WO2009158020A1 - Systems and methods for air powered vending - Google Patents

Abstract

This document discusses, among other things, a system and method for providing vacuum against a free piston to remove a first object from a bin using a retrieval device, the bin containing a plurality of objects, and, in certain examples, transporting the first object, using the retrieval device, to an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user.

Description

SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR AIR POWERED VENDING

CLAIM OF PRIORITY

Benefit of priority is hereby claimed to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial Number 61/076,257, filed on June 27, 2008, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This document pertains generally to vending, and more particularly, but not by way of limitation, to air powered vending.

BACKGROUND

Convenience stores or other businesses open to the public, such as grocery stores or other retailers, can have heavy amounts of customer traffic through the store or business. This traffic can lead to theft of goods or other retail or non-retail items, particularly of high priced goods such as cigarettes or other retail items having a cost that substantially outweighs its margin.

In certain examples, storing retail items in a vending machine can reduce customer theft. This can be advantageous to the store owner if the overall cost of the machine is less than the overall loss due to theft. However, vending machines can include a substantial number of mechanical components to move items in the machine. The substantial number of mechanical components can increase the cost of the vending machine and reduce the overall reliability of the machine operation.

Further, many vending machines move an item to the front of a bin and drop it into a reservoir where the user has to bend over to retrieve the item. Some current vending machines can provide an item to a user at an ergonomic height, but require more mechanic components or greater mechanical complexity to do so, further increasing the cost of the vending machine and reducing the overall reliability of the machines operation.

Thus, there exists a need for a reliable, low cost system and method to reduce the theft of goods, retail items, or non-retail items in convenience stores or other businesses, as well as to reliably, and at a low cost, ergonomically provide goods, retail items, or non-retail items to users.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, like numerals may describe similar components in different views. Like numerals having different letter suffixes may represent different instances of similar components. The drawings illustrate generally, by way of example, but not by way of limitation, various embodiments discussed in the present document. FIG. 1 illustrates generally an example of an air powered vending system including a cabinet configured to store a plurality of goods, retail items, or non- retail items, such as cigarette packs.

FIG. 2 illustrates generally an example of an air powered vending system include a cabinet having a plurality of bins. FIGS. 3-5 illustrate generally examples of various cigarette pack orientations.

FIG. 6 illustrates generally an example of a free piston. FIGS. 7-8 illustrates generally examples of a retrieval device configured to be placed at the front of a bin to retrieve a cigarette pack or other good or item from the bin.

FIG. 9 illustrates generally an example of a cross section of a retrieval device.

FIG. 10 illustrates generally an example of a catcher/thrower. FIGS. 1 IA-I IH illustrate generally an example of a cigarette pack being popped to a catcher at the top of a cabinet that directs the cigarette pack to an output bin for retrieval by a user or customer.

FIG. 12 illustrates generally an example of an output bin placed at an ergonomic height on the outside of a cabinet.

FIG. 13 illustrates generally an example of a funnel used to direct a good or item to a specific point on a cabinet, such as an output bin.

FIG. 14 illustrates generally an example of a catcher, a funnel, and an output bin.

FIG. 15 illustrates generally an example of a cabinet including a tube. FIG. 16 illustrates generally an example of an output bin coupled to a tube.

FIG. 17 illustrates generally an example of a system including multiple output bins. FIGS 18A- 18C illustrate generally examples of a two way gate.

FIGS. 19-26 illustrate generally examples of a retrieval device in various stages of operation.

FIGS. 27A-27E illustrate generally an example of a catcher/thrower in various stages of operation. FIG. 28 illustrates generally an example of steady state operating characteristics of a basic commercial grade vacuum impellor.

FIG. 29 illustrates generally an example of an enclosure including a fan, an input, an output, a rotating switching plate, and a motor.

FIG. 30 illustrates generally an example of a cutaway view of an enclosure and a fan.

FIGS. 31-34 illustrate generally examples of four separate fan operating positions: charging for pressure; charging for vacuum; delivering pressure; and delivering vacuum.

FIG. 35 illustrates generally an example of a method including providing vacuum against a free piston to remove a first object from a bin using a retrieval device, and transporting the first object, using the retrieval device, to an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present inventors have recognized, among other things, a system and method for accurately tracking inventory and minimizing theft of goods, retail items, or non-retail items in convenience stores or other businesses open to the public. In certain examples, the system and method disclosed herein can contain a large amount or variety of goods or items, such as packages of cigarette or other goods, retail items, or non-retail items.

OVERVIEW

This document discusses, among other things, a system and method for providing vacuum against a free piston to remove a first object from a bin using a retrieval device, the bin containing a plurality of objects, and transporting the first object, using the retrieval device, to an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user.

In certain example, goods, retail items, or non-retail items in a convenience store or other business are stored on an open shelf or open bin for customers to retrieve. However, some of these storage devices are not compact, and many are not secure. The present inventors have recognized, among other things, a system and method for storing goods, retail items, or non-retail items in a compact or secure location, decreasing theft of these goods or items, as well as increasing the ability for the convenience store or other business to keep an accurate inventory of the goods or items. In an example, positive and negative air pressure can be used to deliver the goods or items to a customer or other user from a compact or secure storage location. Further, in certain examples, the goods or items can be delivered to the customer or other user at an ergonomic height for retrieval .

The proposed system and method can provide a simple, low cost design alternative to the conventional vending system approach where some type of product movement is provided for every storage location. As the number of storage locations rises (e.g., with certain examples having over 300 storage locations to populate), even the cheapest product mover (e.g., a solenoid or unique low cost motor) in the conventional vending systems become prohibitively expensive. The system and method disclosed herein can provide quick product picking and delivery to a customer or other user with low machine cost, low complexity, and high reliability, due in part to the low number of motors and control required in contrast to the conventional approach.

In certain examples, the bins that the good or item is placed in can be customized for a specific good or item. In an example, the bins can be customized to store cigarette packages. In certain examples, the bins can include a horizontal bin, or a mostly horizontal bin slightly higher at one side, either the front or the back. In an example, the bins can be tilted slightly, e.g., to keep the packs from spilling out of the inventory bins during loading or during a dispensing operation. Because the variance in size between cigarette packs is relatively small in relation to the overall size of the packages, the bins can be arranged in a compact arrangement. The compact arrangement of the bins can allow for a large number of different stock-keeping units (SKUs) (e.g., 240 SKUs or more) plus a large number of carryover locations to be stored in one moderate sized machine, sized and shaped to fit through the average convenience store or other business door. In certain examples, the system and method can include an inventory control system (e.g., an artificial intelligence based inventory control system). The inventory control system can be used to maximize product availability for a prolonged period. In an example, the inventory control system can use historical data to assign SKU/bin allocations to minimize search/pick times or to maximize (or balance) product stock-out time. In certain examples, the inventory control system can generate reports that can be compared against cash register reports to control theft or other loss of inventory (e.g., a store clerk or other employee not charging for the good or item). In an example, a monitoring system can link a point of sale system (such as a cash register system) to an inventory control system, such as to perform payment reconciliation using software.

Example 1 includes a system comprising a bin, a first object, a free piston, a retrieval device, and a fan. In example 1 , the bin can have a front end and a back end. The first object can be sized and shaped to be stored in the bin. The free piston can be located between the first object and the back end of the bin. The free piston can also be configured in size and shape to be moveable inside the bin and to provide a force against the first object wen vacuum is applied to the front end of the bin. The retrieval device can be moveable perpendicular to the front end of the bin. The retrieval device can also be configured to be placed against the front end of the bin. The fan can be coupled to the retrieval device and configured to provide vacuum to the front end of the bin when the retrieval device is placed against the front end of the bin. When the retrieval device is placed against the front end of the bin and the fan provides vacuum, the free piston provides a force against the first object. The force applied by the free piston moves the first object from the bin into the retrieval device.

In Example 2, the system of Example 1 optionally including an out put bin. In Example 2, the retrieval device can include a catcher-thrower piston configured to receive the first object as it enters the retrieval device. In Example 3, the catcher-thrower piston of Example 2 optionally is configured to be moveable in the retrieval device and to accelerate the first object before releasing the first object to be transported to the output bin.

In Example 4, the catcher-thrower piston of any one of the Examples 2-3 optionally is configured to rotate and push a second object back into the bin before releasing the first object.

In Example 5, the system of any one of the Examples 2-4 optionally including a catcher configured to receive a first object from the retrieval device at a height above the output bin and direct the object to the output bin. In Example 6, the system of any one of the Examples 2-5 optionally include a tube coupled to the retrieval device and the output bin, configured to receive the first object from the retrieval device and transport the first object to the output bin.

In Example 7, the fan of the Example 6 optionally is configured to provide an air current through at least a portion of the tube to assist the first object to move from the retrieval device to the output bin.

In Example 8, the first object of any one of the Examples 6-7 optionally is moved from the retrieval device to the output bin using only the force provided by the catcher-thrower piston. In Example 9, the free piston of any one of the Examples 1-8 optionally is a second object sized and shaped to be stored in the bin.

In Example 10, the fan of any one of the Examples 1-9 optionally includes a housing having an input and an output. The fan can also include four operating modes including: building pressure, delivering pressure, building vacuum, and delivering vacuum. The four operating modes can be switched without stopping or reversing the fan.

Example 11 includes a system comprising an enclosure, a plurality of product storage bins, a plurality of free pistons, and a product retrieval device. The enclosure can include an output bin for dispensing a plurality of products. The plurality of product storage bins are open on at least one end and can be positions horizontally from front to back within the enclosure. The product storage bins are also configured to hold a first and a second product to be dispensed. The plurality of free pistons can be positioned within each of the product storage bins behind the first and second products. The product retrieval device can be moveably mounted perpendicular to the product delivery bins with an opening capable of mating to the front end of one of the product storage bins. The product retrieval device can also apply vacuum to one of the product delivery bins at a time to extract the first product.

In Example 12, the system of Example 11 optionally including a pneumatic device to provide both vacuum and positive air pressure through a coupling to the product retrieval device.

In Example 13, the system of any one of Examples 11-12 optionally including a catcher-thrower piston slidably mounted within the product retrieval device to receive and dispense the extracted first product.

In Example 14, the catcher-thrower piston of Example 13 optionally includes a camming surface for pushing the second product back into the bin upon dispensing the first product.

In Example 15, the system of any one of Examples 11-14 optionally including an output bin configured to deliver the first product at an ergonomic height.

In Example 16, the catcher-thrower of any one of Examples 12-15 optionally ejects the first product into the output bin when positive air pressure is applied by the pneumatic device.

Example 17 includes a method comprising providing, using a retrieval device, vacuum against a free piston to remove a first object from a bin containing a plurality of objects.

In Example 18, the method of Example 17 optionally including receiving the first object in the retrieval device using a catcher-thrower piston located inside the retrieval device.

In Example 19, the method of any one of Examples 17-18 optionally including transporting the first object, using the retrieval device, to an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user.

In Example 20, the transporting the first object using the retrieval device of Example 19 optionally includes providing air pressure below the catcher- thrower piston. The catcher-thrower piston can be moveable inside the retrieval device, while providing air pressure below the catcher-thrower piston accelerates the first object out of the retrieval device. In Example 21, the providing the vacuum against the free piston and the providing the air pressure below the catcher-thrower piston of Example 20 optionally includes using a fan.

In Example 22, the using the fan of Example 21 optionally includes switching the fan between four operating modes without stopping or reversing the fan. The four operating modes includes: building pressure, delivering pressure, building vacuum, and delivering vacuum.

In Example 23, the method of any one of Examples 17-22 optionally including limiting removal to the first object using the geometry of at least one of the first object, the retrieval device, or the catcher-thrower piston.

In Example 24, the limiting the removal to the first object of Example 23 optionally includes pushing a second object away from the retrieval device back into the bin by rotating a catcher-thrower piston before projecting the first object out of the top of the retrieval device.

In Example 25, the free piston of any one of claims 17-24 optionally is a second object located behind at least the first object in the bin.

This overview is intended to provide an overview of subject matter of the present patent application. It is not intended to provide an exclusive or exhaustive explanation of the invention. The detailed description is included to provide further information about the present patent application. Once the first object is in the retrieval device, the fan can be configured to provide air pressure under the catcher- thrower piston to transport the first object to the output bin. The output bin can be configured to be placed at an ergonomic height for retrieval of the first object by a user.

Air Powered Cigarette Pack Vending

In an example, the system and method can include an air powered cigarette pack vending device or a method for vending cigarette packages using air power.

FIGS. 1 illustrate generally an example of an air powered vending system 100 including a cabinet 105 configured to store a plurality of goods, retail items, or non-retail items, such as cigarette packs. In certain examples, the air powered vending system 100 can include or be coupled to a register or other user controlled processor or computer configured to provide a vending request, such as from a user or customer. In an example, the air powered vending system 100 can include a retrieval device, configured to retrieve a good or item from the cabinet 105, and deliver the good or item to the user or customer, or to a location where a user or customer can retrieve the good or item. In an example, cabinet 105 can include a lockable or otherwise secure cabinet, e.g., to help defeat theft. In certain examples, the cabinet can be opened, such as for restocking or inventory, only by an owner, a trusted employee, or other authorized user. Security for the cabinet can include one or more locks or other security measures, such as fingerprint or voice identification, etc. In an example, cigarette packs, or other goods or items, can only be obtained (e.g., vended) from the cabinet after the clerk or other user enters an acceptable identification or other password into the system and selects the type of cigarette or other good or item and the desired quantity (e.g., the number of cigarette packs, etc.) In certain examples, this information can be recorded, along with a time stamp, by a component of the system (e.g., an inventory control system) onto a hard drive or other memory for later inventory control, for recall, or for reporting.

In various examples, the inventory control system can be configured to generate a report (e.g., on demand, on a certain time schedule, such as once per day, etc.) that can be compared with the point of sale (POS) information for cigarette packages or other dispensed items that have been sold. In an example, if the inventory control report does not match the POS information, then the clerk or other user responsible can be identified and dealt with. Providing this reporting, coupled with the secure nature of the storage cabinet, can greatly reduce the amount of theft and corresponding losses from theft of cigarette packages or other goods or items stored in the system.

Cost of Theft

For example, the cost of cigarette pack theft includes the loss of the cigarette packages and the total cost of labor associated with efforts to prevent theft. If a cigarette pack costs $4, the number of packs that must be stolen before a large bill is created is not much.

In certain examples, to help reduce theft of cigarette packs or other goods or items, stores have instituted a once per day, and even once per shift, cigarette inventory. These inventories can require a significant amount of time due to the gross number of stock keeping units (SKUs) associated with the different brands of cigarettes (commonly over 240 SKUs per store, with many copies of each SKU in storage throughout the store). In this example, if the employees did not need to perform the inventories, they could spend that time doing other productive work to generate more revenue for the store. This system and method can eliminate the need to perform frequent inventories because the device can keep track of its own inventory, including both incoming and outgoing packs of cigarettes. Thus, a physical inventory could be performed only when the rest of the store's contents (goods, retail items, or non-retail items) are counted.

Cabinet Size FIG. 2 illustrates generally an example of an air powered vending system 200 include a cabinet 205 having a plurality of bins, such as bin 210. In an example, the bins can be configured to store a large number of different cigarette types (e.g., 240 SKUs, or other required or sufficient numbers) so that the vending device or cabinet 105 does not have to be restocked often. The vending device and method can be convenient to use, can be quickly restocked, and can quickly and easily fill orders to be vended. Further, the vending device and method disclosed herein can be inexpensive compared to cost savings and time savings associated with theft and other loss of traditional vending or other dispensing methods, and can be difficult to tamper with or otherwise steal from. In an example, the overall size of the cabinet 205 can be reasonably sized so that the device can be moved into the store or other business without overwhelming the store or other business or any neighboring displays or vending devices. In an example, the cabinet 205 can be sized and shaped to fit through many store or business doors. Thus, in an example, tilted upright, the cabinet can be, at most, roughly 6.5 feet high by about 4 feet wide by about 32 inches deep, such as is approximately shown in FIGS. 1-2. In an example, the cabinet can be capable of holding at least one carton of each of approximately 240 SKUs, plus multiple cartons of the more popular SKUs. The following table illustrates typical pack sizes. Cigarette Pack Sizes

Pack Width Length Thickness

Short 2.075 2.785 0.840

Standard Size 2.200 3.300 0.900

Long & Thin 2.060 4.875 0.850

Medium & Thin 2.000 3.970 0.635

Wide & Thick 2.435 3.250 0.925

Maximums 2.435 4.875 0.925

Table A.

In an example, using the approximate maximums from Table A, one pack of cigarettes can consume a volume of approximately 1 inch by 2.5 inches by 5 inches, or 12.5 cubic inches per pack. In an example, a cabinet roughly 6.5 feet high by 4 feet wide by 32 inches deep, using approximately all of the volume of the storage unit, can yield approximately 119,808 cubic inches of storage. In this example, this amount of space can store approximately 9,585 packs of cigarettes, or 958 groups of 10 packs of cigarettes (or cartons).

In various examples, convenience stores or other businesses can desire to stock a large number of different types (e.g., brands or varieties) of cigarettes, including up to or more than 240 individual groups of cigarette packs plus as many duplicate groups as possible for the most popular SKUs. In an example, approximately 50% of the contents of the cabinet can include the top 20% of all SKUs, and approximately 50% of the contents of the cabinet can include the bottom 80% of the SKUs. In other examples, the specific sales distribution for a specific area or device can be detected and applied. Assigning one bin to each of the bottom 80% of the SKUs yields 192 bins and assigning four bins to each of the top 20% of the SKUs yields another 192 bins, leaving a reasonable target of at least 384 bins. In an example, the estimated maximum cabinet size, roughly 6.5 feet high by 4 feet wide by 32 inches deep, is large enough to contain the desired individual groups of cigarette packs, provided that the cigarette packages only consume approximately 40% of the available volume. Physical Orientation

In certain examples, the orientation of the cigarette packs in the cabinet is a fairly key consideration. FIGS. 3-5 illustrate generally examples of various cigarette pack orientations. FIG. 3 illustrates generally an example of three different sized cigarette packs 306, 307, 308 in a first configuration at the front of a bin 305 followed by a free piston 310.

FIG. 4 illustrates generally an example of several cigarette packs 406, 407, 408, 409 in a second configuration at the front of a bin 405. FIG. 5 illustrates generally an example of several cigarette packs 506,

507, 508 in a third configuration at the front of a bin 505.

In an example, the thinnest direction of the pack can be placed along the bin, such as shown in FIG. 4. In this orientation, the pack can be unstable and can fall out of the bin if excited by a vibration of the cabinet. This can be prevented using a motorized or other stop in each bin, but at the addition of considerable cost to the device.

In an example, the long direction of the pack can be placed along the bin, such as shown in FIG. 5. However, this orientation can allow a minimum (e.g., 5) number of cigarette packs per bin, resulting in a substantially higher number of bins than other configurations. In certain examples, this configuration may offer more flexibility in SKU/bin allocation, but this may not be required. In this example, the bin walls can take up space, wasting volume, and increasing overall system cost.

In an example, the middle direction of the pack can be placed along the bin, such as shown in FIG. 3. The long direction could then be across the machine or aligned with the vertical, wasting less space alongside the bin array than a horizontal orientation (because an integer number of bins/packs must fit in the dimension). In this example, using this orientation, 10 cigarette packs can be placed within a bin and still leave approximately 32 inches -25 inches, or approximately 7 inches of space for the cabinet and associated picking mechanism. Further, using this orientation, the packs can be loaded directly from a carton with the proper tool, cutting restocking time, a key consideration for acceptance and use of the system. Using these results, a front view of a proposed device with the front door missing can appear similar to that shown in FIG. 2. The orientation of the device shown in FIG. 2 can allow for necessary clearance on the left and right to allow for a picking mechanism, as well as allow for room on the top and bottom to allow for the pack to clear delivery system components.

The cabinet in FIG. 2 shows 340 bins. In other examples, the cabinet can include one or more rows, bringing the total to 374 bins or more, the cabinet can include one or more columns, bringing the total to 350 bins or more, or the cabinet can include one or more columns and one or more rows, bringing the total to 385 bins or more. Further, in the example of FIG. 2, the bins are open in the back to allow air to flow toward the front of the bin.

Retrieval Device and Method The present inventors have recognized, among other things, a system and method for retrieving a good, retail item, or non-retail item from a bin, as well as a system and method for placing an object at an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user.

One conventional vending machine method uses a motor/lead screw in each bin to move objects to the front of the bin for extraction. However, having a motor/lead screw in a large number of bins (e.g., 340 bins or more) can increase the cost of implementation potentially on the order of thousands of dollars for parts and associated mounting, wiring, and activation. Alternatively, a constant force spring can be used to push the objects forward in each bin, and some type of solenoid can be used to stop the objects from falling from the bin, except when desired. Here again, however, the cost can be on the order of $1000 for parts and associated mounting, wiring, and activation. Another alternative can include sloping the bins to bring the objects to the front of the bin, however, the associated geometry of this alternative reduces the number of bins that can be used, and further this alternative still requires some type of solenoid to stop the objects from falling from the bin, except when desired.

Thus, the present inventors have recognized, among other things, a system and method for low cost, efficient, and quick retrieval of a good, retail item, or non- retail item from a bin. Further, the conventional vending machine method typically allows the selected object to fall to the bottom of the machine for retrieval. In a commercial application, such as for a clerk at a convenience store, the conventional method would place the objects too low for routine picking, typically about 2 feet or less above the floor. In some examples, some users, such as convenience store clerks, can retrieve objects from this device (e.g., cigarette packs) many times per day (e.g., hundreds, even thousands of times per day).

One conventional vending machine approach to place an object at an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user can include using an X-Y gantry in front of the bins. In certain examples, the cost of the gantry can be less than the cost of individual motors and lead screws used in the bins. The gantry can allow an object to be selected from a bin and transported to an ergonomic height for delivery to the user. However, in this example, the gantry must run from the storage point (likely near the center of the bin array) to the desired bin, receive an object, and transport the object for retrieval by a user. The movement from park to the desired bin, and then from the desired bin to retrieval can take twice as long as solely receiving an object. Thus, the present inventors have recognized, among other things, a system and method for low cost, efficient, and quick placement of an object at an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user. In an example, the system and method disclosed herein can include using an X-Y gantry including moving from its previous location to the desired bin, in certain examples, without moving the X-Y gantry to transport the object for retrieval by the user. In an example, the system can include a retrieval device, coupled to a vacuum (e.g., a fan configured to provide a vacuum), configured to provide a vacuum force to the bin to bring an object, such as a cigarette pack, toward the front of the bin (e.g., to be retrieved by the retrieval device). In an example, the back of each bin can be left open to the atmosphere, allowing air to flow to the front of the bin, and a free piston can be placed at the back of the bin to restrict the flow of air to the front of the bin, such as the free piston shown in FIG. 6. In certain examples, if the objects in the bins are large enough in relation to the overall bin size, a free piston would not be required to be placed behind them in order to move the objects. However, if the bins cannot be custom tailored to each product, the free piston can provide the required air resistance to move the objects towards the front of the bin.

In an example, the horizontal axis of the bins can be perpendicular to the top or bottom of the cabinet, e.g., in order to maximize the available space in the cabinet. However, in other examples, if there is remaining space in the design of the cabinet, the bins can be sloped (e.g., slightly sloped, such as a few percent grade or less, so as to not move the objects without an applied force) to assist in bringing the objects to the front of the bins, or to assist in holding the objects from falling out of the back of the bin (e.g., during loading, etc.). In the example of FIG. 3, the cigarette packs 306, 307, 308 can be brought to the front of the bin 305 using the free piston 310.

In an example, the free piston 310 can be configured to be slip fit in the bin 305 with clearance so the free piston 310 cannot stick or become lodged in the bin 305. In an example, when a vacuum force is applied to the front of the bin 305, air should flow past the free piston 310 while still delivering enough force to move the free piston 310 and any objects placed in front of the free piston 310 (in this example, cigarette packs) towards the front of the bin 305.

In an example, if a cigarette pack weighs approximately 1 ounce, and if a typical load in a bin can include 10 cigarette packs, then a typical load in the bin can be approximately 10 ounces. If the friction coefficient between a cigarette pack and the bin is approximately 0.1 , then the force required to move the typical load (e.g., 10 cigarette packs) can be approximately 1 ounce. If a reasonable vacuum cleaner impeller can generate 50 or more inches of water worth of vacuum, it is reasonable to assume that 10 inches of water worth of vacuum can be generated while air is leaking past a free piston. Thus, the approximate force on the free piston can be 5 in^Λ2 * 14.7 psi * (10/(12*32.2)), or approximately 1.9 pounds, more than enough to move the estimated typical load.

FIG. 6 illustrates generally an example of a free piston 610. In an example, the free piston can include a long portion configured to relatively fill a cross section of the bin, as well as one or more other feature configured to keep the long portion relatively in line with the cross section of the bin, or to keep the long portion from sticking or becoming lodged in the bin. In this example, the one or more other feature includes a first leg extending from the top of the long

IS portion towards the front of the bin, and a second leg extending from the bottom of the long portion towards the front of the bin.

In an example, the free piston 610 can be extruded from recycled plastic, cut to length, and be cleaned for a total cost of significantly less than one dollar per bin, significantly less than using a mechanical method of bringing the packs towards the front of the bin, such as a constant force spring or other mechanical member.

FIGS. 7-8 illustrates generally examples of a retrieval device 705, 805 configured to be placed at the front of a bin to retrieve a cigarette pack or other good or item from the bin. In an example, the retrieval device 705, 805 can be placed at the front of the bin using an x-y gantry.

In an example, the retrieval device 705, 805 can be coupled to a fan or other vacuum or air pressure device, such as by using a hose or device coupled to a port at the bottom of the retrieval device 705, 805. In an example, after the retrieval device 705, 805 is placed at the front of a bin, a vacuum force can be applied to move a cigarette pack into the retrieval device. In an example, the vacuum force can be applied against a free piston, such as is shown in FIG. 6, to move a cigarette pack or other good or item towards the front of the bin and into the retrieval device 705, 805. In certain examples, a remaining cigarette pack in the bin can protrude into the retrieval device 705, 805, e.g., due to the varying dimensions of different cigarette packs. In an example, one or more features of or on the retrieval device

705, 805 can be configured to push the remaining pack back into the bin or flush with the front of the bin after a single cigarette pack or other good or item is received. In an example, this can be accomplished without using a separate actuator or other mechanical device, instead using only one or more feature of or on the retrieval device 705, 805 at little additional cost.

Transport Device and Method Once the cigarette pack or other good or item has been received by the retrieval device 705, 805, the cigarette pack or other good or item can be transported to a user or customer, or to a location for retrieval by a user or customer. In an example, the retrieval device 705, 805 can transport the cigarette pack or other good or item to an exit bin using the x-y gantry. However, this would take a substantial amount of time. Further, if more than one cigarette pack is ordered, the retrieval device would have to travel to the exit bin, back to the bin holding the correct cigarette pack, and then again to the exit bin, taking up an even greater amount of time. Thus, the present inventors have recognized, among other things, a system and method for delivering the cigarette pack or other good or item to a user or customer, or to a location for retrieval by a user or customer.

In an example, the cigarette pack, once removed from the bin by the retrieval device 705, 805 can be allowed to fall to a catch near the bottom of the cabinet. In certain examples, the catch can include a device, such as a funnel, near the bottom of the cabinet, with the device directing the cigarette pack into a delivery tube or other transportation device. In an example, the tube can include a 1" by 2.5" cross-section rectangular extruded tube, or other suitable configuration. In an example, the pack can be sensed at the tube by a sensor, such as a LED/photo transistor detector, and a fan or other vacuum or air pressure device, such as a vacuum cleaner impellor, can be configured to deliver high pressure air to the tube to transport the cigarette pack or other good or item. In an example, the tube can blow the cigarette pack to an outlet bin on the machine at a convenient height for retrieval (e.g., an ergonomic height), or the tube can deliver the cigarette pack to a clerk station or other customer receiving point within or outside of the convenience store or other business. In an example, the system can include multiple drop points configured to deliver the cigarette pack or other good or item to one or more clerk stations or other customer locations. In an example, the system can be located any place within or outside of the store (e.g., a storage room), so as to not take up valuable floor space.

In other examples, the cigarette pack can be popped up from the retrieval device and can be redirected by a catcher at the top of the cabinet down to an output bin set at an ergonomic height for a customer, clerk, or other store or business employee. The popping can be accomplished using a very light weight piston in the picker and a fan or other air pressure device. In an example, the piston and the pack can be blown, using the fan or other air pressure device, for a distance (e.g., 6 inches) within the retrieval device. When the piston stops, the cigarette pack can continue to move upwards to the top of the cabinet. FIG. 9 illustrates generally an example of a cross section of a retrieval device 905. In certain examples, the retrieval device 905 can be fabricated using plastic, such as 3 inch PVC tubing or other material. In an example, the retrieval device 905 can include a port 910, configured to couple a fan or other vacuum or air pressure device to the retrieval device 905. In this example, the retrieval device 905 includes an opening for a cigarette pack or other good or item to enter the retrieval device from a bin.

In various examples, the retrieval device can include a catcher/thrower 915, sized and shaped to receive the cigarette pack or other good or item once it enters the retrieval device 905. In an example, once the cigarette pack or other good or item has been received by the catcher/thrower 915, a positive air pressure force can be applied through the port 910 configured to transport the cigarette pack or other good or item out an opening at the top of the retrieval device 905 to a user or customer, or to a location for retrieval by a user or customer.

In an example, the retrieval device 905 can include an channel (or angled slot) 920 on its side configured to direct the catcher/thrower 915 as it moves up the retrieval device. In certain examples, the catcher/thrower 915 can be configured to rotate the cigarette pack or other good or item to correspond to other system components before it releases the cigarette pack or other good or item. Further, in an example, the rotation of the catcher/thrower 915 can serve to push one or more other cigarette packs or other goods or items back into the bin. FIG. 10 illustrates generally an example of a catcher/thrower 1015. In an example, the catcher/thrower 1015 can be sized and shaped to receive a cigarette pack or other good or item, including shaped to direct and secure the cigarette pack into the center of the catcher/thrower, so as to remain in an optimal position to be popped, thrown, or tossed up and out of the retrieval device. In certain examples, the catcher/thrower 1015 can include lightweight stiffener ribs on one or both sides of the catcher/thrower 1015 to provide structural integrity. In the example of FIG. 10, the catcher/thrower 1015 can include a pin 1020 to engage a channel (e.g., a channel in the retrieval device, such as channel 920).

In an example, the base of the catcher/thrower 1015 can include a perforated washer 1021 and a diaphragm 1022 to act as a seal during pressure operation. In certain examples, the washer 1021 can have holes to allow air to flow down through the catcher/thrower 1015 when vacuum is applied to the bottom of the retrieval device, such as to pull a cigarette pack or other good or item from the bin into the retrieval device. In certain examples, once a cigarette pack or other good or item enters the catcher/thrower 1015, air pressure can be applied to the retrieval device. As pressure is applied, the diaphragm 1022 can move up against the washer 1021 and plug the air holes, forcing the catcher/thrower 1015 up the retrieval device. In an example, as the catcher/thrower 1015 rotates, it can push any remaining cigarette packs or other goods or items back into the bin, as well as seal off the bin enough so that air cannot easily leak out.

FIGS. 1 IA-I IH illustrate generally an example of a cigarette pack 1105 being popped to a catcher 1110 at the top of a cabinet that directs the cigarette pack 1105 to an output bin 1115 for retrieval by a user or customer. In this example, the cigarette pack has been rotated 90 degrees from the bin orientation to the launching orientation, hi an example, this rotation can be accomplished by the retrieval device, such as is shown in FIGS. 19-26.

FIG. 1 IA illustrates generally a cigarette pack 1105 before it reaches a catcher 1110 at the top of the cabinet. FIGS. 1 IB-I IF illustrate generally the cigarette pack 1105 reaching the catcher 1110 at top of the cabinet and being directed down a funnel 1 120 towards the output bin 1115. hi an example, the catcher 1110 can include a piece of cylindrically curved material. The diameter of the cylinder must be greater than the longest pack length (e.g., 5 inches) to guarantee that the pack can be caught by it and have its direction turned from upwards to downwards into the funnel 1120 directing the pack into the output bin 1115. hi certain examples, the radius of the curvature must be kept to a minimum due to the size constraints of the cabinet. The small radius can reflect in the pack stopping before it rotates all around the catcher, which is acceptable, so long as enough of the pack is over the bottom of the catcher that the pack can fall down the funnel 1120. FIG. 1 IG illustrates generally the cigarette pack 1105 in the output bin 1115.

FIG. 12 illustrates generally an example of an output bin 1215 placed at an ergonomic height on the outside of a cabinet 1205. hi an example, the ergonomic height can include a retrieval height that does not induce strain to the back or knees of a user or customer during retrieval. In certain examples, the retrieval height can be placed so that a user or customer does not have to bend at the waist or the knee to retrieve the good or item dispensed.

FIG. 13 illustrates generally an example of a funnel 1320 used to direct a good or item to a specific point on a cabinet, such as an output bin (e.g., output bin 1115). In this example, the funnel device 1320 can be placed on the inside front of a cabinet, such as inside a front door of the cabinet. The funnel device 1320 can be placed so the cigarette pack or other good or item can be popped up from any horizontal location in the cabinet, eliminating the need for the retrieval device to be moved once it has received the cigarette pack or other good or item

FIG. 14 illustrates generally an example of a catcher 1410, a funnel 1420, and an output bin 1415. In an example, the catcher 1410 and the top of the funnel 1420 can be placed along the width of the cabinet, and the catcher 1410 can be centrally or otherwise located. In other examples, the cigarette pack or other good or item can be directed out of the retrieval device and into a tube configured to carry the cigarette pack or other good or item to a location outside of the cabinet, e.g., to a clerk workstation or other location via a tube system, such as a pneumatic tube system. The tube distribution system can run above a ceiling and provide cigarette packs or other goods or items to users or customers using dropdown units.

FIG. 15 illustrates generally an example of a cabinet 1505 including a tube 1510. In an example, the cabinet can include a retrieval device configured to retrieve a cigarette pack or other good or item from a bin in the cabinet and direct the cigarette pack into the tube 1510. The cigarette pack or other good or item can be directly placed from the retrieval device into the tube 1510, or the cigarette pack or other good or item can be first placed in a first location (e.g., using a catcher or a funnel), and then directed into the tube 1510 using a second device (e.g., using a catcher/thrower). In the example of FIG. 15, the tube 1510 is shown going through a ceiling tile, e.g., to be run above the ceiling of the store or business.

FIG. 16 illustrates generally an example of an output bin 1605 coupled to a tube 1610. In this example, the tube 1610 is descending through a ceiling to an ergonomic or convenient height for a user or customer. The output bin 1605 can be configured to receive a cigarette pack or other good or item. In an example, the output bin 1605 can be placed approximately at eye level to a user or store clerk, so as to not use commercial space in a convenience store or other business, to be easily retrieved from the output bin 1605, as well as to remain out of the line of sight between the clerk and a customer. In certain examples, the base of the output bin can be padded to cushion the fall of the cigarette pack or other good or item, as well as to dampen the sound of its delivery. Various shapes, configurations, or materials (e.g., clear or translucent plastic) can be used for the output bin besides that shown in FIG. 16. FIG. 17 illustrates generally an example of a system including multiple output bins 1705, 1706, 1707. In an example, the output bins 1705, 1706, 1707 can be coupled to a main tube 1710 through tube branches 1711, 1712, 1713. In certain examples, cigarette packs, goods, or other items can be directed to a desired output bin using a processor or other controller and one or more two way gates (e.g., two way gate 1715, 1716).

FIGS 18A-18C illustrate generally examples of a two way gate 1805. FIG. 18A illustrates generally an example of a tube branch 1811 coupled to a main tube 1810. In this example, the two way gate 1805 is coupled at the union of the tube branch 1811 and the main tube 1810. FIG. 18B illustrates generally the two way gate 1805 in a closed position, allowing access to the main tube 1810 and blocking access to the tube branch 1811. FIG. 18C illustrates generally the two way gate 1810 in an open position, blocking access to the main tube 1810 and allowing access to the tube branch 181 1. In other examples, other switches or logic can be used to control access to one or more output bins.

Example Retrieval Device and Catcher/Thrower System and Method

FIGS. 19-26 illustrate generally examples of a retrieval device in various stages of operation. FIGS. 19A-26A illustrate generally examples of the retrieval device shown including an outside casing or housing. FIG. 19B-26B illustrate generally examples of the retrieval device without the outside casing or housing.

FIG. 19A-19B illustrates generally an example of a retrieval device 1905 located at a bin (not shown), the bin including a first cigarette pack 1906 and a second cigarette pack 1907. In the example FIG. 19A, the retrieval device 1905 includes a housing 1910. In the example of FIG. 19B, the retrieval device 1905 is shown without the housing 1910, illustrating the position of a catcher/thrower 1915 within the retrieval device 1905.

The retrieval device 1905 of FIGS. 19A-19B can include a port 1911 at the base to couple the retrieval device 1905 to a vacuum or air pressure device, a bracket 1912 on the housing 1910 to couple the retrieval device 1905 to an x-y gantry or other moving device, and a door 1914 configured to provide a seal if vacuum is applied to the port 1911 or to open when a cigarette pack is moved out of the retrieval device 1905. In an example, the port 1911 can include a union (e.g., a slip fit union fitting) or other port to be easily coupled to. In other examples, the retrieval device 1905 can include more than one bracket, e.g., the bracket 1912 and another bracket on the other side of the retrieval device 1905, such as for stability.

In an example, once the retrieval device 1905 is positioned in front of a bin, a vacuum can be applied to the port 1911. When the vacuum is applied, the door 1914 can provide a seal at the top of the retrieval device 1905 and a force can be applied to the bin, including pulling a free piston against one or more cigarette pack (e.g., the first cigarette pack 1906, the second cigarette pack 1907, etc.). FIGS. 20A-20B illustrate generally an example of a first cigarette pack

2006 entering a retrieval device 2005. In this example, once a vacuum has been applied to the retrieval device 2005 (e.g., using a port 2011), the first cigarette pack 2006 can be pulled from a bin (e.g., using a free piston) through an opening into the retrieval device 2005 and can be directed to enter a catcher/thrower 2015. In an example, a second cigarette pack 2007 can begin to enter the retrieval device 2005, but can be stopped by the position of the first cigarette pack 2006, limited by the geometry of the catcher/thrower 2015 or the retrieval device 2005.

FIGS. 21 A-21B illustrate generally an example of a first cigarette pack 2106 in a retrieval device 2105 and seated in a catcher/thrower 2115. Once the first cigarette pack 2106 has entered the retrieval device 2105 (e.g., once the first cigarette pack 2106 has completely entered the catcher/thrower 2115), the vacuum can be turned off. In an example, the catcher/thrower 2115 can include a sensor (such as an optical or other sensor) to detect when the first cigarette pack 2106 or other object or item has reached the bottom of the catcher/thrower 2115. In other examples, the vacuum can be applied and turned off after a certain time period configured to allow the first cigarette pack 2106 to reach to bottom of the catcher/thrower 2112. In other examples, other sensors or timing configurations can be used to assure that the first cigarette pack 2106 or other object or item has reached the bottom of, or is otherwise secured or seated in, the catcher/thrower 2115. FIGS. 22A-22B illustrate generally an example of a catcher/thrower 2215 moving up a retrieval device 2205. In an example, once the first cigarette pack 2206 has completely entered the retrieval device 2205 and the vacuum has been turned off, an air pressure can be applied (e.g., through the port 2211). As positive pressure is applied, a diaphragm at the base of the catcher/thrower 2515 can provide a seal against the retrieval device 2205, building pressure below the catcher/thrower 2515, projecting it upwards. In an example, the catcher/thrower 2215 can be guided, as it is projected upwards, by a pin 2220 on the catcher/thrower 2215 traveling through a channel 2221 on the retrieval device 2205. hi certain examples, the channel 2221, or other device or feature, can be configured to keep the catcher/thrower 2215 in a desired position as it travels up the retrieval device 2205.

In this example, the channel 2221 can be configured to align the catcher/thrower 2215 with the cigarette pack as it exits the bin and enters the retrieval device 2205. As the catcher/thrower 2215 moves up the retrieval device, the channel 2221 can be configured to direct the cigarette pack to an orientation for transport out of the retrieval device 2205.

In other examples, as the catcher/thrower 2215 moves up the retrieval device 2205, a second cigarette pack 2207 can be pushed back away from the retrieval device 2205 and back into a bin, e.g., using the second cigarette pack 2207 or a feature of or the geometry of the catcher/thrower 2215.

In certain examples, air can be moved in front of the catcher/thrower 2215 as it moves up the retrieval device 2205, opening a door 2214 at the top of the retrieval device 2205 for the first cigarette pack 2206 to exit through. FIGS. 23A-23B illustrate generally an example of a catcher/thrower 2315 moving up and rotating in a retrieval device 2305. In an example, as the catcher/thrower 2315 rotates, a first cigarette pack located in the catcher/thrower 2315 or a feature of or the geometry of the catcher/thrower 2315 can be configured to push a second cigarette pack 2307 away from the retrieval device 2305. In an example, the catcher/thrower 2315 can be configured to rotate as much or more than 90 degrees from its starting position at the base of the retrieval device 2305.

FIGS. 24A-24B illustrate generally an example of a catcher/thrower 2415 moving up and rotating in a retrieval device 2405. In this example, the catcher/thrower 2415 rotates up the retrieval device 2405 (e.g., guided by a pin 2420 on the catcher/thrower 2415 traveling through a channel 2421 on the retrieval device 2405) for a certain distance before moving up without rotating for a distance, so as to stop the rotation of the catcher/thrower 2415 before releasing its contents, such as a cigarette pack.

FIGS. 25A-25B illustrate generally an example of a catcher/thrower 2515 moving up a retrieval device 2505. In this example, the catcher/thrower 2515 is moving up and is not rotating. In certain examples, the catcher/thrower 2515 can be configured to seal off an opening in the retrieval device 2505 configured to permit an object or item (e.g., a cigarette pack) to enter the retrieval device 2505 (e.g., from a bin or other storage location). In an example, as the opening is sealed off, the air pressure in the retrieval device increases, increasing the force moving the catcher/thrower 2515 up the retrieval device 2505.

FIGS. 26A-26B illustrate generally an example of a catcher/thrower 2615 at the top of a retrieval device 2605, stopped by a pin 2620 in the catcher/thrower 2615 hitting the top of a channel 2621 in the retrieval device 2605. Once the catcher/thrower 2615 reaches the end of the channel 2621, the contents of the catcher/thrower 2615 (e.g., a cigarette pack or other good or item) are ejected, traveling with a vertical velocity. Once the contents has cleared the catcher/thrower 2615 or a door 2614 of the retrieval device 2605, an air pressure to the retrieval device can be turned off or stopped, and the door 2614 can close.

In certain examples, once the content of the catcher/thrower 2615 has been ejected, the retrieval device 2605 can retrieve other content (e.g., a second cigarette pack) from the same bin, or the retrieval device 2605 can be moved to another bin (e.g., using an x-y gantry or other movement device).

FIGS. 27A-27E illustrate generally an example of a catcher/thrower 2715 in various stages of operation. FIG. 27A illustrates generally an example of catcher/thrower 2715 without vacuum or air pressure being applied. In an example, the catcher/thrower 2715 can include a diaphragm 2716 and a perforated washer 2717.

FIG. 27B illustrates generally an example of a catcher/thrower 2715 with a vacuum force applied under the catcher/thrower 2715 (or an air pressure applied above the catcher/thrower 2715). As the vacuum force is applied, the diaphragm 2716 can move away from the perforated washer 2717, creating a path for air to move through, pulling a cigarette pack 2706 into the catcher/thrower 2715, e.g., from a bin or other storage location.

FIG. 27C illustrates generally an example of a catcher/thrower 2715 including the cigarette pack 2706. Once the cigarette pack 2706 is seated in the catcher/thrower 2715, the vacuum force can be turned off or stopped, allowing the diaphragm 2716 to move back against the perforated washer 2717.

FIG. 27D illustrates generally an example of a catcher/thrower 2715 with a positive air pressure applied under the catcher/thrower 2715 (or a negative air pressure or vacuum applied above the catcher/thrower 2715). As the positive air pressure is applied, the diaphragm 2716 seals against the perforated washer 2717 creating a seal. As the pressure builds below (or reduces above) the catcher/thrower 2715, it begins to travel up.

FIG. 27E illustrates generally an example of a catcher/thrower 2715 and an ejected cigarette pack 2706. As the catcher/thrower 2715 is moved upwards, it develops an upwards velocity. After a certain distance (e.g., 6 inches), the catcher/thrower 2715 can hit a stop (e.g., a pin against the top of a channel). As the catcher/thrower 2715 stops, the cigarette pack 2706 can continue with the velocity of the catcher/thrower 2715 before hitting the stop, ejecting the cigarette pack 2706.

Fan or Vacuum Device and Method

In certain examples, a basic commercial grade vacuum impellor can have a sufficient flow rate and pressure to provide the vacuum and air pressure for the system and method disclosed herein. FIG. 28 illustrates generally an example of steady state operating characteristics of a basic commercial grade vacuum impellor (AMETEK 131000-00).

A fan can take some time (e.g., part of a second or more) to come up to speed from a dead stop, to come to a stop from an operative speed, or to change directions from vacuum to pressure. Thus, to decrease cycle time of the system and method disclosed herein, the fan can stay running in the same direction during the time vacuum and pressure is needed, switching between input and output for vacuum and pressure. FIG. 29 illustrates generally an example of an enclosure 2905 including a fan, an input 2906, an output 2907, a rotating switching plate 2910, and a motor 2915. In an example, operating the fan within the enclosure 2905 having appropriate sized reservoir volumes can allow for a rapid buildup of pressure or vacuum that can then be used to remove a cigarette pack out of a bin or project the cigarette pack up to a catcher or other output.

In an example, the motor 2915 can rotate the switching plate (e.g., using a cable, a belt, or other coupling method) on command from a register, processor, or other controller (e.g., a system programmable logic (or ladder) controller (PLC)). In an example, the rotating switching plate 2910 can include the output 2907 (e.g., a low leakage, swiveling union hose connection) and the input 2906 (e.g., a simple round hole). In this example, the rotating switching plate 2910 can be coupled to a fixed switching plate 2911 (not shown in FIG. 29), having mating holes for the input 2906 and the output 2907 from the rotating switching plate 2910. FIG. 30 illustrates generally an example of a cutaway view of an enclosure 3005 and a fan 3020. In this example, the internal volume of the enclosure 3005 is split in two with the fan 3020 separating the two volumes. In an example, the internal size of each volume can be approximately 0.25 cubic foot in size, sufficient to quickly build enough pressure to move a cigarette pack throughout the system.

FIGS. 31-34 illustrate generally examples of four separate fan operating positions: charging for pressure (FIG. 31); charging for vacuum (FIG. 32); delivering pressure (FIG. 33); and delivering vacuum (FIG. 34). FIG. 31 illustrates generally an example of a fan 3120 in a housing 3105 configured to build pressure, e.g., for positive air pressure delivery. The housing can include a rotating switching plate 3110, the rotating switching plate 31 10 including an input 3106 and an output 3107, over a fixed switching plate 31 11 (covered by the rotating switching plate 3110), the fixed switching plate 31 11 including a first opening 3121 , a second opening 3122, a third opening 3123, and a fourth opening 3124. In other examples, other switching devices can be used to change from vacuum to pressure.

In this example, the input 3106 can align with the third opening 3123, allowing air to enter the lower volume of the housing 3105, and the output 3107 can be placed having no major overlap with any substantial opening on the fixed switching plate 3111, effectively not allowing air to escape the upper volume of the housing 3105. In this example, the fan 3120 can build pressure in the upper volume using air from the lower volume. FIG. 32 illustrates generally an example of a fan 3220 in a housing 3205 configured to build vacuum, e.g., for vacuum delivery. In this example, the input 3206 can align with a fourth opening 3224 in a fixed switching plate 3210, allowing air to escape the upper volume of the housing 3205, and the output 3207 can be placed having no major overlap with any substantial opening on the fixed switching plate 321 1, effectively not allowing air to enter the lower volume of the housing 3205. In this example, the fan 3220 can decrease pressure in the lower volume by evacuating air out of the upper volume.

FIG. 33 illustrates generally an example of a fan 3320 in a housing 3305 configured to deliver pressure. In this example, the input 3306 can align with a third opening 3323 in a fixed switching plate 3310, allowing air to enter the lower volume of the housing 3305, and the output 3307 can align with a first opening 3321 in the fixed switching plate 3310, allowing air to escape the upper volume of the housing 3305.

In certain examples, after the fan 3320 and the housing 3305 have built pressure (e.g., see FIG. 31), the example of FIG. 33 can be used to deliver pressure. In this example, the fan 3320 can deliver positive air pressure out of the output 3307.

FIG. 34 illustrates generally an example of a fan 3420 in a housing 3405 configured to deliver vacuum. In this example, the input 3406 can align with a fourth opening 3424 in a fixed switching plate 3410, allowing air to escape the upper volume of the housing 3405, and the output 3407 can align with a second opening 3421 in the fixed switching plate 3410, allowing air to enter the lower volume of the housing 3405. In certain examples, after the fan 3420 and the housing 3405 have built vacuum (e.g., see FIG. 32), the example of FIG. 34 can be used to deliver vacuum. In this example, the fan 3420 can deliver vacuum (or a negative air pressure) into the output 3407.

FIG. 35 illustrates generally an example of a method 3500 including providing vacuum against a free piston to remove a first object from a bin using a retrieval device, and transporting the first object, using the retrieval device, to an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user.

At 3505, vacuum is provided against a free piston to remove a first object from a bin using a retrieval device. In an example, the bin can contain a plurality of objects. The bin can be included in a cabinet having a plurality of bins, configured to store a plurality of first objects, hi an example, the first object can include a pack of cigarettes. ^■

At 3506, the first object is transported to an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user using the retrieval device. In an example, the retrieval device can include a catcher/thrower, configured to receive the first object from the bin. In certain examples, an air pressure can be applied under the catcher/thrower to transport the first object to an output bin placed at an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user.

In an example, the retrieval device can be configured to retrieve only the first object from the bin. If any portion of a second object enters the retrieval device, at least one of the retrieval device, the first object, or the catcher/thrower can be sized, shaped, or otherwise configured to push the second object back into the bin before or while transporting the first object to the output bin. For example, the catcher/thrower can include a bevel configured to push the second object back into the bin as the catcher/thrower travels upwards and rotates.

Customer Access and Security

In many locations, the customer cannot be given access to the machine controls without violating state, local, or other ordinances. Thus, in certain examples, a clerk or other store or business employee can maintain control over a tobacco product or other prohibited item that can be delivered to a customer, e.g., to follow state or local ordinances, or to prohibit underage use of dangerous substances. In certain examples, a step in instructing the delivery of the good or item

(e.g., a cigarette pack) can include swiping or otherwise entering identification information (such as a birth date, etc.). In certain examples, the identification information can be verified by a clerk or other user (e.g., to assure proper identification), or the information can be verified using other automated procedures, such as using fingerprint identification, image processing, etc. As such, a customer or other user age can be verified before the good or item is delivered.

In other examples, air pressure can be selectively applied to the rear of a bin, forcing the cigarette pack or other good or item towards the front of the bin and into a retrieval device. In an example, an air pressure delivery device can be coupled to an x-y gantry and be positioned at the back of a bin in a similar manner than the retrieval device. In other examples, an air pressure delivery device can be static on each of the bins, where air pressure can be selectively applied forcing the cigarette pack or other good or item forward. In certain examples, air pressure can be applied to all of the bins, forcing the cigarette packs or goods or other items in each bin forward, but one or more features on or of the retrieval device can permit only the desired cigarette pack or other good or item to exit its respective bin, or enter the retrieval device. From there, air pressure can be applied to the retrieval device to transport the cigarette pack or other good or item to the user or customer, or to a location for retrieval by a user or customer.

Some Notes The above detailed description includes references to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of the detailed description. The drawings show, by way of illustration, specific embodiments in which the invention can be practiced. These embodiments are also referred to herein as "examples." All publications, patents, and patent documents referred to in this document are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety, as though individually incorporated by reference. In the event of inconsistent usages between this document and those documents so incorporated by reference, the usage in the incorporated reference(s) should be considered supplementary to that of this document; for irreconcilable inconsistencies, the usage in this document controls.

In this document, the terms "a" or "an" are used, as is common in patent documents, to include one or more than one, independent of any other instances or usages of "at least one" or "one or more." In this document, the term "or" is used to refer to a nonexclusive or, such that "A or B" includes "A but not B," "B but not A," and "A and B," unless otherwise indicated. In the appended claims, the terms "including" and "in which" are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms "comprising" and "wherein." Also, in the following claims, the terms "including" and "comprising" are open-ended, that is, a system, device, article, or process that includes elements in addition to those listed after such a term in a claim are still deemed to fall within the scope of that claim. Moreover, in the following claims, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects. Method examples described herein can be computer-implemented at least in part. Some examples can include a computer-readable medium or machine- readable medium encoded with instructions operable to configure an electronic device to perform methods as described in the above examples. An implementation of such methods can include code, such as microcode, assembly language code, a higher-level language code, or the like. Such code can include computer readable instructions for performing various methods. The code may form portions of computer program products. Further, the code may be tangibly stored on one or more volatile or non-volatile computer-readable media during execution or at other times. These computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to, hard disks, removable magnetic disks, removable optical disks (e.g., compact disks and digital video disks), magnetic cassettes, memory cards or sticks, random access memories (RAM's), read only memories (ROM's), and the like. The above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. For example, the above-described examples (or one or more aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. Other embodiments can be used, such as by one of ordinary skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The Abstract is provided to comply with 37 C. F. R. §1.72(b), to allow the reader to quickly ascertain the nature of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. Also, in the above Detailed Description, various features may be grouped together to streamline the disclosure. This should not be interpreted as intending that an unclaimed disclosed feature is essential to any claim. Rather, inventive subject matter may lie in less than all features of a particular disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment. The scope of the invention should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A system comprising: a bin having a front end and a back end; a first object, sized and shaped to be stored in the bin; a free piston located between the first object and the back end of the bin and configured in size and shape to be moveable in the bin and to provide a force against the first object when vacuum is applied the front end of the bin; a retrieval device moveable perpendicular to the front end of the bin, the retrieval device configured to be placed against the front end of the bin; and a fan, coupled to the retrieval device, the fan configured to provide vacuum to the front end of the bin when the retrieval device is placed against the front end of the bin; wherein, when the retrieval device is placed against the front end of the bin and the fan provides vacuum to the front end of the bin, the free piston provides a force against the first object, moving the first object from the bin into the retrieval device.

2. The system of claim 1 , including an output bin; wherein the retrieval device includes a catcher-thrower piston configured to receive the first object as it enters the retrieval device; wherein the fan, once the first object is in the retrieval device, is configured to provide air pressure under the catcher-thrower piston to transport the first object to the output bin, the output bin configured to be placed at an ergonomic height for retrieval of the first object by a user.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the catcher-thrower piston is configured to be moveable in the retrieval device and configured to accelerate the first object before releasing the first object to be transported to the output bin.

4. The system of any one of claims 2 and 3, wherein the catcher-thrower piston is configured to rotate and push a second object back into the bin before releasing the first object.

5. The system of any one of claims 2 to 4, including a catcher configured to receive a first object from the retrieval device at a height above the output bin and direct the object to the output bin.

6. The system of any one of claims 2 to 5, including a tube coupled to the retrieval device and the output bin, configured to receive the first object from the retrieval device and transport the first object to the output bin.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the fan is configured to provide an air current through at least a portion of the tube to assist the first object to move from the retrieval device to the output bin.

8. The system of any one of claims 6 and 7, wherein the first object is moved from the retrieval device to the output bin using only the force provided by the catcher-thrower piston.

9. The system of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the free piston is a second object sized and shaped to be stored in the bin.

10. The system of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fan includes a housing having an input and an output, the fan having four operating modes including: building pressure; delivering pressure; building vacuum; and delivering vacuum; wherein the four operating modes are switchable without stopping or reversing the fan.

11. A system for pneumatically dispensing a plurality of products, the system comprising: an enclosure including an output bin for dispensing a product; a plurality of product storage bins open on at least one end and positioned horizontally from front to back within the enclosure, the product storage bins to hold a first product and a second product to be dispensed; a plurality of free pistons positioned within each of the product storage bins behind the first and second products; and a product retrieval device moveably mounted perpendicular to the product delivery bins with an opening capable of mating to the front end of one of the product storage bins, the product retrieval device to apply vacuum to one of the product delivery bins and extract the first product.

12. The system of claim 11 , including a pneumatic device to provide both vacuum and positive air pressure through a coupling to the product retrieval device.

13. The system of any one of claims 11 and 12, including a catcher-thrower piston slidably mounted within the product retrieval device to receive and dispense the extracted first product.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the catcher- thrower piston includes a camming surface for pushing the second product back into the bin upon dispensing the first product.

15. The system of any one of claims 11 to 14, including an output bin configured to deliver the first product at an ergonomic height.

16. The system of any one of claims 12 to 15, wherein the catcher-thrower piston ejects the first product into the output bin when positive air pressure is applied by the pneumatic device.

17. A method comprising: providing, using a retrieval device, vacuum against a free piston to remove a first object from a bin containing a plurality of objects.

18. The method of claim 17, including receiving the first object in the retrieval device using a catcher-thrower piston located inside the retrieval device.

19. The method of any one of claims 17 and 18, including transporting the first object, using the retrieval device, to an ergonomic height for retrieval by a user.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the transporting the first object using the retrieval device includes providing air pressure below the catcher-thrower piston, the catcher-thrower piston being moveable inside the retrieval device, the providing air pressure below the catcher-thrower piston to accelerate the first object out of the retrieval device.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the providing the vacuum against the free piston and the providing the air pressure below the catcher-thrower piston includes using a fan.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the using the fan includes switching the fan between four operating modes without stopping or reversing the fan, the four operating modes including: building pressure; delivering pressure; building vacuum; and delivering vacuum.

23. The method of any one of claims 17 to 22, including limiting removal to the first object using the geometry of at least one of the first object, the retrieval device, or the catcher-thrower piston.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the limiting the removal to the first object includes pushing a second object away from the retrieval device back into the bin by rotating a catcher-thrower piston before projecting the first object out of the top of the retrieval device.

25. The method of any one of claims 17 to 24, wherein the free piston is a second object located behind at least the first object in the bin.