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WO2009038265A1 - Dispositif électrochromique à motif multiple pour appareil photo et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Dispositif électrochromique à motif multiple pour appareil photo et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009038265A1
WO2009038265A1 PCT/KR2008/001972 KR2008001972W WO2009038265A1 WO 2009038265 A1 WO2009038265 A1 WO 2009038265A1 KR 2008001972 W KR2008001972 W KR 2008001972W WO 2009038265 A1 WO2009038265 A1 WO 2009038265A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pattern
aαjording
coloration
electrochromic device
electrochromic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2008/001972
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Seung Wook Han
Jin Ho Choi
Dong Eon Kim
Byung Gil Lim
Hyeon Jeong
Seung Min Paek
Joo Hee Kang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dansuk Industrial Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dansuk Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dansuk Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Dansuk Industrial Co Ltd
Publication of WO2009038265A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009038265A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/155—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1506—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect caused by electrodeposition, e.g. electrolytic deposition of an inorganic material on or close to an electrode
    • G02F1/1508—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect caused by electrodeposition, e.g. electrolytic deposition of an inorganic material on or close to an electrode using a solid electrolyte
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrochromic device with multiple pattern for a camera which is able to control the amount of incident light on camera lens, and to a manufacturing process thereof.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • ECD electrochromic device
  • Electrochromic is that the optical density or reflectance on the particular wavelength area in the process of ion injection into the interior of materials is reversibly changed.
  • Materials with svch characteristics are largely classified by cathodic coloration type materials such as WO , TiO , MoO , NbO , V O , etc., and anodic coloration type
  • Such materials can have the electrochromic characteristics, further being divided by the cathodic coloration type and the anodic coloration type is caused by their fine crystalline structures and internal electronic structures. Such phenomena are due to the electronic absorption band of other visual area being shown in the process of changing into each cathodic/anodic state.
  • ECD comprises a transparent conductive glass, the first electrochromic material (working electrode), an electrolyte, the second electrochromic material (counter electrode), and a transparent conductive glass in sequence.
  • the second electrochromic material it is a full cell system, but if it only includes a counter electrode material without the second electrochromic material, it is a half cell system.
  • the Korean Patent No.0691279 (patent document 3) disclosed a diaphragm- integrated style shutter of camera module for camera phone which comprises an internal controller for the amount of light which opens and closes the light path based on whether voltage is input or not and is placed at the optic axis which incident light through lens passes; at least one external controller for the amount of light which opens and closes the light path based on whether voltage is input or not, and is united with the center of the internal controller; an internal/external voltage input part which optionally inputs voltage to the internal/external controller for the amount of light; and consists of electronic coloring thin film with multiple layers which reversibly opaquely colors or transparently decolors by the cathodic/anodic reaction based on whether voltage is input or not by multiply laminating to apply to the front and back of the ion conductive layer and to face each counter-directional electrode layer; transparent cathode/anode layers laminating to face the front and back of the electronic coloring multiple layer-thin film by
  • the diaphragm integrated style shutter does not require so large space to drive the device like the mechanical diaphragm device for camera in the patent document 1, the Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No.20060045297, does. Also, it solves the problem of limitation of visual angles like an electronic shutter device using liquid display device in the patent document 2, the Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication N).1999-0008791, does.
  • the composition of the diaphragm integrated style shutter for camera module in the patent document 3 has a problem of color blurring. Because the insulation constitution about the boundary between the conductor line 139 for voltage input of the internal controller 100 for the amount of light and the internal/external controller for the amount of light, the counter controller not being input voltage drives when the internal/external controller for the amount of light is voltage-input. Also, color blurring to the external controller adjacent to the conductor line 139 for voltage input occurs when the internal controller is voltage-input. Consequently, it is a problem to be difficult to precisely control the amount of light.
  • the constituent module of the internal/external controller for the amount of light should be overlapped depending on the step of controlling the amount of light, in this case the more the module number increases, the larger the volume is. Therefore, it is limited to apply to small electronic devices (such as a cellular phone with camera function), and light transmittance in the transparent stage not being colored decreases because thickness makes transparency worsen.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide the electrochromic device (ECD) with multiple pattern to improve the quality of picture image by controlling the amount of incident light on lens of common digital cameras or cameras of cellular phone.
  • ECD electrochromic device
  • the electrochromic device with multiple pattern to be able to get trust to control the amount of light by precisely controlling the amount of transmitting light, no color blurring and simply processing the coloring materials by selectively input voltage on each pattern, and the manufacturing process thereof.
  • the present inventors of the present invention conducted various researches to achieve the foregoing object. As a result, they surprisingly found that electrochromic materials with multiple pattern as a single thin film to be light transmission-controlled by masking effect, and being unified a diaphragm and a shutter by selectively inputting voltage on each pattern makes to enable ECD to apply to all kinds of cameras, in particular diaphragms of cameras of cellular phone. Thus, the present invention was accomplished. Accordingly the present invention satisfies the demand for the high resolution of camera amid the recently increasing market of the cell phonene with the camera.
  • the conventional camera placed in the cellular phone does not have the appropriate controlling means and masking device required for the high resolution and the high quality image, since it is so small that it is mechanically limited. Therefore, the present invention solves the said problem by using the ECD with multiple pattern.
  • the ECD with multiple pattern for camera of the present invention is characterized by controlling the amount of transmitting light by coloring based on whether an electric current is input or not, among the devices that consist of the conductive glass substrate which transparent conductive materials of the different size with a certain pattern are laminated; the cathodic/anodic coloration materials that are film-laminated as the same pattern as the multiple pattern of the conductive glass substrate on the conductive glass substrate; the electrolyte.
  • the multiple pattern may be a multiple concentric circle or a multiple polygon.
  • the compounds having functions of coloration-efficient, electrochemical durability, and complementarily electrical coloration can be utilized for this purpose, and examples thereof include tungsten oxide(WO ) and Prussian blue, KFeIH[FeII(CN) 1, which is ferrocyan iron
  • the electrochromic device of the present invention can be prepared by reacting ferric chloride with ferrocyan potassium.
  • the preparation of the electrochromic device of the present invention is characterized by positioning the former electrochromic materials on the one ITO layer, and positioning the latter electrochromic materials on the other ITO layer, thereby establishing the full cell system.
  • the cathodic/anodic materials are not limited to the said compounds.
  • the electrolyte which acts to move the ion depending on the change of the voltage is filled between the said two electrochromic material layers, and the said e lectrolyte is transparent, electrochemically-, optically-, and thermally- stable, and has the high ion-condirtivity.
  • the hydrophobic lithium ion electrolyte is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the present invention provides the high performance camera for cellular phone which is small and thin-film style and is able to perform the high resolution and the high quality image by unifying a diaphragm and a shutter by providing the thin-film style ECD with capability of the appropriate light controlling and masking, according to the demand for the small size of camera module for cellular phone, thin-film style, the high resolution and the high quality image.
  • the thin film coating of the different-sized multiple concentric center comprises the single thin film, even if there are a lot of patterns in the multiple pattern, such a multiple pattern can be easily manufactured by one thin-film processing and it is possible to prevent an increase of volume. And, when the voltage is independently input on each pattern, the amount of light can be precisely controlled, thereby the reliability of controlling the amount of light being improved, as the color blurring is prevented and the transparency rate is not declined.
  • Fig. 1 depicts a drawing of a photo mask for applying ECD of the present invention to the diaphragm for the camera.
  • Fig. 2 depicts a drawing about condition of coating the photoresist on the conductive
  • FIG. 3 depicts a drawing about condition after wet-etching of the conductive ITO glass.
  • Fig. 4 depicts a schematic diagram of ECD comprised by the tungsten oxide /
  • Fig. 5 is a picture taken the depth of tungsten oxide/Prussian blue thin film by scanning electro microscopy.
  • Fig. 6 is a graph shown the result of electrochromic characteristics and the electrochemical reaction amount of the tungsten oxide/Prussian blue thin film by cyclic voltammetry.
  • Fig. 7 is a graph shown the result of observation of the light-transparency change about ECD comprised by the tungsten oxide/Prussian blue thin film and the hydrophobic electrolyte by ultra ray - visible ray transmission spectrum and pictures.
  • Fig. 8 is a graph shown the result of observation of durability about ECD comprised by the tungsten oxide/Prussian blue thin film and the hydrophobic electrolyte by constant voltage/current meter and ultra rays-visible rays transmission spectrum. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
  • Fig. 1 is a plane view of photomask used to produce ECD with multiple pattern
  • Fig. 2 is a plane view and a sectional view of the conductive ITO glass 23 which is coated by photoresist and then developed.
  • Fig. 3 is a plane view and a sectional view of the wet-etched conductive ITO glass 24.
  • the photomask 10 with multiple pattern shown in the Fig. 1 is used to control the amount of light-transmission of the diaphragm shutter step by step by producing ECD that is able to be applied to the diaphragm shutter, but it is not intended that the pattern is limited to the shown example.
  • the pattern of the above photomask 10 may be a multiple concentric pattern with the different-sized diameter like the figure l-(a), or a multigonal pattern with the different- sized diameter like the figure l-(b). Since this multiple pattern can make photomask 10 with other pentagonal or hexagonal patterns, we call the pattern like the figure l-(a) as the multi-concentric pattern, and the pattern like the figure l-(b) as the multigonal pattern.
  • the multiple pattern of the present invention is not limited to triple pattern shown in the drawings, and it can be formed by more than triple pattern.
  • the transparent area 12 shows the area being transmitted by UV
  • the lower projected area in the drawings shows a bridge area to electrode for voltage input.
  • the negative light-sensitive polymer (photoresist) layer 22 is formed by coating negative light-sensitive polymer onto the conductive glass 20 being laminated with the ITO layer 21 which is transparent electrode materials, and by irradiating UV ray and developing the above negative sensitive polymer with the state of placing the photomask on the top of layers, the negative light-sensitive polymer of the area not being irradiated by opaque area 11 of the photomask 10 is eliminated, as shown in Fig. 2, and therefore the negative sensitive polymer layer 22 is coated with the multiple concentric pattern, and at the same time, the rest of the negative light-sensitive polymer layer becomes a barrier to protect the ITO layer 21.
  • ITO layer 21 of the unprotected area by the negative light-sensitive polymer layer will be etched. And then, if the negative light-sensitive polymer layer is eliminated by washing, the conductive glass substrate 24 that conductive materials ITO layer 21 on the glass substrate 20 are formed can be obtained, as shown in Fig. 3.
  • the cathodic coloration type materials and the anodic coloration type materials are included.
  • the cathodic coloration type material includes WO , TiO , MoO , NbO , V O , and the anodic
  • coloration type material includes KFeIII[FeII(CN) ], MO , Cr O , NnO , Fe O .
  • the present invention illustrates Prussian blue as the anodic coloration material and tungsten oxide (WO ) as the cathodic coloration material for examples, but the present invention is not limited to these materials.
  • the electrodeposition means that the method that paint particles are electrically deposited onto the working electrode when the direct current or the direct voltage flows between the working electrode and the counter electrode in the electrodeposition paint solution. This method has advantages that the film is uniformly formed on all the area of substrate and the depth or characteristics of the film can be easily controlled by adjusting the voltage, the current or time of electrodeposition.
  • Tungsten oxide and Prussian blue that dissociation/release reaction of ions is easily attained by adjusting the fine structure exhibit deep blue when coloration, and transparency when decoloration.
  • tungsten oxide and Prussian blue are excellent electrochromic materials for the diaphragm shutter of camera in the durability or contrast.
  • the ECD of the present invention can be composed as like Fig, 4.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the ECD comprised of tungsten 30 and Prussian blue 40 thin layers, and the hydrophobic electrolyte.
  • the process for preparing the ECD of the present invention includes the step of attaching the electrode to the conducting wire patterned by the cathodic coloration material and the anodic coloration material in order to input current, the step of attaching a spacer between the electrodes, the step of filling the hydrophobic lithium electrolyte between the electrodes, and sealing the device with a sealer.
  • Fig. 4 it comprises the step for thin-filming tungsten oxide 30 and Prussian blue 40 as a single layer on a couple of conductive glass substrates 24 which face each other through the spacer and is separately placed at some distance, and the step for filling electrolyte between tungsten oxide layer 30 and Prussian blue layer 40.
  • the undescribed number 25 in the drawings refers to electrodes that respectively input current into the patterned ITO conductive glass substrate 24, the number 70 refers to a sealer.
  • the depth of the cathodic coloration type material laminated on the first conductive glass substrate 24 may be, for example, 100 to 1000 nm, the depth of the anodic coloration type material laminated on the second conductive glass substrate 24 may be 50 to 500 nm, but it can be changeable to the broader or smaller range.
  • the electrode 50 applied to the ECD 100 of the present invention is not limited, but preferably it can be the hydrophobic lithium electrolyte that is disclosed on the Korean Patent No. 10-0224376, and that is transparent, and has a high voltage window up to 4 V, thermal stability up to 400 0 C, stability against water, and high ion conductivity.
  • Mode for the Invention can be the hydrophobic lithium electrolyte that is disclosed on the Korean Patent No. 10-0224376, and that is transparent, and has a high voltage window up to 4 V, thermal stability up to 400 0 C, stability against water, and high ion conductivity.
  • EXAMPLE 1 MANUFACTURING OF PATTERNED ITO CONDUCTIVE
  • Photomask 10 with triple concentric pattern described as in Fig. l-(a) was prepared in order to apply ECD to the diaphragm for the camera of cellular phone.
  • the patterned ITO conductive glass was prepared by the following method.
  • the photomask 10 of the example l-(a) was laid down onto it and irradiated by UV light.
  • ITO 21 that was not patterned by photoresist was etched by treating with 9M or more of hydrochloric acid solution for 20 minutes, thereby finally the ITO conductive glass substrate 24 that ITO layer 21 was triple concentric circle-patterned on the transparent glass 20 being prepared.
  • the electrodeposition paint solution for tungsten oxide layer 30 selected as the electrochromic material was prepared to be pH 1.5 or less by adding HCLO into the
  • the electrodeposition paint solution of Prussian blue layer 40 as the electrochromic material was prepared by mixing 1OmM K Fe(CN) , 1OmM FeCl and 1OmM HCl.
  • 3 6 3 2 electrodeposition was conducted, using the constant voltage method at -lO ⁇ klcm for 3 to 15 minutes.
  • the prepared device showed the dark blue when coloration and transparent when decoloration by +1.6V, and was able to control the amount of the transmitting light by independently inputting voltage to the conducting wire of each concentric pattern.
  • Fig. 5(a) is the result of the patterned tungsten oxide (WO ) film; and Fig. 5(b) is the result of the patterned Prussian blue (PB) film.
  • the depth of the ITO layer 21 is about 200 nm, the depth of the electrolyte-laminated tungsten oxide film is about 400 nm, and the depth of the electrolyte-laminated Prussian blue film is about 190 nm.
  • the surface of the electrolyte-laminated thin-film is quite uniformed.
  • the ITO layer 21 area which was not protected from photoresist 22 was clearly etched by 9M hydrochloric acid or more.
  • EXPERIMENT 2 EXAMINATION OF ELECTROCHROME CHARAC-
  • Fig. 6 [99] Fig. 6(a) is the result of the patterned tungsten oxide (WO ) film; and the figure 6(b) is the result of the patterned Prussian blue (PB) film. [100] Each pattern film was moved in the 20 cycles in the hydrophobic electrolyte. From the result, the more the cycle was, the more uniformed the curved line was. This means that the cathodic/anodic reaction reversibly occurred. And, as the cathodic/anodic reaction of two films oxurs at the similar voltage area, it is understood that the cathodic/anodic reaction complementally oxurs at the two films.
  • Fig. 7 (a) is the state that all multiple concentric circles are colorized.
  • Fig. 7(b) is the state that the center concentric pattern is decolorized and the rest of the concentric patterns are colorized.
  • Fig. 7(c) is the state that the outermost concentric pattern is only colorized.
  • Fig. 7(d) is the state that all concentric patterns are decolorized.
  • EXPERIMENT 4 EXAMINATION OF DURABIUTY BY CONSTANT VOLTAGE/CURRENT METER AND ULTRA VIOLET-VBBILE RAY TRANSMBSION SPECTRUM ANALYSE
  • the present invention provides the high performance camera for cellular phone which is small and thin-film style and is able to perform the high resolution and the high quality image by unifying a diaphragm and a shutter from providing the thin-film style ECD with capability of the appropriate light controlling and masking, according to the trendy demand for the small size of camera module for cellular phone, thin-film style, the high resolution and the high quality image.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif électrochromique à motif multiple pour un appareil photo, pouvant commander la quantité de lumière, qui comprend deux substrats conducteurs en verre (24) formés chcun d'une couche de matériau conducteur transparent (21) avec le motif multiple de tailles différentes, les couches étant stratifiées sur les deux verres transparents (20) placés à une certaine distance ; des matériaux de coloration cathodique/anodique stratifiés avec le même motif que le motif multiple des matériaux conducteurs transparents sur chaque substrat en verre conducteur (24) ; et un électrolyte déposé entre chaque matériau électrochromique. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication dudit dispositif.
PCT/KR2008/001972 2007-09-21 2008-04-08 Dispositif électrochromique à motif multiple pour appareil photo et son procédé de fabrication Ceased WO2009038265A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2007-0096845 2007-09-21
KR1020070096845A KR20090031045A (ko) 2007-09-21 2007-09-21 다중 패턴을 가진 카메라용 전기변색소자 및 그의 제조방법

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WO2009038265A1 true WO2009038265A1 (fr) 2009-03-26

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014107613A1 (fr) * 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Apple Inc. Dispositif d'ouverture électro-optique
US9759984B1 (en) 2016-05-31 2017-09-12 Apple Inc. Adjustable solid film camera aperture
US9817213B2 (en) 2015-04-23 2017-11-14 Apple Inc. Camera lens system with five lens components
CN110794634A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2020-02-14 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 光圈结构、摄像头及电子装置
CN110989261A (zh) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-10 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电子设备、摄像头模组、电致变色元件及其制备方法
CN115327827A (zh) * 2022-09-06 2022-11-11 浙江景昇薄膜科技有限公司 一种具有纹理图案的电致变色薄膜组件的制备方法

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KR101127607B1 (ko) 2009-11-20 2012-03-22 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 전기 전도층이 포함된 써모크로믹 유리
KR102170474B1 (ko) * 2014-01-28 2020-10-28 엘지이노텍 주식회사 카메라 셔터 및 이를 포함하는 카메라
CN107734256B (zh) * 2017-10-24 2023-12-01 无锡瑞辰光谱测控有限公司 一种自动调光式减光装置及其使用方法
KR102485839B1 (ko) * 2017-12-27 2023-01-05 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 프라이버시 보호 필름 및 이를 포함하는 표시 장치
KR102250555B1 (ko) * 2019-12-03 2021-05-11 군산대학교산학협력단 밀봉 변색소자의 제조방법 및 변색소자
CN110928096B (zh) * 2019-12-30 2022-09-02 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电致变色器件、壳体和电子设备

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US4895790A (en) * 1987-09-21 1990-01-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology High-efficiency, multilevel, diffractive optical elements
JPH05346594A (ja) * 1992-06-15 1993-12-27 Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd カメラレンズ用絞り
JP2003315836A (ja) * 2002-04-19 2003-11-06 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd エレクトロクロミック絞り装置及びそれを用いたレンズ付きフイルムユニット

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4895790A (en) * 1987-09-21 1990-01-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology High-efficiency, multilevel, diffractive optical elements
JPH05346594A (ja) * 1992-06-15 1993-12-27 Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd カメラレンズ用絞り
JP2003315836A (ja) * 2002-04-19 2003-11-06 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd エレクトロクロミック絞り装置及びそれを用いたレンズ付きフイルムユニット

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014107613A1 (fr) * 2013-01-04 2014-07-10 Apple Inc. Dispositif d'ouverture électro-optique
US9307158B2 (en) 2013-01-04 2016-04-05 Apple Inc. Electro-optic aperture device
US9817213B2 (en) 2015-04-23 2017-11-14 Apple Inc. Camera lens system with five lens components
US9759984B1 (en) 2016-05-31 2017-09-12 Apple Inc. Adjustable solid film camera aperture
CN110794634A (zh) * 2019-11-12 2020-02-14 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 光圈结构、摄像头及电子装置
CN110989261A (zh) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-10 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电子设备、摄像头模组、电致变色元件及其制备方法
CN115327827A (zh) * 2022-09-06 2022-11-11 浙江景昇薄膜科技有限公司 一种具有纹理图案的电致变色薄膜组件的制备方法

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