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WO2009143580A1 - Générateur d’énergie électrique - Google Patents

Générateur d’énergie électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009143580A1
WO2009143580A1 PCT/AU2009/000674 AU2009000674W WO2009143580A1 WO 2009143580 A1 WO2009143580 A1 WO 2009143580A1 AU 2009000674 W AU2009000674 W AU 2009000674W WO 2009143580 A1 WO2009143580 A1 WO 2009143580A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical power
power generator
arm
axis
generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU2009/000674
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Biggs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2008902721A external-priority patent/AU2008902721A0/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU2009253747A priority Critical patent/AU2009253747A1/en
Publication of WO2009143580A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009143580A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/20—Geometry three-dimensional
    • F05B2250/24—Geometry three-dimensional ellipsoidal
    • F05B2250/241—Geometry three-dimensional ellipsoidal spherical
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • H02K7/1838—Generators mounted in a nacelle or similar structure of a horizontal axis wind turbine
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to electrical power generators, and particularly but not exclusively to wind generators .
  • an electrical power generator comprising: a stator having a surface; a rotor arm having an end located adjacent to the surface; a rotor axis around which the arm is arranged to rotate; the arm being arranged for the end to move away from the axis during increasing arm rotation and move towards the axis on decreasing arm rotation.
  • the surface is a curved surface.
  • the arm is arranged for the end to swing away from the axis during increasing arm rotation and swing towards the axis on decreasing arm rotation.
  • the end of the rotor arm may comprise one or more magnets.
  • the arm is connected to a rotary shaft.
  • the shaft may define the axis.
  • the stator may comprise an armature.
  • the stator may comprise one or more electrical conductors running adjacent the curved surface and perpendicular to the rotor arm. The electrical conductors may be traced out by the end when the arm is swung away from the axis but the arm is not rotating. Each of the one or more electrical conductors may be separated from the surface by a magnet .
  • the curved surface is an inside hemispherical surface internal of the stator.
  • the hemispherical surface may be capped by a capping member.
  • the rotary shaft may pass through an aperture formed in the capping member.
  • the shaft may be supported by one or more rotary and/or thrust bearings coupled to the capping member .
  • the stator comprises a plurality of stacked plates. Each of the plates may be generally orthogonal to the axis.
  • the stator may comprise a laminate .
  • the plates may be separated from each other by an insulating layer.
  • the laminate may advantageously reduce eddy currents.
  • a wind generator comprising: an electrical power generator defined by the first aspect ; and a wind turbine coupled to the electrical power generator to drive it .
  • the wind turbine is mechanically coupled to the electrical power generator.
  • the wind turbine is magnetically coupled to the electrical power generator.
  • the wind generator is attached to a structure.
  • the structure may be either a purpose built structure or a non-purpose built structure.
  • the structure may comprise a building.
  • the building may be a pre-existing building adapted for attachment to the wind generator.
  • the structure may comprise a pole.
  • the pole may comprise a power line pole.
  • the wind generator may be located adjacent a top end of the pole when the pole is erect.
  • a device for generating electrical power comprising: an electrical power generator defined by the first aspect ; and a turbine coupled to the electrical power generator to drive it and arranged to capture the kinetic energy of air from an air exhaust .
  • the turbine is mechanically coupled to the electrical power generator.
  • the electrical power generator is defined by the first aspect of the invention.
  • the air exhaust is a structure air exhaust.
  • the structure may be a building.
  • the structure may be a wind generator supporting structure arranged to provide convective currents for driving the turbine.
  • a fourth aspect of the invention there is provided a method of creating a financial instrument tradable under a greenhouse gas Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) , the method comprising the step of exploiting an electrical power generator defined by the first aspect of the invention.
  • ETS greenhouse gas Emissions Trading Scheme
  • the financial instrument comprises one of either a carbon credit, carbon offset or renewable energy certificate.
  • a method of creating a feed-in tariff comprising the step of exploiting an electrical power generator defined by the first aspect of the invention.
  • a seventh aspect of the invention there is provided a method of creating a feed-in tariff, the method comprising the step of exploiting a wind generator defined by the second aspect of the invention.
  • a method of creating a feed-in tariff comprising the step of exploiting a device for generating electrical power defined by the third aspect of the invention.
  • a method of creating a financial instrument tradable under a greenhouse gas Emissions Trading Scheme comprising the step of exploiting a device for generating electrical power defined by the third aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows an elevational view of one embodiment of an electrical power generator suitable for harnessing wind power
  • Figure 2 shows a plan view of the electrical power generator of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a cross sectioned generator of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 shows a perspective view of cross sectioned generator of another embodiment
  • Figures 5 and 6 show embodiments of a wind turbine fixed to a building and pole respectfully.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through one embodiment of an electrical power generator generally indicated by the numeral 1.
  • the generator has a stator 2 having a curved surface 4 internal of the stator 2.
  • the internal surface 4 is hemispherical but it may be any suitable geometry.
  • the hemisphere may have an aperture at its pole for magnetic field lines or mechanical structures to pass therethrough.
  • the generator has a pair of rotor arms 16,18.
  • the arms 16,18 are arranged to rotate around an axis 8.
  • Each of the rotor arms 16 has a pair of opposing ends 10,12 which are respectively proximal and distal to the axis 8.
  • the proximal end 10 is attached to a rotor shaft 6 via a pivot such as 14.
  • the shaft 6 in this embodiment defines the rotor axis 8.
  • the shaft 6 also rotates around the axis 8.
  • Mechanical power drives the shaft, for example from a wind turbine coupled to it, which in turn rotates the arms,
  • the distal end 12 is located adjacent to the curved surface 4.
  • the distal end has one or more magnets 20 attached to it .
  • the magnets may be either permanent or electromagnets.
  • the electromagnets may be powered by the generator 1 itself.
  • the pivots 14 allows the arms 16,18 to move away from the axis 8 during increasing arm rotation and move towards the axis 8 on decreasing arm rotation.
  • the arm movement is a swinging movement indicated by the arrows 24.
  • Figure 1 shows in solid lines the arms 16,18 partly swung out.
  • the arms swung in 22, for a non rotating rotor, are shown in phantom.
  • the wind blades 56 (which may be aerofoils) rotate around the vertical axis 8.
  • the blades may, for example, comprise a whirlybird type roof ventilator attached to a building 58 by struts 60, in which case the kinetic energy of the air traveling through an air vent 64 or exhaust is converted into electrical power by the generator 1.
  • the blades may be of any suitable arrangement or type, such as Danrieus, Giromill, Savonius configurations for example. Many of these systems could be installed on an existing or pre-existing structure, a power pole or a roof of a shed, house or other building, for example, and the power used locally or feed into a grid. If the power is used locally, power transmission losses are greatly reduced.
  • the structure may be adapted for the wind generator to be attached thereto, by way of recessed bolt holes, beams, etc, for example.
  • Figure 6 shows a pole 50, which may be any type of suitable pole including a power or transmission line pole or light pole, for example, sunk into the ground 52 with one embodiment of the wind generator 53 attached thereto by way of guy wires 54.
  • the stator 2 is the armature of the generator 1.
  • electrical conductors such as 26 run adjacent the curved surface 4 and perpendicular to the rotor arms 16,18.
  • the electrical conductors 26 are traced out by the end 12 when the arm is swung away from the axis 8, indicated by arrows 24, but the shaft 6 is not rotating.
  • the conductors may comprise, for example, a wire, ribbon or sold mass.
  • Each of the electrical conductors 26 is, in this particular embodiment, backed by a magnet 28 but they need not be in every embodiment. In this embodiment, there are a plurality of such magnets, the magnets 28 being arcuate and arranged in a rib formation.
  • the magnets 28 line the surface 4, although in some embodiments the surface may be a collective surface of a plurality of magnets or a single hemispheric magnet.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section of another embodiment of a generator in which identical or similar parts are similarly numbered.
  • the stator 2 is of a laminate construction. It has a plurality of stacked plates such as 40, 42. Although only a few layers are shown it will be appreciated that the stator may be substantially completed laminated. A thin insulating sheet 44 may separate each of the plates from an adjacent plate which may advantageously reduce eddy currents.
  • the plates are, in this embodiment, orthogonal to the axis 8.
  • Conductors such as 28 run from a pole 46 generally upwards. In this embodiment, the conductor 28 is inset within the wall 48 of the stator 2, and has a generally ovoid cross section.
  • the conductor may be a single solid piece or divided into sub-conductors or even wires.
  • the conductor 28 width may increase with its depth in the wall 48 but need not. This may improve interaction with the magnetic fields which weaken with distance from the magnets 20 located adjacent the distal end of the arms 12 and 16.
  • the stator 2 and hemispherical surface 4 may be capped by a capping member 30.
  • the rotary shaft 6 passes through an aperture 32 formed in the capping member 30.
  • the shaft 6 is supported by one or more rotary and/or thrust bearings 34 coupled to the capping member 30.
  • the wind generator may be located on top a supporting structure such as a pole.
  • the pole may be an existing pole or a purpose built one.
  • the pole may be 600mm in diameter and 10m high.
  • a sheet metal (or other membrane) is wrapped around the pole to create an annular passageway extending longitudinally and upwards towards the wind turbine, terminating at an air exhaust below the blades. When exposed to sunlight, the sheet metal heats up creating an upward draft of air for powering the blades and thus the generator.
  • the sheet metal may be finished in a dark color to promote its heating.
  • a financial instrument tradable under a greenhouse gas Emissions Trading Scheme may be created by exploitation of the electrical power generator 1 powered by a renewable energy source, such as wind.
  • the instrument may be, for example, one of either a carbon credit, carbon offset or renewable energy certificate.
  • CERs Credits (or Certified Emission Reduction Units where each unit is equivalent to the reduction of one metric tonne of C02 or its equivalent) may then be issued to the person.
  • the number of CERs issued is based on the monitored difference between the baseline and the actual emissions. It is expected by the applicant that offsets or credits of a similar nature to CERs will be soon available to persons investing in low carbon emission energy generation in industrialised nations, and these could be similarly generated.
  • the generator coupled to the roof ventilator described herein may generate credits.
  • a feed- in tariff may be generated by using the electrical power generator 1 powered by a renewable energy source, and feeding the power thus generated back into a grid.
  • the generator may generate electricity at a relatively low wind speed
  • the generator is suitable to be driven by both relatively low and relatively high mechanical powers
  • the generator is able to generate at relatively high speeds without incurring structural damage as the generator adapts to these higher powers; • the generator is relatively simple and may require little or no maintenance over large periods of time;
  • the generator is suitable for local use, minimizing power transmission loss.
  • the density or strength of magnets on the stator may increase as the arm swings up.
  • the hemisphere rather than the arms may rotate.
  • the surface may be perforated, mesh-like or formed by separated magnets or a single magnet.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un générateur d’énergie électrique (1). Le générateur (1) comprend un stator (2) présentant une surface (4). Le générateur (1) comprend également un bras rotatif (18) dont une extrémité (12) est située adjacente à la surface (4). Le générateur (1) comprend un axe rotor (8) autour lequel le bras (18) est disposé pour tourner. Le bras (18) est disposé de manière que l’extrémité (12) s’éloigne de l’axe (8) durant l’augmentation de la rotation du bras et se rapproche de l’axe (8) lors de la diminution de la rotation du bras. Le générateur d’énergie électrique (1) peut être utilisé par exemple comme une partie d’un aérogénérateur.
PCT/AU2009/000674 2008-05-30 2009-05-29 Générateur d’énergie électrique Ceased WO2009143580A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2009253747A AU2009253747A1 (en) 2008-05-30 2009-05-29 Electrical power generator

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2008902721A AU2008902721A0 (en) 2008-05-30 Electrical power generator
AU2008902721 2008-05-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009143580A1 true WO2009143580A1 (fr) 2009-12-03

Family

ID=41376487

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2009/000674 Ceased WO2009143580A1 (fr) 2008-05-30 2009-05-29 Générateur d’énergie électrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2009253747A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009143580A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB297720A (en) * 1927-06-20 1928-09-20 Osborne Havelock Parsons An improved apparatus for generating electrical energy from wave movement of the sea
GB1569554A (en) * 1977-05-28 1980-06-18 Inst Pentru Creatie Stintific Wind motor blades having variable attitude
DE3128220A1 (de) * 1981-07-16 1983-02-03 Hendel, Horst, Dipl.-Ing. (FH), 8031 Eichenau Elektrischer schrittmotor mit einem aus dauermagnetischem material bestehenden rotor
US4471253A (en) * 1981-07-17 1984-09-11 Karsten Laing Stator for ball motors
EP0194540A2 (fr) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-17 Deutsche Vortex GmbH Rotor et support de rotor d'un moteur électrique à entrefer sphérique
US20080150294A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-06-26 Steven Mark Jones Centrifugally active variable magnetic flux alternator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB297720A (en) * 1927-06-20 1928-09-20 Osborne Havelock Parsons An improved apparatus for generating electrical energy from wave movement of the sea
GB1569554A (en) * 1977-05-28 1980-06-18 Inst Pentru Creatie Stintific Wind motor blades having variable attitude
DE3128220A1 (de) * 1981-07-16 1983-02-03 Hendel, Horst, Dipl.-Ing. (FH), 8031 Eichenau Elektrischer schrittmotor mit einem aus dauermagnetischem material bestehenden rotor
US4471253A (en) * 1981-07-17 1984-09-11 Karsten Laing Stator for ball motors
EP0194540A2 (fr) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-17 Deutsche Vortex GmbH Rotor et support de rotor d'un moteur électrique à entrefer sphérique
US20080150294A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-06-26 Steven Mark Jones Centrifugally active variable magnetic flux alternator

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 198306, Derwent World Patents Index; Class V06, AN 1983-B7861K *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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