WO2008103065A1 - Gas powder extinguisher - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to fire safety engineering and can be used for extinguishing any fire. The inventive gas powder extinguisher comprises a body (1) with a fire-extinguishing agent (9) in the form of a powder fire retarder and a phlegmatising propellant gas, a starting-closing device (3) mounted on a bottle (1), a siphon tube (2) and a pipeline for supplying the fire-extinguishing agent to a spray device (5). The powder fire retarder and the phlegmatising propellant gas are contained in the same bottle under a pressure of 1.2-30 MPa, a ratio between the volumes thereof at normal conditions ranging from 1:100 to 1:2000. The starting-closing device (3) is connected to the tubular spray device (5) via the pipeline and a diffuser. The total surface area of the output holes of the diffuser is equal to 0.4-0.95 the surface area of the pipeline inserted therein and said diffuser can be embodied in the form of a cylinder. The invention makes it possible to reduce the designability and metal consumption factors and to increase the reliability, operating speed and the fire-extinguishing capacity of a powder extinguisher.

Description

 GAS POWDER FIRE EXTINGUISHER

Technical field

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment and can be used to extinguish any fires, including technological installations, combustible materials and flammable liquids.

State of the art

A device is known that provides the use of the energy of compressed gas for spraying a powder extinguishing agent during a pulsed feed (RU

2144403, A62C 15/00, 1998). The device for pulsed supply and fine dispersion of substances consists of a variable-section ejection pipe made in the form of a Laval nozzle and having a flat elastic multi-segment valve at the output end, a compressed gas reservoir and a quick-acting shut-off valve connecting the reservoir to the inlet end of the ejection pipe. When the device is operating, the potential energy of the compressed gas enclosed in the tank is converted into the kinetic energy of the extinguishing agent stream.

The disadvantage of this device is the incomplete use of the potential energy of the compressed gas, which reduces the energy of the jet of extinguishing agent and the degree its spray, resulting in reduced efficiency of the device and, therefore, extinguishing the fire.

Known powder fire extinguishers according to the patent of the Russian Federation N <> 2193427 from 12.25.2000. and the Utility Model Certificate N ° 23390 dated November 28, 2001, which are the gas-piston extinguishing module MGSh (n) -8-KD-l-BSGU TU 4854-007-18215408-2003 “BiZone”, technical characteristics are described in the article “BiZone- new opportunities in automatic fire extinguishing)) authors: V.I. Seliverstova, Yu.V. Zemskova (Fire-fighting and emergency-rescue equipment: Magazine. - 2004.- October- November.- JVH.- P. 16).

Closest to the claimed is a powder fire extinguisher described in RF patent JN2193427, A62C 13/66, publ. 27.11.2002. The fire extinguisher contains a housing with a baffle cover and fire extinguishing powder, a locking and starting device (ZPU), a gas source with a means of supplying it with a gas to powder mass ratio of 1: 0.2 to 1: 7 and an outlet nozzle, while the gas source is connected through a siphon tube with a cross-sectional area of 0.05-0.2 of the cross-sectional area of the exhaust nozzle fixed in the baffle cover with a body cavity with extinguishing powder, while the lower end of the siphon tube is located at a distance from the bottom of the powder case not more than 1/10 and not less than 1/50 of the height of the filled extinguishing powder, and the exhaust nozzles are made in the form of a perforated pipe with a cap, hermetically closing the perforation and stamped with a calibrated cut-off check, and the ratio of the perforation areas and the passage section of the outlet nozzle is 0.3-0.8.

5 The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the design complexity, its relatively large total weight is ~ 34 kg with a fire extinguishing agent (OTB) weight of ~ 11.3 kg, which leads to high values of the product structural coefficient K _kggr j, which is the ratio of the product mass to the protected volume with the dimension kg / m ³ , i.e. determines how many kilograms of the structure is used to protect lm ³ volumes, as well as its high metal consumption, i.e. the ratio of the mass of the structure (body, cylinders, ZPU, pipeline and spray) to the mass of the extinguishing agent - coefficient

15 metal K _met or the so-called metal product.

For a well-known gas-powder fire extinguisher, taking into account the fire classes (A, B, C) K _K0Hc i _p and K _meg will be the following:

K _K0HCgp (B ₅ C) = ^ = 0.57 kg / m ³ ;

0 Щviеталла60

0 Shchvietalla

K _{met w} I

HlQTB 5 Disclosure of invention

The basis of the invention is the task of reducing the coefficients of constructiveness and metal consumption of the product while increasing the reliability, speed and extinguishing ability of a powder fire extinguisher.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the well-known gas and gas fire extinguisher containing a housing with a fire extinguishing substance - a powder combustion inhibitor and a flammable propellant gas, a start-up shut-off device (ROM), a siphon tube and a pipe for supplying a fire extinguishing substance to the atomizer, a powder gas flame retardant and the propellant is placed in one cylinder under a pressure of 1.2-ZOMPa with a ratio of powder and gas volumes under normal conditions from 1: 100 to 1: 2000, while the ROM installed on the cylinder through the pipe the wire and the diffuser are connected to a pipe sprayer having a total outlet area of 0.4-0.95 of the area of the pipe entering the sprayer, or a ROM directly connected to the sprayer through a pipe made in the form of a cylinder having an outer diameter equal to 1.5-7 of the diameters of its inner central channel, moreover, on the outer surface of the cylinder at least 2 annular conical grooves with different angles of inclination are formed, while on the generatrix surface of these grooves there are radial cylindrical nozzles or diffuser nozzles with a taper of 3-15 °, the axes of which are perpendicular to the surfaces of the generators, and the inclination angles between the axes of the radially made diffusers and the axis of the central channel of the atomizer are successively reduced from 80-90 ° to 15-30 ° or the ROM is connected through a pipe with with a fan spray, in which the axes of the diffuser nozzles are located in the same plane, the angle between the axes of the extreme diffuser nozzles being 30–120 °, and the nozzle taper 3–15 °. In a preferred embodiment, the end face of the central channel of the cylindrical atomizer of the gas-powder extinguisher is slit-shaped.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings: FIG, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4. Fig.l depicts a gas-powder fire extinguisher with a pipe atomizer and diffuser. The inventive gas-piston fire extinguisher contains a cylindrical body of the cylinder 1, a siphon tube 2, a trigger-trigger device 3, a diffuser 4, a spray gun 5, perforations 6, a critical nozzle 7, an output section 8, a fire extinguishing agent (OTB) 9. The fire extinguisher shown in Fig.l Designed to extinguish local-area fires Figure 2 depicts a gas powder fire extinguisher with a diffuser with diffuser nozzles. The claimed b gas and gas fire extinguisher includes a cylindrical body of the cylinder 10, a siphon tube 11, a trigger-locking device 12, diffuser nozzles 13, a spray housing 14, a slotted end nozzle 15, a fire extinguishing agent 16. Figure 3 depicts a spray gun with a slotted end nozzle 15 and radial cylindrical nozzles 13.

Figure 4 depicts a fan spray with diffuser nozzles 17. A fire extinguisher with a fan spray and diffuser nozzles 17 is designed to extinguish i-merciless fires.

The best embodiment of the invention

The operation of the inventive fire extinguisher is as follows.

When opening the starting-locking device (ROM) 3, a fire extinguishing agent (OTB) 9 from the cylinder body 1 through a siphon tube 2 enters through the critical nozzle 7 of the diffuser 4 and through the outlet section 8 into the spray gun 5 and through the perforations 6 into the fire zone.

The fire extinguisher shown in figure 2 works in a similar way.

The time from the pulse to the beginning of the powder output (speed) for the fire extinguisher in the closest analogue is 5 s, for the inventive fire extinguisher - Ic. The reliability of the fire extinguisher in the closest analogue of the prototype 0.9 with a confidence level of 0.8. The reliability of the claimed fire extinguisher is 0.99 with a confidence level of 0.85.

The inventive gas-powder fire extinguisher (module), made according to the invention in a ten-liter steel cylinder body, has a total weight of 23 kg with an OTB weight of 12.5 kg and extinguishes a fire in a volume of 100 m ³ for fire class B, C, and in a volume of 155 m ³ for fire class A. For the inventive object - a gas-powder fire extinguisher - the coefficient of design and metal consumption for different classes of fire has the following values: 23 kg 23 kg

KB ₅ C = = 0.23kg / m ³ ; K _A = 0.15 kg / m ³ ; 105m ³ 150m ³

10.5kg

K _met = 0.84

12.5kgOTB

As can be seen from the above ratios, the inventive gas-powder fire extinguisher surpasses the known device in terms of metal consumption per lm ^{3 of the} protected object in the class of fires

A, B, C, and more than 2.3 times the metal consumption, and 1.55-1.75 times the fire extinguishing ability. Therefore, the proposed gas-powder fire extinguisher (module) compares favorably with the known device in terms of metal consumption, speed, reliability and fire extinguishing ability.

Industrial applicability

The invention is industrially applicable in powder fire extinguishing modules and fire extinguishers for extinguishing local and volumetric open fires by supplying a directed jet of fire extinguishing agent to the burning area.

Claims

CLAIM 1. A gas-powder extinguisher, comprising a housing with an extinguishing agent - a powder combustion inhibitor and 5 flame-propellant-propellant gas, a trigger and siphon device, a siphon tube and a pipe for supplying a fire-extinguishing substance to the atomizer, characterized in that the powder flame-retardant and flame-propellant are gas propellant in one cylinder under pressure 1,2-ЗOMПa ι о when the ratio of the volumes of powder and gas under normal conditions is from 1: 100 to 1: 2000, while the trigger-locking device mounted on the cylinder through the pipeline q and the diffuser is connected to the spray. 2 .. Gas-powder extinguisher according to claim I _5, characterized in 15 that the filler is made pipe, having a total area of the outlet openings of 0.4-0.95 of the area included in the filler pipe. 3. A gas-powder extinguisher according to claim 1, characterized in that the atomizer is made in the form of a cylinder having an outer 0 diameter equal to 1.5-1.7 diameters of its inner central channel, and at least 2 annular conical ones are made on the outer surface of the cylinder grooves with different angles of inclination of their generators, while on the generatrix surface of these grooves there are radial cylindrical nozzles or diffuser nozzles with a 5 taper of 3-15 °, the axes of which are perpendicular to the surfaces of the generators, and the inclination angles between the axes are radially full diffusers and the axis of the central channel of the atomizer consistently decrease from 80-90 ° to 15-30 °. 4. Gas and oil fire extinguisher according to claim 3, characterized in that the end face of the central channel of the cylindrical atomizer 5 is slotted. 5. The gas and gas spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that the spray gun is fan-shaped, in which the axes of the diffuser nozzles are in the same plane, the angle between the u axes of the extreme nozzle diffusers being 30-120 °, and the nozzle taper 3-15 °. 15 0