WO2009092387A2 - Pharmaceutical composition containing a garlic extract - Google Patents
Pharmaceutical composition containing a garlic extract Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009092387A2 WO2009092387A2 PCT/EG2008/000003 EG2008000003W WO2009092387A2 WO 2009092387 A2 WO2009092387 A2 WO 2009092387A2 EG 2008000003 W EG2008000003 W EG 2008000003W WO 2009092387 A2 WO2009092387 A2 WO 2009092387A2
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- garlic
- gel
- extract
- garlic extract
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/61—Myrtaceae (Myrtle family), e.g. teatree or eucalyptus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
- A61K36/896—Liliaceae (Lily family), e.g. daylily, plantain lily, Hyacinth or narcissus
- A61K36/8962—Allium, e.g. garden onion, leek, garlic or chives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/32—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
- A61K47/38—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
Definitions
- Allium sativum commonly called garlic, is a bulb-forming herb of the Liliaceae. Its medical use traces back to 5,000 years ago in Asia where it was used by nomadic tribes to improve health. The ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans recommended it to combat constipation and as a diuretic.lt was believed to give strength to the men who built the pyramids, courage to the Roman armies, and fighting spirit to the English gamecocks. During the early 1900s and the outset of World War I, British army surgeons used garlic as a bactericide.
- Garlic was reported by Ibn Sena as bacteriocide and antiinfiammmatory agent for respiratory tract infections, wounds, and alcers . The ancient Egyptians used it in treatment of gengevitis cases.
- Garlic extract was phytochemically scanned by chemical and chromatographic tools ,the results show the composition of this extract as following:
- Vitamins e.g. vitamin A, vitamin Bi -I2 and vitamin C.
- Garlic extracts are obtained from aged garlic cloves. These cloves are first washed throughly to remove any impurities. After washing Four different techniques were applied to prepare Garlic extract:
- aqueous garlic extract was prepared by cutting the garlic cloves in aqueous medium , incubated for 6 hrs at 4 0 C then filtered to remove the debris of the cloves , the aqueous extract was dryed at low temperture (1-3 0 C) and low pressure (0.5 atm.) (Sample A).
- An alcoholic garlic extract was prepared by cutting the garlic cloves in alcoholic medium incubated for 2 hrs at 4 0 C then filtered to remove the debris of the cloves , the alcoholic extract was dryed at low temperture (1-3 0 C) and low pressure (0.5 atm.) (Sample C).
- An aqueous garlic extract was prepared by cutting the garlic cloves in aqueous medium and as done for sample A, drying the extract by lyophlizer at low temperture (Sample D).
- strains were obtained from the microbial chemistry Departement, National Research Centre, Egypt. ii- Media:
- the culture media used were: 1-Lauri-Bertani medium for bacteria (1) .
- the media were sterilized by autoclaving for 20 minutes at 1.2 atm.
- each garlic extract sample A, B, C and D were tested for their antimicrobial activity against the above mentioned microorganisms by the paper-disc antibiotic assay method (4) .
- Ampicillin trihydrate was used as a standard antibacterial agent (St.l) and clotrimazole was used as a standard antifungal and anti-yeast agent (St.2)
- the discs (6mm) were loaded with two weight levels (100 ⁇ g and 200 ⁇ g) of the different extracts and 50 ⁇ g of each standard. They were placed on the surface of the specified medium in petri dishes seeded with the tested organisms and incubated at 37 0 C, 30 0 C or 28 0 C for bacteria, yeast or fungi respectively.
- Diameter of inhibition zones were measured in mm, after incubation period of 24-48 hrs for bacteria and yeasts or 48 -72 hrs for fungi. The results are represented by Table (1).
- Table (1) results of the anti-microbial activity test of aqueos solutions of garlic samples A, B, C and D
- the therapeutic doses were used to perform analgesic, antiinflammatory and chronic toxicity study.
- LD 50 of the studied extracts were determined as described by Karber (1931). For this purpose five groups of 10 mice each, weighing 20-25g b.wt. Four groups were dosed orally (5g/kg b.wt.) of four aqueous extracts (A, B, C, and D) and fifth was dosed an equivalent dose of saline.
- the 1st blood samples that taken for estimating the blood picture were collected on anticoagulant (sodium citrate 3.8 %) and used for determination of erythrocytic count, haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV),and erythrocyte indices including; mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC).
- anticoagulant sodium citrate 3.8 %
- Hb haemoglobin concentration
- PCV packed cell volume
- MCHC mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration
- the anti-inflammatory testing was performed according to the method of Winter et al. (1962).
- Paw oedema was induced by a subplantar injection of 100 ⁇ l of 1% carrageenan in saline into the right hind paw of the rats.
- One hour before induction of oedema saline was administered orally to a group of animals and served as control.
- Garlic in a dose of 0.5 g/Kg was administered into four groups of animals.
- Indomethacin in a dose of 10 mg/Kg was administered to a group of rats that served as reference standard. All the drugs were orally administered one hour before induction of inflammation.
- the right hind paw volume was measured immediately before carrageenan injection and at selected times (1, 2, 3 and 4 hours) thereafter by planimeter.
- Adjuvant arthritis was induced in the right hind paw by subplantar injection of 0.1 ml freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). The magnitude of swelling of the injected hind paw was measured using plannimeter. Saline was administered in one group of animals orally and the group served as control. Meloxicam was administered in a dose of 2 mg/Kg as a standard group. Garlic in a dose of 0.5 mg/Kg was administered in a third group of animals. All drugs were injected daily orally starting from day 10 till day 21. Paw volume was duplicately measured just prior to adjuvant injection and at every five days for 21 days after adjuvant injection using a planimeter and the mean values were recorded.
- FCA freund's complete adjuvant
- Acute toxicity LD 50 of the four aqueous extracts (A, B, C, and D)
- mice No mortalities were recorded in mice following oral administration of four aqueous extracts till dose of (5 g/kg b.wt).
- Values represent the mean ⁇ S.E. of six animals for each groups.
- Values represent the mean ⁇ S. E. of six animals for each groups.
- Values represent the mean ⁇ S. E. of six animals for each groups.
- Values represent the mean ⁇ S. E. of six animals for each groups.
- Values represent the mean ⁇ S.E. of six animals for each groups.
- Values represent the mean ⁇ S.E. of six animals for each groups.
- the data represents the mean ⁇ standard error of the mean.
- Garlic aqueous extracts did not have analgesic activity in the first 30 min post administration in comparison to the control non-treated group.
- the sample B was selected due to it has the highest activity in treatments and low toxicity as mentionede above.
- 5- Carnation oil was added with concentration lg/100g of aqueous solution to improve the smell and taste of the product.
- the gel consisted of Carbopol 934P (0.7%) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as gelling agent HPMC (1.3%). Required quantities of polymers were weighed and blended thoroughly. The polymers were then suspended in garlic extract aqueous solution and allowed to swell.
- 2-Triethanolamine was added dropwise with gentle stirring till a clear, smooth, and translucent gel was obtained at a pH of 7.2 to 7.4.
- 3 -Sodium deoxycholate (1%) was added to the gel and mixed until a complete blend was obtained.
- Sodium metabisulphite (0.01%) and methylparaben (0.05%) were finally incorporated and mixed well to obtain a uniform gel.
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- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention refers to a method for producing a herbal composition containing an aqueous garlic extract and gelling agents such as polyacrylic acid and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Alternatively, there is described a method for preparing a composition comprising a garlic extract and carnation oil. The composition may be a mouthwash for treating inflammation.
Description
Anti-Acute and Chronic inflammation and Tooth
Pain Relief
Technical Field:
Pharmacy Background Art :
There is no
Disclousre of Invention:
Allium sativum, commonly called garlic, is a bulb-forming herb of the Liliaceae. Its medical use traces back to 5,000 years ago in Asia where it was used by nomadic tribes to improve health. The ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans recommended it to combat constipation and as a diuretic.lt was believed to give strength to the men who built the pyramids, courage to the Roman armies, and fighting spirit to the English gamecocks. During the early 1900s and the outset of World War I, British army surgeons used garlic as a bactericide.
Garlic was reported by Ibn Sena as bacteriocide and antiinfiammmatory agent for respiratory tract infections, wounds, and alcers . The ancient Egyptians used it in treatment of gengevitis cases.
Recent studies show that garlic extract has antifungal, anthelmin ic, antiviral, anticancer effects.
The above facts about this nature extract induce an idea to study and evaluate its activity as antibacterial and antinflarnmatory agent to achieve a medical product help in gengevitis cases treatment.
Chemical Composition
Garlic extract was phytochemically scanned by chemical and chromatographic tools ,the results show the composition of this extract as following:
1-0.3- 1.6 % of a volatile oils containing sulfur compounds.
2-The sulfur compounds mainly represented in alliin (antibacterial agent), converted by the enzyme alliinase to allicin (antimicrobial agent) and some other Sulfur compounds e.g. Diallyl disulfide , Diallyl trisulfide .
3 -Carbohydrates
4-Proteins
5- Vitamins e.g. vitamin A, vitamin Bi-I2 and vitamin C.
Extraction Methods:
Garlic extracts are obtained from aged garlic cloves. These cloves are first washed throughly to remove any impurities. After washing Four different techniques were applied to prepare Garlic extract:
1-An aqueous garlic extract was prepared by cutting the garlic cloves in aqueous medium , incubated for 6 hrs at 40C then filtered to remove the debris of the cloves , the aqueous extract was dryed at low temperture (1-3 0C) and low pressure (0.5 atm.) (Sample A).
2- A powder of garlic extract was prepared by drying the garlic cloves at low temperature and grinding them to fine powder (Sample B).
3- An alcoholic garlic extract was prepared by cutting the garlic cloves in alcoholic medium incubated for 2 hrs at 40C then filtered to remove the debris of the cloves , the alcoholic extract was dryed at low temperture (1-3 0C) and low pressure (0.5 atm.) (Sample C).
4- An aqueous garlic extract was prepared by cutting the garlic cloves in aqueous medium and as done for sample A, drying the extract by lyophlizer at low temperture (Sample D).
Evaluation of Extracts Samples:
All extracted samples were evaluated in different doses to study thier effeciency of these extracts as:
1- Antibacterial effect on different Bacterial and fungal strains compared to other standard substances. (Drugs units)
2- Anti-inflammatory Effect. (Pharmacology Research Unit)
3- Analgestic activity. (Pharmacology Research Unit)
I- Antimicrobial activity test of plant samples A9 B, C and D
i- Microbial Strains:
1 - Gram-Positive bacterial strains : Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogens & Bacillus cereus
2- Gram-Negative bacterial strains: Pseudomonas fluoresenseSc Escherichia coli.
3- Yeast strains: Saccharomyces cervisiae
4- Fungal strains: Fusarium oxysporium, Aspergillus niger, Macrophmina phaseoli & Botrytis allii
The strains were obtained from the microbial chemistry Departement, National Research Centre, Egypt. ii- Media:
The culture media used were: 1-Lauri-Bertani medium for bacteria (1). 2- Yeast extract peptone medium for yeast(2).
3- Potato dextrose agar medium for fungi (3).
The media were sterilized by autoclaving for 20 minutes at 1.2 atm. And
121 0C. iϋ- Drugs:
1- Ampicillin trihydrate (El Nasr Pharmaceutical Co.) as a standard antibacterial agent.
2- Clotrimazole (Arab Drug Co.) as a standard anti-fungal and anti-yeast agent. iv- Method:
The aqueous solution of each garlic extract sample A, B, C and D were tested for their antimicrobial activity against the above mentioned microorganisms by the paper-disc antibiotic assay method (4). Ampicillin trihydrate was used as a standard antibacterial agent (St.l) and clotrimazole was used as a standard antifungal and anti-yeast agent (St.2) The discs (6mm)were loaded with two weight levels (100 μg and 200 μg) of the different extracts and 50 μg of each standard. They were placed on the surface of the specified medium in petri dishes seeded with the tested organisms and incubated at 37 0C, 30 0C or 28 0C for bacteria, yeast or fungi respectively.
Diameter of inhibition zones were measured in mm, after incubation period of 24-48 hrs for bacteria and yeasts or 48 -72 hrs for fungi. The results are represented by Table (1).
V- Results:
Table (1) : results of the anti-microbial activity test of aqueos solutions of garlic samples A, B, C and D
Micro- ~. , ... . .. ...
Diameter of inhibition zone in mm organism
A,B,C &D : 200 ug /disc
Al, Bl ,Cl & Dl : 100 ug / disc
StI : Ampicillin trihydrate 50 ug / disc ( anti bacterial)
St. 2 Clotrimazole 50 ug / disc ( antifungol& antiyeast ) vi- References:
1. Molecular cloning ", Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory .
2. Dillon,J.R., Nasim, A. and Nestmann, E.R. (1985) " Recombinant DNA Methodology", New York, John Wiley
3. Suba Rao. N.S. (1977) "Soil Micro-organisms and Plant Growth", Oxford, Mohan Primlani Publisher .
4. Gnanamanickam, S.S and Mansfield, J.W. (1981) Phytochemistry,20(5),997- 1000
II-Determination of Toxicity, Analgesic and Anti- Inflammatory Effects of Some Garlic Extracts
i-Summary
Four garlic extracts (A, B, C, and D) were obtained from the extraction stage . Acute Toxicological studies (LD50) were performed to find out the therapeutic dose for the proceeding tests.
The therapeutic doses were used to perform analgesic, antiinflammatory and chronic toxicity study.
ii-Materials and methods
A. Acute toxicity
The toxicological studies on aqueous extracts of garlic were carried out for determining the acute toxicity (LD50) in mice.
LD50 of the studied extracts were determined as described by Karber (1931). For this purpose five groups of 10 mice each, weighing 20-25g b.wt. Four groups were dosed orally (5g/kg b.wt.) of four aqueous extracts (A, B, C, and D) and fifth was dosed an equivalent dose of saline.
The toxic symptoms, mortality rate and post-mortem findings in each group were recorded 24 hours post administration.
B. Effect of prolonged administration of the most active extract (B) (Chronic Toxicity)
An experiment was carried out for studying the effect of prolonged administration (for 2 months) of the aqueous extract (B) on body weight gain, blood criteria, and liver and kidney functions.
The experiment was carried out as described by Afifi et al. (1991). Albino rats were randomly divided into two groups each of 10 animals. Group I (Normal control) orally received distilled water in a dose of 5 ml/kg b.wt. per day for two months, while group II was orally given the aqueous extracts (B) garlic.
The animals were observed for signs of abnormalities throughout the experiment. Two blood samples were taken from the orbital plexus of each animal before experiment, after one month and at the end of the two months.
The 1st blood samples that taken for estimating the blood picture were collected on anticoagulant (sodium citrate 3.8 %) and used for determination of erythrocytic count, haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV),and erythrocyte indices including; mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC).
The 2nd blood samples that taken for biochemical examinations were taken without anticoagulant, from which clear sera were obtained. Sera were used for estimating the effect on aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN).
C. Anti-inflammatory effect
1. Acute Anti-inflammatory effect
The anti-inflammatory testing was performed according to the method of Winter et al. (1962).
Paw oedema was induced by a subplantar injection of 100 μl of 1% carrageenan in saline into the right hind paw of the rats. One hour before induction of oedema saline was administered orally to a group of animals and served as control. Garlic in a dose of 0.5 g/Kg was administered into four groups of animals. Indomethacin in a dose of 10 mg/Kg was administered to a group of rats that served as reference standard. All the drugs were orally administered one hour before induction of inflammation. The right hind paw volume was measured immediately before carrageenan injection and at selected times (1, 2, 3 and 4 hours) thereafter by planimeter.
2. Chronic Anti-inflammatory effect (Freund's complete Adjuvant) for the most active extract (B)
Chronic Anti-inflammatory Adjuvant arthritis in rats has been described by Pearson and Wood (1959)
Adjuvant arthritis was induced in the right hind paw by subplantar injection of 0.1 ml freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). The magnitude of swelling of the injected hind paw was measured using plannimeter. Saline was administered in one group of animals orally and the group served as control. Meloxicam was administered in a dose of 2 mg/Kg as a standard group. Garlic in a dose of 0.5 mg/Kg was administered in a third group of animals. All drugs were injected daily orally starting from day 10 till day 21. Paw volume was duplicately measured just prior to adjuvant injection and at every five days for 21
days after adjuvant injection using a planimeter and the mean values were recorded.
D. Analgesic activity by hot plate for Garlic aqueous extracts (A, B, C, and D)
The experiment was carried out as described by Turner (1965) using hot-plate apparatus, maintained at 53 ± 0.5 "C.
Each animal was placed gently on a hot plate at 530C. Latency to exhibit nociceptive responses, such as licking paws or jumping off the hot plate was determined 30, 60, 90 min after administration of test substances or saline. Saline was administered in one group of animals subcutaneously ( s.c. ) and served as control. Garlic aqueous extracts (A, B, C, and D) were administered in a dose of 0.5 g/Kg to the other four groups of animals. All drugs were injected (s.c) 30 minutes before placing the animal on the hot plate. E. Statistical Analysis
Statistical analysis of all results, were done using analytical software named SPSS version 10.0 (SPSS, Inc., 1997), Chicago , USA . iii-Results
Toxicological studies
A. Acute toxicity LD50 of the four aqueous extracts (A, B, C, and D)
No mortalities were recorded in mice following oral administration of four aqueous extracts till dose of (5 g/kg b.wt).
As mentioned by Buck et al. (1976) that plants extracts with LD50 less than 10 mg/kg b.wt. are considered highly toxic and those with LD50 bigger than 50 mg/kg b.wt. are considered non-toxic.
The therapeutic dose used for chronic toxicity, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity assays was considered 1/10 of the LD50 for the four extracts (A, B, C and D).
B. Effect of prolonged administration of the most active extract (B) (Chronic Toxicity) 1. body weight
The effect of prolonged oral administration of garlic extract for 2 months on body weight showing no effect as compared to the control group.
Table (2)
Values represent the mean ± S.E. of six animals for each groups.
* P< 0.05: Statistically significant from Control. (Two Independent
Samples T- Test two sided).
2. Its effect on liver
The effect of prolonged oral administration of garlic extract for 2 months on serum activity of transaminases has shown a significant increase in the activity of SGPT when compared to the control group. Table (3) S.GPT
*P< 0.05: Statistically significant from Control. (Two Independent
Samples T- Test two sided).
Table (4):S.GOT
Values represent the mean ± S. E. of six animals for each groups.
*P< 0.05: Statistically significant from Control. (Two Independent
Samples T- Test two sided).
3. Its effect on kidney
The effect of prolonged oral administration of garlic extract for 2 months showing no effect on blood urea and serum creatinine as compared to the control group. Table (5):Urea
Values represent the mean ± S. E. of six animals for each groups.
* P< 0.05: Statistically significant from Control. (Two Independent
Samples T- Test two sided).
Table (6): Serum creatinine
Values represent the mean ± S. E. of six animals for each groups.
* P< 0.05: Statistically significant from Control. (Two Independent Samples T- Test two sided).
4. Its effect on haematology
The effect of prolonged oral administration of garlic extract for 2 months has show a significant effect on the packed cell volume (PCV) after two months as compared to the control group which indicates that garlic extract could cause macrocytic anaemia on chronic administration. Table (7):
Values represent the mean ± S.E. of six animals for each groups.
* P< 0.05: Statistically significant from Control. (Two Independent
Samples T- Test two sided).
Table (8):
Values represent the mean ± S.E. of six animals for each groups.
* P< 0.05: Statistically significant from Control. (Two Independent
Samples T- Test two sided).
C.Anti-inflammatory effect
1. Acute Anti-inflammatory effect
It was noticed that the aqueous garlic extracts (A, B, and D) in doses of 0.5 g/kg b.wt. significantly decreased the paw edema rate at first hours post administration in comparison to the control non-treated group, while extract (C) did not decrease the paw edema at first hour post administration in comparison to the control non-treated group.
The edema rate in the second, third and fourth hour decrease significantly for garlic extracts (B, C, and D) in comparison to the control non-treated group while garlic extract (C) did not decrease the edema in the second, third and fourth hour in comparison to the control non-treated group. Table (9):
* Statistically significant from the control group at the corresponding time; P< 0.05.
Statistical analysis was carried out using repeated measures one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test for multiple comparisons.
2. Chronic Anti-inflammatory effect (Freund's complete Adjuvant) for the most active extract (B)
It was observed that garlic extract (B) significantly decrease the edema volume in the 15th and 20th day post administration in comparison to the control non-treated group. Table (10):
The data represents the mean ± standard error of the mean.
* Statistically significant from control arthritic group at the corresponding time point: P <0.05.
Statistical analysis was carried out using repeated measures one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD test for multiple comparisons.
D. Analgesic activity by hot plate for Garlic aqueous extracts (A, B, C, and D)
It was shown that Garlic aqueous extracts (A, B, C, and D) did not have analgesic activity in the first 30 min post administration in comparison to the control non-treated group.
While after 60min post administration in comparison to the control non-treated group extracts (A, B, and C) showed significant analgesic activity on the other hand extract (D) did not have analgesic activity in comparison to the control non-treated . after 60min post administration in comparison to the control non- treated group, only extracts (A) showed significant analgesic activity on the other hand extract (B,C, and D) did not have analgesic activity in comparison to the control non-treated . Table (11):
The data represents the mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 6). Values represent the mean ± S.E. of six animals for each groups, a P< 0.05: Statistically significant from Control. (Dunnett's test), b P< 0.05: Statistically significant from Aspirin. (Dunnett's test). REFRENCES: Afifi, N.A., Ramadan, A., Abd El-Aziz, M.ϊ. and Said, E.E. (1991):
Influence of dimethoate on testicular and epidydemal organs, testosterone plasma level and their tissue residues in rats. Dtsch. tierarzt. Wschr., 98: 405-440.
Buck, W.B.; Osweiter, G.D. and Van Gelder,A.G. (1976):
"Clinical and Diagnostic Veterinary Toxicology", 2nd ed., Kendall, Hunt publishing Company, Iowa , p. 52011.
Karber, C. (1931):
Beitrag zur kollektiven behandlung pharmakologischer reihenversuche. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archiv fur experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie, 162:480-482.
Pearson CM. and Wood F.D. (1959):
Studies on polyarthritis and other lesions induced in rats by injection of mycobacterium adjuvant.
General clinic and pathological characteristics and some modifying factors. Arthr Rheum 2:440-459
Turner, R. A. (1965):
Analgesics. In: Turner, R.A. (Ed.), Screening Methods in Pharmacology. Academic Press, London , p. 100.
Winter, CA. ; Risley, E.A. and Nuss, G.W. (1962):
Carrageenin -induced edema in hind paw of the rats as an assay for antiinflammatory drugs.
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 111: 544- 547.
Ill- Formulation of Garlic Gel for Gengevitis
Treatment
Introduction:
In order to formulate Garlic gel used for gengevitis cases where the garlic extract has anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic activities and strong healing effect, the sample B was selected due to it has the highest activity in treatments and low toxicity as mentionede above.
Methods:
A-Preparation of aqueous solution of extract sample (B):
1 - Fourty grams of powdered sample (B) were dissolved in 70 gm distilled sterile water
2- The suspension was incubated for 6 hrs at 4 0C
3- After incubation period the suspension was seived by 1/16 " to separate the fine particles
4- The product is put in a Turbo Extractor through l mm seive
5- Carnation oil was added with concentration lg/100g of aqueous solution to improve the smell and taste of the product.
6- The product is immediately taken and transferred to an intermediate tank after which it is sterilized for storage.
B-Preparation of Garlic gel:
1-The gel consisted of Carbopol 934P (0.7%) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as gelling agent HPMC (1.3%). Required quantities of polymers were weighed and blended thoroughly. The polymers were then suspended in garlic extract aqueous solution and allowed to swell.
2-Triethanolamine was added dropwise with gentle stirring till a clear, smooth, and translucent gel was obtained at a pH of 7.2 to 7.4. 3 -Sodium deoxycholate (1%) was added to the gel and mixed until a complete blend was obtained. Sodium metabisulphite (0.01%) and methylparaben (0.05%) were finally incorporated and mixed well to obtain a uniform gel.
Claims
Claims
1- -Preparation of aqueous solution of extract sample (B):
• Fourty grams of powdered sample (B) were dissolved in 70 gm distilled sterile water
• The suspension was incubated for 6 hrs at 4 0C
« After incubation period the suspension was seived by 1/16 " to separate the fine particles
• The product is put in a Turbo Extractor through lmm seive
• Carnation oil was added with concentration lg/lOOg of aqueous solution to improve the smell and taste of the product.
• The product is immediately taken and transferred to an intermediate tank after which it is sterilized for storage.
2— Preparation of Garlic gel:
A -The gel consisted of Carbopol 934P (0.7%) and hydro xypropylmethylcellulose as gelling agent HPMC (1.3%). Required quantities of polymers were weighed and blended thoroughly. The polymers were then suspended in garlic extract aqueous solution and allowed to swell.
B -Triethanolamine was added dropwise with gentle stirring till a clear, smooth, and translucent gel was obtained at a pH of 7.2 to 7.4. C -Sodium deoxycholate (1%) was added to the gel and mixed until a complete blend was obtained. Sodium metabisulphite (0.01%) and methylparaben (0.05%) were finally incorporated and mixed well to obtain a uniform gel.
In order to formulate Garlic gel used for gengevitis cases where the garlic extract has anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic activities and strong healing effect, the sample B was selected due to it has the highest activity in treatments and low toxicity as mentionede above
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EG2008/000003 WO2009092387A2 (en) | 2008-01-22 | 2008-01-22 | Pharmaceutical composition containing a garlic extract |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EG2008/000003 WO2009092387A2 (en) | 2008-01-22 | 2008-01-22 | Pharmaceutical composition containing a garlic extract |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009092387A2 true WO2009092387A2 (en) | 2009-07-30 |
| WO2009092387A3 WO2009092387A3 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EG2008/000003 Ceased WO2009092387A2 (en) | 2008-01-22 | 2008-01-22 | Pharmaceutical composition containing a garlic extract |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| WO (1) | WO2009092387A2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116570729A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-08-11 | 温州医科大学附属口腔医院 | A kind of dendritic polypeptide nanogel with hydrogen sulfide electrostatically adsorbed on montmorillonite and its preparation method |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6231865B1 (en) * | 1998-03-26 | 2001-05-15 | Safer Gro Laboratories, Inc. | Natural pesticide |
| US20050232868A1 (en) * | 1999-10-19 | 2005-10-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Methods of entrapping, inactivating, and removing viral infections by the administration of respiratory tract compositions |
| US7291349B2 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2007-11-06 | Suman Preet Singh Khanuja | Anti-dermatophytic preparation and use thereof |
| GB2452189B (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2009-07-15 | James Steven Brown | Sanitizing composition to Facilitate enforcement of Hand Hygiene Conditions |
-
2008
- 2008-01-22 WO PCT/EG2008/000003 patent/WO2009092387A2/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116570729A (en) * | 2023-05-17 | 2023-08-11 | 温州医科大学附属口腔医院 | A kind of dendritic polypeptide nanogel with hydrogen sulfide electrostatically adsorbed on montmorillonite and its preparation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009092387A3 (en) | 2009-10-01 |
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