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WO2008151730A1 - Dispositif et procédé de production de courant à partir de chaleur - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de production de courant à partir de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008151730A1
WO2008151730A1 PCT/EP2008/004310 EP2008004310W WO2008151730A1 WO 2008151730 A1 WO2008151730 A1 WO 2008151730A1 EP 2008004310 W EP2008004310 W EP 2008004310W WO 2008151730 A1 WO2008151730 A1 WO 2008151730A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
turbine
medium
evaporator
generator
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2008/004310
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hermann Helmbold
Franz Wimmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Conpower Energieanlagen GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Conpower Energieanlagen GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=39864667&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2008151730(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Conpower Energieanlagen GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Conpower Energieanlagen GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP08773354A priority Critical patent/EP2156019A1/fr
Publication of WO2008151730A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008151730A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/32—Arrangement, mounting, or driving, of auxiliaries
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/36—Power transmission arrangements between the different shafts of the gas turbine plant, or between the gas-turbine plant and the power user
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/60—Application making use of surplus or waste energy
    • F05D2220/64—Application making use of surplus or waste energy for domestic central heating or production of electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05D2220/76—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05D2220/766—Application in combination with an electrical generator via a direct connection, i.e. a gearless transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05D2220/76—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05D2220/768—Application in combination with an electrical generator equipped with permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/50—Bearings
    • F05D2240/51—Magnetic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/60—Shafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for generating electricity from heat, with a generator and the dynamics of a moving medium receiving turbine, according to the preamble of claim 1 and 15.
  • the dynamics of the medium receiving turbine wheel is often connected via a gearbox with the power generator. This applies both to slow-running turbine wheels such as in the wind energy intake, but also in steam power plants. There are used equally gear for motion coupling. These should lead to a homogenization between turbine speed and generator speed by appropriate reduction or translation.
  • the invention is therefore the object of a device of the generic type to that effect develop further that the coupling between the turbine and generator is free of said mechanical disadvantages, and the energy consumption and ultimately the energy conversion from the medium is more effectively usable.
  • the core of the invention is that the turbine and the
  • the turbine is a radial centripetal turbine, which flows laterally to the axis of rotation with the medium and the medium in the axial direction can be centrally flowed out of the turbine.
  • This is structurally particularly for compact systems of considerable advantage.
  • Another advantage lies in the optimal efficiency of such a turbine wheel construction, which is provided with curved laterally approaching blades.
  • the generator is a brushless, preferably a generator with permanent magnets.
  • the friction resistances are significantly lower than with a generator with brushes.
  • Air bearings are sections on bearing shafts that are surface-textured. This leads to a higher speed Air cushion on which the bearing shaft or the supported shaft then runs.
  • the low-temperature ORC plant (Organic Rankine Cycle) also has at least one evaporator stage, at least one condensation stage, and a pump for returning the condensed medium from the condenser stage to the evaporator stage.
  • the turbine-generator arrangement works optimized.
  • a particular embodiment is that the pump is also arranged on the common and / or jointly mounted axis together with the generator and the turbine.
  • the ORC system can be built extremely compact. For structural realization, only the wiring must be made accordingly, but this is completely easy. Due to the co-arrangement of the return pump for the circulating medium on the same axis as the turbine and generator, thus eliminating conversion losses of otherwise existing electrical components.
  • the pump is mechanically taken directly to the power consumption of the impinged turbine. Overall, this increases the overall efficiency, which is clearly visible in the energy balance.
  • low-temperature evaporating fluorinated hydrocarbons are used as the medium. These media evaporate at room temperature or below. When the system is operated at an evaporation temperature well above room temperature, it works with good pressure values to generate an effective flow to the turbine.
  • a particularly advantageous material for use as a medium is 1, 1, 1,33-pentafluoro-propane.
  • the evaporator can be heated via a heat exchanger, which consists of a heat transfer medium (water or thermal oil)
  • Solar panels is operable. Systems of this kind even have an enormous utility value for private applications in residential buildings. Thus, the solar heat of conventional solar panels can at least partially exude the heat, and feed the electricity into the power grid.
  • An inventive device according to this embodiment has a very good efficiency. It may be competitive with semiconductor solar cell systems as a combined facility for either low wattage or combined heat and power generation.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is that the evaporator can be heated via a heat exchanger, which in turn can be heated from waste heat. So the said device can also be used and used there be where energy is generated in the form of waste heat, which is then emitted via this ORC technological design.
  • the evaporator and the solar collector or the solar panels have a common closed medium circuit, such that the evaporator medium can be heated directly without heat exchanger in the tubes of the solar panels.
  • the evaporator medium can be heated directly without heat exchanger in the tubes of the solar panels.
  • a last advantageous embodiment is that while the capacitor stage is designed as a tube bundle or as a kind of heat sink with a folded surface through which the heat transfer to the environment, to a house heating, in a district heating network or in a heat storage can be issued.
  • the cooling of the capacitor is carried out by heat exchange with the environment, or in the manner specified above.
  • a device of this type has a considerable benefit in terms of climate-friendly energy production.
  • the essence of the invention is that the evaporation temperature T2 in the evaporator during operation between 50 0 C and 130 0 C and is set, and that after passing through the medium through the turbine, a cooling by at least 30 K takes place.
  • the evaporation temperature T2 is preferably set at about 70 0 C.
  • a temperature control is specified, in which the
  • Condensation cooling in the condenser is cooled by a heat exchanger approximately to the return temperature Tl of the medium to the evaporator, such that the temperature differences .DELTA.T between return temperature Tl and evaporator temperature T2, are the same in both directions.
  • the waste heat produced in the condensation cooling is used as heating energy or is separately nachverstromt on the temperature level obtained.
  • Figure 1 embodiment with turbine and generator on one axis.
  • Figure 2 Radial centripetal turbine.
  • FIG. 3 exemplary embodiment with turbine
  • Figure 4 embodiment with integration of the evaporator stage directly in solar panels.
  • Figure 1 shows a first embodiment in which the turbine of the turbine 3 are arranged with the generator on a physically common axis A. It should be noted here that, in contrast to the prior art described above, the turbine and the
  • the turbine wheel of the turbine 3 is using the effluent from the evaporator 1 evaporator medium, in this example
  • Turbine wheel of the turbine 3 flows.
  • the so-flowed turbine wheel absorbs this energy and through the rotationally fixed connection via the common axis A with the generator 4, and the rotor of the generator 4, this is driven.
  • the generator is designed, for example, as a brushless permanent-magnet-excited generator.
  • the generated electrical energy is then at the output 10.
  • the turbine 3 is equipped as a radial centripetal turbine with a turbine wheel 11 shown in more detail later in FIG. 2, in which the medium flows tangentially onto the turbine wheel 11 and is then centrally discharged by means of a corresponding lamination.
  • the medium flows into a condenser 2, which cools down the medium again via a heat exchanger 7.
  • the heat absorbed in turn can be used again, or nachverströmt, or recycled.
  • the cooled and condensed medium is cooled down to a condensation temperature of T2 and pumped via a return pump 5 back into the evaporator 1. This is externally supplied with heat and the process then continues. This means that the medium is in a closed cycle.
  • a coolant is passed through a heat exchanger pipe at a low temperature.
  • the heat absorbed by the heat exchanger 7 is either used or recycled in the said manner.
  • Generator 4 and turbine 3 can also be housed in an assembly 20.
  • An exemplary temperature control will vary depending on the pressure and medium used, such that T1, i. the
  • a coolant is supplied at about T3 equal to 10 0 C and discharged to about T4 equal to 40 0 C again.
  • Turbine wheel 11 This is flowed at the edge in approximately tangential to the vaporized medium.
  • the medium is conducted through the lamellar guide to the center of the turbine wheel and can flow out there centrally, before it is then fed to the capacitor as in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a particularly advantageous embodiment, in which not only generator 4 and turbine 3 or turbine wheel 11 and rotor are arranged on a common physical axis A, but additionally the
  • Return pump 5 This has not only the advantage that the energy for the return pump 5 is applied directly from the generated mechanical energy of the turbine wheel, which further increases the efficiency, but the design of the entire device is characterized even more compact.
  • FIG 4 shows an embodiment in which instead of a separate evaporator 1, the bottom side as shown in Figure 1 thermal energy must be supplied through the evaporator heat exchanger 40, instead now the evaporator 30 is integrated into the tubes of a solar collector immediately.
  • the tubes of the solar collector must be installed only pressure resistant and designed so that the absorbed solar energy, the medium, for example, the said penta-fluoropropane is immediately evaporated in the tubes of the solar collector 30, and the steam is then fed directly to the turbine.
  • the further embodiment can then be formed again according to FIG. 1 or FIG. In both cases, the evaporator 1 need only be exchanged for a pressure-resistant solar collector 30.
  • the bearings of the common axis may also be magnetic or air bearing, which both increases the smoothness, and greatly reduces the friction losses. Overall, this feature also increases the achievable in the overall process efficiency.
  • butane or penta-fluoro-propane are exemplary only. Possible are all media with correspondingly low boiling point.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé de production de courant à partir de chaleur, comprenant un générateur et une turbine qui capte la dynamique d'un milieu en mouvement, selon le préambule des revendications 1 et 15 de ce brevet. L'objectif de l'invention est d'obtenir un accouplement entre la turbine et le générateur qui ne présente aucun des inconvénients mécaniques mentionnés et de pouvoir exploiter de façon plus efficace l'absorption d'énergie, puis la conversion d'énergie à partir du milieu. A cette fin, la turbine (3) ou la roue de turbine (11) et le générateur (4) sont placés sur un axe (A) commun et/ou monté de manière commune.
PCT/EP2008/004310 2007-06-14 2008-05-30 Dispositif et procédé de production de courant à partir de chaleur Ceased WO2008151730A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08773354A EP2156019A1 (fr) 2007-06-14 2008-05-30 Dispositif et procédé de production de courant à partir de chaleur

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007027349.7 2007-06-14
DE102007027349A DE102007027349B4 (de) 2007-06-14 2007-06-14 Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Stromerzeugung aus Wärme

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008151730A1 true WO2008151730A1 (fr) 2008-12-18

Family

ID=39864667

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/004310 Ceased WO2008151730A1 (fr) 2007-06-14 2008-05-30 Dispositif et procédé de production de courant à partir de chaleur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2156019A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102007027349B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008151730A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007035058A1 (de) 2007-07-26 2009-01-29 Conpower Energieanlagen Gmbh & Co Kg Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Stromerzeugung

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU641839A1 (ru) * 1975-07-10 1981-09-07 Научно-Производственное Объединение Автоматгормаш Преобразователь пневматической энергии в электрическую
US4362020A (en) 1981-02-11 1982-12-07 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Hermetic turbine generator
WO1992005342A1 (fr) 1990-09-26 1992-04-02 Oy High Speed Tech. Ltd. Procede permettant d'assurer la lubrification de paliers dans une machine a haute vitesse hermetique
US5481145A (en) * 1992-11-18 1996-01-02 Anton Piller Gmbh & Co. Kg Power recovery plant
GB2407921A (en) * 2003-11-04 2005-05-11 Total Reclaim Systems Ltd Electricity generating unit
EP1367690B1 (fr) 1998-03-19 2005-12-14 Light Engineering Corporation Moteur à turbine à gaz accouplée directe à un générateur électrique sans engrénage réducteur
DE202006017581U1 (de) * 2006-11-17 2007-01-25 Brückner, Jürgen, Dr. Ing. Vorrichtung zur autarken Stromerzeugung mittels solarthermischer Kopplung an den ORC-Prozeß
WO2007033958A1 (fr) 2005-09-19 2007-03-29 Solvay Fluor Gmbh Fluide de travail pour un processus orc, processus orc et dispositif orc
WO2008074637A1 (fr) * 2006-12-20 2008-06-26 Abb Technology Ag Utilisation d'un turbocompresseur et système de conversion de la chaleur résiduelle

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4444587A1 (de) * 1994-12-14 1996-06-20 Siemens Ag Turbine mit einer magnetisch gelagerten Welle
DE102006004836A1 (de) 2005-11-17 2007-05-24 Frank Eckert Organic Rankine Zyklus (ORC)- Turbogenerator

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU641839A1 (ru) * 1975-07-10 1981-09-07 Научно-Производственное Объединение Автоматгормаш Преобразователь пневматической энергии в электрическую
US4362020A (en) 1981-02-11 1982-12-07 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Hermetic turbine generator
WO1992005342A1 (fr) 1990-09-26 1992-04-02 Oy High Speed Tech. Ltd. Procede permettant d'assurer la lubrification de paliers dans une machine a haute vitesse hermetique
US5481145A (en) * 1992-11-18 1996-01-02 Anton Piller Gmbh & Co. Kg Power recovery plant
EP1367690B1 (fr) 1998-03-19 2005-12-14 Light Engineering Corporation Moteur à turbine à gaz accouplée directe à un générateur électrique sans engrénage réducteur
GB2407921A (en) * 2003-11-04 2005-05-11 Total Reclaim Systems Ltd Electricity generating unit
WO2007033958A1 (fr) 2005-09-19 2007-03-29 Solvay Fluor Gmbh Fluide de travail pour un processus orc, processus orc et dispositif orc
DE202006017581U1 (de) * 2006-11-17 2007-01-25 Brückner, Jürgen, Dr. Ing. Vorrichtung zur autarken Stromerzeugung mittels solarthermischer Kopplung an den ORC-Prozeß
WO2008074637A1 (fr) * 2006-12-20 2008-06-26 Abb Technology Ag Utilisation d'un turbocompresseur et système de conversion de la chaleur résiduelle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102007027349A1 (de) 2008-12-24
EP2156019A1 (fr) 2010-02-24
DE202007018628U1 (de) 2009-01-15
DE102007027349B4 (de) 2009-02-05

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