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WO2008119183A1 - Système de construction - Google Patents

Système de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008119183A1
WO2008119183A1 PCT/CA2008/000619 CA2008000619W WO2008119183A1 WO 2008119183 A1 WO2008119183 A1 WO 2008119183A1 CA 2008000619 W CA2008000619 W CA 2008000619W WO 2008119183 A1 WO2008119183 A1 WO 2008119183A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clip
kit
parts
chords
clips
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CA2008/000619
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jack Slater
Ping Guo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
INTERNATIONAL FRAMING INDUSTRIES Inc
Original Assignee
INTERNATIONAL FRAMING INDUSTRIES Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by INTERNATIONAL FRAMING INDUSTRIES Inc filed Critical INTERNATIONAL FRAMING INDUSTRIES Inc
Publication of WO2008119183A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008119183A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E04C3/09—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/11—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with non-parallel upper and lower edges, e.g. roof trusses
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/32—Columns; Pillars; Struts of metal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2415—Brackets, gussets, joining plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2448—Connections between open section profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2466—Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2472—Elongated load-supporting part formed from a number of parallel profiles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2481—Details of wall panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/2484—Details of floor panels or slabs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
    • E04B2001/249—Structures with a sloping roof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
    • E04B2002/565—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members with a brick veneer facing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0408—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0413—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by assembly or the cross-section being built up from several parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0452—H- or I-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0465—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section square- or rectangular-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0469—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section triangular-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
    • E04C2003/0491—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in one single surface or in several parallel surfaces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a beam for use in a frame for building structures such as walls, floors, roofs, etc , the beam having a pair of spaced apart chords joined by clips
  • the invention concerns the clips which join the chords, the assembled beam, the frame including such beams, and methods for assembling the beam and frame
  • Wood beam used as a stud or a joist is still in common use
  • Wood is becoming increasingly expensive and should be treated to prevent rot and possible insect infestation
  • Wood may also warp and may be of inconsistent quality
  • a general characteristic of a wood beam is that a beam of given dimensions has particular load bearing characteristics, and increasing the load bearing characteristics of a frame constructed of wood beams generally requires using a greater number of beams or beams of increased cross-dimension Wood, being a solid material, also requires holes to be drilled for the passage of concealed wires, etc , through the beams of a floor, or wall Wood beams nevertheless have an advantage of being easily cut to fit a particular application, although a certain amount of pre-fabrication of wooden building frames has become common
  • an architect or designer determines the load which the structure is required to bear Load bearing beams are selected from those which are available Consideration is given to material characteristics, such as weight, cost, beam spacing and dimension required to bear the required load
  • material characteristics such as weight, cost, beam spacing and dimension required to bear the required load
  • An architect is limited by these considerations For example, an architect may prefer to use 6" deep wood joists in a floor, but finds that to meet the determined load requirement, the joists must be spaced no more than 14" apart Standard sub-flooring materials require joists spaced at 48" intervals
  • a common solution to this problem would be simply over-build the floor by using the 6" deep wooden joists spaced 12" apart This would result in the use of more material and labor necessary than to simply meet the determined load bearing capacity
  • An alternative solution might be to use 8" deep wooden joists spaced 16" apart, but this changes the depth, i e thickness, of the floor which may be undesirable or even not possible within the constraints of a particular situation
  • the approach of the present invention is to provide load bearing members of a building structure, such as beams for wall studs, floor joists and roof trusses, which are tailored such that the load requirements of a particular building structure are met
  • a beam is assembled to include a pair of component chords and at least one clip, which are selected from a set of chords and clips according to a recipe
  • the recipe indicates beam spacing within the frame, the type of chord, the type of clips and the number and position of clips to be included in each beam
  • the present invention thus provides, in one aspect, a beam kit of parts
  • the kit includes standard chords and clips These are assembled into beams according to a recipe and included in the frame of a structure having a required load-bearing capacity according to predetermined criteria
  • the recipe for beam assembly indicates which type of chords to include in each beam, and the number and type of clips to be included
  • the predetermined criteria indicate the spacing of beams necessary for the required load bearing capacity of the structure
  • the set of chords include generally "T" shaped chords formed from a flat length of metal, being steel, aluminum or other such composite material, by a rolled-form process, or other similar shaping process, leaving an opening at the end of the elongate vertical portion of the "T" shaped chord
  • Two chords are connected together by clips formed from metal, being steel, aluminum or other such composite material, by a rolled-form process, or other similar shaping process
  • a clip may be a plate clip, a tubular clip or other clip, depending on the strength requirements of the desired beam
  • the clips have tag portions which fit inside the opening at the ends of the elongate portion of the "T" shaped chords, at which points the clips may be fastened to the chords by fastening means, such as clinching, screwing or bolting Clips are preferably dimensioned such that an assembled beam is of a depth which may be used with conventional building materials
  • the present invention also includes methods for assembling beams and constructing frames, walls, floors, ceilings, trusses and other building forms from such beams
  • a method for assembling a beam for use as part of a frame of a building structure having a required load bearing capacity includes selecting a combination of chords and clips according to a recipe, positioning a first clip and chord in a predetermined position, fastening the clip and chord according to a recipe, positioning a second chord in a position parallel to the first chord and for fastening to the clip and fastening the second chord and clip together according to a recipe.
  • a method for constructing a frame for a load-bearing building structure includes determining the load required to be borne by the structure; determining beam spacing and beam dimensions required for the frame to bear the load according to predetermined criteria; assembling beams by fastening together standard chords and clips according to a recipe indicating the number of clips and the types of clips and chords to be included in each beam and incorporating so assembled beams as part of the frame to have the determined spacing.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a beam fabricated from two chords and a plate clip
  • FIG. 2a is a cross-sectional view of a standard chord.
  • FIG. 2b is a cross-sectional view of an expanded chord
  • FIG. 3a is a perspective view of a plate clip
  • FIG. 3b is a cross-sectional view of a plate clip
  • FIG. 4a is a side perspective view of a tubular clip
  • FIG. 4b is a front perspective view of a tubular clip
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a beam fabricated from two standard chords and a plate clip
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an alternate beam fabricated from two expanded chords and a plate clip
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a beam fabricated from two expanded chords and two tubular clips;
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a beam connected to a bottom track;
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a beam connected to a top track
  • FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a corner detail fabricated from two bottom tracks and two beams
  • FIG. 11a is an isometric view of a joist end connection connecting the end of a joist to a top track and a beam;
  • FIG. 11 b is a cross-sectional view of a joist end connection;
  • FIG. 12 is an interactive view of a joist end insert into a chord
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a building structure fabricated from beams, tracks and joists;
  • FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a truss fabricated from chords, tubular clips and brackets;
  • FIG. 15a is a perspective view of a beam with a brick connector;
  • FIG. 15b is a cross-sectional view of a beam with a brick connector
  • FIG. 16 is a side view of a two beams with a concrete floor between them and a brick outer surface attached with the aid of a brick connector;
  • FIG. 17 is a side view of a beam with a stucco surface attached to the outer surface of the beam and a drywall surface attached to the inside of the beam;
  • FIG. 18 is a side view of a beam with a metal surface attached to the outer surface of the beam and a metal surface attached to the inside surface of the beam;
  • FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a window detail
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a door detail
  • FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a cross chord connector
  • FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a building structure fabricated from beams, joists, trusses, a window detail and a door detail;
  • FIG. 23 is a view of a truss.
  • FIG. 24 is a perspective view of an alternative shape for a plate clip.
  • FIG. 25 is a perspective view of an alternative shape for a plate clip.
  • Figure 1 shows a portion of a preferred embodiment beam 20.
  • Beam 20 includes a pair of spaced apart chords 22 held together by plate clip 24 secured to each chord 22 by fastening means, such as clinching, screwing or bolting.
  • Figure 2a shows the cross-section of a standard chord 22.
  • the standard chord 22 has a cross-section that is generally "T" shaped which can be formed from a flat length of metal, being steel, aluminum or other such composite material, by a rolled-form process, or other similar shaping process.
  • This forms a standard chord 22 with a top portion 21 , opposing side wall portions 25 of length y, two connecting portions 27 and an elongate portion 29 of length x.
  • An opening 26 is formed at the distal end of the elongate portion 29 of standard chord 22 between two substantially parallel members 23 of the elongate portion 29.
  • a depression 28 is formed in the top portion of standard chord 22.
  • Figure 2b shows the cross-section of an expanded chord 32.
  • the expanded chord 32 has a cross-section that is generally "T" shaped which can be formed from a flat length of metal, being steel, aluminum or other such composite material, by a rolled-form process, or other similar shaping process.
  • This forms an expanded chord 32 with a top portion 31 , opposing expanded side wall portions 35 of length y', two connecting portions 37 and an elongate portion 39 of length x'.
  • An opening 36 is formed at the distal end of the elongate portion 39 of standard chord 32 between two substantially parallel members 33 of the elongate portion 39.
  • a depression 38 is formed in the top portion of expanded chord 32.
  • the length x and x' of the chords 22 and 32 as shown in Figures 2a and 2b is sufficient to permit the entry of the tag portions 64 of plate clip 24 or tubular clip 100, as shown in Figures 3a, 3b, 4a and 4b, into the openings 26 and 36 of the standard chord 22 and the expanded chord 32, respectively.
  • the minimum length y of the side wall portion 25 of the standard chord 22 is % of length x of the elongate portion 29 of the standard chord 22.
  • the minimum length y of the side wall portion 25 of the standard chord 22 is about %" to permit the standard chord 22 to maintain its structural integrity.
  • the length y of the standard chord 22 may be easily expanded to the length y 1 of the expanded chord 32 in the forming process.
  • the expanded chord 32 exhibits increased strength as compared to the standard chord 22.
  • the length y' may be increased to about 4 times the length x', or preferably about 4", while maintaining the benefits of its increased strength with minimal changes in manufacturing.
  • the varying lengths of y' results in the various chord profiles for use in the present invention.
  • a plate clip 24 may be used.
  • the plate clip 24 is comprised of a single flat piece of metal.
  • the plate clip 24 has a pair of tag portions 64 at opposing ends.
  • the tag portions 64 have a thickness that is less than the width of the opening 26 of the standard chord 22 and the opening 36 of the expanded chord 32, so as to permit entry therein.
  • the plate clip 24 may have an opening 68 formed in its central portion through which wires and cable may be passed.
  • a smooth return 69 is formed around the edge of the opening 68 on one side of the opening 68 by punching the opening 68 using a die to cause a lip to be formed which is then pressed down to form the smooth return 69 to reduce friction on wires and cables passing through the opening 68.
  • the plate clip 24 has indentations 65 on the non-tag portion. The indentations 65 provide increased strength for the plate clip 24, while acting as stops for the insertion of the tag portions 64 into the openings 26 and 36 of the standard chord 22 and the expanded chord 32, respectively.
  • the indentations 65 may be any shape and configuration, while indentations that are elongate and which are at a 45 degree angle to the edges of the tag portions 64 maximize the increased strength to the plate clip 24.
  • Figure 24 illustrates an alternative shape for a plate clip, being trapezoidal with returns 61 on the sides not having the tag portions 64, and angled indentations 65, which further increases the strength of a resulting beam.
  • Figure 25 illustrates another alternative shape for a plate clip, being rectangular.
  • FIGs 4a and 4b illustrate tubular clips 100 which are formed from a tubular length of metal or other composite which is flattened at each end to form tag portions 104 at opposing ends of a central portion 102.
  • two chords 22 are joined together by tubular clips 100 by inserting the tag portions 104 of the tubular clips 100 into the openings 26 of the chords 22 and fixing the tubular clips 100 to the chords 22 by clinching or other fastening means.
  • the angle between two tubular clips may be varied, with an angle of 45 degrees providing the maximum strength for the resulting beam.
  • the length of the central portion 102 may be increased or decreased to provide the desired width between beams.
  • Figure 5 shows a cross-sectional view of beam 20 with the tag portions 64 of a plate clip 24 inserted within openings 26 of chords 22 and fixed together by clinching means applied in the areas and directions indicated by the arrows
  • Figure 6 illustrates a beam 80 assembled from two expanded chords 32 and a plate clip 24
  • Figure 8 illustrates a typical connection of beam 20 installed as a stud in bottom track 110 having bed 112 and walls 1 14 As shown in Figure 8, the beam 20 is lowered onto the bottom track 110 and is fixed at point 1 16 to the bottom track 110 by fastening means, such as screwing or bolting
  • the bottom track 1 10 may be fastened directly to a supporting concrete floor, for example, by a concrete anchor
  • Figure 9 illustrates a typical connection of beam 20 installed as a stud in Top track 120 having bed 122 and walls 124 As shown in Figure 9, the top track 120 is lowered onto the beam 20 and is fixed at point 126 to the beam 20 by fastening means, such as screwing or bolting The top track 120 may be fastened directly to a supporting concrete floor, for example, by a concrete anchor
  • bottom tracks 110a and 110b are mitered at a right angle and beams 20a, 20b and 20c are fastened to bottom tracks 1 10a and 110b, respectively, at the taps 126, not shown
  • the beams 20a, 20b and 20c are fastened by screws or other similar fastening means 132 to upstanding track walls 1 14a and 114b, respectively
  • a joist end connection is shown in Figures 11a and 11b
  • a beam 20 used as a vertical stud is connected to a top track 120
  • a joist beam 140 is assembled from two expanded chords 32b and 32c and two tubular clips 100a and 100b
  • a short piece of standard chord 22a is fixed to the top of the top track 120 by fastening means, such as a screw, with its opening 26a positioned away from the top track 120
  • the upper chord 32b of the joist beam 140 extends over the top track 120 with its opening 36b positioned towards the top track 120.
  • one substantially parallel member 23a of the elongate portion 29a of chord piece 22a is fitted into the opening 36b of chord 32b and one substantially parallel member 33b of the elongate portion 39a of chord 32b is fitted into the opening 26a of chord piece 22a.
  • the elongate portions 29a and 39b are fixed together by fastening means, such as clinching, screwing or bolting.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a joist end insert 94 inserted into the end of an expanded chord 32 which may be used to fabricate a beam for use as a joist.
  • the joist end insert 94 may be made from metal or other composite material.
  • the joist end insert 94 may be used to increase the load capacity of a joist.
  • FIG. 13 A portion of a building frame, having studs and joist made from beams assembled from the present invention is shown in Figure 13. Beams assembled pursuant to the present invention are used as studs, such as beam 20, and joists, such as joist beam 140, and are connected to top tracks 120 and bottom tracks 110.
  • Figure 14 shows a view of a portion of truss 220.
  • Chords 22a and 22b are connected together by tubular clips 100.
  • a truss bracket 222 may be fixed by fastening means 226, such as clinching, screwing or bolting, to chords 22a and 22b above top track 120 supported by beam 20 used as a stud.
  • a length of chord 22 may be used in place of a truss bracket 222.
  • An angle bracket 224 is fixed to chord 22a and chord piece 22c by fastening means, such as clinching, screwing or bolting.
  • Chord piece 22c is fixed to beam 20 by support bracket 228.
  • FIGS. 15a and 15b show a brick connector 150 for beam 20 installed included as a stud as part of a wall frame.
  • Brick connector 150 includes sheet metal trough with walls 152, 154 and base 156 secured to beam 20 by fastening means, such as screws.
  • Lateral extension 158 having aperture 160 for receipt of tie wire 162 provides for connection of a brick veneer wall to the beam in a manner familiar to those skilled in the art, and illustrated further below.
  • Beam 20 installed as part of an outer wall is illustrated in Figure 16.
  • the wall includes exterior sheathing 172 which may be fastened directly to beam 20 by conventional means appropriate for the sheathing.
  • Sheathing may include any conventional building component such as rigid insulation fastened by any suitable conventional manner directly to frame beams.
  • Water barrier 174 inhibits ingress of water into the area of wall-floor joint 176 and flashing 180 directs any water flow to weep holes 182.
  • the weep holes are located above angle shelf 184 anchored directly to concrete slab 186, supported by joist 140, by anchor 188 and elastic sealant 190 and sealant back-up 192 are between upper brick layer 194 and shelf 184.
  • Material to be concealed within a wall may be installed to pass between chords of a beam without the need for drilling holes, as with solid beams.
  • insulation may be located between beams 20 and spaced apart chords 22a and 22b of beams of the wall frame. It will be appreciated that plate clips 24 connecting inner chords 22a and outer chords 22b act as a reduced thermal bridge between the outer and inner portions of an external wall than if a unitary metal beam were used.
  • Beam 20 may be installed as part of an outer wall as illustrated in Figure 17.
  • a primary surface 210 such as cement board or plywood, may be fixed directly to the outer chord 22a of beam 20 by any suitable conventional manner.
  • Rigid insulation 212 may be applied to the primary surface 210 by conventional means.
  • Insulation 218 may be located between beams 20 and spaced apart chords 22a and 22b of beam 20 of the wall frame.
  • Stucco 214 may be applied to the rigid insulation 212 by conventional means to create a finished outer surface.
  • Drywall 220 may be applied to the inner chord 22b to create an inner surface.
  • Beam 20 may be installed as part of an outer wall as illustrated in Figure 18.
  • a sheathing 230 may be fixed directly to the outer chord 22a of beam 20 by any suitable conventional manner.
  • Exterior metal rain screen 232 is fixed to the sheathing 230 by continuous horizontal subgirt 234 by fastening means, such as sheet metal screws 236 between exterior metal rain screen 232 and outer chord 22a.
  • Insulation 218 may be located between beams 20 and spaced apart chords 22a and 22b of beam 20 of the wall frame.
  • Sheathing 230 may be applied to the inner chord 22b to create an inner surface.
  • Exemplary building components including beams of the present invention are shown in Figures 19 and 20, illustrating a window component 130 and a door component 135, respectively.
  • the horizontal chord pieces 22a are fixed to vertical beams 20 by cross chord connectors 96, illustrated in Figure 21, and fastening means, such as screwing or bolting.
  • An exemplary building including beams of the present invention is shown in Figure 22, various components being indicated as discussed above.
  • the strength of a beam may be tailored to suit a particular framing application by the use of chords of a particular strength and by the use of clips having a particular size and shape and by the use of particular configurations for fastening the clips and chords together. Examples of the manner in which a beam of the preferred embodiment is tailored for particular applications are given below.
  • Chords and clips of the illustrated embodiment may be made from galvanized steel, ASTM A513-35Y.
  • the gauge of steel depends upon the strength requirements of the application for which the beam is to be used, and is generally in the range between 22 GA and 14 GA.
  • the chords and clips may also be manufactured from aluminum or other composite materials
  • the preferred embodiment beam is shown in use as part of frames for various building structures It will be appreciated that in certain contexts the beam is used in place of a conventional stud, joist, etc but that the beam has additional uses as well
  • beam 20 may be supplied as a "kit of parts" including unassembled chords and clips The beam may thus be shipped and stored compactly and assembled at a building construction site or possibly by a manufacturer prior to shipment
  • Example 1 illustrates the fabrication of a wall stud 8 feet in length
  • the Depth refers to the outside dimension
  • the Chord Type refers to the nature of the cross-section profile of the chord, where 1 refers to the standard chord with measurement "y” approximately equal to %" and where 2, 3 and 4 refer to the expanded side wall chord with measurement “y1" approximately equal to V 2 ", VA” and 2Vi", respectively
  • the Gauge refers to the thickness of the steel, where 20, 18 and 16 refer to thicknesses of 0 032", 0 044" and 0 06", respectively
  • the Clip Type refers to the kind of clip to be used, where 1 refers to a tubular clip 1" in diameter and 2 refers to a plate clip.
  • the clips used in any given wall stud are all of the same dimension from tag portion to tag portion.
  • the number of clips refers to the quantity of clips to be used, where there is always one clip approximately 2" from each end of the beam and the remaining clips are distributed such that the center points of all clips are equally spaced from one another. Where more than one number is indicated for the number of clips and gauges, the first number of clips is matched with the first gauge number and each subsequent number of clips is matched with each subsequent gauge number. In the event that clips of different gauges are to be used in the same beam, the thicker clip(s) is/are to be affixed in the positions lowest to the bottom of the beam.
  • the desired wind load is chosen from the table, indicating the appropriate row of information.
  • the type and gauge of chord is referenced in the corresponding column in that row.
  • the number and type and gauge of clips is also referenced from the corresponding column in that row.
  • the wall stud is then fabricated by inserting the clips within the chords in the positions indicated by the above noted recipe and fastening the clips to the chords.
  • Example 2 illustrates the fabrication of a floor joist 10 feet in length.
  • the Depth refers to the outside dimension.
  • the Chord Type refers to the nature of the cross-section profile of the chord, where 1 refers to the standard chord with measurement "y” approximately equal to %" and where 2, 3 and 4 refer to the expanded side wall chord with measurement “y1" approximately equal to Vz", 1VS" and 2Vi", respectively.
  • the Gauge refers to the thickness of the steel, where 20, 18 and 16 refer to thicknesses of 0.032", 0.044" and 0.06", respectively.
  • the Clip Type refers to the kind of clip to be used, where 1 refers to a tubular clip 1" in diameter and 2 refers to a plate clip.
  • the number of clips refers to the number of sets of two clips to be used, where a set of clips comprises two tubular clips attached to the bottom chord at approximately the same location at an angle to each other that is approximately 90 degrees
  • the clips used in any given joist are all of the same length
  • the clip sets are positioned with the outer upper connection of a clip set approximately 2" from each end of the top chord
  • the remaining clip sets are spaced such that the center of the bottom connection points are equidistant from each other
  • the desired factored load is chosen from the table, indicating the appropriate row of information
  • the type and gauge of top chord and bottom chord is referenced in the corresponding column in that row
  • the number of clip sets and gauge of clip is also referenced from the corresponding column in that row
  • the floor joist is then fabricated by inserting the clips within the chords in the positions indicated by the above noted recipe and fastening the clips to the chords
  • Example 3 illustrates the fabrication of a truss 30 feet in span
  • the Height refers to the distance between the bottom chord of the truss and the peak of the truss
  • the Chord Type refers to the nature of the cross-section profile of the chord, where 1 refers to the standard chord with measurement "y" approximately equal to Y," and where 2, 3 and 4 refer to the expanded side wall chord with measurement “y1" approximately equal to Vz", 1V.” and 214", respectively
  • the Gauge refers to the thickness of the steel, where 20, 18 and 16 refer to thicknesses of 0 032", 0 044" and 0 06", respectively
  • the Clip Type refers to the kind of clip to be used, where 1 refers to a tubular clip 1" in diameter and 2 refers to a plate clip
  • the Quantity refers to the number of clips used in the truss
  • the clips used in any given truss are not all of the same length
  • the truss clips are positioned according to the configuration chosen from those which
  • a double clip is two clips that are placed side-by-side within the plane created by the chords such that the position equidistant between the centers of each clip is centered on the position that would otherwise be occupied by a single clip.
  • a triple clip is three clips that are placed side by side within the plane created by the chords such that the position of the center of the middle clip is centered on the position that would otherwise be occupied by a single clip.
  • the desired loads are chosen from the table, indicating the appropriate row of information.
  • the type and gauge of top chords and bottom chord is referenced in the corresponding column in that row.
  • the number of clips and gauge of clip is also referenced from the corresponding column in that row.
  • the truss is then fabricated by inserting the clips within the chords in the positions indicated by the above noted recipe and fastening the clips to the chords.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

Le système de construction selon l'invention donne à un concepteur de bâtiment la possibilité de prendre en compte les différentes charges qu'une structure doit supporter pour déterminer et concevoir les composants de cette même structure, tels que les murs, les planchers et les fermes, et de fabriquer ces composants à l'aide de membrures et d'agrafes. Les agrafes et les membrures sont conçues de manière à ce que les agrafes puissent être placées à n'importe quel emplacement souhaité à l'intérieur des membrures, en fonction de ce qui est nécessaire pour supporter la charge. Ces membrures et agrafes possèdent des caractéristiques variables, ce qui permet d'assembler des composants en respectant des exigences qui sont, elles aussi, variables.
PCT/CA2008/000619 2007-04-03 2008-04-01 Système de construction Ceased WO2008119183A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/696,081 US20080245025A1 (en) 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 Building system
US11/696,081 2007-04-03

Publications (1)

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WO2008119183A1 true WO2008119183A1 (fr) 2008-10-09

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WO (1) WO2008119183A1 (fr)

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ITGE20110072A1 (it) * 2011-07-04 2013-01-05 Valter Decia Elemento a traliccio e struttura modulare autoportante
EP2764176A4 (fr) * 2011-10-05 2015-03-11 Dan Pal Système de ferme

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JP6289874B2 (ja) * 2013-11-13 2018-03-07 トヨタホーム株式会社 建物の壁構造
US9316015B1 (en) * 2014-02-21 2016-04-19 Specialty Hardware L.P. Shelter for protection against wind and blast events
JP6324765B2 (ja) * 2014-03-14 2018-05-16 大和ハウス工業株式会社 鉄骨造建築物における耐力壁門形設置構造
US10851539B2 (en) * 2017-01-16 2020-12-01 Allen Innovations, Llc Bridging termination clip
WO2020071179A1 (fr) * 2018-10-02 2020-04-09 日本製鉄株式会社 Faisceau de support
US12497797B2 (en) * 2022-02-28 2025-12-16 John W. Fuller Natural disaster shelter/pre-fabricated house

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US5605024A (en) * 1994-02-07 1997-02-25 Sucato; Edward Stud assembly
US5771653A (en) * 1995-10-12 1998-06-30 Unimast Incorporated Chord for use as the upper and lower chords of a roof truss
US6199341B1 (en) * 1999-02-23 2001-03-13 Bethlehem Steel Corporation Connection for a lightweight steel frame system
US7086208B2 (en) * 2000-06-27 2006-08-08 Nci Building Systems, L.P. Structural member for use in the construction of buildings
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WO2013005163A1 (fr) * 2011-07-04 2013-01-10 Valter Decia Élément de treillis et structure modulaire auto-supportée
EP2764176A4 (fr) * 2011-10-05 2015-03-11 Dan Pal Système de ferme

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