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WO2008100000A1 - Method of compressing and restoring moving picture using i frame tag - Google Patents

Method of compressing and restoring moving picture using i frame tag Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008100000A1
WO2008100000A1 PCT/KR2007/004387 KR2007004387W WO2008100000A1 WO 2008100000 A1 WO2008100000 A1 WO 2008100000A1 KR 2007004387 W KR2007004387 W KR 2007004387W WO 2008100000 A1 WO2008100000 A1 WO 2008100000A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
tag
frames
moving picture
compressing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR2007/004387
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Young-Jun Song
Jae-Hyeong Ahn
Nam Kim
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Chungbuk National Univiversity CBNU
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Chungbuk National Univiversity CBNU
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Application filed by Chungbuk National Univiversity CBNU filed Critical Chungbuk National Univiversity CBNU
Publication of WO2008100000A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008100000A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/61—Network physical structure; Signal processing
    • H04N21/6106—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network
    • H04N21/6125—Network physical structure; Signal processing specially adapted to the downstream path of the transmission network involving transmission via Internet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/142—Detection of scene cut or scene change
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/107—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode between spatial and temporal predictive coding, e.g. picture refresh
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/11—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
    • H04N19/147—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output according to rate distortion criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
    • H04N19/172—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of compressing and restoring a moving picture using an I-frame tag, and more particularly, to a method of compressing and restoring a moving picture using an I-frame tag of effectively compressing a moving picture in which a scene converting display bit and a similar frame position indicator bit are included based on an I-frame so that a scene is identically converted.
  • methods of compressing a moving picture are divided into a method of compressing data in a way of the frequency conversion within the frequency domain and a method of performing a sub-sampling of pixels in the spatial domain by a predetermined method to compress the sub-sampled pixels.
  • the compression of a moving picture is performed under the moving picture expert group (MPEG) standard which is proposed by the international standards organization's moving picture experts group.
  • MPEG image compression algorithm follows the specification early drafted by the ISO JTC1/SC2/WG11 in 1991 and a main algorithm is designed to run in an image with a non-interlaced component of outputting all of the screens at once.
  • An image consists of pictures each having brightness (Y) , a red component (Cr) , and a blue component (Cb) and the bit constitution of Y: Cr: Cb is compressed in the ratio of 4:2:2.
  • a moving picture is compressed in the structure of a group of picture (GOP) and the GOP consists of I-, P-, and B-pictures.
  • the intra-picture is an image obtained by independently encoding in the image regardless of previous and post images. That is, the encoding is performed using only information in the image without applying the movement prediction in the time direction.
  • the predictive-picture is an image obtained from a forward prediction encoding between images. That is, the I-picture or the P-picture is the prediction image and is used in prediction between images (frames) to perform the encoding. However, It is only the forward prediction using a macro block, prior to the corresponding frame (prediction image: P picture) on the time axis, that can be used in a single macro block prediction.
  • the bidirectional predictive-picture (B-picture) is an image obtained by the prediction encoding from both directions of the past and the future.
  • the I-picture or the P-picture is used as a prediction image so that the bidirectional prediction, using the macro-block existing in the past, the future, or the bidirectional time of the corresponding frame on the time axis, enables.
  • an I-frame 1 as a reference frame is compressed and transmitted first, a P-frame 5 is compressed and transmitted due to the forward prediction, and then B-frames 2, 3, and 4 by the bidirectional prediction are compressed and transmitted, sequentially.
  • B-frames 2, 3, and 4 by the bidirectional prediction are compressed and transmitted, sequentially.
  • an I-frame 9 as the reference frame is compressed and transmitted, and B-frames 6, 7, and 8 as bidirectional prediction frames between the reference frames and the P frame are compressed and transmitted.
  • frames to an n-th I-frame and an n-lth B-frame are compressed and transmitted.
  • the compression is performed in the order of the I- frame, i.e. the reference frame, the P-frame predicted forward by the I-frame, and the B-frames predicted in a bidirectional way by two frames such as the I-frame and the P-frame or the I-frame and the B-frame.
  • a redundancy redundant bit
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an aspect of the present invention to provide a method of compressing and restoring a moving picture using an I-frame, in which, when one of I-frames in which a scene is changed is similar to a previously used frame, an I-frame tag is compressed instead of the I-frame to increase a compression rate so that a transmission compression amount can be decreased in a system, allowing a user to store a predetermined amount of data such as a moving picture streaming service, such as in an IPTV, by compressing and that a data transmission rate can be increased for the communication by reusing a predetermined size of data stored in a buffer of a user device.
  • a predetermined amount of data such as a moving picture streaming service, such as in an IPTV
  • a method of compressing and restoring a moving picture using an I-frame tag comprising: a compression procedure comprising: (i) creating I-frames in correspondence to change of a scene by analyzing an input moving picture and assigning numerals to the created I- frames respectively and setting a reference flag bit of an initial I-frame to 0; (ii) obtaining a difference between a current input I-frame and previous I-frames when the I- frame having a created I-frame tag is input, and determining whether the difference is smaller than a threshold value which is 10 percent of the entire pixel value; (iii) replacing a previous frame tag of a previous I-frame of the previous I-frames, having the smallest difference from the threshold value, by the current I-frame and compressing only the frame tag constituted by the flag bit 0 and the replaced frame numeral instead of the replaced I-frame, when the difference is smaller than the threshold value in the operation (ii) ; (iv) setting the current input
  • FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a group of picture (GOP) structure in a conventional moving picture compressing method
  • FIG. 2 is a view illustrating I-frame tags and a GOP structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a moving picture compressing procedure in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a moving picture restoring procedure in the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a group of picture (GOP) structure in a conventional moving picture compressing method.
  • FIG. 2 is a view illustrating I-frame tags and a GOP structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a moving picture compressing procedure in the present invention, and
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a moving picture restoring procedure in the present invention.
  • the present invention is made to improve a method of compressing a moving picture with a GOP structure, such that a compression rate is increased by adding an I-frame (picture) tag. That is, when an image is similar to an image of the I-frame that has been compressed previously, by providing flags to the I-frames, the compression rate can be remarkably increased by using a corresponding I-frame flag instead of the I-frame if a similar scene is frequently changed.
  • I-frame picture
  • a frame tag is created for every I-frame.
  • the I-frame having the frame tag is compressed and transmitted in a way that, when a difference between the pixels of the respective I- frames having the frame tags and the previous I-frames is calculated and the difference is within a threshold valve, that is, within 10 percent of the entire pixel value, a current I-frame image is replaced by a tag number of the previous frame so that only the tag number of the previous frame, replaced by the tag number of the current frame, is compressed and transmitted.
  • the I-frame having the frame tag is compressed and transmitted in a way that, when the difference between the pixels of the respective I-frames having the frame tags and the previous I-frames is calculated and the difference is greater than the threshold value, that is, than 10 percent of the entire pixel value, the tag number of the current I-frame and an image of the current frame are compressed and transmitted.
  • an I-frame according to a scene change is created by analyzing an input moving picture (Sl) . Respective numerals are assigned to respective frames created in the operation Sl and the initial I-frame creates an I-frame tag setting a reference flag bit to 0 (S2) .
  • the calculation for the threshold value is performed by which the current pixel values are summated and the differences between the pixels of the current I-frame and the previously transmitted I-frames are summated to determine whether the differences reach 10 percent of the sum of the current pixel values.
  • the differences between the current I-frame and the previous I-frames are obtained. Then, if the differences are smaller than the threshold value, a previous frame tag of a previous I-frame, among the previous frames, having the smallest difference from the threshold value is replaced by the current I-frame (S4). Then, only the frame tag having a frame numeral, replaced by the flag bit 0, is compressed instead of the replaced I-frame (S5) .
  • the differences between the current I-frame and the previous I-frames are obtained. If the differences are greater than the threshold value, the current I-frame is set to an I-frame, and an I-frame tag in which the numeral of the current I-frame and the reference flag bit are 1 is created, and both the created I-frame and I-frame tag are compressed (S6 and S7) . That is, in the operation S3, if the differences of the current I-frame and the previous I-frames are smaller than the threshold value, only the frame tag having a frame numeral replaced by the flag bit 0 is compressed. If the differences between the current I-frame and the previous I- frames are greater than the threshold value, an I-frame tag in which the numeral of the current I-frame and the reference flag bit are 1 is created.
  • the compressed I-frame is restored from the received and input moving picture (SIl) and it is determined whether only the frame tag is compressed in the restored I-frame (S12) . That is, after it is determined whether the I-frame tag is 0 or 1, if the I- frame tag is 0, since only the I-frame and the previous frame numeral are compressed, the I-frame of the corresponding numeral, that has been already transmitted, is restored ( S13 ) .
  • the operation S12 it is determined whether the frame tag of the restored I-frame is 0 or 1. If the restored I-frame tag is 1, the compressed and transmitted I-frame is restored and the B- and P-frames are restored using the restored I-frame so that the entire moving picture is restores (S14 and S15) .
  • the compressing method increases the compression rate by providing a flag to respective I-frames and using the I-frame flags instead of the I-frames in the case of an image similar to the previously compressed I-frame.
  • the method of compressing and restoring a moving picture according to the present invention remarkably increases the compression rate when similar scenes are frequently changed while maintaining the image quality.
  • the method compresses a moving picture on variable time when a predetermined amount of the moving picture is stored and reproduced like in the IPTV, so that the compression can be adaptively performed.
  • the method according to the present invention increases the compression rate by providing a flag for each I-frame and using the I-frame flags instead of the I-frames in the case of an image similar to the previously compressed I-frame, differently from a method using the GOP structure during compression for a streaming service of a digital moving picture, so that a high gain can be obtained in the case of a news or a drama in which identical image scenes are frequently changed with time.

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  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Compression Or Coding Systems Of Tv Signals (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a method of compressing and restoring a moving picture using an I-frame tag to effectively compress the moving picture in which a scene change indicator bit and a similar frame position indicator bit are included based on an I-frame so that a scene is identically changed. In the method, one of I-frames in which a scene is changed is similar to a previously used frame, an I-frame tag is compressed instead of the I-frame to increase a compression rate so that a transmission compression amount can be decreased in a system, allowing a user to store a predetermined amount of data such as a moving picture streaming service, such as in an IPTV, by compressing and that a data transmission rate can be increased for the communication by reusing a predetermined size of data stored in a buffer of a user device.

Description

METHOD OF COMPRESSING AND RESTORING MOVING PICTURE USING I FRAME TAG
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method of compressing and restoring a moving picture using an I-frame tag, and more particularly, to a method of compressing and restoring a moving picture using an I-frame tag of effectively compressing a moving picture in which a scene converting display bit and a similar frame position indicator bit are included based on an I-frame so that a scene is identically converted.
Description of the Related Art
In general, methods of compressing a moving picture are divided into a method of compressing data in a way of the frequency conversion within the frequency domain and a method of performing a sub-sampling of pixels in the spatial domain by a predetermined method to compress the sub-sampled pixels.
The compression of a moving picture is performed under the moving picture expert group (MPEG) standard which is proposed by the international standards organization's moving picture experts group. An MPEG image compression algorithm follows the specification early drafted by the ISO JTC1/SC2/WG11 in 1991 and a main algorithm is designed to run in an image with a non-interlaced component of outputting all of the screens at once. An image consists of pictures each having brightness (Y) , a red component (Cr) , and a blue component (Cb) and the bit constitution of Y: Cr: Cb is compressed in the ratio of 4:2:2. In addition, under the MPEG standard, a moving picture is compressed in the structure of a group of picture (GOP) and the GOP consists of I-, P-, and B-pictures.
The intra-picture (I-picture) is an image obtained by independently encoding in the image regardless of previous and post images. That is, the encoding is performed using only information in the image without applying the movement prediction in the time direction.
The predictive-picture (P-picture) is an image obtained from a forward prediction encoding between images. That is, the I-picture or the P-picture is the prediction image and is used in prediction between images (frames) to perform the encoding. However, It is only the forward prediction using a macro block, prior to the corresponding frame (prediction image: P picture) on the time axis, that can be used in a single macro block prediction.
The bidirectional predictive-picture (B-picture) is an image obtained by the prediction encoding from both directions of the past and the future. In other words, the I-picture or the P-picture is used as a prediction image so that the bidirectional prediction, using the macro-block existing in the past, the future, or the bidirectional time of the corresponding frame on the time axis, enables.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, in a conventional moving image compressing method, an I-frame 1 as a reference frame is compressed and transmitted first, a P-frame 5 is compressed and transmitted due to the forward prediction, and then B-frames 2, 3, and 4 by the bidirectional prediction are compressed and transmitted, sequentially. When the B-frame is completely compressed and transmitted, an I-frame 9 as the reference frame is compressed and transmitted, and B-frames 6, 7, and 8 as bidirectional prediction frames between the reference frames and the P frame are compressed and transmitted. In this way, frames to an n-th I-frame and an n-lth B-frame are compressed and transmitted.
That is, in the conventional GOP structure as shown in FIG. 1, the compression is performed in the order of the I- frame, i.e. the reference frame, the P-frame predicted forward by the I-frame, and the B-frames predicted in a bidirectional way by two frames such as the I-frame and the P-frame or the I-frame and the B-frame. However, when the difference from the previous I-frame is small due to the frequent change of an identical scene with time, a redundancy (redundant bit) is generated. In other words, according to the conventional technology, even in a case of the frequent change of a scene, since the compression algorithm is continuously applied to the entire I-frames when the scene is selected as an I-frame, compression cannot be efficiently performed.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an aspect of the present invention to provide a method of compressing and restoring a moving picture using an I-frame, in which, when one of I-frames in which a scene is changed is similar to a previously used frame, an I-frame tag is compressed instead of the I-frame to increase a compression rate so that a transmission compression amount can be decreased in a system, allowing a user to store a predetermined amount of data such as a moving picture streaming service, such as in an IPTV, by compressing and that a data transmission rate can be increased for the communication by reusing a predetermined size of data stored in a buffer of a user device.
In order to achieve the object, there is provided a method of compressing and restoring a moving picture using an I-frame tag, the method comprising: a compression procedure comprising: (i) creating I-frames in correspondence to change of a scene by analyzing an input moving picture and assigning numerals to the created I- frames respectively and setting a reference flag bit of an initial I-frame to 0; (ii) obtaining a difference between a current input I-frame and previous I-frames when the I- frame having a created I-frame tag is input, and determining whether the difference is smaller than a threshold value which is 10 percent of the entire pixel value; (iii) replacing a previous frame tag of a previous I-frame of the previous I-frames, having the smallest difference from the threshold value, by the current I-frame and compressing only the frame tag constituted by the flag bit 0 and the replaced frame numeral instead of the replaced I-frame, when the difference is smaller than the threshold value in the operation (ii) ; (iv) setting the current input I-frame to an I-frame, creating an I-frame tag in which the numeral of the current input I-frame and a reference flag bit is 1, and compressing both the created I-frame and the I-frame tag, when the difference is greater than the threshold value in the operation (ii) ; and (v) creating other B- and P-frames with reference to an I-frame to be transmitted and compressing and transmitting the B- and P-frames, when the compression of the I-frame and the I-frame tag is completed after the operation (iii) and the operation (iv) , and a restoration procedure comprising:
(vi) restoring the I-frame compressed from a received and input moving picture, determining whether the restored I- frame tag is 0 or 1, and restoring the I-frame of the corresponding numeral, that has been compressed together with the frame tag and has been previously transmitted, when the I-frame tag is 0; and (vii) restoring the compressed and transmitted I-frame and restoring the entire moving picture by restoring the B- and P-frames by using the restored I-frame, when the I-frame tag restored in the operation (vi) is 1.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The above and other objects, features and other advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a group of picture (GOP) structure in a conventional moving picture compressing method;
FIG. 2 is a view illustrating I-frame tags and a GOP structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a moving picture compressing procedure in the present invention; and
FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a moving picture restoring procedure in the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a group of picture (GOP) structure in a conventional moving picture compressing method. FIG. 2 is a view illustrating I-frame tags and a GOP structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a moving picture compressing procedure in the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a moving picture restoring procedure in the present invention.
As illustrated in FIG. 2, the present invention is made to improve a method of compressing a moving picture with a GOP structure, such that a compression rate is increased by adding an I-frame (picture) tag. That is, when an image is similar to an image of the I-frame that has been compressed previously, by providing flags to the I-frames, the compression rate can be remarkably increased by using a corresponding I-frame flag instead of the I-frame if a similar scene is frequently changed.
In other words, according to the present invention, a frame tag is created for every I-frame. The I-frame having the frame tag is compressed and transmitted in a way that, when a difference between the pixels of the respective I- frames having the frame tags and the previous I-frames is calculated and the difference is within a threshold valve, that is, within 10 percent of the entire pixel value, a current I-frame image is replaced by a tag number of the previous frame so that only the tag number of the previous frame, replaced by the tag number of the current frame, is compressed and transmitted.
The I-frame having the frame tag is compressed and transmitted in a way that, when the difference between the pixels of the respective I-frames having the frame tags and the previous I-frames is calculated and the difference is greater than the threshold value, that is, than 10 percent of the entire pixel value, the tag number of the current I-frame and an image of the current frame are compressed and transmitted.
For this, as illustrated in FIG. 3, in order to compress a moving picture for a streaming service, an I-frame according to a scene change is created by analyzing an input moving picture (Sl) . Respective numerals are assigned to respective frames created in the operation Sl and the initial I-frame creates an I-frame tag setting a reference flag bit to 0 (S2) .
After the I-frame tag is created, differences between a second I-frame to the current I-frame and the previous I- frames are obtained and it is determined whether the differences are smaller than the threshold value (S3) .
That is, the calculation for the threshold value is performed by which the current pixel values are summated and the differences between the pixels of the current I-frame and the previously transmitted I-frames are summated to determine whether the differences reach 10 percent of the sum of the current pixel values.
In the operation S3, the differences between the current I-frame and the previous I-frames are obtained. Then, if the differences are smaller than the threshold value, a previous frame tag of a previous I-frame, among the previous frames, having the smallest difference from the threshold value is replaced by the current I-frame (S4). Then, only the frame tag having a frame numeral, replaced by the flag bit 0, is compressed instead of the replaced I-frame (S5) .
In the operation S3, the differences between the current I-frame and the previous I-frames are obtained. If the differences are greater than the threshold value, the current I-frame is set to an I-frame, and an I-frame tag in which the numeral of the current I-frame and the reference flag bit are 1 is created, and both the created I-frame and I-frame tag are compressed (S6 and S7) . That is, in the operation S3, if the differences of the current I-frame and the previous I-frames are smaller than the threshold value, only the frame tag having a frame numeral replaced by the flag bit 0 is compressed. If the differences between the current I-frame and the previous I- frames are greater than the threshold value, an I-frame tag in which the numeral of the current I-frame and the reference flag bit are 1 is created.
If compression of the I-frame and the I-frame tag is completed, other B- and P-frames are created with reference to the I-frame to be transmitted, and are compressed and transmitted (S8).
As illustrated in FIG. 4, in a procedure of restoring the compressed and transmitted moving picture, the compressed I-frame is restored from the received and input moving picture (SIl) and it is determined whether only the frame tag is compressed in the restored I-frame (S12) . That is, after it is determined whether the I-frame tag is 0 or 1, if the I- frame tag is 0, since only the I-frame and the previous frame numeral are compressed, the I-frame of the corresponding numeral, that has been already transmitted, is restored ( S13 ) .
In the operation S12, it is determined whether the frame tag of the restored I-frame is 0 or 1. If the restored I-frame tag is 1, the compressed and transmitted I-frame is restored and the B- and P-frames are restored using the restored I-frame so that the entire moving picture is restores (S14 and S15) .
Differently from a method using the GOP structure during compression for a streaming service of a digital moving picture, the compressing method according to the embodiment of the present invention increases the compression rate by providing a flag to respective I-frames and using the I-frame flags instead of the I-frames in the case of an image similar to the previously compressed I-frame. The method of compressing and restoring a moving picture according to the present invention remarkably increases the compression rate when similar scenes are frequently changed while maintaining the image quality. The method compresses a moving picture on variable time when a predetermined amount of the moving picture is stored and reproduced like in the IPTV, so that the compression can be adaptively performed.
As described above, the method according to the present invention increases the compression rate by providing a flag for each I-frame and using the I-frame flags instead of the I-frames in the case of an image similar to the previously compressed I-frame, differently from a method using the GOP structure during compression for a streaming service of a digital moving picture, so that a high gain can be obtained in the case of a news or a drama in which identical image scenes are frequently changed with time.
Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:
1. A method of compressing and restoring a moving picture using an I-frame tag, the method comprising: a compression procedure comprising:
(i) creating I-frames in correspondence to change of a scene by analyzing an input moving picture and assigning numerals to the created I-frames respectively and setting a reference flag bit of an initial I-frame to 0; (ii) obtaining a difference between a current input I-frame and previous I-frames when the I-frame having a created I-frame tag is input, and determining whether the difference is smaller than a threshold value which is 10 percent of the entire pixel value; (iii) replacing a previous frame tag of a previous I-frame of the previous I-frames, having the smallest difference from the threshold value, by the current I-frame and compressing only the frame tag constituted by the flag bit 0 and the replaced frame numeral instead of the replaced I-frame, when the difference is smaller than the threshold value in the operation (ii) ;
(iv) setting the current input I-frame to an I- frame, creating an I-frame tag in which the numeral of the current input I-frame and a reference flag bit is 1, and compressing both the created I-frame and the I-frame tag, when the difference is greater than the threshold value in the operation (ii) ; and
(v) creating other B- and P-frames with reference to an I-frame to be transmitted and compressing and transmitting the B- and P-frames, when the compression of the I-frame and the I-frame tag is completed after the operation (iii) and the operation (iv) , and a restoration procedure comprising: (vi) restoring the I-frame compressed from a received and input moving picture, determining whether the restored I-frame tag is 0 or 1, and restoring the I-frame of the corresponding numeral, that has been compressed together with the frame tag and has been previously transmitted, when the I-frame tag is 0; and
(vii) restoring the compressed and transmitted I-frame and restoring the entire moving picture by restoring the B- and P-frames by using the restored I- frame, when the I-frame tag restored in the operation (vi) is 1.
PCT/KR2007/004387 2007-02-15 2007-09-11 Method of compressing and restoring moving picture using i frame tag Ceased WO2008100000A1 (en)

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