WO2008104139A1 - Protective device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a protective device (10) for the protection of an electrotechnical system, in particular for the protection of an electrical energy supply system, said protective device having a plurality of measurement inputs (M) and a plurality of functional modules that may be connected to the measurement inputs by user-end adjustment of the protective device such that the functional modules perform user-end defined protective functions and are able to send corresponding control signals for activating or deactivating associated switches of the electrotechnical system. Provision is made according to the invention for the protective device to make available functional groups, each of which may be associated with one or more functional modules as part of the device setting, wherein the functional modules and functional groups are configured such that a direct association between the functional modules and measurement inputs occurs, specifically by the association of the functional modules with a functional group and an association of the functional group with the respective measurement inputs.

Description

description

apparatus

The invention relates to a protective device with the features according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a protective device is marketed by Siemens AG under the product name 7UT633. The previously known protective device serves to protect an electrical system, in particular for the protection of an electrical energy supply system. The protective device has a plurality of measuring inputs and a plurality of functional modules, which can be connected to the measuring inputs by a user-side setting of the protective device in such a way that the function modules execute user-defined protective functions and corresponding control signals for switching on or off assigned switch the electrical system can spend.

Based on a protective device of the type described, the invention has for its object to provide a protective device that can be operated even easier and faster than previous protection devices and in which the likelihood of user-side input errors is lower than in previous protection devices.

This object is achieved according erfindungemäß by a protective device with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in subclaims.

According to the invention, it is provided that the protective device provides functional groups to which one or more functional modules can be assigned as part of the device setting, wherein the functional modules and the functional groups are designed such that an association between the functional modules and the measuring inputs takes place indirectly, and although by assigning the function mo- dule to a function group and assigning the function group to the respective measuring inputs.

A significant advantage of the protection device according to the invention is the fact that by assigning the function modules to function groups for all function modules that are part of the same functional group, the connection to the associated measurement inputs only once must be entered by namely for the associated function group of Function modules the corresponding measuring inputs are defined. If a function group contains, for example, three function modules to which the same measuring inputs are to be assigned, the input effort is only 33% compared to the input effort that would be necessary if - as with previously known protection devices - the measuring inputs are entered or specified separately for each function module have to.

A further advantage of the protective device according to the invention is that the merging of different functional modules into a functional group reduces the probability of errors in the configuration or setting of the protective device, because simply fewer user-side inputs are required than hitherto. It is always automatically ensured that all functional modules of a functional group are connected to the same measuring inputs, or the same measuring input system or the same measured value preprocessing unit.

A third significant advantage of the protective device according to the invention is that the user is forced by the invention enforced summary of functional modules to functional groups to make clear before programming or setting the protection device, as the specific protection tasks are to be solved. So a structured device setting is enforced. A fourth significant advantage of the protective device according to the invention is that function groups that have been formed by the user by assigning functional modules, can be used multiple times in a simple manner by resorting to the functional group definition and this is duplicated.

Function modules which can be assigned to the described functional groups can be designed, for example, according to or in accordance with the IEEE C37.2 standard; The following functional modules may be mentioned by way of example:

a) Protection-specific functional modules:

- Function module "overcurrent protection" according to or in accordance with the function module number 51 of the IEEE standard,

- Function module "Overvoltage contactor",

- Function module "power direction protection",

- Function module "thermal overload protection" and

- Function module "unbalanced load protection".

b) Switch-specific function modules:

- Function module "Breaker failure protection" according to or based on the function module number 50BF of the IEEE standard,

- Function module "reclosing protection" according to or based on the function module number 19 of the IEEE standard,

- Function module "Synchronization function" according to or based on the function module number 25 of the IEEE standard,

The above exemplary list should, of course, not be conclusive and should only serve the better understanding.

Within the scope of a preferred further development of the protective device, it is provided that the measuring inputs are formed by inputs from preprocessing units, and the input voltage and / or current measuring quantities are preprocessed into current and / or voltage measured values and output the current and / or voltage measured values are output to the assigned function groups.

The preprocessing units preferably have at least four different designs, namely a design for current connection to a three-phase system, a design for voltage connection to a three-phase system, a design with a current input for single-phase input of a current measurement variable, and a design with a voltage input for single-phase Input of a voltage measurement.

Particularly preferably, the protection device has a data processing system, the software modules in the form of software-related function modules and the functional groups tion groups software in the form of software-related

Provides function groups. Such a software-related solution offers the advantage that device changes are possible very quickly, without any need for "hardware-related" adjustments.

When using a data processing system, it is considered advantageous if the data processing system is designed such that an assignment of the function modules to a functional group and an assignment of the function groups to the respective measurement inputs to a user-side default is done by software.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to three embodiments; thereby show exemplarily:

1 shows the hardware structure of an embodiment of a protective device according to the invention,

FIG. 2 shows the software configuration of the protective device according to FIG. 1 for use in a first exemplary electrical system to be protected, FIG. 3 shows the software configuration of the protective device according to FIG. 1 for use in a second exemplary electrical system to be protected,

Figure 4 shows the software configuration of the protective device according to Figure 1 for use in a third, shown as an example to be protected electrical system and

Figure 5 shows the software configuration of the protective device according to Figure 1 for use in a fourth electrical system.

FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a protective device 10 for protecting an electrical power supply system (not shown in FIG. 1).

The protective device 10 has a data processing system 20, which provides function modules and functional groups by software. How the functional modules and the functional groups may look is explained in greater detail below in connection with FIGS. 2 to 4.

The protective device 10 also has a preprocessing device 30, which provides the input side measuring inputs M for electrical connection to the electrical system. The preprocessing device 30 is equipped, for example, with a plurality of preprocessing units 40a-40d, which preprocess the voltage and / or current measuring quantities U and I present in current and / or voltage measured values Mu and Mi and forward them to the data processing system 20. The preprocessed current and / or voltage measured values Mu and Mi may, for example, be samples or pointer measurements derived therefrom and the like. FIG. 1 shows, by way of example, four preprocessing units which have different designs:

The pre-processing unit 40a belongs to a first type with current inputs, which enable a three-phase input of current measurement variables I. How this pre-processing unit 40a is connected from the outside, ie three-phase or only one or two-phase or in addition to the ground current formed in the secondary circuit, is left to the user of the protection device 10.

The pre-processing unit 40b belongs to a second type with voltage inputs, which enable a three-phase input of voltage measurement quantities U. The wiring of the pre-processing unit 40b from the outside, ie three-phase or only one or two-phase or with displacement voltage, is also left to the user of the protection device 10.

The preprocessing unit 40c is equipped with a single current input for single-phase input of a current measuring variable and the preprocessing unit 40d with a single voltage input for single-phase input of a voltage measured variable.

As already mentioned, the protection device 10 provides function modules and functional groups software-related, which can be selected and configured by the user. This will be shown below by way of example with reference to various configurations for various electrical equipment. In order to illustrate the use and function of the functional modules and functional groups, only the functional modules and the functional groups and the respective electrical system are shown in Figures 2 to 4; the data processing system 20 providing the functional modules and the functional groups as well as the preprocessing device 30 with the preprocessing units 40a-40d are not shown again for the sake of clarity, since they belong to the "hardware level" of the protective device 10 and not Function modules and the function groups - to the "software level".

FIG. 2 shows an electrical power supply 100 with a switch 110, a current transformer 120 and a voltage converter 130. The voltage and current measured quantities arrive in the form of current and voltage measured values Mu and Mi to form a protection-specific functional group FGM, for example three protection-specific function modules FMl, FM2 and FM3 are assigned.

In this context, protection-specific functional modules are understood to be functional modules which evaluate voltage and / or current measuring variables or the measured values derived therefrom on the protective device and generate signals, for example switch-off signals, if faults are detected.

The protection-specific functional module FM1 may, for example, be an "overcurrent contactor" in accordance with number 51 of the IEEE C37.2 standard The protection-specific functional module FM2 may, for example, provide "overvoltage protection" and the protection-specific functional module FM3 a "power direction protection".

Since the protection-specific functional group FGM has been assigned the measuring inputs of the protective device 10 with the current and voltage measurement values Mu and Mi, the protection-specific functional modules FM1, FM2 and FM3 are automatically also supplied with these current and voltage measured values Mu and Mi, as far as they are concerned need for their operation; Thus, it is only necessary for the user to assign the function modules FM1, FM2 and FM3 to the function group FGM, an assignment to the current and voltage measured values Mu and Mi or the associated measuring inputs M of the protective device 10 (see FIG the assignment to the current and voltage measured values Mu and Mi or the associated Measuring inputs of the protection device via the function group FGM takes place.

FIG. 2 also shows a switch-specific function group FGS, which, for example, has two switch-specific function modules FS1 and FS2 assigned to it.

In the context of switch-specific functional modules, functional modules are understood in this context which, in the presence of error signals, in particular switch-off signals, upstream protection-specific function modules switch off the switches associated with the respective switch-specific function module according to the manner defined in the function module and, if necessary, switch them on again at a later time. In contrast to the protection-specific function modules, the switch-specific function modules are therefore in direct contact with the switches of the electrical system; the protection-specific function modules communicate with the switches only indirectly via the switch-specific function modules.

The switch-specific functional module FS1 can be, for example, a "restart protection" according to or based on IEEE C37.2 (function module number 79) .This function module has the task of switching off a line section again after a predetermined period of time To check whether the fault that caused the shutdown, has now been eliminated.

The switch-specific functional module FS2 can be, for example, the function module "breaker failure protection" according to or based on the function module number 50 of IEEE C37.2 Such a function module has the task of checking after a shutdown command to the switch 110 whether the switch 110 is actually opened and the power has actually been turned off, this may be the function module FS2 for example, by evaluating the measured current values Mi notice.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, the protection-specific functional group FGM is connected on the input side only to the measuring inputs M of the protective device 10, but not to outputs of other protection-specific functional groups.

It can also be seen in FIG. 1 that the switch-specific functional group FGS is connected on the input side only to the measuring inputs of the protective device 10 or the output A of the protection-specific functional group FGM and not to outputs of other switch-specific functional groups.

Although the protection-specific functional group FGM could also be connected on the input side to an output of the switch-specific functional group FGS, this is not necessary for the system topology of the electrical energy supply system according to FIG.

The task of the protection-specific function group FGM or the protection-specific function modules FM1, FM2 and FM3 contained therein is to match the input side

Evaluate current and voltage measured values Mu and Mi and to generate a control signal ST for switching off the switch 110 when tripping criteria defined in the function modules are fulfilled. The functional groups FGM and FGS are connected to one another via the terminals Op.

The task of the switch-specific function group FGS or the switch-specific function modules FsI and FS2 contained therein is to open the switch 110 via the control output Trip with the control signal ST2 in the case of a shutdown command by the control signal ST of the upstream protection-specific function group FGM. In addition, the switch-specific function group FGS or the therein switch-specific function modules FSl and FS2 task to check whether a switch-off was actually implemented (function module FS2: "breaker failure protection"), as well as the task to turn on the switch 110 after a predefined period of time (function module FSl: "restart protection").

FIG. 3 shows another electrical energy supply system 200 with a switch 210, a current transformer 220, a further switch 230 and a further current transformer 240. The current measured variables arrive in the form of current measured values MiI and Mi2 to form a protection-specific functional group FGM, which is, for example, the protection-specific The protection-specific function group FGM is also assigned those measuring inputs of the protection device which supply the current measured values MiI and Mi2.

FIG. 3 also shows two switch-specific functional groups FGS1 and FGS2, to which, for example, in each case the switch-specific functional module FS2 "breaker failure protection" is assigned.

As can also be seen in FIG. 3, the protection-specific functional group FGM communicates on the input side only with the measuring inputs of the protective device, but not with the outputs of other protection-specific functional groups.

It can also be seen in FIG. 3 that the switch-specific functional groups FGS1 and FGS2 are connected on the input side only to the measuring inputs of the protective device and the output A of the protection-specific functional group FGM and, for example, not to outputs of other switch-specific functional groups.

The task of the protection-specific function group FGM or the protection-specific function module FS4 contained therein For example, it consists in evaluating the current measured values MiI and Mi2 present on the input side and generating a control signal ST for switching off the two switches 210 and 230 if tripping criteria defined in the function module FS4 are fulfilled. For example, the control signal ST is generated when the difference between the current measured values MiI and Mi2 exceeds a predetermined threshold.

The task of the switch-specific function groups FSGl and FSG2 or the switch-specific functions contained therein

Function modules FS2 consists in the case of an input-side shutdown command by the control signal ST to open the respectively associated switch 210 or 230. In addition, the switch-specific function groups FGS1 and FGS2 have the task of checking whether a switch-off command has actually been implemented ("breaker failure protection").

FIG. 4 shows a further electrical energy supply system 300 with a switch 310 and two current transformers 320 and 330. The current measuring variables are in the form of

Current measurements MiI and Mi2 to a protection-specific function group FGMl and a protection-specific function group FGM2, for example, each equipped with the protection-specific function module FMl "overcurrent protection." The two protection-specific function groups FGMl and FGM2 differ only in that they with different current readings MiI and Mi2 are charged.

FIG. 4 also shows a switch-specific functional group FGS, which, for example, is assigned the switch-specific function module FS2 "breaker failure protection".

As can be seen in FIG. 4, the protection-specific functional groups FGM1 and FGM2 are connected on the input side only to the measuring inputs of the protective device, but not to outputs of other protection-specific functional groups. It can also be seen in FIG. 4 that the switch-specific functional group FGS on the input side only with the output A of the protection-specific function groups FGMl and FGM2 is in connection and, for example, not with outputs of other switch-specific function groups.

The task of the two protection-specific functional groups FMG1 and FMG2 or the task of the two protection-specific functional modules FM1 can be, for example, evaluating the current measured values MiI and Mi2 present on the input side and generating the control signal ST for switching off the switch 310 if in the functional module FM1 defined triggering criteria are met. For example, the control signal ST is generated when the current measured values MiI and Mi2 exceed a predetermined threshold.

The task of the switch-specific function group FSG or of the switch-specific function module FS2 contained therein is to open the associated switch 310 with the control signal ST2 in the case of a switch-off command by the control signal ST. In addition, the switch-specific function group FSG has the task of checking whether a switch-off command has actually been implemented ("breaker failure protection").

FIG. 5 shows an example of an embodiment

Protective device 10, in which two protection-specific functional groups FGM1 and FGM2 are selected. The one protection-specific functional group FGM1 relates, for example, to the primary winding side of a transformer (not further shown), and the other protection-specific functional group FGM2 relates, for example, to the secondary winding side of the transformer.

For example, the two protection-specific function groups FGMl and FGM2 are each equipped with the protection-specific function modules "Overcurrent protection" FS4 and "Thermal overload protection" FS5. On the output side, the two protection-specific function groups FGM1 and FGM2 are connected via the connections "Trip" with two switch-specific functional groups FGS1 and FGS2 and via the terminations "Winding" with a further processing function group FGV.

The two switch-specific functional groups FGS1 and FGS2 are assigned the switch-specific function module "breaker failure protection" FS2, for example.

The further processing function group FGV is equipped with the further-processing or protection-specific functional module FV1, which may be, for example, a differential protection module especially for transformers. On the output side, the further processing function group FGV is connected to the two switch-specific function groups FGS1 and FGS2.

The task of the further-processing-specific function module FV1 is to evaluate measured values, such as pointer measurement values and additional information supplied by the upstream protection-specific function groups FGM1 and FGM2, and to trigger the switch-specific function groups FGS1 and FGS2 in the event of an error. By way of example, the additional information may be parameters which are input or input by the user, for example a switch group code, the rated voltage and / or a rated apparent power of the transformer.

Claims

claims 1. Protection device (10) for protecting an electrical system (100, 200, 300), in particular for the protection of an electrical see energy supply system, wherein the protective device has a plurality of measuring inputs (M) and a plurality of functional modules (FM1-FM4, FS1- FS2), which can be connected to the measuring inputs by a user-side setting of the protective device in such a way that the function modules execute user-defined protective functions and corresponding control signals (ST, ST2) for switching on or off assigned switches (110, 210, 230, 310) of the electrotechnical system, characterized in that the protective device provides functional groups (FGM, FGM1, FGM2, FGS, FGS1, FGS2) to which one or more functional modules (FM1-FM4, FS1- FS2) can be assigned, wherein the function modules and the function groups are configured such that an assignment between the functional modules and the measuring inputs indirectly, by assigning the function modules to a function group and assigning the function group to the respective measuring inputs. 2. Protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring inputs are formed by inputs of preprocessing units (40a-40d), the input voltage and / or current measuring values (U, I) present in current and / or voltage measured values (Mu, Mi) and output the current and / or voltage measured values to the assigned function groups on the output side. 3. Protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the preprocessing units have at least four different types, namely a type (40a) with current inputs, which generates a three-phase input of current measured variables. possible, a type (40b) with voltage inputs that allow a three-phase input of voltage measurements, a type (40c) with a current input for single-phase input of a current measurement and a type (4Od) with a voltage input for single-phase input of a Spannungsmessgrδße. 4. Protective device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protective device has a data processing system (20), which provides the function modules in software in the form of software-related function modules and the functional groups software in the form of software-related function groups. 5. Protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that the data processing system is configured such that an assignment of the functional modules to a functional group and an assignment of the functional groups to the respective Measurement inputs on a user-specified by software.