manufactured by Morita Chemical Co., Ltd.) was charged into the first-stage reactor, and 300 g of HF catalyst was charged into the second-stage reactor. The first reactor was heated to 50 ° C. with a heating device, and the second reactor was heated to 50 ° C. Then, the first stage reactor was supplied with TCD (provided by the company) at a ratio of exo / endo isomer of 0.285, purity of 99.2% at a rate of 0.11 g / min, and HF catalyst at a rate of 0.50 g / min. did.
- TCD provided by the company
- Sampling was performed 12 hours after starting the feed of the raw material and catalyst to the first stage reactor (1.5 times the average residence time of 8.2 hours).
- the composition of the reaction product in the first stage reactor was exo -TCD was 86 mol%, adamantane was 0.3 mol%, and endo-TCD was 8.9 mol%.
- the composition of the reaction product solution in the second-stage reactor was 76 mol% for exo-TCD, 14.9 mol% for adamantane, and 0.5 mol% for endo-TCD.
- the adamantane yield is 14.9 mol%
- the adamantane selectivity is 14.9 / 23.5.
- ⁇ 100 63.4 mol%.
- Example 1 The operation was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the first-stage reactor was not used and only the second-stage reactor was used, and the isomerization reaction was performed at 50 ° C. in the first stage. .
- the reactor outlet at the second stage was clogged 1 hour after starting the feed of raw materials and catalyst to the reactor.
- the composition of the reaction product solution was 45.0 mol% for exo-TCD, 15.0 mol% adamantane yield, and 30.5 mol% endo-TCD.
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Abstract
Description
(1)endo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)及び/又はexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)を原料として用いて異性化反応を2段階で行ってアダマンタン(トリシクロ [3.3.1.13,7] デカン)を製造する方法であって、endo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)からexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)への一段目の異性化反応では、溶媒不存在下でHF触媒単独あるいはHF触媒およびBF3触媒の二種を用い、exo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)からアダマンタン(トリシクロ [3.3.1.13,7] デカン)への二段目の異性化反応では、溶媒不存在下でHF触媒およびBF3触媒を用いることを特徴とするアダマンタンの製造方法;
(3)前記一段目の異性化反応にHF触媒単独あるいはHF触媒およびBF3触媒の二種を用い、前記二段目の異性化反応に更にBF3触媒を追加する、上記(1)または(2)に記載のアダマンタンの製造方法;
(4)原料であるendo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)及び/又はexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)の合計量の1重量部に対して、1.5重量部以下のHF触媒と0.02~0.5重量部のBF3触媒を用いる、上記(1)から(3)のいずれかに記載のアダマンタンの製造方法;
(5)未異性化のexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)を回収して再使用する、上記(1)から(4)のいずれかに記載のアダマンタンの製造方法;
(6)前記一段目の異性化反応における反応温度(T1、℃)と前記二段目の異性化反応における反応温度(T2、℃)が、下記式(1)及び(2)を満たすように温度を制御する、上記(1)から(5)のいずれかに記載のアダマンタンの製造方法。
0≦T1≦50 (1)
T1≦T2≦T1+30 (2)
本発明は、endo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)及び/又はexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)を原料として用いて異性化反応を2段階で行ってアダマンタン(トリシクロ [3.3.1.13,7] デカン)を製造する方法であって、下記スキーム1に示すように、endo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)からexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)への一段目の異性化反応では、溶媒不存在下でHF触媒単独あるいはHF触媒およびBF3触媒の2種を用い、exo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)からアダマンタン(トリシクロ [3.3.1.13,7] デカン)への二段目の異性化反応では、溶媒不存在下でHF触媒およびBF3触媒を用いることを特徴とするアダマンタンの製造方法である。
0≦T1≦50 (1)
T1≦T2≦T1+30 (2)
二段目の工程の反応温度を等しく或いは0~30℃高くすることで、反応速度が上がりアダマンタンの収率が向上する。一方、二段目の工程の反応温度を高くし過ぎるとアダマンタンが固体として析出すると同時に、析出を防止するためには反応時間(滞留時間)を短く制御しなければならず、工業的には困難であり、実用的でない。またアダマンタンの選択性も低くなることがあるため好ましくない。
S exo = 0.169×T+7.4 (3)
またendo-TCDに対するADM溶解度(S endo)は、反応温度(T、単位は℃)と下記式(4)を満たし、かつ、式(3)と加成性が成り立つことを見いだした。すなわち、合計ADM溶解度=ADM溶解度(S exo)+ ADM溶解度(S endo)、となる。
S endo = 0.071×T+3.6 (4)
装置:GC-17A(SHIMADZU株式会社製)
使用カラム:HR-1(信和化工株式会社製)
分析条件:Injection Temp. 310℃ Detector Temp. 310℃
カラム温度:100℃、0分保持→5℃/分で320℃まで昇温→320℃、0分保持
検出器:水素炎イオン化検出器(FID)
方法:反応生成液を純水(自社調達品)及びヘプタン(試薬:和光純薬工業株式会社製)の入ったポリプロピレン製受器に抜き出した。その際、水の量は仕込んだHF触媒に対して充分な量であればよく、ヘプタンは仕込んだTCDの3倍重量を目安とした。その後、静置し液々分離することでアダマンタン含有の有機層を分取し、2%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(水酸化ナトリウムは試薬:和光純薬工業株式会社製、純水は自社調達品)で1回、温水で2回洗浄した。得られた有機層1gに対し、内標のジベンジル(試薬:和光純薬工業株式会社製)0.1gを加えGC注入した。TCDの転化率、アダマンタンの収率およびアダマンタンの選択率は、以下の計算式により求めた。
TCD転化率(mol%)=100-未反応TCD(exo-TCD +endo-TCD)
アダマンタン収率(mol%)=アダマンタン生成量
アダマンタン選択率(mol%)=アダマンタン収率/TCD転化率×100
電磁攪拌装置、加熱装置、ガス及び液供給口、反応物排出口を備えた内容積0.5Lのハステロイ製オートクレーブ2台を接続した連続2段式反応器を用いてTCDの異性化反応を行った。1段目の反応器にHF触媒(試薬:森田化学工業株式会社製)300gを仕込み、2段目の反応器にHF触媒を300g仕込んだ。加熱装置で1段目の反応器を30℃まで、2段目の反応器を50℃まで昇温した。ついで1段目の反応器にexo/endo異性体の比が0.285、純度99.2%のTCD(自社調達品)を2.80g/min.の割合で、HF触媒を2.06g/min.の割合で、BF3触媒(試薬:ステラケミファ株式会社製)を0.14g/minの割合で別々に供給した。原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、0.74重量部のHF触媒と0.05重量部のBF3触媒に相当し、平均滞留時間は1時間であった。
ついで1段目の反応器中の液面を一定に保ちつつ、1段目の反応器より2段目の反応器への液移送を開始し、同時に2段目の反応器中の液面を一定に保つように流量を制御した。1段目の反応器への原料と触媒供給を始めてから4.5時間後(平均滞留時間の4.5倍に相当)にサンプリングを実施した。1段目の反応器における反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが86 mol%、アダマンタンが9 mol%、endo-TCDが0.5 mol%であった。原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、exo-TCD は0.99重量部、86/(86+0.5)=0.99となり、endo-TCD は0.006重量部、0.5/(86+0.5)=0.006となった。また2段目の反応器における反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが75 mol%、アダマンタン が15.5 mol%、endo-TCDが0.5 mol%であった。原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、exo-TCD は0.99重量部、75/(75+0.5)=0.99となり、endo-TCD は0.007重量部、0.5/(75+0.5)=0.007となった。従って、2段連続異性化反応後の反応生成液の組成から、TCD転化率は、100-(75+0.5)=24.5 mol%であり、アダマンタン収率15.5 mol%、アダマンタン選択率は15.5/24.5×100=63.2 mol%であった。
endo-TCDであって純度99.5%のTCDを原料に用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の操作を行った。1段目の反応器における反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが87 mol%、アダマンタンが9 mol%、endo-TCDが0.8mol%であった。原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、exo-TCD は0.99重量部、87/(87+0.8)=0.99であり、endo-TCD は0.009重量部、0.8/(87+0.8)=0.009であった。また2段目の反応器における反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが75 mol%、アダマンタン が15.2mol%、endo-TCDが0.5 mol%であった。原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、exo-TCD は0.99重量部、75/(75+0.5)=0.99であり、endo-TCD は0.007重量部、0.5/(75+0.5)=0.007であった。従って、2段連続異性化反応後の反応生成液の組成から、TCD転化率は、100-(75+0.5)=24.5 mol%、アダマンタン収率15.2 mol%、アダマンタン選択率は、15.2/24.5×100=62.0 mol%であった。
exo-TCDであって純度99.4%のTCDを原料に用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の操作を行った。1段目の反応器における反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが86 mol%、アダマンタンが10 mol%であった。原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、exo-TCD は1.00重量部、86/(86+0)=1.00であった。また2段目の反応器における反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが75 mol%、アダマンタン が15.6mol%であった。従って、2段連続異性化反応後の反応生成液の組成から、TCD転化率は、100-75=25 mol%、 アダマンタン収率15.2 mol%、アダマンタン選択率は、15.2/25×100=60.8mol%であった。
回収したexo-TCDであって純度98.0%のTCDを原料に用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の操作を行った。1段目の反応器における反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが84mol%、アダマンタンが10 mol%であった。原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、exo-TCD は1.00重量部、84/(84+0)=1.00であった。また2段目の反応器における反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが72 mol%、アダマンタン が15.4mol%であった。従って、2段連続異性化反応後の反応生成液の組成から、TCD転化率は、100-72=28mol%、アダマンタン収率は15.2 mol%、アダマンタン選択率は、15.2/28×100=54.3mol%であった。
実施例1と同様な設備を用いて異性化反応を行った。1段目の反応器にHF触媒(試薬:森田化学工業株式会社製)300gを仕込み、2段目の反応器にHF触媒を300g仕込んだ。加熱装置で1段目の反応器を50℃まで、2段目の反応器を50℃まで昇温した。ついで1段目の反応器にexo/endo異性体の比が0.285、純度99.2%のTCD(自社調達品)を0.11g/min.の割合で、HF触媒を0.50g/min.の割合で供給した。原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、4.4重量部のHF触媒に相当し、平均滞留時間は8.2時間であった。
ついで1段目の反応器中の液面を一定に保ちつつ、1段目の反応器より2段目の反応器への液移送を開始し、BF3 触媒(試薬:ステラケミファ株式会社製)を0.01g/minの割合で供給(原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、0.10重量部のBF3に相当、平均滞留時間は8.2時間)し、同時に2段目の反応器中の液面を一定に保つように流量を制御した。1段目の反応器への原料と触媒供給を始めてから12時間後(平均滞留時間8.2時間の1.5倍)にサンプリングを実施したところ、1段目の反応器における反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが86 mol%、アダマンタンが0.3 mol%、endo-TCDが8.9 mol%であった。原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、exo-TCD は0.91重量部、86/(86+8.9)=0.91であり、endo-TCD は0.094重量部、8.9/(86+8.9)=0.094であった。また、2段目の反応器における反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが76 mol%、アダマンタン が14.9mol%、endo-TCDが0.5 mol%であった。原料の1重量部のTCDに対して、exo-TCD は0.99重量部、76/(76+0.5)=0.99であり、endo-TCD は0.007重量部、0.5/(76+0.5)=0.007であった。従って、2段連続異性化反応後の反応生成液の組成から、TCD転化率は、100-(76+0.5)=23.5 mol%、アダマンタン収率は14.9 mol%、アダマンタン選択率は、14.9/23.5×100=63.4 mol%であった。
1段目の反応器は使用せず、2段目の反応器のみを使用して、50℃、1段で異性化反応を行った以外は、実施例1と同様の条件で操作を行った。その結果、反応器への原料と触媒供給を始めてから1時間後に2段目の反応器出口が詰まった。そこで反応器出口を開放し反応生成液を分析したところ、反応生成液の組成は、exo-TCDが45.0 mol%、アダマンタン収率 が15.0mol%、endo-TCDが30.5mol%であった。前記式(3)及び(4)から算出されるアダマンタンのTCDに対する合計ADM溶解度は12.3mol%であるため、アダマンタン収率(生成量)がその溶解度を超えたことによりアダマンタンが固体として析出し、詰まったことが分かった。
Claims (6)
- endo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)及び/又はexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)を原料として用いて異性化反応を2段階で行ってアダマンタン(トリシクロ [3.3.1.13,7] デカン)を製造する方法であって、endo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)からexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)への一段目の異性化反応では、溶媒不存在下でHF触媒単独あるいはHF触媒およびBF3触媒の二種を用い、exo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)からアダマンタン(トリシクロ [3.3.1.13,7] デカン)への二段目の異性化反応では、溶媒不存在下でHF触媒およびBF3触媒を用いることを特徴とするアダマンタンの製造方法。
- 前記一段目の異性化反応で得られる反応生成液中のexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)の割合を、原料であるendo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)及び/又はexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)の合計量の1重量部に対して0.9重量部以上として前記一段目の異性化反応を行う、請求項1に記載のアダマンタンの製造方法。
- 前記一段目の異性化反応にHF触媒あるいはHF触媒およびBF3触媒の二種を用い、前記二段目の異性化反応に更にBF3触媒を追加する、請求項1または2に記載のアダマンタンの製造方法。
- 原料であるendo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)及び/又はexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン)の合計量の1重量部に対して、1.5重量部以下のHF触媒と0.02~0.5重量部のBF3触媒を用いる、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載のアダマンタンの製造方法。
- 未異性化のexo-テトラヒドロジシクロペンタジエン(トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6] デカン)を回収して再使用する、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載のアダマンタンの製造方法。
- 前記一段目の異性化反応における反応温度(T1、℃)と前記二段目の異性化反応における反応温度(T2、単位は℃)が、下記式(1)及び(2)を満たすように温度を制御する、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載のアダマンタンの製造方法。
0≦T1≦50 (1)
T1≦T2≦T1+30 (2)
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| US12/736,653 US8188326B2 (en) | 2008-05-14 | 2009-05-07 | Process for producing adamantane |
| RU2010150951/04A RU2494084C2 (ru) | 2008-05-14 | 2009-05-07 | Способ получения адамантана |
| EP09746526.4A EP2277843B1 (en) | 2008-05-14 | 2009-05-07 | Process for producing adamantane |
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| WO2012063809A1 (ja) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-18 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 1,3-ジメチルアダマンタンの製造方法 |
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| CN115850007B (zh) * | 2021-09-24 | 2025-10-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种连续制备挂式四氢双环戊二烯的方法 |
| CN114751804B (zh) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-09-12 | 肯特催化材料股份有限公司 | 一种金刚烷的制备方法 |
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| OLAH, GEORGE A. ET AL.: "Superacid- catalyzed isomerization of endo- to exo- trimethylenenorbornane (tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene) and to adamantane", JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, vol. 51, no. 26, 1986, pages 5410 - 5413, XP008144858 * |
| See also references of EP2277843A4 |
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| CN101786936A (zh) * | 2010-03-05 | 2010-07-28 | 浙江大学 | 一种合成挂式四氢双环戊二烯的方法 |
| CN101786936B (zh) * | 2010-03-05 | 2012-11-14 | 浙江大学 | 一种合成挂式四氢双环戊二烯的方法 |
| WO2012063809A1 (ja) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-18 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 1,3-ジメチルアダマンタンの製造方法 |
| CN103201239A (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2013-07-10 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 1,3-二甲基金刚烷的制造方法 |
| CN103201239B (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2015-04-08 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 1,3-二甲基金刚烷的制造方法 |
| US9085503B2 (en) | 2010-11-12 | 2015-07-21 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. | Method for producing 1,3-dimethyladamantane |
| EP2639214A4 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2015-09-16 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co | Method for producing 1,3-dimethyladamantane |
| JP5862573B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-12 | 2016-02-16 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 1,3−ジメチルアダマンタンの製造方法 |
| KR101875986B1 (ko) * | 2010-11-12 | 2018-07-06 | 미츠비시 가스 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 | 1,3-디메틸아다만탄의 제조 방법 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2277843A1 (en) | 2011-01-26 |
| CN102026942B (zh) | 2014-05-28 |
| ES2702088T3 (es) | 2019-02-27 |
| KR101588067B1 (ko) | 2016-01-22 |
| TWI430984B (zh) | 2014-03-21 |
| JPWO2009139319A1 (ja) | 2011-09-22 |
| EP2277843A4 (en) | 2012-06-27 |
| US8188326B2 (en) | 2012-05-29 |
| US20110112346A1 (en) | 2011-05-12 |
| RU2494084C2 (ru) | 2013-09-27 |
| EP2277843B1 (en) | 2018-10-10 |
| TW201002660A (en) | 2010-01-16 |
| RU2010150951A (ru) | 2012-06-20 |
| JP5531953B2 (ja) | 2014-06-25 |
| KR20110021766A (ko) | 2011-03-04 |
| CN102026942A (zh) | 2011-04-20 |
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