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WO2008106691A1 - Téléchargement de dvd - Google Patents

Téléchargement de dvd Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008106691A1
WO2008106691A1 PCT/US2008/055722 US2008055722W WO2008106691A1 WO 2008106691 A1 WO2008106691 A1 WO 2008106691A1 US 2008055722 W US2008055722 W US 2008055722W WO 2008106691 A1 WO2008106691 A1 WO 2008106691A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wobble
signal
dvd
disc
pll
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2008/055722
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David L. Blankenbeckler
Charles R. Watt, Jr.
Randal C. Hines
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DPHI Acquisitions Inc
Original Assignee
DPHI Acquisitions Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DPHI Acquisitions Inc filed Critical DPHI Acquisitions Inc
Publication of WO2008106691A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008106691A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/14—Digital recording or reproducing using self-clocking codes
    • G11B20/1403—Digital recording or reproducing using self-clocking codes characterised by the use of two levels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to digital rights management. More particularly, the present invention relates to the secure access of storage mediums.
  • Digital content such as movies stored under the Digital Video Disc (DVD) format represents a considerable source of profits to a content provider such as a studio.
  • DVD Digital Video Disc
  • the content scrambling system (CSS) was developed under the control of the DVD Copy Control Association. All conventional read-only DVDs (DVD-ROMs) are encrypted according to the CSS protocol using a 40-bit title key.
  • Each media key block has a table having an entry according to each player key such that each entry in the table corresponds to a hash of the disc key with the corresponding player key.
  • a DVD-ROM player may thus read the appropriate entry in the media key block (corresponding to player keys the player has been instantiated with) and recover the disc key through an appropriate hash of the table entry with the player key.
  • Another entry in the media key block represents a hash of the disc key itself so that the player may verify it has correctly recovered the disc key by performing this self -hash of the disc and checking the results against the corresponding media key block entry.
  • DVD-ROM player may then read the encrypted title key and recover the title key using the disc key, whereupon the DVD-ROM player may begin decrypting the corresponding video content so that it may be displayed to a user.
  • Recordable DVD formats have also been developed. For example, DVD-R,
  • DVD+R, DVD+RW, and DVD-RAM are all formats recognized by the DVD forum.
  • these formats are not compatible with conventional DVD-ROM players.
  • a user may burn a DVD-R (for example) disc but such a disc cannot normally be played on a DVD-ROM player.
  • all recordable DVD formats record their data on a grooved disk that is modulated in sinusoidal fashion so that a drive can read and compare it with a timing signal for precise rotation of a disc.
  • the DVD-ROM format on the other hand, has no wobble. This incompatibility ultimately represented a problem for the DVD industry because the growth rates for DVD sales have matured.
  • DVD-Download DVD Download Disc for CSS Managed Recording
  • DVD-Download standard thus allows content providers to begin to grow sales analogous to the growth enjoyed by the music download industry
  • SOC system-on-chip
  • a manufacturer must produce a custom SOC to support the DVD-Download standard, which is a very expensive undertaking.
  • a CSS-compatible format such as the
  • DVD-Download format requires each disc to have the appropriate media key block. It is cumbersome and expensive for the disc manufacturer to create blank media-key-block- containing-DVD-Download-compatible discs before shipping to an end user, who would then record the disc using a DVD-Download-compatible recorder. Accordingly, there is a need in the art for media key block initialization procedures for DVD-Download- compatible recorders.
  • a method of configuring a DVD-R formatted recorder to record 2X wobble discs includes: configuring a wobble PLL within the recorder to lock on the first sub-harmonic of a wobble signal from the 2X wobble disc to produce a wobble clock output signal; determining whether the wobble clock output signal is phased properly so that the recorder may decode land prepit (LPP) addresses; and if the wobble clock output signal is not phased properly, unlocking and relocking the wobble PLL.
  • LPP land prepit
  • a method of configuring a DVD-R recorder to record 2X wobble discs, the DVD-R recorder including a wobble PLL having a square wave input includes: providing a phase-locked loop to lock to a 2X wobble signal; dividing a output from the phase-locked loop by two to produce a square -wave IX signal; and providing the square-wave IX signal to the wobble PLL so that the wobble PLL may lock to the IX square-wave signal to produce a IX wobble clock output signal.
  • a method of initializing a 2X wobble disc at a DVD-R recorder includes: generating a pseudo-random number; generating a disc key from the pseudo-random number; retrieving a plurality of player keys from a memory; generating a media key block using the player keys and the generated disc key; and writing the media key block to the 2X wobble disc.
  • a method of initializing a 2X wobble disc at a DVD-R recorder includes: generating a random number; selecting a disc key from a stored plurality of disc keys based on the random number; retrieving a plurality of player keys from a memory; generating a media key block using the player keys and the selected disc key; and writing the media key block to the 2X wobble disc.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the relationship between a IX wobble signal and the land prepits
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a phase-locked loop (PLL) configured to lock on the first subharmonic for operation within a DVD-R DVD Download recorder according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • PLL phase-locked loop
  • Figure 3 illustrates the relationship between a 2X wobble signal and the land prepits and the resulting wobble clock as derived by the PLL of Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 illustrates 2X wobble circuitry that may be added to a conventional DVD-
  • R recorder to enable recording on 2X wobble discs.
  • both the DVD-R and DVD+R formats use a wobbled disc (as do other recordable DVD formats).
  • DVD-R and the competing DVD+R differ on how the player/recorder determines the position of the laser beam on the disk.
  • special lands denoted as land prepits (LPPs) are formed on every other wobble as shown in Figure 1. These prepits are absent in the DVD+R format.
  • LPPs land prepits
  • an optical pickup unit includes several photodetectors so that a push-pull signal may be formed (among other optical signals such as focus error signal and a tracking error signal). This push-pull signal will be denoted as a wobble input signal in the following discussion.
  • each positive zero crossing of the wobble clock is synchronous with the positive zero crossing of the sinusoidal IX wobble signal.
  • Each LPP is located 90 degrees (a quarter cycle) before the positive zero crossing of the IX wobble as shown in Figure 1.
  • the firmware of the DVD-R recorder player is programmed such that the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) in the PLL operates at 1 A the frequency seen in the wobble signal.
  • VCO voltage-controlled oscillator
  • a typical DVD-R SOC will have a circuit such as a register that controls the nominal frequency relationship between the wobble input signal and the VCO output signal.
  • the SOCs firmware may be programmed to write to this register so as to create the desired nominal frequency relationship as will be discussed further.
  • Most PLLs can operate in a phase-only mode wherein the PLL' s phase detector will measure the phase error of the nearest zero crossing (of the push-pull signal) relative to the divided-down VCO clock output signal.
  • the SOCs firmware may first allow the PLL to lock onto the 2X wobble input signal. In such a case, the nominal frequency relationship between the input and output frequencies for the PLL is 1:1. The SOCs firmware would then force a nominal 2:1 relationship between the input and output frequencies though, for example, a write to a register that controls the VCO's nominal operating frequency.
  • a PLL 200 is illustrated that receives a wobble input signal 205 that is obtained from a DVD Download disc (thus oscillating at 0.2814 MHz or 2X wobble frequency). Because the VCO within PLL 200 is programmed to nominally operate at Vi the wobble input signal's frequency, a VCO output signal 210 feeds back to the PLL as a reference signal Fref oscillating at a IX wobble rate (0.1407 MHz).
  • the VCO output signal may thus form a IX wobble clock that is processed by the SOC in a conventional fashion.
  • PLL's generally have two modes of operation. In a first mode of operation, the PLL uses a phase detector to compare a feedback signal derived from the VCO output signal to the wobble input signal. In a second mode of operation, the PLL uses a phase/frequency detector to compare the feedback signal to the wobble input signal. A phase detector mode of operation would be desired for 2X wobble operation because such a mode of operation makes the PLL insensitive to media imperfections that produce extra or missing cycles in the wobble input signal.
  • a 2X wobble signal is illustrated in Figure 3. In the DVD Download format, an
  • LPP is encoded on every other cycle of the 2X wobble. It may be seen that a IX wobble clock 210 as discussed with regard to Figure 2 has the proper phase relationship with each LPP in that each LPP occurs 90 degrees before a positive zero crossing of IX wobble clock 210. However, note that PLL 200 could have locked 180 degrees out of phase with the relationship shown in Figure 3. Thus, whereas Figure 3 shows each LPP 45 degrees before the positive zero crossing of IX wobble clock 210, an equally valid lock for PLL 200 would have each LPP occur 225 degrees before each positive zero crossing. To place the LPP in the desired phase relationship of 90 degrees before each zero crossing (as discussed with regard to Figure 1), PLL 200 is programmed so as to produce a 45 degree phase shift in IX wobble clock 210.
  • the two possible LPP positions would thus be either -90 degrees or -270 degrees with respect to each wobble clock positive zero crossing. Because the standard SOC expects the -90 degree relationship, such a phase relationship is compatible with conventional DVD-R address decoding of the LPPs. At -270 degrees, however, the standard SOC will typically fail to decode LPP addresses.
  • the DVD-R recorder/player firmware may thus be programmed to unlock and relock the PLL (through, for example, a toggling of an acquire/track signal 215 shown in Figure 2) until valid prepit addresses are decoded.
  • the prepit address decoder in the SOC could be programmed (through an appropriate change in the firmware) to operate at -45 degree (such as shown with regard to Figure 3) rather than at a -90 degree window as discussed with regard to Figure 1.
  • the SOC may still be programmed to unlock and relock the PLL until valid prepit addresses are detected since a -45 degree detection window would fail if the prepits were locked at -225 degrees with respect to the IX wobble clock positive zero crossings.
  • an external divide-by-2 flip-flop could be used to divide down a square-wave version of the 2X wobble signal.
  • an existing SOC To interface with this external circuitry, an existing SOC must have the necessary input pins or pads. For example, it is common for an SOC to provide an output pin that carries the square-wave wobble input signal that would ordinarily be provided to the SOCs wobble PLL. In addition, it is common for an SOC to provide an input pin such that a user may force the SOCs wobble PLL to lock to a test signal provided over this input pin rather than to the square-wave wobble input signal that it would ordinarily otherwise lock to. To provide this externally-provided input signal to the existing PLL within the SOC, an external PLL 400 may be provided as shown in Figure 4.
  • This PLL 400 receives the square-wave wobble input signal oscillating at the 2X wobble frequency to provide a 2X wobble square wave VCO output signal 405.
  • PLL 400 runs in a phase-detector mode of operation through a track command from the SOCs firmware so as to filter the square- wave wobble input signal so that extra/missing wobble cycles (which will typically occur occasionally due to media imperfections) do not upset the resulting wobble clock. It will be appreciated that PLL 400 may also have a phase/frequency detector mode of operation if the SOCs firmware drives PLL 400 with an acquire command.
  • the firmware should drive the acquire/track command input to PLL 400 so that it operates in a phase only mode during write operations but initially locks in a phase/frequency mode to prevent locks to a harmonic of the square-wave 2X wobble input signal.
  • a divide-by-2 flip-flop 410 receives a VCO output signal 405 from external PLL 400 to produce a filtered IX wobble clock signal 415.
  • the SOCs wobble PLL (not illustrated) may lock to square wave signal 415 so as to operate in a conventional fashion.
  • the resulting IX wobble clock may be correctly phased or it may have locked 180 degrees out of a desired phase relationship to the LPPs.
  • Conventional SOCs typically provide an output pin that carries the LPP signal.
  • a second flip-flop 420 may be clocked off the LPP signal to latch signal 415 when the LPP signal is pulsed to provide a wobble phase signal 425.
  • the recorder/player firmware may then receive the phase signal 425 using, for example, a general purpose input output (GPIO) pin (not illustrated).
  • GPIO general purpose input output
  • the firmware may reset the phase by unlocking and relocking PLL 400.
  • a multiplexer may be provided (not illustrated) that selects between signal 415 and an inverted version of signal 415 to provide the wobble clock to the wobble PLL. If the firmware detects that phase signal 425 is not in the proper phase relationship to the LPP signal, it would then command a selection through the multiplexer of the inverted version of signal 415.
  • a firmware algorithm should determine the type of disc and either enable or disable this additional hardware depending upon whether the disc has a 2X wobble. For example, if the 2X wobble is not detected, the firmware would enable a bypass of the 2X wobble circuitry shown in Figure 4.
  • Each DVD Download disc is encrypted according to the CSS protocol. As discussed previously, it is cumbersome to require a manufacturer to insert the media key block into each blank DVD Download disc.
  • the recorder firmware may also detect whether a 2X wobble disc has been recorded to. If no data is seen, the firmware would initiate a random number generator to generate a 40-bit disc key.
  • the drive firmware would include the 409 (or currently active) CSS player keys.
  • the drive firmware may thus then perform the CS S -prescribed cryptographic methods to generate the CSS media key block using the 409 stored player keys and the generated disc key.
  • the newly- generated CSS media key may then be written to the disc lead-in control data zone as specified in the CSS protocol.
  • the probability of any one drive creating an identical media key block as compared to another drive is very small (approximately 2 "
  • each drive may have a subset (one or more) of disc keys stored in its firmware.
  • the drive firmware would include the 409 (or currently active) player keys.
  • the drive Upon detecting a new DVD Download disc, the drive generates a random number to select a disc key from the disc key set stored in its firmware.
  • the media key block may then be generated and written to the disc as discussed previously. It will be appreciated that the available disc key sets in such an embodiment could then be controlled by the DVD Copy Control Association but the media key blocks would still vary randomly from disc to disc, with the probability of duplicate media key blocks dependent on the number of disc keys available at any given drive.
  • the CSS player keys may be stored in a secure encrypted format in the drive non- volatile memory such as a flash memory. If the disc keys are also stored by the drive (rather than being randomly generated), the stored disc key set would also be stored in an encrypted fashion in the nonvolatile memory. Only upon detection of a new DVD Download disc would the drive decrypt these keys and start the disc initialization process.
  • the necessary algorithms may be implemented in RAM that is internal to the drive microprocessor such that key signals do not appear on external microprocessor busses.
  • the drive firmware may be configured so that it will only accept authenticated cipher text for firmware downloads. In such an embodiment, the existing drive firmware would download the update file to local memory so that it may be decrypted and authenticated before the flash or other non-volatile memory is updated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
  • Optical Recording Or Reproduction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne, dans un mode de réalisation, un procédé de configuration d'un enregistreur au format DVD-R pour enregistrer des disques oscillants 2X qui comprend : la configuration d'une boucle à verrouillage de phase oscillante dans l'enregistreur pour verrouiller la première sous-harmonique d'un signal d'entrée oscillant du disque oscillant 2X pour produire un signal de sortie d'horloge oscillant; la détermination du fait que le signal de sortie d'horloge oscillant est correctement en phase ou non de sorte que l'enregistreur puisse décoder les adresses de creux prétroués (LPP); et si le signal de sortie d'horloge ondulant n'est pas correctement en phase, le déverrouillage et le reverrouillage du PLL ondulant.
PCT/US2008/055722 2007-03-01 2008-03-03 Téléchargement de dvd Ceased WO2008106691A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US89247107P 2007-03-01 2007-03-01
US89246607P 2007-03-01 2007-03-01
US60/892,466 2007-03-01
US60/892,471 2007-03-01
US93839607P 2007-05-16 2007-05-16
US60/938,396 2007-05-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008106691A1 true WO2008106691A1 (fr) 2008-09-04

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PCT/US2008/055722 Ceased WO2008106691A1 (fr) 2007-03-01 2008-03-03 Téléchargement de dvd

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2008106691A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050094520A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Pierluigi Lo Muzio Wobble detection for playback of optical recording media
US20050154682A1 (en) * 2003-11-14 2005-07-14 Sonic Solutions Secure transfer of content to writable media
US20060109770A1 (en) * 2004-11-09 2006-05-25 Youichi Ogura Optical disc recording/playback apparatus
US20060203641A1 (en) * 1999-03-31 2006-09-14 Toshihiro Shigemori Recording clock generating apparatus for a data recording system
US20070033419A1 (en) * 2003-07-07 2007-02-08 Cryptography Research, Inc. Reprogrammable security for controlling piracy and enabling interactive content

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060203641A1 (en) * 1999-03-31 2006-09-14 Toshihiro Shigemori Recording clock generating apparatus for a data recording system
US20070033419A1 (en) * 2003-07-07 2007-02-08 Cryptography Research, Inc. Reprogrammable security for controlling piracy and enabling interactive content
US20050094520A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-05 Pierluigi Lo Muzio Wobble detection for playback of optical recording media
US20050154682A1 (en) * 2003-11-14 2005-07-14 Sonic Solutions Secure transfer of content to writable media
US20060109770A1 (en) * 2004-11-09 2006-05-25 Youichi Ogura Optical disc recording/playback apparatus

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