WO2009030365A1 - Device and method for carrying out hardware adaptations to a server in a distributed computer system with at least two servers - Google Patents
Device and method for carrying out hardware adaptations to a server in a distributed computer system with at least two servers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2009030365A1 WO2009030365A1 PCT/EP2008/006821 EP2008006821W WO2009030365A1 WO 2009030365 A1 WO2009030365 A1 WO 2009030365A1 EP 2008006821 W EP2008006821 W EP 2008006821W WO 2009030365 A1 WO2009030365 A1 WO 2009030365A1
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- Prior art keywords
- server
- computer
- computer system
- hardware
- virtual machine
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/60—Software deployment
- G06F8/65—Updates
- G06F8/656—Updates while running
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/45562—Creating, deleting, cloning virtual machine instances
Definitions
- the invention relates to an apparatus and method for making hardware adjustments to a server in a distributed computer system that includes at least two physical servers.
- Such hardware adjustments can be z. B. refer to a repair or upgrade or maintenance of a computer with server function, which usually require a shutdown of the computer. As a rule, this also means an interruption of the entire operation or at least the failure of a partial operation, which can result in significant costs. In industrial automation systems, for example, there is typically the requirement that hardware adjustments be carried out without interrupting the operation.
- a known system design with which these requirements can be met is a redundantly designed computer system, or at least temporarily connect the system to an additional computer, which takes over the function of the computer to be turned off.
- a redundantly designed computer system is complex. But also the availability of another computer and facilities such as switches and cable connections for its integration into the system in case of need mean a considerable effort. If no additional computer is kept available, it must first be procured if necessary, which is at least time-consuming.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method and a device with which hardware adjustments to computers with server function in a non-redundant distributed computer system without interruption and with relatively little overhead are feasible.
- the invention therefore proposes to provide the redundancy required for carrying out hardware adjustments or changes to computers with server function without interruption in a distributed computer system by means of temporary virtual machines.
- the virtual machines assume the server function of the affected system part.
- the provisions required for such a procedure are much less complicated than in the above known solutions.
- a non-redundant distributed computer system for example an industrial automation system as the starting system.
- a system typically has a plurality of physical computers, of which only three physical computers R1, R2, and R3 are shown here for the sake of simplicity.
- R1 software for a first server functionality a is installed in the first computer R1.
- R2 software for a second server functionality b is installed in the second computer R2 software for a second server functionality b is installed.
- the third computer R3 is a client.
- the computers R1, R2, and R3 are interconnected via a network N.
- step 1 and 2 of FIG. 1 shown and explained below procedure proposed.
- step 1 an operation is shown by way of example, in which first a virtual machine V1 with the function of the first server a is installed on the second computer R2.
- the second computer R2 thus temporarily assumes the function of the two servers a and b.
- the first computer R1 is then disconnected from the network N, and the intended hardware adaptation or modification of the first server takes place offline.
- step 2 after a retransmission of the server functionality of the server a from the virtual machine V1 to the first computer R1, the first computer R1 is again connected to the network N, and the virtual machine V1 is removed from the second computer R2 , This concludes the change process.
- read-only operation may be provided.
- a back migration of the server functionality and / or the further adjustments to the modified computer can take place before it is switched back to the network and the virtual machine is uninstalled.
- a redundant operation of the changed physical server and the virtual server may be provided for a while until an automatic synchronization has taken place.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Hardware Redundancy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Durchführung von Hardware-Anpassungen an einem Server in einem verteilten Computersvstem mit wenigstens zwei Servern Apparatus and method for making hardware adjustments to a server in a distributed computer system with at least two servers
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Durchführung von Hardware-Anpassungen an einem Server in einem verteilten Computersystem das wenigstens zwei physikalische Server enthält. Solche Hardware-Anpassungen können sich z. B. auf eine Reparatur oder Aufrüstung oder eine Wartung eines Rechners mit Serverfunktion beziehen, die meistens eine Abschaltung des Rechners erfordern. In der Regel bedeutet dies zugleich eine Unterbrechung des gesamten Betriebs oder wenigstens den Ausfall eines Teilbetriebs, wodurch erhebliche Kosten entstehen können. Bei industriellen Automatisierungssystemen besteht daher beispielsweise typisch die Forderung, dass Hardware-Anpassungen ohne Betriebsunterbrechung durchzuführen sind.The invention relates to an apparatus and method for making hardware adjustments to a server in a distributed computer system that includes at least two physical servers. Such hardware adjustments can be z. B. refer to a repair or upgrade or maintenance of a computer with server function, which usually require a shutdown of the computer. As a rule, this also means an interruption of the entire operation or at least the failure of a partial operation, which can result in significant costs. In industrial automation systems, for example, there is typically the requirement that hardware adjustments be carried out without interrupting the operation.
Eine bekannte Systemkonzeption mit der diesen Anforderungen entsprochen werden kann, ist ein redundant ausgelegtes Computersystem, oder wenigstens temporär dem System einen zusätzlichen Rechner zuzuschalten, der die Funktion des abzuschaltenden Rechners übernimmt. Ein redundant ausgelegtes Computersystem ist aufwändig. Aber auch die Bereithaltung eines weiteren Rechners sowie Einrichtungen wie Schalter und Kabelverbindungen für dessen Einbindung in das System im Bedarfsfall bedeuten einen erheblichen Aufwand. Soweit kein Zusatzrechner bereitgehalten wird, muss er im Bedarfsfall erst beschafft werden, was zumindest zeitauf- wändig ist.A known system design with which these requirements can be met is a redundantly designed computer system, or at least temporarily connect the system to an additional computer, which takes over the function of the computer to be turned off. A redundantly designed computer system is complex. But also the availability of another computer and facilities such as switches and cable connections for its integration into the system in case of need mean a considerable effort. If no additional computer is kept available, it must first be procured if necessary, which is at least time-consuming.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Einrichtung anzugeben, mit denen Hardware-Anpassungen an Rechnern mit Serverfunktion in einem nicht-redundanten verteilten Computersystem ohne Betriebsunterbrechung und mit vergleichsweise geringem Zusatzaufwand durchführbar sind.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a method and a device with which hardware adjustments to computers with server function in a non-redundant distributed computer system without interruption and with relatively little overhead are feasible.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren zur Durchführung von Hardware- Anpassungen an Rechnern mit Serverfunktion in einem verteilten Computersystem mit mehreren physikalischen Rechnern, wovon wenigstens zwei der Rechner als Server eingerichtet sind, das die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale aufweist. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und ein zur Verfahrensdurchführung eingerichtetes Computersystem sind in weiteren Ansprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by a method for performing hardware adjustments to computers with server function in a distributed computer system with multiple physical computers, of which at least two of the computers are set up as a server having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and a computer system configured for carrying out the method are specified in further claims.
Mit der Erfindung wird demnach vorgeschlagen, die zur Durchführung von Hardware- Anpassungen beziehungsweise -Änderungen an Rechnern mit Serverfunktion ohne Betriebsunterbrechung in einem verteilten Computersystem erforderliche Redundanz mittels temporärer virtueller Maschinen zu schaffen. Die virtuellen Maschinen übernehmen während einer Hardware-Anpassung die Server-Funktion des jeweils betroffenen Systemteils. Die für eine solche Vorgehensweise erforderlichen Vorkehrungen sind deutlich weniger aufwändig als bei den oben genannten bekannten Lösungen.The invention therefore proposes to provide the redundancy required for carrying out hardware adjustments or changes to computers with server function without interruption in a distributed computer system by means of temporary virtual machines. During a hardware adaptation, the virtual machines assume the server function of the affected system part. The provisions required for such a procedure are much less complicated than in the above known solutions.
Eine weitere Erläuterung der Erfindung und deren Vorteile ergibt sich aus der nachstehenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand einer Zeichnungsfigur.A further explanation of the invention and its advantages will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to a drawing figure.
Fig. 1 zeigt im oberen Zeichnungsbereich unter einem Schritt 0 ein nichtredundantes verteiltes Computersystem, beispielsweise ein industrielles Automatisierungssystem als Ausgangssystem. Ein solches System weist typisch eine Vielzahl von physikalischen Rechnern auf, wovon hier zur Vereinfachung nur drei physikalische Rechner R1 , R2, und R3 dargestellt sind. Im Beispiel ist im ersten Rechner R1 Software für eine erste Server-Funktionalität a installiert. Im zweiten Rechner R2 ist eine Software für eine zweite Server-Funktionalität b installiert. Der dritte Rechner R3 ist ein Client. Die Rechner R1 , R2, und R3 sind über ein Netzwerk N miteinander verbunden.1 shows in the upper drawing area under a step 0 a non-redundant distributed computer system, for example an industrial automation system as the starting system. Such a system typically has a plurality of physical computers, of which only three physical computers R1, R2, and R3 are shown here for the sake of simplicity. In the example R1 software for a first server functionality a is installed in the first computer R1. In the second computer R2 software for a second server functionality b is installed. The third computer R3 is a client. The computers R1, R2, and R3 are interconnected via a network N.
Zur Durchführung einer Hardware-Anpassung beziehungsweise -Änderung, wie z. B. eine Aufrüstung oder eine Reparatur oder einfach eine Wartung, die eine Abschaltung des betroffenen Rechners mit Server-Funktionalität erfordert, wird die in Schrit- ten 1 und 2 der Fig. 1 dargestellte und nachstehend erläuterte Vorgehensweise vorgeschlagen.To perform a hardware adaptation or change, such. As an upgrade or a repair or simply a maintenance that requires a shutdown of the affected computer with server functionality, the in step 1 and 2 of FIG. 1 shown and explained below procedure proposed.
Als Schritt 1 ist beispielhaft ein Vorgang dargestellt, bei dem zuerst auf dem zweiten Rechner R2 eine virtuelle Maschine V1 mit der Funktion des ersten Servers a installiert wird. Der zweite Rechner R2 übernimmt somit vorübergehend die Funktion der beiden Server a und b. Der erste Rechner R1 wird anschließend vom Netzwerk N getrennt und es erfolgt offline die vorgesehene Hardware-Anpassung beziehungsweise -Änderung des ersten Servers a.As step 1, an operation is shown by way of example, in which first a virtual machine V1 with the function of the first server a is installed on the second computer R2. The second computer R2 thus temporarily assumes the function of the two servers a and b. The first computer R1 is then disconnected from the network N, and the intended hardware adaptation or modification of the first server takes place offline.
Im Schritt 2 wird - nach einer Rück-Übertragung der Server-Funktionalität des Servers a aus der virtuellen Maschine V1 in den ersten Rechner R1 - der erste Rechner R1 wieder mit dem Netzwerk N verbunden, und die virtuelle Maschine V1 aus dem zweiten Rechner R2 entfernt. Damit ist der Änderungsvorgang abgeschlossen.In step 2, after a retransmission of the server functionality of the server a from the virtual machine V1 to the first computer R1, the first computer R1 is again connected to the network N, and the virtual machine V1 is removed from the second computer R2 , This concludes the change process.
Wenn wenigstens zwei der im Computersystem vorhandenen physikalischen Rechner eine ausreichende Rechnerkapazität aufweisen, damit temporär eine virtuelle Maschine mit einer beliebigen der im System vorhandenen Serverfunktionalitäten eingerichtet werden kann, ist keine Installation eines zusätzlichen Rechners zur Vermeidung einer Betriebsunterbrechung erforderlich. Somit sind vorteilhaft Infrastrukturänderungen vor und nach einer Hardware-Anpassung vermieden.If at least two of the physical computers present in the computer system have sufficient computing capacity in order to be able to temporarily set up a virtual machine with any of the server functionalities present in the system, no installation of an additional computer to avoid an interruption of operation is required. Thus, infrastructure changes before and after a hardware adaptation are advantageously avoided.
Wenn während des Betriebs eines Servers mittels virtueller Maschine keine Veränderung der Serverfunktionalität zulässig sein soll, kann eine schreibgeschützte Betriebsweise vorgesehen werden.If you do not want to allow server functionality to change while a server is running using a virtual machine, read-only operation may be provided.
Falls aber während des Serverbetriebs mittels virtueller Maschine weitere Anpassungen beziehungsweise Änderungen zugelassen werden, kann eine Rück-Migration der Server-Funktionalität und/oder der weiteren Anpassungen in den geänderten Rechner erfolgen bevor dieser wieder dem Netzwerk zugeschaltet und die virtuelle Maschine deinstalliert wird. Alternativ dazu kann auch eine Zeitlang ein redundanter Betrieb des geänderten physikalischen Servers und des virtuellen Servers vorgesehen werden, bis eine automatische Synchronisation erfolgt ist. If, however, further adjustments or changes are permitted during server operation by means of a virtual machine, a back migration of the server functionality and / or the further adjustments to the modified computer can take place before it is switched back to the network and the virtual machine is uninstalled. Alternatively, a redundant operation of the changed physical server and the virtual server may be provided for a while until an automatic synchronization has taken place.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007041652.2 | 2007-09-03 | ||
| DE102007041652A DE102007041652A1 (en) | 2007-09-03 | 2007-09-03 | Apparatus and method for making hardware adjustments to a server in a distributed computer system having at least two servers |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009030365A1 true WO2009030365A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2008/006821 Ceased WO2009030365A1 (en) | 2007-09-03 | 2008-08-20 | Device and method for carrying out hardware adaptations to a server in a distributed computer system with at least two servers |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102007041652A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009030365A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002097624A2 (en) * | 2001-05-25 | 2002-12-05 | Neverfail Group Plc | Recovery computer for a plurality of networked computers |
| US20060015641A1 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-01-19 | Teneros, Inc. | Autonomous service backup and migration |
| US20070174658A1 (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-07-26 | Yoshifumi Takamoto | Failure recovery method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8146073B2 (en) * | 2004-09-30 | 2012-03-27 | Microsoft Corporation | Updating software while it is running |
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2007
- 2007-09-03 DE DE102007041652A patent/DE102007041652A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2008
- 2008-08-20 WO PCT/EP2008/006821 patent/WO2009030365A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2002097624A2 (en) * | 2001-05-25 | 2002-12-05 | Neverfail Group Plc | Recovery computer for a plurality of networked computers |
| US20060015641A1 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-01-19 | Teneros, Inc. | Autonomous service backup and migration |
| US20070174658A1 (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-07-26 | Yoshifumi Takamoto | Failure recovery method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102007041652A1 (en) | 2009-03-05 |
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