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WO2009097857A1 - Procédé de récupération de chaleur provenant d'un traitement de récupération de dioxyde de carbone - Google Patents

Procédé de récupération de chaleur provenant d'un traitement de récupération de dioxyde de carbone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009097857A1
WO2009097857A1 PCT/DK2009/050034 DK2009050034W WO2009097857A1 WO 2009097857 A1 WO2009097857 A1 WO 2009097857A1 DK 2009050034 W DK2009050034 W DK 2009050034W WO 2009097857 A1 WO2009097857 A1 WO 2009097857A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chiller
recovery
gas
heat
liquid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DK2009/050034
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rasmus Find
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Union Engineering AS
Original Assignee
Union Engineering AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Union Engineering AS filed Critical Union Engineering AS
Publication of WO2009097857A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009097857A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
    • F24F3/1417—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant with liquid hygroscopic desiccants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/144—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by dehumidification only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for recovery of heat from recovery of carbon dioxide from gaseous sources. More particular, the invention relates to a method for recovery of heat where carbon dioxide is recovered in a chemical or physical absorption process where heat is added for stripping purpose. The present invention also relates to the use of an adsorption or absorption chiller unit in a CO 2 recovery plant for generating a cooled liquid.
  • CO 2 recovery plants are widely used to clean and/or recover CO 2 released from combustion of hydrocarbons.
  • Such plants often comprise an absorption step using a chemical or physical absorber followed by a stripping step wherein the CO 2 gas and the absorbent are separated into a CO 2 rich gas and the liquid absorbent, which is reintroduced into the absorber.
  • the separation in the stripper is facilitated by heat eventually originating from the combustion of hydrocarbons, such as oil, coal or natural gas.
  • the warm CO 2 gas leaving the stripper is cooled and either discarded or subjected to further downstream purification steps if intended for use in e.g. the food and beverage industry or EOR.
  • an object of the present invention is to improve existing CO 2 recovery plants by utilizing the excess heat derived there from in a more valuable process than e.g. central heating.
  • an object of the present invention is to recover heat from CO 2 recovery processes, more particular to recover heat from CO2 recovery processes in which heat is utilized for stripping a chemical absorption process.
  • the recovered heat is utilized for the generation of cold liquid in an absorption chiller unit using an absorption chiller unit by adding heat to the regenerator.
  • the present invention provides a method for recovery of heat originating from a CO 2 recovering process wherein an absorption or adsorption chiller regenerator step is inserted at a point where the thermal energy of the stream entering the chiller is higher than the thermal energy needed in the step downstream from the chiller and/or that the stream is able to release thermal energy at a temperature of at least 40°C.
  • the temperature is most preferable down to 40°C, but if economically feasible lower temperatures may be employed.
  • the present invention relates to the use of an adsorption or absorption chiller unit in a CO 2 recovery plant for generating a cooled liquid, which cooled liquid is not part of the CO2 recovery plant.
  • thermal energy is extracted from the stream.
  • thermal energy for e.g. stripping and thermal energy to be utilized in an absorption chiller unit to cool a liquid, in particular water.
  • the stream leaving the regenerator should most preferably be as low as 40°C. I.e. the stream must be able to release thermal energy at a temperature of at least 40°C.
  • the stream leaving the regenerator is subsequently fed as a hot reservoir to a heat exchanger.
  • the energy of the hot reservoir is transferred to a cold reservoir.
  • a temperature difference between the hot and cold reservoirs must be at least 15°C in order to achieve a reasonable Carnot efficiency.
  • the chiller unit is based on LiBr technology where LiBr is the absorber and water the refrigerant
  • the system is typi- cally operated at 65°C.
  • the hot reservoir should preferably be 80°C and the cold reservoir at the most 50°C in order for the process to be feasible.
  • the choice of refrigerant technology may depend on the ambient temperatures.
  • Other systems are based on NH4 and water in which case NH4 is th erefrigerant and water the absorbent. Such systems are capable of operating at lower temperatures.
  • the present invention is particular suitable for plants where there is a combined need for recovering pure CO 2 and cooling a liquid/fluid which is not an integral part of the CO2 recovery process.
  • the present invention utilizes excess energy form one process in another separate process that would else wise require an additional energy supply.
  • the heat is recovered from a process where heat is used to strip a chemical/physical absorbent used in a CO 2 recovery plant, excess heat is led to a chiller unit in which a liquid is cooled to a desired temperature.
  • step a) wherein the chiller step is inserted before step a) and/or between steps a) and b) and/or after step d) in the process of a) feeding a gas (Gl) comprising carbon dioxide into a boiler
  • the particular process described above is the most frequently used process in a high purity CO 2 plant, optionally further comprising a flash step between the absorber and the stripper, in particular when the gaseous source comprises NOx's, sulphurous compounds and/or volatile organic compounds.
  • the particular method above is particular useful in the consumers industry, such as beverages, e.g. soft drinks and beer, where there is both a need for high purity food grade CC ⁇ and a need for cooling water.
  • the CO 2 plant often already present may be improved by incorporating the inventive adsorber/absorber chiller regenerator at a suitable point of the process, Detailed description of the invention
  • the source from which CO2 is to be recovered may be any CO2 containing gas, but presently flue gas is the most preferred gaseous CO 2 source.
  • the present invention is related but not limited to a process as depicted in figure 1 where a self-generating CO 2 -plant is used as an example.
  • Another possible setup is a traditional CO 2 recovery plant. Still other setups are possible and this invention relates to the recovery of heat added to or generated from a CO 2 process in general. As such the absorption/adsorption chiller could also be implemented in other hot streams but a gaseous CO 2 source.
  • the chiller may equally be an adsorption or absorption chiller regenerator.
  • the absorption/adsorption chiller regenerator is preferably incorporated in the actual plant but may also be positioned at a distance there from provided the stream can be transported in a practical way thereto.
  • a power plant having a CO 2 recovery plant may supply heat to a chiller unit in connection with the plant itself or con- nected to a neighbouring factory demanding means for cooling fluids.
  • the CO 2 recovery plant is located in a factory producing beverages, which also requires cooling of liquid to said beverages.
  • Flue gas is generated by combustion of hydrocarbons in burner Al to generate a hot CO 2 -containing gas stream Gl.
  • the gas stream Gl is cooled in a boiler A2 to generate a colder gas stream G2.
  • This gas stream is then cooled by means of a direct contact cooler A3, to gener- ate a gas stream G3, which has a temperature close to the water dew point temperature.
  • the gas stream G3 is compressed by blower A4 to generate a gas stream G4, which is sent to an absorption column A5.
  • the gas stream G4 is washed by means of a CO 2 -lean MEA/water- solution Ll, which by means of a chemical reaction will absorb the CO 2 present in gas stream G4 to generate a CO 2 -rich liquid L2 and a CO 2 free gas G5.
  • the CO 2 -TiCh liquid L2 is pumped to a stripping column A6 where the CO 2 in the CO 2 -TiCh liquid L2 is stripped off by means of heat generated in boiler A2 in order to produce a CO 2 -HCh gas stream G6 and a C0 2 -lean liquid L3.
  • L3 will upon heat transfer be the liquid Ll used for the absorption step in A5.
  • the CO 2 -HCh gas stream G6 also containing steam is then being cooled in the absorption/adsorption chiller regenerator A7 to recover most of the heat, which is needed for running an absorption/adsorption chiller unit to produce a cold chilled liquid L5 from liquid L4, which is an externally supplied liquid not being part of the CO 2 recovery process, the liquid L5 can be exported to consumers.
  • Said liquid may in a particular embodiment be water for use in the beverage industry, e.g. for use in soft drinks or beer.
  • the liquid may be water for use in an air conditioner apparatus or in general any where a cooling application is needed.
  • the chiller A7 is located downstream from the stripper. In another embodiment the chiller may be situated upstream from the boiler A2 or after the boiler A2. It is also contem- plated that more than one chiller A7 can be used at different locations provided the stream is warm enough to provide both heat to the unit operation of the CO 2 recovery plant and heat/thermal energy to the chiller.
  • the absorption chiller regenerator, A7 approximately 70% of the heat normally removed in heat exchanger A8 can be recovered to run an absorption chiller unit.
  • thermal energy not used at all or used in a non-optimal way may be exploited in a chiller unit whereby substantial amounts of energy in form of electricity is saved.
  • the present invention relates to a plant comprising a CO 2 recovery unit and an adsorption/absorption unit.
  • Said CO 2 recovery unit comprises at least starting upstream a boiler, optionally a direct contact cooler, an absorber, optionally a flash column, a stripper and optional further down stream purification units such as a washer, a dehydrator and a condenser.
  • Usual unit such as pumps, blowers etc. are ubiquitous and the skilled will readily recognised where these standard units are employed.
  • the adsorption/absorption unit comprises at least an absorption/adsorption chiller regenerator, and optionally a heat exchanger, condenser, evaporator, adsorber, and absorber depending on the choice of chiller used.
  • Example A typical CO 2 recovery plant produces 1000 kg CCVhr from combustion of natural gas. In the process 5000 kWh thermal power will be generated in boiler A2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de récupération de chaleur provenant de la récupération de dioxyde de carbone à partir de sources gazeuses. L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un procédé de récupération de chaleur où du dioxyde de carbone est récupéré dans un traitement d'absorption chimique ou physique dans lequel de la chaleur est ajoutée à des fins de désorption. La présente invention porte également sur l'utilisation d'une unité de refroidisseur à adsorption ou absorption dans une installation de récupération de CO2 pour générer un liquide refroidi.
PCT/DK2009/050034 2008-02-05 2009-02-04 Procédé de récupération de chaleur provenant d'un traitement de récupération de dioxyde de carbone Ceased WO2009097857A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200800158 2008-02-05
DKPA200800158 2008-02-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009097857A1 true WO2009097857A1 (fr) 2009-08-13

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DK2009/050034 Ceased WO2009097857A1 (fr) 2008-02-05 2009-02-04 Procédé de récupération de chaleur provenant d'un traitement de récupération de dioxyde de carbone

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WO (1) WO2009097857A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103322608A (zh) * 2013-06-07 2013-09-25 新兴河北工程技术有限公司 一种用于低温余热回收的供暖系统
CN106016817A (zh) * 2016-06-08 2016-10-12 上海理工大学 一种基于开式吸收式制冷循环的二氧化碳回收装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4205529A (en) * 1978-12-04 1980-06-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy LiCl Dehumidifier LiBr absorption chiller hybrid air conditioning system with energy recovery
US4942734A (en) * 1989-03-20 1990-07-24 Kryos Energy Inc. Cogeneration of electricity and liquid carbon dioxide by combustion of methane-rich gas
GB2283284A (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-03 Us Energy Indirect-fired gas turbine bottomed with fuel cell
WO1999067102A1 (fr) * 1998-06-22 1999-12-29 Silentor Notox A/S Systeme de recuperation de chaleur residuelle
WO2004065869A1 (fr) * 2003-01-22 2004-08-05 Lng International Pty Ltd Procede de refrigeration et production de gaz naturel liquefie
EP1889658A2 (fr) * 2006-08-16 2008-02-20 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Système de recyclage de glycol

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4205529A (en) * 1978-12-04 1980-06-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy LiCl Dehumidifier LiBr absorption chiller hybrid air conditioning system with energy recovery
US4942734A (en) * 1989-03-20 1990-07-24 Kryos Energy Inc. Cogeneration of electricity and liquid carbon dioxide by combustion of methane-rich gas
GB2283284A (en) * 1993-10-28 1995-05-03 Us Energy Indirect-fired gas turbine bottomed with fuel cell
WO1999067102A1 (fr) * 1998-06-22 1999-12-29 Silentor Notox A/S Systeme de recuperation de chaleur residuelle
WO2004065869A1 (fr) * 2003-01-22 2004-08-05 Lng International Pty Ltd Procede de refrigeration et production de gaz naturel liquefie
EP1889658A2 (fr) * 2006-08-16 2008-02-20 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Système de recyclage de glycol

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103322608A (zh) * 2013-06-07 2013-09-25 新兴河北工程技术有限公司 一种用于低温余热回收的供暖系统
CN106016817A (zh) * 2016-06-08 2016-10-12 上海理工大学 一种基于开式吸收式制冷循环的二氧化碳回收装置
CN106016817B (zh) * 2016-06-08 2019-04-30 上海理工大学 一种基于开式吸收式制冷循环的二氧化碳回收装置

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