WO2009030858A1 - Device for post-processing of exhaust gases - Google Patents
Device for post-processing of exhaust gases Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009030858A1 WO2009030858A1 PCT/FR2008/051534 FR2008051534W WO2009030858A1 WO 2009030858 A1 WO2009030858 A1 WO 2009030858A1 FR 2008051534 W FR2008051534 W FR 2008051534W WO 2009030858 A1 WO2009030858 A1 WO 2009030858A1
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- Prior art keywords
- exhaust
- fuel
- duct
- aftertreatment device
- hot
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
- F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/36—Arrangements for supply of additional fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
- F01N2610/102—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance after addition to exhaust gases, e.g. by a passively or actively heated surface in the exhaust conduit
Definitions
- the invention lies in the field of diesel depollution and more particularly in the field of exhaust aftertreatment devices arranged in an exhaust duct of lean-burn engines.
- exhaust aftertreatment systems arranged in an exhaust line or exhaust duct of lean-burn engines operate discontinuously or alternatively, that is to say that normal operation they trap pollutants but treat them only during regeneration phases. Thus to be regenerated, these traps require specific modes of combustion to ensure the levels of thermal and / or wealth required.
- Diesel engines by their specific operation, emit soot in their exhaust gases that are also called particles.
- a particulate filter is implanted in the exhaust line, downstream of the combustion chambers of the engine, to retain the particles that accumulate within it as and when as the engine is used.
- Internal combustion engines also emit reducers, for example hydrocarbons, or carbon monoxide, which in the presence of oxygen, catalytic materials, for example platinum, and at high temperature, oxidize.
- reducers for example hydrocarbons, or carbon monoxide, which in the presence of oxygen, catalytic materials, for example platinum, and at high temperature, oxidize.
- a proposed solution, in particular by patent JP 2005 214 141, to perform the regeneration, is to use a diesel injector directly on the exhaust. During regeneration, this injector injects diesel into the exhaust line. The gas oil reacts in the oxidation catalyst and produces heat. This heat makes it possible to reach the desired temperature at the inlet of the particle filter (TEFAP) of the order of 650 ° C. necessary for the combustion of the particles in the particulate filter.
- TEZAP particle filter
- the fuel evaporates and is driven by the exhaust gas to the oxidation catalyst while mixing with them.
- the disadvantage in this type of device is that the distance between the vaporization zone of the diesel film on the surface of the exhaust tube and the catalyst inlet is insufficient to have a homogeneous mixture at the catalyst inlet.
- Another proposed solution is based on the modification of the shape of the exhaust tube on the side where the injected fuel evaporates. This causes the cloud to separate from the surface of the tube. The separation of the cloud, whose richness is high, favors its mixing with the rest of the exhaust gases.
- the disadvantage of such a system is that it tends to hinder the passage of the exhaust gas and thus increase the exhaust pressure against, which tends to degrade the efficiency of the engine.
- Another solution is to inject gearboxes at a bend in the exhaust line so that the fuel is injected parallel to the exhaust gas.
- the subject of the present invention is an aftertreatment device for exhaust gases making it possible to reduce the risk of premature fatigue and deterioration of the catalytic coating of the oxidation catalyst.
- the invention proposes an exhaust gas after-treatment device disposed in an exhaust duct comprising oxidation means, a particulate filter and means for controlling the pressure of the particulate filter, characterized in that it comprises an additional fuel injector arranged for injecting fuel into a prechamber so as to improve the homogeneity of the fuel-exhaust gas mixture at the inlet of the oxidation means, the pre-chamber being formed in the exhaust duct upstream of the oxidation means and being delimited by an impact plate disposed in the continuity of the exhaust duct and heated by the hot flow of the exhaust gas.
- Such a device makes it possible to improve the uniformity of the distribution of the input richness of the catalyst by improving the homogeneity of the fuel mass fraction at the inlet of the oxidation catalyst.
- the more homogeneous the mixture the more the exothermicity in the oxidation catalyst will be homogeneous, the more the particle filter inlet gas temperatures will be too, which improves the regeneration of the particulate filter.
- the additional fuel injector can vaporize fuel on the hot impact plate to mix it with the exhaust gas the exhaust gas mixture thus formed being able to propagate in an annular ring formed on the contour of the exhaust duct.
- the impact plate has a face oriented towards the hot exhaust gases towards the inside of the exhaust duct, which can be smooth,
- the impact plate has an inward facing face of the exhaust duct which may comprise fins so as to increase the temperature of its wall,
- the annular ring may comprise calibrated openings allowing the introduction of the exhaust gas-fuel mixture into the exhaust duct,
- the openings close to the additional injector may have a section substantially smaller than those of the openings arranged opposite the additional injector.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic overview of the device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a profile section of area A of FIG. 1;
- Figure 3 is a cross section of the area A of Figure 1;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a variant of the plate of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows an exhaust gas after-treatment device disposed on a duct or an exhaust line 10, downstream from a four-cylinder combustion engine equipped with a combustion engine. injection 8.
- the exhaust duct 10 comprises means 13 for oxidation. These oxidation means 13 are formed by a catalyst, downstream of which is a particulate filter 12.
- An on-board electronic box 9 controls the device and makes it possible to determine the need to regenerate the particle filter 12 by means of a differential pressure measurement.
- This differential pressure measurement is measured across the filter 12 using, for example, a differential pressure sensor 121, and makes it possible to modify the fuel injection mode 81, by favoring the cylinder injection and / or the exhaust injection.
- the device also comprises two sensors 132, 132 'of temperature positioned at the inlet 132 of the particulate filter 12 and upstream 132' of the catalyst 13 and connected 131, 131 'to the electronic housing 9 to regulate the temperature of the catalyst 13.
- the additional exhaust injector 5 is arranged to inject the fuel into a pre-chamber 1 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
- This pre-chamber 1 is formed in the exhaust pipe 10 upstream of the oxidation means 13 and is delimited by an impact plate 7.
- the impact plate 7 is disposed in the continuity of the exhaust duct 10 and is heated by the flow 4 of hot exhaust gas.
- the pre-chamber 1 delimited by the plate 7 thus forms a space into which the additional exhaust injector 5 opens.
- the additional exhaust injector 5 allows the vaporization 3 of the fuel on the hot impact plate 7 which will mix with the hot exhaust gases 4 and propagate in an annular ring 2 formed on the contour of the duct. 10 exhaust by enlarging its diameter.
- the annular ring 2 comprises calibrated openings 15, 16 allowing the injection 6 of the exhaust-fuel mixture to be injected into the exhaust pipe.
- the openings 15, of this annular ring 2, located near the additional injector have a section substantially smaller than that of the openings 16 disposed opposite the additional injector.
- the face of the impact plate 7 has an inward facing face of the exhaust duct 10, facing the hot gas 4, which is smooth.
- the impact plate 7 has fins 71 on its face in contact with the hot exhaust gas 4, oriented towards the inside of the exhaust duct 10, making it possible to increase the temperature of its wall.
- This device thus makes several improvements in the homogenization of the mixture.
- the fuel jet 3 is vaporized on the hot wall 7 of the duct
- the exhaust gas-fuel mixture 6 thus formed is distributed radially via the mixing ring 2 through openings 15, 16 calibrated to allow the mixture to be introduced homogeneously over the entire periphery of the pipe 10.
- the openings 15 located near the additional injector having a section substantially smaller than that of the openings 16 arranged opposite the additional injector 5.
- This homogeneous fuel-gas mixture provides a properly distributed combustion over the entire section of the oxidation catalyst. This makes it possible to avoid the propagation of an area of high reductant richness along the wall, which significantly reduces the risk of premature fatigue or deterioration of the catalytic coating due to a too strong combustion of the reducers. level of areas of high wealth.
- the particulate filter 12 is regenerated more efficiently and is watered in a thermally homogeneous manner: there is no longer too cold a zone which would not allow regeneration, nor too hot a zone that would lead to a runaway of soot combustion.
- Such an aftertreatment device of the exhaust gas makes it possible to reduce the risk of premature fatigue or deterioration of the catalytic coating of the oxidation catalyst.
- the exhaust gas-fuel mixture is homogeneous at the inlet of the oxidation catalyst, which increases the particulate filter inlet temperatures.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
DISPOSITIF DE POST-TRAITEMENT DES GAZ D'ECHAPPEMENT EXHAUST GAS POST-TREATMENT DEVICE
L'invention se situe dans le domaine de la dépollution diesel et plus particulièrement dans le domaine des dispositifs de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement disposés dans un conduit d'échappement des moteurs à mélange pauvre.The invention lies in the field of diesel depollution and more particularly in the field of exhaust aftertreatment devices arranged in an exhaust duct of lean-burn engines.
Contrairement à un catalyseur d'oxydation traditionnel, les systèmes de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement disposés dans une ligne ou un conduit d'échappement des moteurs à mélange pauvre fonctionnent de manière discontinue ou alternative, c'est à dire qu'en fonctionnement normal ils piègent les polluants mais ne les traitent que lors des phases de régénération. Ainsi pour être régénérés, ces pièges nécessitent des modes de combustion spécifiques afin de garantir les niveaux de thermique et/ou de richesse nécessaire.In contrast to a conventional oxidation catalyst, exhaust aftertreatment systems arranged in an exhaust line or exhaust duct of lean-burn engines operate discontinuously or alternatively, that is to say that normal operation they trap pollutants but treat them only during regeneration phases. Thus to be regenerated, these traps require specific modes of combustion to ensure the levels of thermal and / or wealth required.
Afin de répondre aux futures réglementations européennes (Euro V), les moteurs diesel doivent être mis au point de façon à produire le moins possible d'émissions polluantes à l'échappement, le reste devant être converti par des systèmes de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement.In order to meet future European regulations (Euro V), diesel engines must be developed in order to produce the least amount of exhaust emissions, the rest to be converted by gas aftertreatment systems. exhaust.
Les moteurs Diesel, par leur fonctionnement spécifique, émettent dans leurs gaz d'échappement des suies que l'on nomme également particules. Afin de limiter les émissions de ces particules dans l'atmosphère, un filtre à particules est implanté dans la ligne d'échappement, en aval des chambres de combustion du moteur, permettant de retenir les particules qui s'accumulent en son sein au fur et à mesure de l'utilisation du moteur.Diesel engines, by their specific operation, emit soot in their exhaust gases that are also called particles. In order to limit the emissions of these particles into the atmosphere, a particulate filter is implanted in the exhaust line, downstream of the combustion chambers of the engine, to retain the particles that accumulate within it as and when as the engine is used.
Les moteurs à combustion interne émettent également des réducteurs par exemple des hydrocarbures, ou du monoxyde de carbone, qui en présence d'oxygène, de matériaux catalytiques, par exemple le platine, et à température élevée, s'oxydent.Internal combustion engines also emit reducers, for example hydrocarbons, or carbon monoxide, which in the presence of oxygen, catalytic materials, for example platinum, and at high temperature, oxidize.
Afin de diminuer ces émissions polluantes, on dispose également dans la ligne d'échappement, soit un catalyseur d'oxydation en amont du filtre à particules, soit directement un matériau catalytique au sein du filtre. Un des problèmes de ces dispositifs est que l'accumulation de particules finit par boucher le filtre, créant une forte contre pression à l'échappement du moteur, c'est à dire que les gaz ont du mal à s'échapper du moteur, ce qui diminue considérablement ses performances. Afin de recouvrer les performances du moteur, il est possible de brûler les particules contenues dans le filtre à particules. Cette procédure est une régénération du filtre à particules. L'initialisation et le maintien de cette combustion des particules dans le filtre s'obtiennent par élévation de la température interne du filtre à particules. Actuellement il existe plusieurs stratégies pour augmenter la température des gaz d'échappement en entrée du filtre à particules.In order to reduce these pollutant emissions, there is also in the exhaust line, either an oxidation catalyst upstream of the particulate filter, or directly a catalytic material within the filter. One of the problems with these devices is that the accumulation of particles eventually clogs the filter, creating a strong counterpressure to the exhaust of the engine, that is to say that the gases have difficulty escaping from the engine; which significantly decreases its performance. In order to recover the engine performance, it is possible to burn the particles contained in the particulate filter. This procedure is a regeneration of the particulate filter. The initialization and maintenance of this combustion of the particles in the filter is obtained by raising the internal temperature of the particulate filter. Currently there are several strategies to increase the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet of the particulate filter.
Une solution proposée, notamment par le brevet JP 2005 214 141 , pour effectuer la régénération, consiste à utiliser un injecteur de gazole directement sur l'échappement. Lors de la régénération, cet injecteur injecte du gazole dans la ligne d'échappement. Le gazole réagit dans le catalyseur d'oxydation et produit de la chaleur. Cette chaleur permet d'atteindre la température voulue en entrée du filtre à particules (TEFAP) de l'ordre de 650 °C nécessaire à la combustion des particules dans le filtre à particules. Lors de l'injection par l'injecteur à l'échappement, le carburant s'évapore et est entraîné par les gaz d'échappement vers le catalyseur d'oxydation tout en se mélangeant à ces derniers.A proposed solution, in particular by patent JP 2005 214 141, to perform the regeneration, is to use a diesel injector directly on the exhaust. During regeneration, this injector injects diesel into the exhaust line. The gas oil reacts in the oxidation catalyst and produces heat. This heat makes it possible to reach the desired temperature at the inlet of the particle filter (TEFAP) of the order of 650 ° C. necessary for the combustion of the particles in the particulate filter. During injection by the injector at the exhaust, the fuel evaporates and is driven by the exhaust gas to the oxidation catalyst while mixing with them.
L'inconvénient dans ce type de dispositif est que la distance entre la zone de vaporisation du film de gazole à la surface du tube d'échappement et l'entrée du catalyseur est insuffisante pour avoir un mélange homogène en entrée du catalyseur.The disadvantage in this type of device is that the distance between the vaporization zone of the diesel film on the surface of the exhaust tube and the catalyst inlet is insufficient to have a homogeneous mixture at the catalyst inlet.
Une autre solution proposée repose sur la modification de la forme du tube d'échappement du côté où le carburant injecté s'évapore. Ceci entraîne un décollement du nuage de la surface du tube. Le décollement du nuage, dont la richesse est élevée, favorise son mélange avec le reste des gaz d'échappement. L'inconvénient d'un tel système est qu'il tend à gêner le passage des gaz d'échappement et donc à augmenter la contre pression à l'échappement, ce qui tend à dégrader le rendement du moteur.Another proposed solution is based on the modification of the shape of the exhaust tube on the side where the injected fuel evaporates. This causes the cloud to separate from the surface of the tube. The separation of the cloud, whose richness is high, favors its mixing with the rest of the exhaust gases. The disadvantage of such a system is that it tends to hinder the passage of the exhaust gas and thus increase the exhaust pressure against, which tends to degrade the efficiency of the engine.
Une autre solution consiste à injecter des réducteurs au niveau d'un coude dans la ligne d'échappement afin que le carburant soit injecté parallèlement aux gaz d'échappement.Another solution is to inject gearboxes at a bend in the exhaust line so that the fuel is injected parallel to the exhaust gas.
Cependant, cette méthode ne permet pas de réaliser un mélange correct des espèces réductrices avec les gaz d'échappement, ce qui entraîne une combustion inhomogène dans le catalyseur d'oxydation. Afin de pallier ces inconvénients, la présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement permettant de réduire le risque de fatigue prématurée et de détérioration du revêtement catalytique du catalyseur d'oxydation.However, this method does not make it possible to achieve a correct mixture of reducing species with the exhaust gas, which leads to inhomogeneous combustion in the oxidation catalyst. In order to overcome these drawbacks, the subject of the present invention is an aftertreatment device for exhaust gases making it possible to reduce the risk of premature fatigue and deterioration of the catalytic coating of the oxidation catalyst.
Dans ce but, l'invention propose un dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement disposé dans un conduit d'échappement comportant des moyens d'oxydation, un filtre à particules et des moyens de contrôle de la pression du filtre à particules caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un injecteur de carburant supplémentaire disposé pour l'injection de carburant dans une préchambre de manière à améliorer l'homogénéité du mélange gaz d'échappement-carburant en entrée des moyens d'oxydation, la pré-chambre étant formée dans le conduit d'échappement en amont des moyens d'oxydation et étant délimitée par une plaque d'impact disposée dans la continuité du conduit d'échappement et chauffée par le flux chaud des gaz d'échappement.For this purpose, the invention proposes an exhaust gas after-treatment device disposed in an exhaust duct comprising oxidation means, a particulate filter and means for controlling the pressure of the particulate filter, characterized in that it comprises an additional fuel injector arranged for injecting fuel into a prechamber so as to improve the homogeneity of the fuel-exhaust gas mixture at the inlet of the oxidation means, the pre-chamber being formed in the exhaust duct upstream of the oxidation means and being delimited by an impact plate disposed in the continuity of the exhaust duct and heated by the hot flow of the exhaust gas.
Un tel dispositif permet d'améliorer l'uniformité de la distribution de la richesse en entrée du catalyseur en améliorant l'homogénéité de la fraction massique de carburant en entrée du catalyseur d'oxydation. En effet, plus le mélange sera homogène, plus l'exothermicité dans le catalyseur d'oxydation sera homogène, plus les températures gaz en entrée filtre à particules le seront aussi, ce qui améliore la régénération du filtre à particules. Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :Such a device makes it possible to improve the uniformity of the distribution of the input richness of the catalyst by improving the homogeneity of the fuel mass fraction at the inlet of the oxidation catalyst. In fact, the more homogeneous the mixture, the more the exothermicity in the oxidation catalyst will be homogeneous, the more the particle filter inlet gas temperatures will be too, which improves the regeneration of the particulate filter. According to other features of the invention:
- l'injecteur supplémentaire de carburant peut vaporiser du carburant sur la plaque d'impact chaude pour le mélanger aux gaz d'échappement chauds, le mélange gaz d'échappement-carburant ainsi formé étant apte à se propager dans une couronne annulaire formée sur le contour du conduit d'échappement.- the additional fuel injector can vaporize fuel on the hot impact plate to mix it with the exhaust gas the exhaust gas mixture thus formed being able to propagate in an annular ring formed on the contour of the exhaust duct.
- la plaque d'impact a une face orientée vers les gaz d'échappement chauds vers l'intérieur du conduit d'échappement, qui peut être lisse,the impact plate has a face oriented towards the hot exhaust gases towards the inside of the exhaust duct, which can be smooth,
- la plaque d'impact a une face orientée vers l'intérieur du conduit d'échappement qui peut comporter des ailettes de manière à augmenter la température de sa paroi,the impact plate has an inward facing face of the exhaust duct which may comprise fins so as to increase the temperature of its wall,
- la couronne annulaire peut comporter des ouvertures calibrées permettant l'introduction du mélange gaz d'échappement-carburant dans le conduit d'échappement,the annular ring may comprise calibrated openings allowing the introduction of the exhaust gas-fuel mixture into the exhaust duct,
- les ouvertures proches de lïnjecteur supplémentaire peuvent avoir une section sensiblement inférieure à celles des ouvertures disposées à l'opposée de l'injecteur supplémentaire.the openings close to the additional injector may have a section substantially smaller than those of the openings arranged opposite the additional injector.
L'invention, avec ses caractéristiques et avantages, ressortira plus clairement à la lecture de la description faite en référence aux dessins annexés donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs dans lesquels :The invention, with its features and advantages, will emerge more clearly on reading the description given with reference to the accompanying drawings given by way of non-limiting examples in which:
- La figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble schématique du dispositif selon l'invention;- Figure 1 is a schematic overview of the device according to the invention;
- La figure 2 est une coupe de profil de la zone A de la figure 1 ;FIG. 2 is a profile section of area A of FIG. 1;
- La figure 3 est une coupe transversale de la zone A de la figure 1 ;- Figure 3 is a cross section of the area A of Figure 1;
- La figure 4 est une représentation schématique d'une variante de la plaque de l'invention.- Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a variant of the plate of the invention.
L'invention va à présent être décrite en référence aux figures 1 à 4.The invention will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
A la figure 1 , on a représenté un dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement disposé sur un conduit ou une ligne d'échappement 10, en aval d'un moteur à combustion par exemple à quatre cylindres muni d'un système d'injection 8. Le conduit 10 d'échappement comporte des moyens 13 d'oxydation. Ces moyens 13 d'oxydation sont formés par un catalyseur, en aval duquel se trouve un filtre à particules 12.FIG. 1 shows an exhaust gas after-treatment device disposed on a duct or an exhaust line 10, downstream from a four-cylinder combustion engine equipped with a combustion engine. injection 8. The exhaust duct 10 comprises means 13 for oxidation. These oxidation means 13 are formed by a catalyst, downstream of which is a particulate filter 12.
Un injecteur 5 de carburant supplémentaire relié à une pompe 1 1 chargée de son alimentation en carburant, est positionné en amont du catalyseur 13.An additional fuel injector 5 connected to a pump 1 1 charged with its fuel supply, is positioned upstream of the catalyst 13.
Un boîtier 9 électronique embarquée contrôle le dispositif et permet de déterminer la nécessité de régénérer le filtre à particules 12 au moyen d'une mesure de pression différentielle. Cette mesure de pression différentielle est mesurée aux bornes du filtre 12 à l'aide par exemple d'un capteur de pression différentielle 121 , et permet de modifier le mode d'injection 81 de carburant, en favorisant l'injection cylindre et/ou l'injection à l'échappement.An on-board electronic box 9 controls the device and makes it possible to determine the need to regenerate the particle filter 12 by means of a differential pressure measurement. This differential pressure measurement is measured across the filter 12 using, for example, a differential pressure sensor 121, and makes it possible to modify the fuel injection mode 81, by favoring the cylinder injection and / or the exhaust injection.
Le dispositif comporte également deux capteurs 132, 132' de température positionnés en entrée 132 du filtre 12 à particules et en amont 132' du catalyseur 13 et reliés 131 , 131 ' au boîtier 9 électronique pour réguler la température du catalyseur 13.The device also comprises two sensors 132, 132 'of temperature positioned at the inlet 132 of the particulate filter 12 and upstream 132' of the catalyst 13 and connected 131, 131 'to the electronic housing 9 to regulate the temperature of the catalyst 13.
L'injecteur 5 d'échappement supplémentaire est disposé de façon à injecter le carburant dans une pré-chambre 1 illustrée sur les figures 2 et 3.The additional exhaust injector 5 is arranged to inject the fuel into a pre-chamber 1 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.
Cette pré-chambre 1 est formée dans le conduit 10 d'échappement en amont des moyens 13 d'oxydation et est délimitée par une plaque 7 d'impact. La plaque 7 d'impact est disposée dans la continuité du conduit 10 d'échappement et est chauffée par le flux 4 de gaz chauds d'échappement. La pré-chambre 1 délimitée par la plaque 7 forme ainsi un espace dans lequel débouche l'injecteur 5 supplémentaire d'échappement. De cette façon l'injecteur 5 supplémentaire d'échappement permet la vaporisation 3 du carburant sur la plaque 7 d'impact chaude qui va se mélanger aux gaz d'échappement 4 chauds et se propager dans une couronne 2 annulaire formée sur le contour du conduit 10 d'échappement par un élargissement de son diamètre. La couronne 2 annulaire comporte des ouvertures 15, 16 calibrées permettant l'injection du mélange 6 gaz d'échappement-carburant dans le conduit 10 d'échappement. Les ouvertures 15, de cette couronne 2 annulaire, situées proche de lïnjecteur 5 supplémentaire ont une section sensiblement inférieure à celle des ouvertures 16 disposées à l'opposée de lïnjecteur 5 supplémentaire.This pre-chamber 1 is formed in the exhaust pipe 10 upstream of the oxidation means 13 and is delimited by an impact plate 7. The impact plate 7 is disposed in the continuity of the exhaust duct 10 and is heated by the flow 4 of hot exhaust gas. The pre-chamber 1 delimited by the plate 7 thus forms a space into which the additional exhaust injector 5 opens. In this way the additional exhaust injector 5 allows the vaporization 3 of the fuel on the hot impact plate 7 which will mix with the hot exhaust gases 4 and propagate in an annular ring 2 formed on the contour of the duct. 10 exhaust by enlarging its diameter. The annular ring 2 comprises calibrated openings 15, 16 allowing the injection 6 of the exhaust-fuel mixture to be injected into the exhaust pipe. The openings 15, of this annular ring 2, located near the additional injector have a section substantially smaller than that of the openings 16 disposed opposite the additional injector.
Dans une première variante illustrée sur les figures 2 et 3, la face de la plaque 7 d'impact a une face orientée vers l'intérieur du conduit d'échappement 10, orientée vers les gaz 4 chauds, qui est lisse.In a first variant illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, the face of the impact plate 7 has an inward facing face of the exhaust duct 10, facing the hot gas 4, which is smooth.
Dans une autre variante la plaque 7 d'impact comporte des ailettes 71 sur sa face en contact avec les gaz d'échappement 4 chauds, orientée vers l'intérieur du conduit d'échappement 10, permettant d'augmenter la température de sa paroi.In another variant, the impact plate 7 has fins 71 on its face in contact with the hot exhaust gas 4, oriented towards the inside of the exhaust duct 10, making it possible to increase the temperature of its wall.
Ce dispositif permet ainsi plusieurs améliorations de l'homogénéisation du mélange.This device thus makes several improvements in the homogenization of the mixture.
Le jet de carburant 3 vient se vaporiser sur la paroi 7 chaude du conduitThe fuel jet 3 is vaporized on the hot wall 7 of the duct
10 puis se mélange avec les gaz 4 chauds entrant dans la pré-chambre 1. De cette façon les fractions liquides ne sont pas directement injectées dans le conduit 10 d'échappement évitant ainsi de fortes concentrations d'hydrocarbures en entrée catalyseur 13.10 and then mix with the hot gases 4 entering the pre-chamber 1. In this way the liquid fractions are not directly injected into the exhaust duct 10 thus avoiding high catalyst entry hydrocarbon concentrations 13.
Dans un second temps, le mélange gaz d'échappement-carburant 6 ainsi formé se réparti radialement via la couronne 2 de mélange par des ouvertures 15, 16 calibrées pour permettre d'introduire de façon homogène le mélange sur toute la périphérie du conduit 10. Les ouvertures 15 situées proche de lïnjecteur supplémentaire ayant une section sensiblement inférieure à celle des ouvertures 16 disposées à l'opposé de lïnjecteur supplémentaire 5.In a second step, the exhaust gas-fuel mixture 6 thus formed is distributed radially via the mixing ring 2 through openings 15, 16 calibrated to allow the mixture to be introduced homogeneously over the entire periphery of the pipe 10. The openings 15 located near the additional injector having a section substantially smaller than that of the openings 16 arranged opposite the additional injector 5.
Ce mélange 6 gaz d'échappement-carburant homogène assure une combustion correctement répartie sur l'ensemble de la section du catalyseur 13 d'oxydation. Cela permet d'éviter la propagation d'une zone de forte richesse en réducteurs le long de la paroi, ce qui réduit d'une façon importante le risque de fatigue prématurée ou de détérioration du revêtement catalytique dû à une combustion des réducteurs trop forte au niveau des zones de forte richesse. Par ailleurs, on régénère plus efficacement le filtre 12 à particules qui est arrosé de façon homogène thermiquement : il n'y a plus de zone trop froide qui ne permettrait pas la régénération, ni de zone trop chaude qui conduirait à un emballement de la combustion des suies.This homogeneous fuel-gas mixture provides a properly distributed combustion over the entire section of the oxidation catalyst. This makes it possible to avoid the propagation of an area of high reductant richness along the wall, which significantly reduces the risk of premature fatigue or deterioration of the catalytic coating due to a too strong combustion of the reducers. level of areas of high wealth. On the other hand, the particulate filter 12 is regenerated more efficiently and is watered in a thermally homogeneous manner: there is no longer too cold a zone which would not allow regeneration, nor too hot a zone that would lead to a runaway of soot combustion.
Un tel dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d'échappement permet de réduire le risque de fatigue prématuré ou de détérioration du revêtement catalytique du catalyseur d'oxydation. Le mélange gaz d'échappement- carburant est homogène en entrée du catalyseur d'oxydation, ce qui augmente les températures en entrée filtre à particules. Such an aftertreatment device of the exhaust gas makes it possible to reduce the risk of premature fatigue or deterioration of the catalytic coating of the oxidation catalyst. The exhaust gas-fuel mixture is homogeneous at the inlet of the oxidation catalyst, which increases the particulate filter inlet temperatures.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0757224A FR2920471B1 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2007-08-28 | EXHAUST GAS POST-TREATMENT DEVICE |
| FR0757224 | 2007-08-28 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009030858A1 true WO2009030858A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
Family
ID=39262799
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2008/051534 Ceased WO2009030858A1 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2008-08-27 | Device for post-processing of exhaust gases |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2920471B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009030858A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9664081B2 (en) | 2007-07-24 | 2017-05-30 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh | Assembly and method for introducing a reducing agent into the exhaust pipe of an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine |
| US9726064B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2017-08-08 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc | Mixer for use in a vehicle exhaust system |
| US10787946B2 (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2020-09-29 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc | Heated dosing mixer |
| US10933387B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2021-03-02 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc | Reducing agent mixer |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201207201D0 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2012-06-06 | Perkins Engines Co Ltd | Emissions cleaning module for a diesel engine |
| CN104420948B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2017-04-12 | 财团法人车辆研究测试中心 | Carrier exhaust gas treatment device and treatment method thereof |
| GB2594093A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-20 | Delphi Tech Ip Ltd | An exhaust gas treatment system |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0900923A2 (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-03-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Mixture delivery device |
| WO2005073524A1 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for post treating waste gas of an internal combustion engine |
| US20060016176A1 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-01-26 | Hilden David L | Diesel exhaust aftertreatment device regeneration system |
| FR2880065A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-30 | Renault Sas | DEVICE FOR DEPOLLUTING EXHAUST GASES |
-
2007
- 2007-08-28 FR FR0757224A patent/FR2920471B1/en active Active
-
2008
- 2008-08-27 WO PCT/FR2008/051534 patent/WO2009030858A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0900923A2 (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-03-10 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Mixture delivery device |
| WO2005073524A1 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2005-08-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for post treating waste gas of an internal combustion engine |
| US20060016176A1 (en) * | 2004-07-23 | 2006-01-26 | Hilden David L | Diesel exhaust aftertreatment device regeneration system |
| FR2880065A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-06-30 | Renault Sas | DEVICE FOR DEPOLLUTING EXHAUST GASES |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9664081B2 (en) | 2007-07-24 | 2017-05-30 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Germany Gmbh | Assembly and method for introducing a reducing agent into the exhaust pipe of an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine |
| US9726064B2 (en) | 2015-04-30 | 2017-08-08 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc | Mixer for use in a vehicle exhaust system |
| US10933387B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2021-03-02 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc | Reducing agent mixer |
| US10787946B2 (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2020-09-29 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies, Usa, Llc | Heated dosing mixer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2920471A1 (en) | 2009-03-06 |
| FR2920471B1 (en) | 2009-12-04 |
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