[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2008037012A1 - Dispositif de sécurité aquatique - Google Patents

Dispositif de sécurité aquatique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008037012A1
WO2008037012A1 PCT/AU2007/001430 AU2007001430W WO2008037012A1 WO 2008037012 A1 WO2008037012 A1 WO 2008037012A1 AU 2007001430 W AU2007001430 W AU 2007001430W WO 2008037012 A1 WO2008037012 A1 WO 2008037012A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aquatic
environment
safety device
deterrent body
deterrent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU2007/001430
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rhett Holt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CIVILISED PLAYGROUND Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
CIVILISED PLAYGROUND Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2006905326A external-priority patent/AU2006905326A0/en
Application filed by CIVILISED PLAYGROUND Pty Ltd filed Critical CIVILISED PLAYGROUND Pty Ltd
Priority to AU2007302612A priority Critical patent/AU2007302612A1/en
Publication of WO2008037012A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008037012A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/06—Safety devices; Coverings for baths

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to an aquatic safety device and more particularly a safety device that can be located near a boundary between an aquatic environment and a land environment in order to deter individuals from entering the aquatic environment.
  • the invention is particularly applicable as a safety device for a swimming pool and it will be convenient to hereinafter disclose the invention in relation to that exemplary application.
  • the invention is not limited to that application and could be used as a safety device for other aquatic environments such as rivers, canals, moats, dams or the like.
  • Aquatic environments are popular recreational areas. Every year parents and their children spend afternoons, weekends, and their holidays at residential pools, spas, beaches, rivers, lakes and other similar aquatic styled holiday destinations. While these aquatic environments can provide a relatively safe and relaxing place for teenagers and adults, the same environment can be very dangerous for younger children in terms of drowning.
  • an aquatic safety device for deterring individuals from entering an aquatic environment from an adjoining land environment, including: a deterrent body which is located in use in the aquatic environment, the deterrent body having a visible section which extends above the water surface when in use in the aquatic environment, the visible section being configured to make the deterrent body appear to be at least partially submerged to an individual located on the adjoining land environment.
  • the present invention therefore provides a deterrent body positioned in an aquatic environment that is readily visible to an individual from an adjoining land environment.
  • the deterrent body has a configuration that provides a visible warning and more preferably a psychological warning to an individual viewing the deterrent body from an adjoining land environment that the aquatic environment is dangerous and should not be entered.
  • the deterrent body includes a submerged three point windmill apparatus which includes three balls of varying size located at on a distal end of different blades of the windmill.
  • water causes objects to look bigger when they are submerged, effectively short circuiting depth perception. Therefore, it is thought that by using established perceptual illusions, to influence visual illusions children can be repelled from investigating the aqueous environment.
  • the visible section is configured in a shape or form which would be more easily recognised by these younger individuals. More preferably, the visible section is configured in a shape or form which would create an object permanence reaction in the younger individual perception.
  • the shape or form should preferably be one that a younger individual would recognise as having missing sections or appear visually altered when sections of that object are submerged below the surface of the aquatic environment. Examples of suitable objects include toys such as teddy bears or dolls and animals such as cats, dogs or the like.
  • the visible section has a generally human like form. It is preferable that the human like form appears to be at least partially submerged to at least waist height when viewed from the adjoining land environment.
  • most young individuals such as infants and children recognise a human form from a young age, and the common attributes of the basic human form such as legs, arms, torso, neck, head, face and the like. The young individual should therefore be able to recognise when certain elements of this perceived human form are missing.
  • the visible section includes at least the upper torso section of a human like form
  • the visible section is positioned in the aquatic environment with the upper torso extending out of the waters surface from at least waist height.
  • a young individual should be able to recognise that the leg and waist sections are missing or are at least visually distorted by the aqueous environment, and conclude that the human form is partially submerged in the aqueous environment.
  • the visible section has a simple rough human like form which provides a basic silhouette of a human shape to a individual located on the adjoining land environment.
  • the visible section is a more detailed replica of a human form having an upper torso which includes arms, a neck and a head.
  • the human like form has a mannequin type arrangement, in which sections of the mannequin are articulated to allow the mannequin to be posed in different positions.
  • the arms of the upper torso can in some arrangements be configured in a gesture conveying danger and/or distress. These gestures can provide further visual warnings to an individual that there is danger in entering the aquatic environment.
  • the visible section includes a head that has facial features.
  • these facial features can be modelled in a number of poses to provoke different responses in an individual viewing the visible section of the deterrent body.
  • the facial features of the face could have a neutral pose.
  • the facial features of the face could have an emotional pose such as happiness, anger, sadness or the like.
  • the face is configured with facial features that provide an appearance of distress and/or fear. Again, such facial feature configurations can provide further visual warnings to an individual that there is danger in entering the aquatic environment.
  • the deterrent body preferably includes a stand arrangement that locates the visible section substantially above the waters surface of the aquatic environment.
  • this stand arrangement can comprise a supplementary structural arrangement to the visible section under the surface of the water.
  • this stand arrangement substantially comprises an underwater structure of the deterrent body.
  • the stand provides a support element which extends from a base or floor of the aquatic environment substantially to the water's surface.
  • the visible section is secured on top of the stand at a height at which it extends generally upwardly from a location slightly below or at the waters surface.
  • the stand can have any desired arrangement.
  • the stand has a human form, comprising a rigid or fixable lower torso and leg portion of a human form.
  • the leg portions include weighted sections which anchor the legs to the floor or base of the aquatic environment.
  • the stand has a non-human type configuration.
  • a stand has a base which includes a weight section to anchor the deterrent body to the floor or base, a fastening section, which supports and fastens the visible section and a strut which extends between the base and fastening section to support the fastening section a predetermined distance above the floor or base of the aqueous environment.
  • the stand arrangement has an adjustment section that allows the height of the visible section to be adjusted relative to a base of the stand arrangement.
  • the adjustment section is formed in the strut. Suitable adjustment sections include screw arrangements, telescopic arrangements, folding structures, interconnected sliding structures and the like.
  • the stand arrangement can include a base having a cone like shape.
  • a cone base when used in a pool environment, would allow the use of an automated pool cleaner. In this arrangement, the cone base would provide a more curved contact with a pool cleaner and therefore provide less of an obstruction to the functioning of the pool cleaner.
  • the stand can comprise a floating structure.
  • the deterrent body need not be a physical body.
  • the deterrent body is formed by a hologram which with the help of a holographic apparatus provides the appearance of a body being partially submerged in the aqueous environment.
  • the holographic apparatus is a computer generated pool paint coating that generates image of partially submerged human in the aquatic environment and preferably for 360 degrees around the horizontal plan of the aquatic environment when viewed from the land environment.
  • the deterrent body comprises depth related pictures rendered on a surface having a portion submerged in the aqueous environment. In this embodiment, common pictures (for example of teddy bears) are located at progressively lower depths with increasing size on the surface.
  • the pictures are rendered on the side of the pool, at the deepest section. It is thought that the progressive series of pictures compensate for water magnification and therefore depth will be effectively demonstrated to an individual viewing the series of pictures, such as for example a human infant.
  • the safety device can therefore include an alarm system which is triggered when a body enters the aquatic environment.
  • an alarm system which is triggered when a body enters the aquatic environment.
  • suitable alarms are presently generally available such as for example water disturbance alarms, light sensors, motion detectors, audio detectors (aquatic microphones) or the like.
  • the alarm system is triggered by audible signals from an individual that enters the aquatic environment.
  • the aquatic environment that the deterrent body is immerse in is a swimming pool, more preferably a residential swimming pool.
  • the land environment is the land surrounding the pool.
  • the safety device could be a stand alone device which can be located in the swimming pool, a device which is attached to another device such as for example an automated pool cleaner, or in a preferred embodiment formed as part of a pool cover.
  • a method of deterring individuals from entering an aquatic environment from an adjoining land environment including: locating a deterrent body in an aquatic environment, the deterrent body having a visible section which extends above the water surface when in use in the aquatic environment, the visible section be configured to make the deterrent body appear to be at least partially submerged to an individual located on the adjoining land environment.
  • the deterrent body is positioned in the aquatic environment relative the adjoining land environment such that the visible section is clearly visible to an individual located at a boundary between the aquatic environment and the adjoining land environment.
  • Figure 1 is an upper perspective representation of a pool area as viewed from adult height.
  • Figure 2 is a side cross-section of the pool area shown in Figure 1 with an aquatic safety device according to the present invention immersed therein.
  • Figure 3 is an upper perspective view of the set up shown in Figure 2 from adult height.
  • Figure 4 is an upper perspective view of the set up shown in Figure 2 from child or infant height.
  • Figure 5 is a copy of photograph showing one preferred embodiment of a safety device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a top perspective view of a pool area 10 which includes a swimming pool 11 which encloses a body of water 12.
  • the illustrated aquatic environment is representative of pool 11 areas that can be found within a fenced off area in a number of residential backyards in Australia and around the world.
  • the illustrated pool 11 is defined by a cubic recess (Fig 2) sunk in a land environment 14 having a planar surface. This provides a square shaped water surface 16 surrounded on four sides by land 14, as shown by the checker patterned surface.
  • the boundary 18 between the aquatic environment of the pool 11 is shown as a wooden textured frame which extends completely around the perimeter of the pool 11.
  • FIG 2 there is shown a cross-sectional side view of the same aquatic pool 11 shown in Figure 1.
  • This view clearly shows that the pool 11 has a floor 19 and four side walls 19A (three of which are shown in the view shown in Figure 2).
  • a generally human shaped deterrent body 20 is shown immersed in the body of water 12 contained in the pool 11.
  • the deterrent body 20 is essentially an aquatic mannequin having two arms 21 , two legs 22, a torso 23, a neck 24 and a head 25.
  • the head 25 of the illustrated deterrent body 20 has very basic features that include a nose 26, two eyes 27 and two ears 28.
  • the deterrent body 20 is shown in Figures 2 to 4 positioned in the pool 11 in a location where is can be utilised as a safety device according to the present invention.
  • the deterrent body 20 is immersed in the pool 11 to almost to shoulder height, with its lower torso 23, arms 21 and legs 22 submerged in the body of water 12.
  • the deterrent body 20 is kept immersed in this position through the use of two weights 29 affixed to the base of each foot 30 of the legs 22.
  • the weights 29 have sufficient mass to hold each foot 20 of the deterrent body 20 on the floor 19 of the pool 11.
  • the legs 22 and torso 23 of the deterrent body 20 are substantially rigid and therefore enable the deterrent body 20 to stand in a generally upright position as shown in Figure 2.
  • the arms 21 are fixed in position so as to keep them submerged in the illustrated position. It should however be understood that the arms and legs 22 and other sections of the deterrent body 20 could include points of articulation which would allow a user to pose the deterrent body 20 in a desired configuration.
  • the deterrent body 20 provides the visual appearance of a human form submerged in the pool 11 in the position shown in Figure 2. In this sense, the deterrent body 20 acts an 'aquatic scarecrow' where a stationary 'human look' mannequin is positioned in an aquatic environment to ward off infants from an aquatic edge or boundary 18.
  • the combination of the human form of the deterrent body 20 and partial submersion of the deterrent body 20 in the pool 11 provides a perceptual barrier that deters children, and in particular infants, from having potentially dangerous encounters with the aquatic environment.
  • the applicant believes that the deterrent function of the aquatic scarecrow is based primarily on two psychological principals; object permanence as theorised by Jean Piaget and the visual cliff experiments as researched by Gibson & Walk.
  • object permanence is an ability to know that an object exists even though that person cannot see it.
  • This skill is important in the early development of infants, who rapidly develop object permanence skills. Once children have developed this skill, they are quickly able to determine the full form of an object even when only shown parts or sections of the whole.
  • Gibson and Walk (1960) designed a "visual cliff' to test the perceptual skills of infants.
  • the visual cliff is a glass-top table having a check pattern positioned close to the glass under one half of the table (the "shallow” side) and a distance away from the glass under the other half of the table (the “deep” side).
  • the applicant reasoned that it should be possible to create a depth gauge for children by using everyday objects which provoke object permanence recognition. More specifically, by submerging a familiar form such as for example a human shape in water at a specific height, the infant would be provided with the correct stimulus to perceive the aqueous environment as a virtual cliff and therefore pose a perceptual barrier reaction much like was found in the original virtual cliff experiments of Gibson and Walk. In this respect, the object permanence skill of the infant would allow the infant to reason that the human shape is missing sections or at least has sections that are visually distorted (due to the refractive index of the aqueous environment), and that therefore these sections must be submerged below the waters surface.
  • Figures 3 and 4 visually illustrate this theory in relation to the pool 11 and deterrent body 20 shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • Figure 3 shows the deterrent body 20 and pool 11 of Figure 2 when viewed at an adult's eye height close to the boundary 18 between the body of water 12 and land 14.
  • Figure 4 shows the deterrent body 20 and pool 11 of Figure 2 when viewed at an infants eye height close the boundary 18 between the body of water 12 and land 14.
  • a typical adult views the pool 11 and waters surface 16 from a height of between 1.5 to 2 meters above the ground. From this perspective the body of water 12 is transparent allowing the adult to see through the waters surface 16 and observe the details of the submerged sections of the deterrent body 20 and also the sidewalls 19A and floor 19 of the pool 11. The transparency is due to the angle of viewing, the reflective index of the body of water 12 and the close proximity of the deterrent body 20 to the boundary 18. An adult's experience of these environments and these visual clues would indicate that the pool 11 contains a body of water and that caution should be used.
  • the infant view of the pool 11 shown in Figure 4 is at a much lower height relative to the surface of the water 16.
  • An infant therefore has a very different perspective that that viewed at adult height as shown in Figure 3.
  • the reflective index of the body of water 12 and the close proximity of the deterrent body 20 to the boundary 18 makes the waters surface 16 less transparent and in some cases reflective.
  • an infant may not be able to see through the waters surface 16 and observe the details of the submerged sections of the deterrent body 20 or the sidewalls 19A and floor 19 of the pool 11.
  • the waters surface 16 may appear to be a solid surface, and with their limited experience the infant may conclude that such a surface would be safe to traverse.
  • the presence of an object in the waters surface 16 breaks up this continuity and provides extra visual stimuli for the infant to make decisions.
  • the submerged human form of the deterrent body 20 prompts the infant to use its object permanence skills to determine that part of the human form is missing and conclude that the human form must in fact be partially submerged.
  • the infant should therefore realise that the water surface 16 in front of them is masking a virtual cliff and this should prompt a psychological reaction preventing them from attempting to traverse the waters surface 16.
  • the human form of the deterrent body 20 typically has more aesthetically pleasing features than the rough approximation shown in Figures 2 to 4. Accordingly, Figure 5 shows a more refined embodiment of the deterrent body 20.
  • the illustrated deterrent body 30 includes an upper visual section 31 which has a human mannequin form comprising an upper torso section 32, arms 34, neck 35 and head 36.
  • the head 36 has detailed and clearly identified features including two ears 37, and facial features such as eyes 38, a nose 39, a mouth 40 and eyebrows 41.
  • the visual section 31 is also clothed with a checked shirt 42 and a cap headwear 44. Accordingly, the overall general appearance of the visual section 31 is that of a typical human adult.
  • the deterrent body 30 also includes a lower stand section (not illustrated) which can be attached below the visual section 31 and is designed to support the visual section, to raise the visual section 21 to a fixed height above the ground or floor on which it is supported.
  • the stand When immersed in a pool 11 as for example illustrated in Figure 1 , the stand would be configured to support the visual section 31 and raise it to a sufficient height so that at least part of the visual section 31 extends out of the body of water 12.
  • the stand would support the visual section 31 so that at least the shoulders 47 of the torso section 32 and head 25 project through the waters surface 16, in a similar configuration as the deterrent body 20 shown in Figures 2 to 4.
  • the stand can be any structure capable of supporting the mannequin form of the visual section 31.
  • the stand comprises a weighted ground engaging base, a support platform positioned at a height above the base which secures and supports the visual section 31 and a generally vertical strut which extends between the base and support platform.
  • the weighted base has a mass selected to keep the relevant sections structure of the deterrent body 30 (visual section 31 and base) submerged in the body of water 12.
  • the support structure may form part of an existing pool 11 apparatus.
  • the deterrent body 30 could be formed as part of a pool 11 cover (not illustrated). This would provide a mannequin type visual section 31 which would help avert infant pool 11 engagement equipped with a pool 11 blanket covering the surface.
  • the deterrent body 30 could be attached to an automated pool 11 cleaner (not illustrated) such as the well known creepy crawly type used in Australia. The deterrent body 30 would move with the automated cleaner.
  • the mannequin visual section 31 shown in Figure 5 has an articulated shoulders 47, elbows 48 and neck 35.
  • the visual section 31 can therefore be posed in different configurations including warning poses with the arms 34 outstretched and palms out, and other poses signally distress or fear.
  • the look of distress or fear of the visual section 31 could be enhanced by using make up or particular facial features configurations which show these emotions. This could be provided by permanent configuration of the features on manufacture, make-up techniques or interchangeable heads or masks for the head 36.
  • Other safety systems can also be housed or fitted to the deterrent body 20, 30 shown in the figures.
  • a sub-surface alarm (not illustrated) and/ or aquatic alarm such as for example an underwater microphone (not illustrated) could be fitted to visually and/or audible alert an supervisor that an infant has fallen into the body of water. This could occur through an accident caused by surprise or the child simply missing the deterrent body 20, 30 by walking backwards into the pool 11.
  • Other forms of alarms possible include an underwater hearing device equipped with sound recognition to identify submersed humans and trigger siren (not illustrated).
  • the deterrent body 20, 30 includes a surface disturber (not shown), which includes a submerged vibration unit that disturb consistency of aquatic environment to avert infant aquatic engagement.
  • a safety device incorporating the deterrent body 30 shown in Figure 5 was set up at the centre of a swimming pool with the deterrent body 30 immersed up to its waist to provide the appearance of a partially submerged human adult in the swimming pool.
  • the safety device was positioned so that it was clearly visible from a test edge of the pool.
  • the safety device served as an effective deterrent to interaction of the children with the aquatic edge and water in the pool.
  • Each child observed the presence of the safety device in the pool, and thereafter did not place a part of their body near or in the water of the pool. Given the children's limited aquatic experience, it is thought that this response was independent of individual capacity with aquatics among students regarded as incapable swimmers.
  • the safety device according to the present invention has in deterring children under four years old from interacting with an aquatic environment in which the safety device is placed, it is thought that if the safety device is implemented worldwide, it could prevent the drowning of thousands of infants each year.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne d'une manière générale un dispositif de sécurité aquatique et, plus particulièrement, un dispositif de sécurité qui peut être situé près de la limite entre un environnement aquatique et un environnement terrestre afin de dissuader des individus d'entrer dans l'environnement aquatique. Le dispositif de sécurité aquatique comprend d'une manière générale un corps dissuasif qui est situé en utilisation dans l'environnement aquatique, le corps dissuasif ayant une section visible qui s'étend au-dessus de la surface de l'eau lorsqu'il est en utilisation dans l'environnement aquatique. La section visible est configurée pour faire que le corps dissuasif apparaisse être au moins partiellement immergé à une personne se trouvant sur l'environnement terrestre adjacent.
PCT/AU2007/001430 2006-09-26 2007-09-26 Dispositif de sécurité aquatique Ceased WO2008037012A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2007302612A AU2007302612A1 (en) 2006-09-26 2007-09-26 Aquatic safety device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2006905326 2006-09-26
AU2006905326A AU2006905326A0 (en) 2006-09-26 Aquatic safety device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008037012A1 true WO2008037012A1 (fr) 2008-04-03

Family

ID=39229630

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2007/001430 Ceased WO2008037012A1 (fr) 2006-09-26 2007-09-26 Dispositif de sécurité aquatique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2007302612A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008037012A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4017842A (en) * 1974-10-21 1977-04-12 Vineyard Mark K Swimming pool alarm system and method with adjustable sensitivity
US4189722A (en) * 1976-11-03 1980-02-19 Lerner Julius O Swimming pool intrusion alarm system
US4604610A (en) * 1985-02-11 1986-08-05 Nathan I. Hennick Swimming pool alarm
US4879545A (en) * 1988-03-14 1989-11-07 Aguilar Alberto B Safety indicator device for low water crossing
US5828304A (en) * 1997-03-19 1998-10-27 Mowday; Ruth I. Pool monitoring system
US6640504B2 (en) * 2000-09-11 2003-11-04 Flg Industries, Inc. Moveable swimming pool floor

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4017842A (en) * 1974-10-21 1977-04-12 Vineyard Mark K Swimming pool alarm system and method with adjustable sensitivity
US4189722A (en) * 1976-11-03 1980-02-19 Lerner Julius O Swimming pool intrusion alarm system
US4604610A (en) * 1985-02-11 1986-08-05 Nathan I. Hennick Swimming pool alarm
US4879545A (en) * 1988-03-14 1989-11-07 Aguilar Alberto B Safety indicator device for low water crossing
US5828304A (en) * 1997-03-19 1998-10-27 Mowday; Ruth I. Pool monitoring system
US6640504B2 (en) * 2000-09-11 2003-11-04 Flg Industries, Inc. Moveable swimming pool floor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2007302612A1 (en) 2008-04-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Gibson et al. Going somewhere: An ecological and experimental approach to development of mobility
Gibson The theory of affordances:(1979)
Shell The embodiment of reason: Kant on spirit, generation, and community
US9828784B2 (en) Lifeguard positioning system and submersible devices for use therewith
US7601003B2 (en) Aquatic rescue testing doll
Doyle " These Emotions of the Body": Intercorporeal Narrative in To the Lighthouse
WO2008037012A1 (fr) Dispositif de sécurité aquatique
Drury A God Against the Gods: An Epic Novel of Ancient Egypt
Committee on Injury, Violence, and Poison Prevention Prevention of drowning
Smith Stepping out of self-deception: The Buddha's liberating teaching of no-self
Steiner The redemption of thinking: a study in the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas
Shank A child's fear of the water environment
US20220323828A1 (en) Water skills training device and method of use
Fields When the Fences are Down; Language and Order in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn
US20180268729A1 (en) 3-D Water Incident Simulation
Raychaudhuri A Cultural History of Vertigo: Unbalanced
Larsson Waves of senses; a focus on enjoyful outdoor bathing experiences tailored to individuals with a visual impairment
Ridenour Climbing performance of children: is the above-ground pool wall a climbing barrier?
Baldo Elves and extremism: The use of fantasy in the radical environmentalist movement
Winters Buddhist Meditation Gardens
Bradshaw Water safety
Burwick 1.2 Reflection as Mimetic Trope
Stieg Reinterpreting the Old Testament: Blake's Tiriel as Prophet
Macvicar On the Beautiful, the Picturesque, the Sublime
Rogmans et al. Editorial to the special issue on drowning prevention

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 07815247

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

DPE2 Request for preliminary examination filed before expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101)
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2007302612

Country of ref document: AU

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2007302612

Country of ref document: AU

Date of ref document: 20070926

Kind code of ref document: A

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 07815247

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1