WO2009130308A1 - Use of detergent additives in combination with carrier oils for lowering the fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of detergent additives in combination with carrier oils for lowering the fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines and particularly of diesel engines with common rail injection systems.

Description

 Use of detergent additives in combination with carrier oils to reduce the fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines

description

The present invention relates to the use of detergent additives in combination with carrier oils to reduce the fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines and more particularly diesel engines with common rail injection systems.

The depletion of fossil fuel deposits will occur in the foreseeable future, and regenerative fuels will not be available to any extent. Therefore, there are ongoing efforts to reduce the fuel and fuel consumption of combustion devices operated therewith, such as engines. One approach is the addition of certain additives to fuel oils, particularly fuels and lubricants that reduce fuel consumption.

EP-A-1323816 describes the use of detergent additives in combination with dispersants in a lubricating oil composition for reducing fuel consumption in diesel engines of agricultural vehicles.

No. 5,314,511 describes the use of peroxidic cetane number improvers in combination with glycol ethers for reducing the fuel consumption of diesel engines.

However, the fuel economy achieved by means of the additives of the prior art is still unsatisfactory.

Another approach is to increase the efficiency of the engines, which is achieved in particular by optimizing the combustion processes in the combustion chamber by direct injection.

In direct-injection diesel engines, the fuel is injected through a multi-hole injection nozzle of the engine directly into the combustion chamber and finely distributed (nebulized) instead of being introduced into a pre- or swirl chamber as in the classic (chamber) diesel engine. The advantage of direct-injection diesel engines lies in their high performance for diesel engines and yet low consumption. In addition, these engines achieve a very high torque even at low speeds. Essentially, three methods are currently used to inject the fuel directly into the combustion chamber: the conventional distributor injection pump, the unit injector system and the common rail system.

In the common-rail system, the diesel fuel is pumped by a pump with pressures up to 2000 bar into a high-pressure line, the common rail (literally "common line"). Starting from the common rail, stub lines run to the various injectors, which inject the fuel directly into the combustion chamber. In this case, the full pressure is always applied to the common rail, which allows a multiple injection or a special injection form. For the other injection systems, however, only one injection is possible.

Even though fuel consumption has already been reduced by the optimized injection geometry in direct-injection diesel engines, there is still a need for an even greater reduction in consumption.

WO 2006/100083 describes the use of detergent additives for reducing the amount of particulates in the exhaust emissions of direct injection diesel engines and in particular of diesel engines with common rail injection systems. A reduction in fuel consumption is not mentioned.

The object of the present invention was to provide additives which reduce the fuel consumption of direct-injection diesel engines and in particular of diesel engines with a common-rail injection system more effectively.

The object is achieved by the use of at least one detergent additive in combination with at least one carrier oil for reducing the fuel consumption of direct-injection diesel engines.

The following remarks on preferred embodiments of the invention, in particular on suitable and preferred detergent additives, carrier oils and diesel engines and the execution of the use according to the invention apply both to themselves and in particular in every conceivable combination with one another.

In particular, direct-injection diesel engines are those with common-rail injection systems. The detergent additives are preferably amphiphilic substances which contain at least one hydrophobic hydrocarbon radical having a number-average molecular weight (M _n ) of from 85 to 20 000 and at least one polar grouping selected from:

(a) mono- or polyamino groups having up to 6 nitrogen atoms, at least one nitrogen atom having basic properties;

(b) nitro groups, optionally in combination with hydroxyl groups;

(c) hydroxyl groups in combination with mono- or polyamino groups, wherein at least one nitrogen atom has basic properties;

(d) carboxyl groups or their alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts;

(e) sulfonic acid groups or their alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts;

(f) polyoxy-C 2 -C 4 alkylene moieties terminated by hydroxyl groups, mono- or polyamino groups, wherein at least one nitrogen atom has basic properties, or terminated by carbamate groups;

(g) carboxylic acid ester groups;

(h) succinic anhydride-derived moieties having hydroxy and / or amino and / or amido and / or imido groups; and or

(i) by Mannich reaction of substituted phenols with aldehydes and mono- or polyamines generated groupings.

The hydrophobic hydrocarbon radical in the above detergent additives which provides sufficient solubility in the fuel has a number average molecular weight (Mn) of from 85 to 20,000, preferably from 13 to 10,000, more preferably from 300 to 5000, more preferably from 300 to 3000, even more preferably from 500 to 2500 and in particular from 700 to 2500, especially from 800 to 1500. As a typical hydrophobic hydrocarbon radical, in particular in conjunction with the polar groups (a), (c), (h) and (i) come longer-chain alkyl or alkenyl groups, in particular polypropenyl, polybutenyl and polyisobutenyl radicals having a number-average molecular weight M _n of preferably from 300 to 5,000, especially preferably 300 to 3000, more preferably 500 to 2500 even more preferably 700 to 2500 and in particular 800 to 1500 into consideration.

As examples of the above groups of detergent additives, the following are mentioned:

Mono- or polyamino (a) -containing additives are preferably polyalkylene mono- or polyalkene polyamines based on polypropene or conventional (ie with predominantly intermediate double bonds) polybutene or polyisobutene having M _n from 300 to 5000, more preferably from 500 to 2500 and in particular from 700 to 2500. If one starts with the preparation of the additives of polybutene or polyisobutene with predominantly central double bonds (usually in the beta and gamma position), the preparation route by chlorination and subsequent amination or by oxidation of the double bond with air or ozone to the carbonyl or carboxyl compound and subsequent amination under reductive (hydrogenating) conditions. For amination here amines, such as. As ammonia, monoamines or polyamines, such as dimethylaminopropylamine, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine or tetraethylenepentamine, are used. Corresponding additives based on polypropene are described in particular in WO-A-94/24231.

Further preferred monoamino groups (a) containing additives are the hydrogenation products of the reaction products of polyisobutenes having an average degree of polymerization P of 5 to 100 with nitrogen oxides or mixtures of nitrogen oxides and oxygen, as described in particular in WO-A-97/03946.

Further preferred monoamino groups (a) containing additives are the polyisobutene epoxides by reaction with amines and subsequent dehydration and reduction of the amino alcohols obtainable compounds, as described in particular in DE-A-196 20 262.

Nitro groups (b), optionally in combination with hydroxyl groups, containing additives are preferably reaction products of polyisobutenes of average degree of polymerization P of 5 to 100 or from 10 to 100 with nitrogen oxides or mixtures of nitrogen oxides and oxygen, as described in particular in WO-A-96 /. 03367 and WO-A-96/03479 are described. As a rule, these reaction products are mixtures of pure nitropolyisobutenes (for example α, β-dinitropolyisobutene) and mixed hydroxynitropolyisobutenes (for example α-nitro-β-hydroxy-polyisobutene). Hydroxyl groups in combination with mono- or polyamino groups (c) containing additives are, in particular, reaction products of polyisobutene epoxides obtainable from polyisobutene preferably having predominantly terminal double bonds with Mn of 300 to 5000, with ammonia, mono- or polyamines, as used in particular EP-A-476 485 are described.

Carboxyl groups or their alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts (d) containing additives are preferably copolymers of C 2 -C 4 olefins with maleic anhydride having a total molecular weight of 500 to 20,000, their carboxyl groups wholly or partially to the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts and a remaining group of the carboxyl groups reacted with alcohols or amines. Such additives are known in particular from EP-A-307 815. Such additives are primarily used to prevent valve seat wear and, as described in WO-A-87/01126, can be advantageously used in combination with conventional fuel detergents such as poly (iso) butenamines or polyetheramines.

Sulphonic acid groups or their alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts (e) containing additives are preferably alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of a sulfosuccinic acid alkyl ester, as described in particular in EP-A-639 632. Such additives are primarily used to prevent valve seat wear and can be used to advantage in combination with conventional fuel detergents such as poly (iso) butenamines or polyetheramines.

Polyoxy-C2-C4-alkylene (f) containing additives are preferably polyether or polyetheramines, which by reaction of C2-C6o-alkanols,

C 6 -C 30 -alkanediols, mono- or di-C 2 -C 30 -alkylamines, C 1 -C 30 -alkylcyclohexanols or C 1 -C 30 -alkylphenols with 1 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and / or butylene oxide per hydroxyl group or amino group and, in the case of the polyetheramines, by subsequent reductive amination with ammonia, monoamines or polyamines are available. Such products are described in particular in EP-A-310 875, EP-A-356 725, EP-A-700 985 and US-A-4 877 416. In the case of polyethers, such products also meet carrier oil properties. Typical examples thereof are tridecanol or isotridecanol butoxylates, isononylphenol butoxylates and also polyisobutenol butoxylates and propoxylates and the corresponding reaction products with ammonia.

Carboxylic ester groups (g) containing additives are preferably esters of mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acids with long-chain alkanols or polyols, especially those having a minimum viscosity of 2 mm ² / s at 100 ⁰ C, as in particular in DE-A-38 38 918 are described. As mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acids it is possible to use aliphatic or aromatic acids, especially suitable ester alcohols or polyols are long-chain representatives having, for example, 6 to 24 C atoms. Typical representatives of the esters are adipates, phthalates, isophthalates, terephthalates and trimellitates of iso-octanol, iso-nonanol, iso-decanol and of isotridecanol. Such products also meet carrier oil properties.

Succinic anhydride-derived groupings containing hydroxyl and / or amino and / or amido and / or imido (h) -containing additives are preferably corresponding derivatives of alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydride, and especially the corresponding derivatives of polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride, which Reaction of conventional or highly reactive polyisobutene with M _n of preferably 300 to 5000, more preferably from 300 to 3000, more preferably from 500 to 2500, even more preferably from 700 to 2500 and in particular from 800 to 1500, with maleic anhydride thermal pathway in an ene reaction or via the chlorinated polyisobutene are available. The groups having hydroxyl and / or amino and / or amido and / or imido groups are, for example, carboxylic acid groups, acid amides of monoamines, acid amides of diamines or polyamines which, in addition to the amide function, still have free amine groups, succinic acid derivatives with an acid and an amide function, carboximides with monoamines, carboximides with di- or polyamines which, in addition to the imide function, still have free amine groups, or diimides which are formed by reacting di- or polyamines with two succinic acid derivatives. Such fuel additives are well known and are described, for example, in US-A-4,849,572. Preference is given to the reaction products of alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted succinic acids or derivatives thereof with amines and particularly preferably to the reaction products of polyisobutenyl-substituted succinic acids or derivatives thereof with amines. Of particular interest here are reaction products with aliphatic polyamines (polyalkyleneimines), in particular ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine,

Tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine and hexaethyleneheptamine. Of these, particular preference is given to diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine and pentaethylenehexamine.

By Mannich reaction of substituted phenols with aldehydes and mono- or polyamines generated groupings (i) containing additives are preferably reaction products of polyisobutene-substituted phenols with formaldehyde and mono- or polyamines such as ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine or dimethylaminopropylamine. The polyisobutenyl substituted phenols may be derived from conventional or highly reactive polyisobutene having Mn from 300 to 5,000. Such "polyisobutene-Mannich bases" are described in particular in EP-A-831 141.

For a more detailed definition of the individual listed fuel additives is hereby made to the disclosures of the above-mentioned documents of the prior art express reference.

Particularly preferred are detergent additives from group (h). These are preferably the reaction products (especially imides) of alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted succinic anhydrides, in particular of polyisobutenylsuccinic anhydrides, with amines, especially with the abovementioned polyamines. It goes without saying that these reaction products are obtainable not only when substituted succinic anhydride is used, but also when substituted succinic acid or suitable acid derivatives, such as succinic acid halides or esters, are used. Particularly preferred detergent additives (h) are polyisobutenyl-substituted succinimides, especially the imides with aliphatic polyamines. Particularly preferred polyamines are diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine and pentaethylenehexamine, with tetraethylenepentamine being particularly preferred. The polyisobutenyl radical has a number average molecular weight M _n of preferably 300 to 5000, z. B. from 300 to 5000, more preferably from 300 to 3000, z. From 500 to 3000, more preferably from 500 to 2500, even more preferably from 700 to 2500, and especially from 800 to 1500, e.g. B. of about 1000.

It goes without saying that the detergent additives can be used alone or in combination with at least one of the aforementioned detergent additives. Preferably, however, the detergent additive (h) is used alone or as a mixture of various detergent additives (h).

According to the invention, the detergent additive is used in combination with at least one carrier oil.

carrier oils

The carrier oils may be mineral or synthetic in nature.

Suitable mineral carrier oils are fractions obtained in petroleum processing, such as bright stock or base oils with viscosities such as from class SN 500-2000; but also aromatic hydrocarbons, paraffinic hydrocarbons and alkoxyalkanols. Is also useful is known as a "hydrocracking oil" and obtained in the refining of mineral oil fraction (vacuum distillate cut having a boiling range of about 360-500 ⁰ C, obtainable from at high pressure catalytically hydrogenated and isomerized and also deparaffinized natural mineral oil). Also suitable are mixtures of the abovementioned mineral carrier oils.

Examples of synthetic carrier oils which can be used according to the invention are selected from polyolefins (polyalphaolefins or polyinternalolefins), (poly) esters, (poly) alkoxylates, polyethers, aliphatic polyetheramines, alkylphenol-initiated polyethers, alkylphenol-initiated polyetheramines and carboxylic esters of long-chain alkanols.

Examples of suitable polyolefins are olefin polymers having M _n from 400 to 1800, especially based on polybutene or polyisobutene (hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated).

Examples of suitable polyethers or polyetheramines are preferably compounds containing polyoxy-C 2 -C 4 -alkylene groups, which are prepared by reacting C 2 -C 6 -alkanols, C 6 -C 50 -alkanediols, mono- or di-C 2 -C 30 -alkylamines, C 1 -C 30 -alkyl - Cyclohexanolen or Ci-C3o-Alkylphenolen with 1 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and / or butylene oxide per hydroxyl group or amino group and, in the case of polyether amines, by subsequent reductive amination with ammonia, mono amines or polyamines are available. Such products are described in particular in EP-A-310 875, EP-A-356 725, EP-A-700 985 and US-A-4,877,416. For example, as polyetheramines, poly-C 2 -C 6 -alkylene oxide amines or functional derivatives thereof can be used. Typical examples of these are tridecanol or Isotridecanolbutoxylate, Isononylphenolbutoxylate and Polyisobutenolbutoxylate and propoxylates and the corresponding reaction products with ammonia.

Examples of carboxylic acid esters of long-chain alkanols are in particular esters of mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acids with long-chain alkanols or polyols, as described in particular in DE-A-38 38 918. As mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acids it is possible to use aliphatic or aromatic acids, especially suitable ester alcohols or polyols are long-chain representatives having, for example, 6 to 24 C atoms. Typical representatives of the esters are adipates, phthalates, isophthalates, terephthalates and trimellitates of isooctanol, isononanol, isodecanol and Isotridecanols, such as. B. di- (n- or isotridecyl) phthalate. Further suitable carrier oil systems are described, for example, in DE-A-38 26 608, DE-A-41 42 241, DE-A-43 09 074, EP-AO 452 328 and EP-AO 548 617, to which reference is hereby expressly made.

Examples of particularly suitable synthetic carrier oils are alcohol-started polyethers having from about 5 to 35, preferably about 5 to 30, particularly preferably 10 to 30 and in particular 15 to 30 Cs-Cβ-alkylene oxide units, such as. Propylene oxide, n-butylene oxide and isobutylene oxide units, or mixtures thereof, per alcohol molecule. Nonlimiting examples of suitable starter alcohols are long-chain alkanols or long-chain alkyl-substituted phenols, where the long-chain alkyl radical is in particular a straight-chain or branched Cβ-ds-AlkvIrest. Preferred examples are tridecanol and nonylphenol. Particularly preferred alcohol-started polyethers are the reaction products (polyetherification products) of monohydric aliphatic Cβ-ds alcohols with Cs-Cβ-alkylene oxides. Examples of monohydric aliphatic Cβ-C-is alcohols are hexanol, heptanol, octanol,

2-ethylhexanol, nonyl alcohol, decanol, 3-propylheptanol, undecanol, dodecanol, tridecanol, tetradecanol, pentadecanol, hexadecanol, octadecanol and their constitution / position isomers. The alcohols can be used both in the form of pure isomers and in the form of technical mixtures. A particularly preferred alcohol is tridecanol. Examples of Cs-Cβ-alkylene oxides are propylene oxide, such as

1, 2-propylene oxide, butylene oxide, such as 1, 2-butylene oxide, 2,3-butylene oxide, isobutylene oxide or tetrahydrofuran, pentylene oxide and hexylene oxide. Particularly preferred among these are C3-C4 alkylene oxides, d. H. Propylene oxide, such as 1, 2-propylene oxide, and butylene oxide, such as 1, 2-butylene oxide, 2,3-butylene oxide and isobutylene oxide. In particular, butylene oxide is used.

Further suitable synthetic carrier oils are alkoxylated alkylphenols, as described in DE-A-10 102 913.6.

Preferred carrier oils are synthetic carrier oils, the alcohol-initiated polyethers described above being particularly preferred.

The use according to the invention of the at least one detergent additive in combination with the at least one direct fuel diesel engine fuel oil is preferably accomplished by operating the engine with a diesel fuel containing the at least one detergent additive and the at least one carrier oil, ie the at least one detergent additive and the at least one carrier oil is supplied to the injection system with the diesel fuel. The at least one detergent additive and the at least one carrier oil may be supplied as a mixture or separately to the diesel oil.

To the diesel fuel is added the detergent additive or the mixture of various detergent additives in a total amount of preferably 10 to 2000 ppm by weight, more preferably from 20 to 1000 ppm by weight, more preferably from 50 to 500 ppm by weight, and in particular from 50 to 200 ppm by weight, z. B. from 70 to 150 ppm by weight added.

The carrier oil or the mixture of different carrier oils is added to the diesel fuel in an amount of preferably 1 to 1000 ppm by weight, more preferably from 10 to 500 ppm by weight, more preferably from 20 to 150 ppm by weight and especially from 50 to 150 ppm by weight, z. B. 50 to 100 ppm by weight added.

In addition, the diesel fuel may contain other conventional co-additives, such as cold flow improvers, corrosion inhibitors, demulsifiers, dehazers, defoamers, cetane number improvers, combustion improvers, antioxidants or stabilizers, antistatics, metallocenes, metal deactivators, dyes, solvents, and the like. It is believed that the use of these additives has essentially no effect on the reduction of particulate emissions.

Suitable cold flow improvers are z. B. copolymers of ethylene with at least one other ethylenically unsaturated monomer, e.g. B. ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers.

Suitable corrosion inhibitors are z. As succinic acid esters, especially with polyols, fatty acid derivatives, eg. For example, oleic acid esters, oligomerized fatty acids, substituted ethanolamines and products sold under the trade name RC 4801 (Rhein Chemie Mannheim, Germany) or HiTEC 536 (Ethyl Corporation).

Suitable demulsifiers are z. As the alkali or alkaline earth metal salts of alkyl-substituted phenol and naphthalenesulfonates and the alkali or alkaline earth metal salts of fatty acids, also neutral compounds such as alcohol alkoxylates, eg. B. alcohol ethoxylates, phenol alkoxylates, eg. As tert-butylphenol ethoxylate or tert-pentylphenol ethoxylate, fatty acids, alkylphenols, condensation of ethylene oxide (EO) and propylene oxide (PO), z. B. in the form of EO / PO block copolymers, polyethylene lenimine or polysiloxanes. Suitable dehazers are z. Example, alkoxylated phenol-formaldehyde condensates, such as the available under the trade name NALCO 7D07 products (Nalco) and TOLAD 2683 (Petrolite).

Suitable antifoams are for. Polyether-modified polysiloxanes, such as TEGOPREN 5851 (Goldschmidt), Q 25907 (Dow Corning) and RHODOSIL (Rhone Poulenc), available under the tradename.

Suitable Cetanzahlverbesserer are z. Aliphatic nitrates such as 2-ethylhexyl nitrate and cyclohexyl nitrate, and peroxides such as di-tert-butyl peroxide.

Suitable antioxidants are, for. As substituted phenols, such as 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and, 6-di-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol, and phenylenediamines, such as N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine.

Suitable metal deactivators are, for. B. salicylic acid derivatives such as N, N'-disalicylidene-1, 2-propanediamine.

Suitable solvents are, for. For example, non-polar organic solvents such as aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, for example toluene, the XyIoIe, "White spirit" and products sold under the trade name SHELLSOL (Royal Dutch / Shell Group) and EXXSOL (ExxonMobil), and polar organic Solvents, for example alcohols, such as 2-ethylhexanol, decanol and isotridecanol.

Preferred co-additives are demulsifiers, dehazers, defoamers, cetane improvers, antioxidants, metal deactivators, corrosion inhibitors and solvents.

These conventional co-additives are added, if desired, in customary amounts.

Diesel fuels

The diesel fuels are, for example, petroleum raffinates, which usually have a boiling range of 100 to 400 ^° C. These are mostly distillates with a 95% point up to 360 ⁰ C or even beyond. However, these may also be so-called "ultra low sulfur diesel" or "city diesel", characterized by a 95% point of, for example, a maximum of 345 ⁰ C and a maximum sulfur content of 0.005 wt .-% or by a 95% point of for example, 285 ⁰ C and a maximum sulfur content of 0.001 wt .-%. In addition to those available through refining Diesel fuels are those obtainable by coal gasification or gas liquefaction ("gas to liquid" (GTL) fuels). Also suitable are mixtures of the abovementioned diesel fuels with regenerative fuels, such as biodiesel or bioethanol.

The diesel fuels are particularly preferably those with a low sulfur content, ie with a sulfur content of less than 0.05% by weight, preferably less than 0.02% by weight, in particular less than 0.005% by weight. % and especially less than 0.001% by weight of sulfur.

The data on molecular weights M _n and M _w refer to values as obtained by gel permeation chromatography (polyisobutene standards).

The inventive use of detergent additives in combination with carrier oils ensures that the fuel consumption of direct-injection diesel engines is permanently, d. H. both at the factory and even after a longer running time of the engine, for example, after 100,000 km, is lower than that of corresponding engines, which are operated with the otherwise same diesel fuel, but does not contain the inventive combination of detergent additive and carrier oil.

example

In an engine with a common-rail injection system (DC OM646 DE22LA, 2.2 I, 4 cylinders) fuel consumption was determined at different speeds and loads (specific fuel consumption, "BSFC" brake specific fuel consumption). The fuel used was a diesel fuel in accordance with EN 590, containing 100 ppm Kerocom® PIBSI (a detergent additive from BASF SE containing a polyisobutenylsuccinic imide) and 100 ppm of a carrier oil (Kerocom® 3364; polyether from tridecanol with butylene oxide; BASF SE).

The fuel consumption was determined over a load range of 20 Nm to 320 Nm and averaged at speeds of 1500 to 2000 revolutions per minute. An average fuel saving of 1.3% was calculated.

However, the same experiment in which the fuel was only additized with the detergent additive (i.e., not with the carrier oil) resulted in an average fuel economy of only 0.3%.

Claims

claims: Use of at least one detergent additive in combination with at least one carrier oil to reduce fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines. 2. Use according to claim 1, for reducing the fuel consumption of diesel engines with common-rail injection systems. Use according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the detergent additives comprise amphiphilic compounds having at least one hydrophobic hydrocarbon radical having a number average molecular weight of from 85 to 20,000 and at least one polar moiety selected from moieties derived from succinic anhydride and have at least one hydroxyl and / or amino and / or amido and / or imido group. 4. Use according to claim 3, wherein the detergent additives are selected from reaction products of alkyl- or alkenyl-substituted succinic acids or derivatives thereof with amines. 5. Use according to claim 4, wherein the amines are polyalkylenimines. 6. Use according to claim 5, wherein the polyalkyleneimines are selected from diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine and hexaethyleneheptamine. Use according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the detergent additives are selected from polyisobutenyl-substituted succinimides. 8. Use according to claim 7, wherein the polyisobutenyl has a number average molecular weight of 300 to 3000. Use according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier oil is chosen from synthetic carrier oils. 10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the synthetic carrier oils are selected from alcohol-started polyethers. 1 1. Use according to claim 10, wherein the alcohol-started polyethers are selected from the reaction products of monohydric aliphatic C6-Ci8 alcohols with Cs-Cβ-alkylene oxides.