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WO2009102064A1 - Dispositif d'examen de cataracte, procédé d'examen de cataracte et programme d'évaluation de cataracte - Google Patents

Dispositif d'examen de cataracte, procédé d'examen de cataracte et programme d'évaluation de cataracte Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009102064A1
WO2009102064A1 PCT/JP2009/052572 JP2009052572W WO2009102064A1 WO 2009102064 A1 WO2009102064 A1 WO 2009102064A1 JP 2009052572 W JP2009052572 W JP 2009052572W WO 2009102064 A1 WO2009102064 A1 WO 2009102064A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cataract
image
eyeball
light
lens
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2009/052572
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Masatsugu Kidode
Hitoshi Habe
Supriyanti Retno
Satoru Nagata
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nara Institute of Science and Technology NUC
Original Assignee
Nara Institute of Science and Technology NUC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Nara Institute of Science and Technology NUC filed Critical Nara Institute of Science and Technology NUC
Priority to JP2009553487A priority Critical patent/JP5305409B2/ja
Priority to CN200980104021.5A priority patent/CN101932279B/zh
Publication of WO2009102064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009102064A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/0016—Operational features thereof
    • A61B3/0033—Operational features thereof characterised by user input arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
    • A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
    • A61B3/117—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for examining the anterior chamber or the anterior chamber angle, e.g. gonioscopes
    • A61B3/1173—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions for examining the anterior chamber or the anterior chamber angle, e.g. gonioscopes for examining the eye lens
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • G06T7/0012—Biomedical image inspection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
    • G06T2207/30041—Eye; Retina; Ophthalmic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cataract inspection device, a cataract inspection method, and a cataract determination program for easily performing a cataract diagnosis.
  • Diagnosis of cataracts is performed by special ophthalmologists using special instruments.
  • diagnostic systems are in place, making it possible to detect and treat cataract at an early stage.
  • the detection of cataracts is delayed due to a shortage of doctors and other cases, often resulting in serious symptoms, which can lead to serious consequences such as blindness.
  • Indonesia has only about 750 ophthalmologists for a population of 200 million, and it is said that the number of cataract affected persons will reach about 6 million. Diagnosis of cataracts in developing countries is a serious situation.
  • Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are known, and both are spectroscopic optical systems for accurately diagnosing the degree of progression of cataract. And special equipment such as light-sensitive detectors. For this reason, particularly when used in developing countries, there are problems such as equipment introduction costs and a lack of skilled doctors handling the equipment.
  • the present invention solves these problems and contributes to the improvement of the medical level in developing countries, and does not require special equipment such as a spectroscopic optical system or a light detection detector, and anyone with a simple and inexpensive apparatus configuration.
  • a light projecting unit that projects light from a light source onto an eyeball as projection light
  • an image capturing unit that captures the distribution of reflected light from the crystalline lens of the eyeball of the projected light, and uses the image information as image information
  • a pupil detection means for detecting the image area of the pupil from the image information
  • a reflection image detection means for detecting a reflection image of the eyeball on the front of the lens from the image area of the pupil
  • an image area of the pupil and the front of the lens comprising: a reflection image presence / absence determination means for determining the presence / absence of a reflection image on the rear surface of the lens of the eyeball using the reflection image of the eyeball.
  • a simple inspection (screening) of cataracts by analysis of specular reflection in an image obtained by photographing an eyeball can be performed.
  • the cataract inspection device of the present invention paying attention to this point, the number and position of specular reflections in a captured image are analyzed to realize a simple inspection (screening) of cataract.
  • the cataract inspection apparatus is (1) Projection means for projecting light from the light source onto the eyeball as projection light; (2) Imaging means for imaging the distribution of reflected light at the crystalline lens of the eyeball of the projection light and using it as image information; (3) pupil part detecting means for detecting an image area of the pupil part from the image information; (4) a reflected image detecting means for detecting a reflected image of the eyeball on the front surface of the crystalline lens from the image area of the pupil; (5) Reflected image presence / absence determining means for determining the presence / absence of a reflected image on the back surface of the lens of the eyeball using the image area of the pupil portion and the reflected image on the front surface of the lens; Consists of
  • a general-purpose digital camera and a flash can be used.
  • a general-purpose computer capable of image analysis processing can be used.
  • the pupil part detecting means (3) detects an area corresponding to the pupil in the captured image.
  • the reflected image detecting means (4) detects a reflected image of the eyeball on the front surface of the crystalline lens from the image area of the pupil.
  • the method of detecting the reflection image on the front surface of the crystalline lens is a method of searching and detecting a region having the highest luminance (reflection on the eyeball surface) within the pupil.
  • the reflected image presence / absence determining means (5) uses the fact that the reflection of the eyeball on the lens surface, the reflection on the back surface of the lens, and the center of the pupil are aligned in a straight line on the image. To explore. In this search, if the reflection on the back surface of the lens cannot be observed, it is determined that cataract is progressing, and if the reflection on the back surface of the lens can be observed, it is determined that the eyes are healthy.
  • the position of the light source is a region in which the included angle between the axis connecting the light source and the center of the crystalline lens and the optical axis of the crystalline lens is in the range of 30 to 60 degrees.
  • a cataract inspection device is provided. According to the configuration of the cataract inspection apparatus of the second aspect, the reflected image on the lens surface of the eyeball and the reflected image on the back surface of the lens can be observed on the captured image at an interval that can be distinguished, and more accurately. A simple test (screening) for cataracts can be performed.
  • the position of the imaging means and the light source may overlap or be separated.
  • an imaging means is a substantially front of the eyeball.
  • the movement of the light source is within a range where the angle between the axis connecting the light source and the center of the crystalline lens and the optical axis of the crystalline lens is in the range of 30 to 60 degrees.
  • a cataract inspection device further provided with a light source movement control means for performing control is provided. According to the configuration of the cataract inspection apparatus of the third aspect, the cataract inspection can be performed while searching for a site where the cataract is progressing on the eyeball along the periphery of the center of the eyeball.
  • the light source movement control means can control the movement of the light source in a region where the angle between the axis connecting the light source and the center of the crystalline lens and the optical axis of the crystalline lens is 30 to 60 degrees.
  • the light source unit is moved on an annular rail, or the light source unit is moved using an XY drive rod.
  • the reason for moving the light source will be described.
  • the reflection of the eyeball on the lens surface, the reflection on the rear surface of the lens, and the center of the pupil are aligned on the captured image.
  • the axial direction on the straight line is fixed. Therefore, if the cataract is caused in the axial direction, the reflection on the rear surface of the lens is not observed, but if the cataract is not caused in the axial direction, the reflection on the rear surface of the lens is observed.
  • a cataract examination is performed while searching for a site where the cataract is progressing around the center of the eyeball. As will be described later, this problem can be avoided to some extent by searching not only in the axial direction but in a circular region having a spread in the axial direction.
  • a cataract inspection device that images the eyeball at least twice with the imaging unit before and after moving the light source using the light source movement control unit in the third aspect.
  • the configuration of the cataract inspection apparatus of the fourth aspect when photographing in a bright environment, the light from the light source of the cataract inspection apparatus of the present invention and the external light can be distinguished, thereby preventing erroneous measurement. be able to.
  • This utilizes the fact that the position of the reflection image on the lens surface changes by imaging the eyeball at least twice before and after moving the light source. Since the external light is fixed, the position on the image of the reflection image of the lens surface by the external light is fixed. Even when the external light is strong to some extent and appears on the image as noise, it is accurately identified as a reflected image of the lens surface by the light from the light source of the cataract inspection device when the position on the image is changed. Then, the presence / absence of a reflection image on the rear surface of the crystalline lens is determined using the reflection on the lens surface, the reflection on the rear surface of the crystalline lens, and the fact that the centers of the pupils are aligned on the captured image.
  • a cataract inspection device further comprising a light source illuminance control means for performing illuminance control of a light source in the first aspect.
  • a light source illuminance control means for performing illuminance control of a light source in the first aspect.
  • the intensity of the projection light from the light source to the eyeball changes.
  • the cataract inspection device of the present invention when the reflection of the eyeball on the back surface of the lens is searched and the reflection on the back surface of the lens cannot be observed in this search, it is determined that the cataract is progressing and the reflection on the back surface of the lens is observed. If possible, judge that the eyes are healthy. Therefore, while changing the intensity of the light projected from the light source to the eyeball, it is possible to observe how much light intensity is reflected on the back surface of the crystalline lens. Condition).
  • a sixth aspect of the present invention there is provided a cataract inspection device according to the first aspect, wherein the light source has a rectangular shape.
  • the configuration of the cataract inspection device of the sixth aspect even when external light appears on the image as noise to some extent, the reflected surface of the rectangular shape on the image is converted into a lens surface by light from the light source of the cataract inspection device. Therefore, it is possible to reliably determine whether or not there is a reflection image on the rear surface of the crystalline lens.
  • a cataract inspection device further comprising a light source shape control means capable of changing a shape pattern of a light source in the first aspect.
  • a reflected image having a shape pattern substantially similar to the shape pattern of the light source on the image is displayed on the cataract inspection device. Since it can be identified as the reflection image of the lens surface by the light from the light source, the presence or absence of the reflection image on the rear surface of the lens can be reliably determined.
  • a cataract inspection device that uses the light source shape control means to photograph the eyeball at least twice with the imaging means before and after changing the shape pattern of the light source.
  • the configuration of the cataract inspection apparatus of the eighth aspect when photographing in a bright environment, the light from the light source of the cataract inspection apparatus of the present invention and the external light can be distinguished, thereby preventing erroneous measurement. be able to.
  • This utilizes the fact that the shape pattern on the reflection image of the lens surface changes by photographing the eyeball at least twice before and after changing the shape pattern of the light source. Since the external light is fixed, the position on the image of the reflection image of the lens surface by the external light is fixed. Even when the external light is strong to some extent and appears on the image as noise, it is accurately identified that the shape pattern on the image has changed as a reflection image of the lens surface by the light from the light source of the cataract inspection device. Then, the presence / absence of a reflection image on the rear surface of the crystalline lens is determined using the reflection on the lens surface, the reflection on the rear surface of the crystalline lens, and the fact that the centers of the pupils are aligned on the captured image.
  • a ninth aspect of the present invention there is provided a cataract inspection device according to the first aspect described above, wherein the light projecting means is a camera flash interlocked with the imaging means.
  • a general-purpose digital camera is used as an imaging means, and a cataract inspection (screening) can be performed by using only a built-in flash or an external flash without using a special device. Since it is possible to construct a device with a general-purpose product such as a camera or a flash, it is expected that in developing countries, it will be possible to detect a cataract patient at an early stage and provide appropriate treatment, leading to an improvement in the medical level.
  • a housing including an imaging unit and a light projecting unit at one end, the other end being opened and covering the periphery of the eyeball of the subject.
  • a cataract inspection device configured to block incident light other than projection light from a light source.
  • the external light can be blocked by the housing of the housing without darkening the surroundings during the inspection, and a dark room state can be obtained.
  • the shape of the housing may be, for example, a cylindrical shape or a box shape.
  • a cataract inspection device according to the tenth aspect, wherein the housing is in a dark box state and the imaging means and the light projecting means are operated after a predetermined number of seconds have elapsed.
  • the predetermined number of seconds means, for example, the passage of time of 5 seconds or more.
  • the pupil of the eyeball to be observed is sufficiently opened in order to operate the imaging unit and the light projecting unit after a predetermined number of seconds have elapsed in the dark box state.
  • the distribution image of the reflected image can be acquired. That is, the area of the pupil region is large in the acquired image, and the observation sensitivity of the distribution position of the reflected image can be improved.
  • the light from the light source is projected onto the eyeball as projection light, the distribution of the reflected light from the crystalline lens of the eyeball of the projection light is imaged, and the image information is used.
  • Detecting the reflection area of the eyeball in front of the lens from the image area of the pupil, and using the image area of the pupil and the reflection image on the front of the lens A method for inspecting a cataract is provided.
  • the configuration of the cataract inspection method of the twelfth aspect it is possible to perform simple cataract inspection (screening) by analyzing specular reflection in an image obtained by photographing an eyeball.
  • a cataract inspection method for determining a cataract of an eyeball using a computer, and the reflected light from the lens of the eyeball when the computer projects light from the light source onto the eyeball as projection light.
  • the computer calculates the image area of the pupil from the image information, the computer calculates the reflection image of the eyeball in front of the lens from the image information, and the computer calculates the image of the pupil.
  • a cataract inspection method characterized by determining the presence or absence of a reflection image on the back surface of a lens of an eyeball using a region and a reflection image on the front surface of the lens. According to the configuration of the cataract inspection method of the thirteenth aspect, a simple inspection (screening) of cataract by analysis of specular reflection in an image obtained by photographing an eyeball can be performed using a computer.
  • the position of the light source is in a region where the included angle between the axis connecting the light source and the center of the crystalline lens and the optical axis of the crystalline lens is in the range of 30 to 60 degrees. .
  • the light source is moved, and the distribution of the reflected light from the crystalline lens of the eyeball of the projection light is imaged at least twice before and after the movement.
  • the shape of a light source is a rectangle.
  • the surroundings of the eyeball are in a dark room state and the distribution of the reflected light from the crystalline lens of the eyeball is projected after a predetermined number of seconds or more, for example, 5 seconds or more.
  • a fourteenth aspect of the present invention there is provided a cataract determination program for determining a cataract of an eyeball using a computer, wherein the computer projects the light from a light source onto the eyeball as projection light.
  • Image information acquisition means for acquiring image information indicating the distribution of reflected light, pupil detection means for calculating the image area of the pupil from the image information, and a reflection image of the eyeball in front of the lens from the image area of the pupil
  • a cataract determination functioning as a reflection image detection unit that performs a reflection image presence / absence determination unit that determines the presence / absence of a reflection image on the back surface of the eye lens using the image area of the pupil portion and the reflection image on the front surface of the lens
  • the cataract determination program of the fourteenth aspect it is possible to perform a simple test (screening) of cataract by analyzing specular reflection in an image obtained by photographing an eyeball using a computer.
  • the degree of uniformity of pixel intensity in the pupil region is further determined by a support vector machine or the like. It has means, processing, or function for determining a cataract using pattern recognition means and / or determining an average intensity (Intensity) in the pupil region as a cataract using pattern recognition means such as a support vector machine. preferable.
  • the uniformity of the pixel intensity of the pupil area image is worse than that of the healthy person's eye, whereas the healthy person's eye has the intensity uniformity of the pixel of the pupil area image. It gets better. Further, in the pupil region, the cataractous eye has an intensity that is brighter on average than the eye of a healthy person.
  • the uniformity of the strength can be obtained by, for example, the following formula 1.
  • U is a uniformity value
  • z is a variable indicating intensity
  • p (z i ) is a histogram of the intensity level of the region.
  • L is a possible strength value.
  • average intensity can be calculated
  • m is a value indicating the average intensity.
  • the cataract inspection device, the cataract inspection method, and the cataract determination program according to the present invention are configured as described above, it is simple to analyze the reflection in an image obtained by photographing the eyeball without using a special device. In addition, it has the effect of detecting the onset of cataract and observing the progress of cataract.
  • the cataract inspection device, the cataract inspection method, and the cataract determination program according to the present invention are easy in structure, and can be examined (screened) without a skilled doctor, and the subject develops cataract. It can be easily determined whether or not. As a result, not only in developed countries but also in developing countries, it is possible to solve the problems of equipment introduction costs and the shortage of skilled doctors and contribute to the improvement of the medical level in developing countries.
  • FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the cataract inspection apparatus of the first embodiment.
  • the cataract inspection apparatus of Example 1 includes a flash 22 that is a light projecting unit that projects light from a light source onto an eyeball as projection light, and reflected light of the light from the flash 22 on a lens of the eyeball.
  • a camera 21 which is an image pickup means for picking up a distribution to obtain image information, a pupil detection means 23a for detecting an image area of the pupil from image information using the computer 23, and a lens front surface of the eyeball from the image area of the pupil
  • a reflected image detecting means 23b for detecting a reflected image at the lens
  • a reflected image presence / absence determining means 23c for determining the presence / absence of a reflected image on the rear surface of the lens of the eyeball using the image area of the pupil part and the reflected image on the front surface of the lens It is composed of
  • the camera 21 is a general-purpose digital camera.
  • the flash 22 uses an external flash of the camera 21 and projects light from the light source of the flash 22 in conjunction with the shutter of the camera 21.
  • the computer 23 is connected to the camera by a USB (Universal Serial Bus) cable so that image information data can be taken from the camera 21.
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • the light projected from the flash 22 is reflected by the front and rear surfaces of the crystalline lens 2 of the eyeball 1.
  • the camera 21 captures these two reflected lights as reflected images to obtain image information.
  • the computer 23 detects the pupil part, further detects a reflection image on the front surface of the lens, and determines the presence or absence of a reflection image on the rear surface of the lens. As a result, if there is a reflection image on the rear surface, it is determined that the eye is healthy, and conversely, if there is no reflection image on the rear surface, it is determined that the eye has a possibility of causing cataract.
  • the flow of the cataract inspection method of the present invention is shown in the flowchart of FIG.
  • the light from the light source is projected onto the eyeball as projection light (step S01), and then the distribution of reflected light on the crystalline lens is imaged (step S02), and the image area of the pupil is detected (step S03).
  • a reflected image on the front surface of the crystalline lens is detected (step S04), and a reflected image on the rear surface of the crystalline lens is detected (step S05).
  • it is determined whether or not a reflection image on the rear surface of the crystalline lens has been detected step S06).
  • a reflection image on the rear surface of the crystalline lens it is determined that the subject is healthy.
  • a reflection image on the rear surface of the lens cannot be detected, it is determined that the patient is a cataract patient.
  • the lens of the eyeball is referred to with reference to FIGS.
  • the reflected light will be described.
  • the light from the light source is projected onto the eyeball as projection light using the flash 22 (step S01), and the distribution of the reflected light on the crystalline lens is imaged using the camera 21 (step S02).
  • the light projected from the flash 22 is reflected on the front surface of the crystalline lens 2 (position A in the drawing), and is transmitted through the crystalline lens 2 and reflected on the rear surface of the crystalline lens 2. (The position of D in the figure) exists. In this case, since the angles of the reflection surfaces of the two reflected lights are different, the reflection occurring on the front surface of the crystalline lens 2 and the reflection occurring on the rear surface of the crystalline lens 2 are observed at different positions (position A in the figure). And B).
  • the projection light of the flash 22 is made to be emitted from the crystalline lens 2 as shown in FIG. 3 by setting the position of the flash 22 away from the optical axis of the lens. Can be incident obliquely.
  • a place where the reflection occurring on the front surface of the crystalline lens 2 is observed (position A in the figure) and a place where the reflection occurring on the rear surface of the crystalline lens 2 is observed (in the figure) (Position B) of the lens 2 is a relationship straddling the position of the center of the lens 2 (which is also the center of the pupil) (the position of C in the figure), and further, a place where reflection occurring in front of the lens 2 is observed ( The position where the reflection occurring on the rear surface of the crystalline lens 2 is observed (position B in the figure) and the center position of the pupil (position C in the figure) are aligned in a straight line.
  • the detection principle of the reflection image of the crystalline lens will be described with reference to FIG.
  • an observed image as shown in FIG. 4 is obtained.
  • the place where the reflection occurring on the front surface of the lens 2 is observed position A in the figure
  • the place where the reflection occurring on the rear surface of the lens 2 is observed position B in the figure
  • the center position of the pupil Position C in the figure
  • the reflected image (position A in the figure) occurring on the front surface of the crystalline lens 2 is bright and the area of the reflected image is wide
  • the reflected image (position B in the figure) occurring on the rear surface of the crystalline lens 2 is It is darker than the reflected image that occurs in front of the crystalline lens 2, and the area of the reflected image is also narrow.
  • the reflection image (position A in the figure) occurring in front of the lens is always observed by both healthy eye subjects and those who have cataracts, while the back surface of the lens.
  • the reflected image that occurs (position B in the figure) is not observed in the case of a subject who has cataract, or is very difficult to observe compared to a healthy person. Therefore, first, a reflection image (position A in the figure) occurring on the front surface of the lens is identified (step S04 in the flow of FIG. 2), and a search like the dotted arrow in FIG. An attempt is made to identify the reflected image (position B in the figure) (step S05 in the flow of FIG. 2).
  • Identification of the reflected image (position B in the figure) occurring on the rear surface of the lens is first performed by extracting the image area of the pupil to determine the search range (step S03 in the flow of FIG. 2).
  • the search range of the reflected image that occurs on the rear surface of the lens can be determined. That is, the image area of the pupil is circular, and the center position of the pupil (the position of C in the figure) can also be calculated geometrically.
  • the brightest part in the pupil area is reflected on the front surface of the crystalline lens (in the figure). As shown in FIG.
  • the reflection image that occurs on the back surface of the lens is searched from the position A through the position C to the point where it exits the pupil region. Further, when searching, instead of searching only on a straight line with a point, the search is performed in a circular region having a predetermined spread.
  • step S06 in the flow of FIG. 2 it is determined whether or not a reflection image on the rear surface of the crystalline lens has been detected. As a result of the determination, if a reflection image on the rear surface of the crystalline lens can be detected, it is determined that the subject is healthy. On the other hand, if a reflection image on the back surface of the lens cannot be detected, it is determined that the patient is a cataract patient.
  • the cataract inspection device of the present invention can be easily configured with a camera, a flash, and a computer.
  • the cataract determination program of the present invention is provided, so that the camera, flash, and computer hardware can operate as a cataract inspection device. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the cataract determination program 30 of the present invention includes an image information acquisition unit 31, a pupil part detection unit 32, a front reflection image detection unit 33, and a rear reflection image presence determination unit 34.
  • the image information acquisition unit 31 captures an image captured by the camera 21.
  • a general-purpose digital camera has a connection interface such as a USB so that it can be connected to a computer.
  • the image information acquisition means 31 performs data communication with the camera, captures image information in the camera, and enables the image information to be analyzed in the computer.
  • the pupil part detection means 32 performs a process corresponding to step S03 in the flow of FIG. 2 on the computer.
  • the front reflection image detection means 33 performs a process corresponding to step S04 in the flow of FIG. 2 on the computer.
  • the back reflection image presence / absence determination means 34 is a unit that performs processing corresponding to steps S05 to S06 in the flow of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a contrast photograph of healthy eyes and eyes with cataracts. What is shown on the left side of the figure is a healthy eye, and a reflection image on the front surface of the crystalline lens and a reflection image on the rear surface of the crystalline lens appear in two places. On the other hand, in the case of an eye having a cataract shown on the right side of the figure, a reflected image appears only in one place. The reflected image that appears in only one place is a reflected image on the front surface of the crystalline lens.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the captured image of the reflected light distribution of the crystalline lens in a healthy eye.
  • a reflection image on the front surface (corresponding to position A in FIG. 4), the center of the pupil (corresponding to position C in FIG. 4), and a reflection image on the rear surface (corresponding to position B in FIG. 4) can be confirmed. .
  • FIG. 9 shows an example in which the pupil region of a healthy eye is detected.
  • the pupil region is detected from the captured image.
  • processing such as edge detection is performed to detect a circular pupil region.
  • the pupil region is extracted (see FIG. 10).
  • the reflected light distribution in the pupil region is such that the reflected image on the front surface and the reflected image on the center and rear surface of the pupil are aligned in a straight line (see FIG. 11). Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the reflection image on the front surface is bright and has a large area.
  • the reflection image on the front surface is identified, a search area having a size equivalent to the pupil area is determined, and the reflection image on the rear surface is searched along the straight line from the position of the reflection image on the front surface. (See FIG. 12). Then, the brightness is evaluated along the straight line, and it is determined whether or not there is a place that is brighter than the surroundings, and the presence or absence of the reflected image on the rear surface is determined.
  • FIG. 13 shows a photographed image of the reflected light distribution of the crystalline lens in a healthy eye when the light source is rectangular.
  • Making the light source rectangular such as using a flash with a rectangular shape, has the following advantages.
  • the reflection image as shown in FIG. 13 is obtained, and the identification of the reflection image on the front and rear surfaces is facilitated.
  • the light source is rectangular, even if light enters from the outside, it becomes easy to identify the light of the light source.
  • FIG. 18 shows the diagnosis results of the cataract examination of Example 1.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 18 is the threshold value Th, and FIG. 18 shows the diagnosis result when the threshold value Th is changed.
  • FIG. 14 shows a processed image corresponding to the schematic flow of the cataract examination of the first embodiment.
  • the schematic flow of the cataract examination of Example 1 is as follows. First, a face image is taken (observation image a), a pupil part is extracted from the image (observation image b), and the front surface is obtained. The reflection image is detected at (observation image c), the reflection image at the rear surface is searched (observation image d), and the cataract is determined.
  • corresponds to the code
  • a captured image is acquired from the camera.
  • Hough transformation (figure detection processing) is performed to detect the contour of the pupil.
  • H The pupil region is extracted.
  • I In order to detect the reflection image on the front surface and the reflection image on the rear surface, the image of the pupil region is processed as an input image.
  • J The input image is converted into a binarized image.
  • K Further, the image is converted into an edge image.
  • L Hough conversion is performed.
  • M Extract a reflection image on the front surface.
  • N A region of a reflection image on the front surface is set as a search region. As described above, processing such as edge detection and binarization is performed, and Hough transform (graphic detection processing) is performed to detect the pupil region and the region of the reflection image on the front surface.
  • a change in brightness is searched for along the straight line from the center of the search region to the center of the pupil in the region of the reflection image on the front surface.
  • the average brightness of the circular area that is the same as the number of pixels in the search area is calculated by moving in units of one pixel along a straight line.
  • the radius size of the circular region is the same as that of the reflection image on the front surface. In fact, the rear reflection image is smaller than the area of the reflection image on the front surface.
  • FIG. 16A shows an example of the result of tracking the light intensity in a healthy state.
  • FIG. 16B shows an example of the result of tracking the light intensity of the onset state of cataract.
  • tracking the light intensity in a healthy state there is a portion where the intensity increases during the search, and a mountain portion as indicated by the arrow in FIG. This indicates that the position where the rear reflection image is present and its reflection intensity can be quantitatively observed.
  • the presence or absence of the rear reflection image can be determined by searching for the change in brightness along the straight line from the center of the search area to the center of the pupil in the area of the reflection image on the front surface. Thus, it can be determined whether or not cataract is present.
  • Example 3 the inspection accuracy of cataracts due to the positional relationship between the imaging unit and the light projecting unit will be described.
  • (1) to (3) in FIG. 17 show patterns of the positional relationship between the imaging means and the light projecting means.
  • FIG. 17 (1) shows how the cataract inspection accuracy is good when the camera as the imaging unit and the flash as the light projecting unit are integrated and located at the same position, and in what positional relationship with the imaging target. Was investigated.
  • the result is the graph shown on the right side of FIG. 17 (1).
  • the range shown by the arrow that is, the axis connecting the camera / flash and the center of the eyeball to be photographed (more precisely, the center of the crystalline lens) and the eyeball.
  • the horizontal axis of the graph is angle
  • the vertical axis of the graph is a normalized value obtained by dividing the distance between the front reflection image and the pupil center by the radial distance of the pupil. If the value on the vertical axis of the graph is in the range of 0.5 to 0.7, the front reflection image can be observed with high accuracy. Therefore, for example, in the measurement data of FIG. 17 (1), as shown by the arrows in the figure, it is understood that the angle is in the range of 40 to 70 degrees, and 110 to 120 degrees is suitable. .
  • the camera as the imaging means and the flash as the light projecting means are separately independent, the camera is located in front of the object, and the flash is arranged at various positions.
  • This is an examination of the positional relationship between the subject and the subject and whether the inspection accuracy of the cataract is good.
  • the result is the graph shown on the right side of FIG. 17 (2).
  • the range shown by the arrow that is, the axis connecting the camera / flash and the center of the eyeball to be photographed (more precisely, the center of the lens) and the eyeball. It is shown that it is possible to determine that the inspection accuracy is good when the angle between the optical axis of the lens (more precisely, the crystalline lens) is within a predetermined range.
  • the camera as the imaging means and the flash as the light projecting means are separately independent, and the flash is positioned in front of the object as opposed to FIG. 17 (2). Then, when the camera is placed at various positions, it is examined in what positional relationship with the object to be photographed whether the inspection accuracy of the cataract is good. The result is the graph shown on the right side of FIG. 17 (3). In this case, regardless of the position of the camera, the value of the vertical axis of the graph is 0.5 or less, and the front reflection light is the pupil. This indicates that it is difficult to distinguish between the front reflected light and the pupil center, which is not preferable as the inspection accuracy.
  • the position of the flash is important, and an area where the angle between the axis connecting the flash light source and the center of the eye lens and the optical axis of the lens is in the range of 30 to 60 degrees is suitable for a cataract examination. It can be said.
  • a pattern recognition method such as a support vector machine is used in consideration of the intensity uniformity value in the pupil region and / or the average intensity in the pupil region.
  • the data which the determination precision improved by having a means to determine with a cataract is shown.
  • the surface of the pupil is rougher and less uniform than the eyes of a healthy person, while the eyes of a healthy person have a smooth and highly uniform pupil surface.
  • the uniformity of the pixel intensity of the pupil area image is worse than that of the healthy person's eye, while the normal person's eye has the uniformity of the pixel intensity of the pupil area image. Is better.
  • the pupil region has a characteristic that, in the case of a cataract eye, it has an intensity that is on average brighter than that of a healthy person.
  • Example 4 the following mathematical formula was used as an index of strength uniformity.
  • U is a uniformity value
  • z is a variable indicating intensity
  • p (z i ) is a histogram of the intensity level of the region.
  • L is a possible strength value.
  • m is a value indicating the average intensity.
  • FIG. 19 shows the results of an evaluation experiment performed on the cataract inspection apparatus of Example 1.
  • the value of the average intensity (Intensity) in the pupil region is 1 for determining a cataract using a pattern recognition method such as a support vector machine, and the presence or absence of a reflection image as in Example 1 described above.
  • the cataract inspection device, the cataract inspection method, and the cataract determination program according to the present invention are useful as a medical diagnosis / examination (screening) device for an eyeball.

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Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif d'examen de cataracte d'une structure de dispositif simple, qui peut être utilisé pour facilement examiner des cataractes, sur un procédé d'examen de cataracte et sur un programme d'évaluation de cataracte. Un mode de réalisation du dispositif d'examen de cataracte de l'invention est constitué d'un flash (22) qui projette de la lumière d'une source de lumière sous forme de lumière projetée sur un œil, un appareil photo (21) qui capture la distribution de lumière réfléchie de la lumière projetée à partir du cristallin de l'œil sous forme de données d'image et un ordinateur (23), l'ordinateur (23) fonctionnant en tant que moyen de détection de pupille (23a) qui détecte une région d'image de pupille à partir des données d'image, un moyen de détection d'image réfléchie (23b) qui détecte une image réfléchie à la surface antérieure du cristallin de l'œil à partir de la région d'image de pupille et un moyen d'évaluation de présence d'image réfléchie (23c) qui atteste de la présence ou de l'absence d'une image réfléchie sur la surface postérieure du cristallin de l'œil à l'aide de la région d'image de pupille et de l'image réfléchie à la surface antérieure du cristallin.
PCT/JP2009/052572 2008-02-15 2009-02-16 Dispositif d'examen de cataracte, procédé d'examen de cataracte et programme d'évaluation de cataracte Ceased WO2009102064A1 (fr)

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JP2013153791A (ja) * 2012-01-26 2013-08-15 Canon Inc 眼科装置、眼科装置の制御方法、およびプログラム
JP2015216939A (ja) * 2014-05-13 2015-12-07 株式会社三城ホールディングス 白内障検査装置および白内障判定プログラム
CN108230287A (zh) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-29 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 一种眼前节图像的晶体区域的检测方法及装置
JP2021506353A (ja) * 2017-12-22 2021-02-22 ヴェリリー ライフ サイエンシズ エルエルシー 画像経路において照明を備えた眼球撮像

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KR101727615B1 (ko) * 2017-02-17 2017-04-17 주식회사 픽셀 디스플레이 시력 정보 결정을 위한 사용자 장치, 서버 및 컴퓨터 판독가능 저장 매체에 저장된 프로그램

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JP2015216939A (ja) * 2014-05-13 2015-12-07 株式会社三城ホールディングス 白内障検査装置および白内障判定プログラム
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JP2021506353A (ja) * 2017-12-22 2021-02-22 ヴェリリー ライフ サイエンシズ エルエルシー 画像経路において照明を備えた眼球撮像
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