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WO2008016009A1 - Segment de piston - Google Patents

Segment de piston Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008016009A1
WO2008016009A1 PCT/JP2007/064901 JP2007064901W WO2008016009A1 WO 2008016009 A1 WO2008016009 A1 WO 2008016009A1 JP 2007064901 W JP2007064901 W JP 2007064901W WO 2008016009 A1 WO2008016009 A1 WO 2008016009A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston ring
mol
alloy
shape memory
memory alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2007/064901
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Shuichi Miyazaki
Motonobu Onoda
Naoki Okada
Yoshitaka Fujii
Hee Young Kim
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd
Publication of WO2008016009A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008016009A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
    • F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/007—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt with a light metal (alkali metal Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; earth alkali metal Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al Ga, Ge, Ti) or B, Si, Zr, Hf, Sc, Y, lanthanides, actinides, as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston ring. More specifically, the present invention relates to a variable tension piston ring that is disposed in a piston ring groove of a piston in an internal combustion engine used for an automobile, a lawn mower, a generator, etc., and in which the tension in a high temperature state is increased compared to the tension in a low temperature state. .
  • Piston rings are roughly classified into two types: pressure rings and oil rings.
  • the piston ring is composed of only one piston ring, the piston ring body, and this piston ring.
  • an expander is disposed on the inner peripheral surface side of the main body to apply a pressing force in the direction of expanding the piston ring main body.
  • the tension in such a piston ring is usually set so that the piston ring can perform its function even under the most severe conditions in which the piston ring can be used.
  • the tension of the piston ring is set assuming a high speed and high load state of the internal combustion engine.
  • the tension of the piston ring is designed assuming a high speed and high load state.
  • the piston ring is composed of a piston ring main body and an expander
  • the sum of the tension of the piston ring main body and the expander is similarly designed assuming a high speed and high load state.
  • a piston ring has been developed that can change the tension of the piston ring between a low temperature and a high temperature by forming the piston ring from a shape memory alloy.
  • the piston ring in a piston ring composed of only one piston ring, the piston ring is formed of a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy.
  • a technique is disclosed in which the piston ring and the cylinder inner peripheral surface are brought into non-contact and the piston ring and the cylinder inner peripheral surface are brought into contact with each other only when a high temperature is reached! (See paragraphs, etc.)
  • Patent Document 2 in the piston ring composed of a piston ring main body and an expander (coil expander), the expander is formed of a nickel titanium-based shape memory alloy as in Patent Document 1. By doing so, a technique for increasing the tension in the high temperature state than the tension in the low temperature state is disclosed (see the claims of the utility model registration in Patent Document 2).
  • Patent Document 3 discloses a shape memory alloy characterized by adding palladium to nickel-titanium for the purpose of transformation at a higher temperature.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses a shape memory alloy characterized by adding zirconium (or hafnium) to nickel titanium for the same purpose as Patent Document 3.
  • Patent Document 5 discloses a shape with a wide range of transformation temperatures and excellent workability.
  • a shape memory alloy characterized by adding niobium to nickel titanium is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-0666371
  • Patent Document 2 Actual Fairness No. 03-041078
  • Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11 036024
  • Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-008168
  • Patent Document 5 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-119639
  • the current piston ring does not completely solve the problem of friction loss, and needs to be improved to further improve fuel consumption.
  • the piston ring disclosed in Patent Document 1 cannot be applied in a temperature range of 80 ° C. or higher with a force S in which a nickel-titanium alloy is used as a shape memory alloy. The effect cannot be expected in an automobile engine or the like that is subjected to severe temperature conditions.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such a situation, and the tension in the low temperature state and the tension in the high temperature state can be changed within the practical range of the engine, and as a result, the flexion loss is minimized.
  • the main issue is to provide a piston ring that can reduce fuel consumption and improve fuel efficiency.
  • the piston ring of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that 34.7 mol% or more and 48.5 mol% or less of nickel, and 9 mol% or more and 22.5 mol% or less of zirconium and hafnium, It is formed of a shape memory alloy composed of niobium of 1 mol% or more and 30 mol% or less, the remainder of titanium, and inevitable impurities.
  • the piston ring of the present invention may be formed of a shape memory alloy containing 9 mol% or more and 22.5 mol% or less of zirconium and 3 mol% or more and 30 mol% or less of niobium. Good.
  • the shape memory alloy having a specific force of not less than 0.98 and not more than 1.14 is obtained by dividing the total mol% of titanium, zirconium and hafum by mol% of nickel. It's formed with les, even les.
  • the piston ring of the present invention includes a piston ring main body and an expander disposed on the inner peripheral surface side of the piston ring main body. Both or any one of the pandas may be formed of the shape memory alloy.
  • the expander may be a coil expander or a plate expander.
  • the piston ring of the present invention includes a side rail and a spacer expander, and either or both of the side rail and the spacer expander are used.
  • One is made of the shape memory alloy! /
  • the tension at a temperature lower than the reverse transformation peak temperature of the shape memory alloy is 0.;! To 25N, and the reverse transformation peak temperature of the shape memory alloy
  • the tension at the above temperature is preferably 0.2 to 55 N.
  • the piston ring of the present invention may be used as an oil ring or a pressure ring.
  • the piston ring of the present invention nickel of 34.7 mol% or more and 48.5 mol% or less, 9 mol% or more and 22.5 mol% or less of zirconium and hafnium, lmol% or more of niobium of 30 mol% or less, the remaining titanium, unavoidable impurities, force, and other shape memory alloys. Therefore, a high transformation temperature (transformation peak temperature (M *) or reverse transformation peak temperature (A *)) of 80 ° C or higher can be realized.
  • M * transformation peak temperature
  • a * reverse transformation peak temperature
  • the shape memory alloy having the component composition can withstand repeated use at a high temperature, the piston ring made of the shape memory alloy has improved durability.
  • a shape memory alloy having the component composition is excellent in workability because of a higher rolling ratio in cold working than a conventional shape memory alloy. Therefore, the desired shape
  • the components of the shape memory alloy may include 9 mol% or more and 22.5 mol% or less of zirconium, and 3 mol% or more and 30 mol% or less of niobium. You can get power.
  • the ratio obtained by dividing the total mol% of titanium, zirconium and hafnium by mol% of nickel is 0.98 or more and 1.14 or less. An effect can be obtained.
  • the piston ring of the present invention there is no problem even if the piston ring is composed of a piston ring body and an expander disposed on the inner peripheral surface side of the piston ring body. If at least one of the main body and the expander is formed of the shape-memory alloy, the same effect as described above can be obtained, and the expander can be either a coil expander or a plate expander. It is the same even if it is.
  • the piston ring of the present invention includes a side rail and a spacer expander, and both or one of the side rail and the spacer expander is the above-mentioned. Even if it is made of shape memory alloy! That's the power S.
  • the tension at a temperature lower than the reverse transformation peak temperature of the shape memory alloy (temperature assuming starting of the engine: -30 to 50 ° C) is 0. 1 to 25 N
  • the tension at a temperature higher than the reverse transformation peak temperature of the shape memory alloy (temperature assuming high speed rotation after the engine starts, temperature after austenite transformation) is 0.2 to 55 N.
  • piston ring of the present invention can exhibit the above-described effects even if it is used as either an oil ring or a pressure ring.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an image obtained by observing an alloy 6 of a material example of the present invention with a scanning electron microscope.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an image obtained by observing an alloy 8 of a material example of the present invention with a scanning electron microscope.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of an example of the piston ring of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the piston ring of the present invention, (a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piston ring 40 composed of a piston ring main body 41 and a coil expander 42; (B) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piston ring 50 composed of a piston ring body 51 and a plate expander 52, and (c) to (e) are side lenores 44, 61, 71 and a spacer expander.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of piston rings 43, 60, and 70 that are composed of a pair of cylinders 45, 62, and 72;
  • the piston ring of the present invention will be specifically described below.
  • the piston ring of the present invention comprises 34.7 mol% or more and 48.5 mol% or less of nickel, 9 mol% or more and 25.5 mol% or less of zirconium and hafnium, and lmo 1% or more and 30 mol% or less. It is characterized by being formed of a shape memory alloy composed of niobium, the remaining titanium, unavoidable impurities, force, and the like.
  • the shape memory alloy that can be used for the piston ring of the present invention is the above-mentioned shape memory alloy, which is 9 mol 1% or more and 22.5 mol% or less of zirconium, 3 mol% or more and 30 mol% or less of niobium. Furthermore, the specific force obtained by dividing the total mo 1% of titanium, zirconium and hafnium by mol% of nickel may be 0 ⁇ 98 or more and 1 ⁇ 14 or less.
  • the piston ring of the present invention is characterized by the shape memory alloy that is the material thereof. Therefore, first, the characteristics of the shape memory alloy, which is the feature, will be described in detail with various experimental examples.
  • Examples of materials that can be used for the piston ring of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “material examples of the present invention”) and examples of materials that cannot be used for the piston ring of the present invention, that is, out of the above components
  • materials hereinafter referred to as “comparative material examples”
  • test piece used in the experiment was prepared by the following methods (1) to (3).
  • Alloy 1 (Ti—Ni-Zr) is composed of 49.5 mol% Ni and 10 mol% Zr.
  • the alloy produced by the above production method was evaluated by carrying out a chemical evaluation test.
  • cold rolling was performed to a rolling rate of 60% using a cold rolling mill.
  • the rolling rate at the time of rupture was measured to determine the workability. evaluated.
  • Transformation temperature of each alloy cold rolled material was heat treated for 1 hour at 7 00 ° C, differential scanning calorimetry measurement (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry), the martensitic transformation peak temperature (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry), the martensitic transformation peak temperature (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry), the martensitic transformation peak temperature (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry), the martensitic transformation peak temperature (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry), the martensitic transformation peak temperature (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry), the martensitic transformation peak temperature (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry), the martensitic transformation peak temperature (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry), the martensitic transformation peak temperature (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry), the martensitic transformation peak temperature (DSC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry), the marten
  • Examples of materials of the present invention include Ti—Ni—Zr—Nb quaternary alloys 4 to 6, and the total mol% of Ti and Zr divided by mol% of Ni.
  • Table 2 shows the rolling rate (%), martensitic transformation peak temperature (M * point,) and reverse transformation peak temperature (A * point, ° C).
  • composition of the present invention (alloy 7 to alloy 10) and comparative material example (alloy 11) are divided into the composition of Ti-Ni-Zr-Nb quaternary alloy and the total mol% of Ti and Zr divided by mol% of ⁇ . “Two
  • Table 3 shows the “geckel ratio”, rolling rate at break (%), martensitic transformation peak temperature (M * point, ° C) and reverse transformation peak temperature (A * point, ° C).
  • the composition of the quaternary alloy of Ti—Ni—Zr—Nb and the total mol% of Ti and Zr are expressed in mol mol of Ni Table 4 shows the “ratio to nickel” divided by, the rolling reduction rate at break (%), the martensitic transformation peak temperature (M * point, ° C) and the reverse transformation peak temperature (A * point, .C). Show.
  • Table 5 shows the rolling rate (%), martensitic transformation peak temperature (M * point, ° C) and reverse transformation peak temperature (A * point, ° C).
  • Examples of materials of the present invention include Ti-Ni—Hf—; Nb quaternary alloy and Ti-Ni—Zr—Hf—Nb quaternary alloy 21 to alloy 24, and the sum of Ti, Zr and Hf.
  • ⁇ Ratio of nickel to mol% divided by mol% of Ni '', rolling ratio at break (° / 0 ), martensitic transformation peak temperature (M * point,) and reverse transformation peak temperature (A * point, ) Is shown in Table 6.
  • Alloy 21 corresponds to the alloy 9 in which Zr is replaced with Hf
  • alloy 22 corresponds to the alloy 18 in which Zr is replaced with Hf
  • Alloy 23 corresponds to the alloy 6 with Zr substituted by Hf
  • alloy 24 corresponds to the alloy 9 with half of Zr (15 mol%) replaced with Hf.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an image obtained by observing the alloy 6 of the present material example with a scanning electron microscope.
  • the Ti—Ni—Zr ternary alloys such as Alloy 1 to Alloy 3 of the comparative material examples, have poor workability with a rolling rate of only 30% at maximum.
  • the transformation temperature M * point and A * point
  • the rolling rate is lowered and the workability is lowered.
  • Alloy 4 to Alloy 6 can be used as a shape memory alloy that can be used under high temperature conditions and has excellent workability. Therefore, by using the alloy as a material for the piston ring, the tension is low and suitable in low temperature and low load conditions, and friction loss can be minimized. By doing so, it is possible to realize a piston ring with increased tension.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of an image obtained by observing the alloy 8 of the material example of the present invention with a scanning electron microscope.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the piston ring of the present invention.
  • the piston ring 30 of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 is a piston ring composed of only one ring 30, and the one ring 30 is formed of the shape memory alloy described above.
  • the piston ring 30 of the present invention is characterized by its material, and its shape and the like are not particularly limited.
  • the bore diameter is appropriately designed according to the size of the internal combustion engine in which the piston ring 30 is used, the shape of the piston, and the like.
  • the thickness is preferably about 0.7 to 3 mm, and the tension in the diameter expansion direction of the piston ring 30 at that time is particularly preferable. Is 0.; ⁇ 25N at room temperature, and should be 0.2 ⁇ 55N after reverse transformation (austenite transformation) Is preferred.
  • the thickness is particularly preferably about 0.7 to 4 mm.
  • the tension in the diameter expansion direction of the piston ring 30 at that time is As described above, it is preferably 0.;! To 25N at room temperature, and preferably 0.2 to 55N after reverse transformation (austenite transformation)! /.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the piston ring 30 that may be subjected to conventionally known surface processing or the like is not limited to the substantially rectangular shape shown in the figure, and various conventionally known various types can be used. It is possible to take a shape.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the piston ring of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 (a) shows a piston ring 40 composed of a piston ring body 41 and a coil expander 42.
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a piston ring 50 including a piston ring main body 51 and a plate expander 52.
  • FIG. 4 (c) to (e) are schematic cross-sectional views of side rings 44, 61, 71 and piston rings 43, 60, 70 composed of spacer expanders 45, 62, 72 and force. It is.
  • the piston ring of the present invention 40, 43, 50, 60, 70, and the piston ring body 41, 51 or side lenorette 44, 61, 71 and the expander 42 45, 52, 62, 72 and / or at least one of them is formed by the shape memory alloy described above, and the piston rings 40, 43, 50, 60, 70 ⁇ of the present invention (the It is preferable that the squeezers 42, 45, 52, 62 and 72 are made of a shape memory alloy, compared to the piston ring bodies 41 and 51 and the side lanes 44, 61 and 71. This is because 45, 52, 62, and 72 contribute to the tension of the entire piston ring.
  • the size, shape and the like are not particularly limited.
  • the bore diameter is the same as the tension described above. Is preferred.
  • the piston ring of the present invention can also be used as an oil ring, and can also be used as a pressure ring.
  • the piston ring of Example 2 was produced using the alloy 12 of the material of the present invention described above.
  • the piston ring of Example 3 was produced using the alloy 9 of the material of the present invention described above.
  • the piston ring of Example 4 was produced using the alloy 8 of the material of the present invention described above.
  • a Ti-Ni (Ti-50at% Ni material) shape memory alloy which is a conventionally known shape memory alloy, has a reverse transformation peak temperature of 58 ° C.
  • a coil expander with a temperature of 65 ° C after completion of the state (end of austenite transformation) was prepared, and this was combined with the same piston ring body as in Example 1 as shown in Fig. 4 (a).
  • a piston ring of Comparative Example 1 of the present invention was produced.
  • each piston ring was used as an oil ring, and the other first pressure ring and the second pressure ring were all conventionally known rings having the same specifications. Each was mounted on a ⁇ 88mm piston in an internal combustion engine, and the fuel consumption was measured in 10 ⁇ 15 mode. On the other hand, all other conditions except for the conventional coil expander made of spring steel. Prepare the same piston rings (top ring, second ring) as in the examples and comparative examples.
  • the piston ring of the present invention uses the piston ring of Comparative Example 1, that is, a conventionally known shape memory alloy (Ni-Ti system)! It is a component that can achieve a fuel efficiency of about 4 to 5 times.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un segment de piston permettant une variation de tension entre des conditions de basse température et de faible charge et des conditions de haute température et de forte charge, d'où une minimisation de la perte de pression et une amélioration du rendement du carburant. Le segment de piston est formé d'un alliage à mémoire de forme comprenant entre 34,7 et 48,5 % en moles de nickel, entre 9 et 22,5 % en moles d'au moins un élément parmi le zirconium et le hafnium et entre 1 et 30 % en moles de niobium, le reste consistant en du titane et des impuretés inévitables.
PCT/JP2007/064901 2006-07-31 2007-07-30 Segment de piston Ceased WO2008016009A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006-208894 2005-07-19
JP2006208894A JP2008031545A (ja) 2006-07-31 2006-07-31 ピストンリング

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008016009A1 true WO2008016009A1 (fr) 2008-02-07

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/JP2007/064901 Ceased WO2008016009A1 (fr) 2006-07-31 2007-07-30 Segment de piston

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JP (1) JP2008031545A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008016009A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9995393B2 (en) 2013-08-01 2018-06-12 Mahle Metal Leve S/A Piston ring and method for manufacturing same

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58157934A (ja) * 1982-03-13 1983-09-20 Hitachi Metals Ltd 形状記憶合金
JPS61119639A (ja) * 1984-11-06 1986-06-06 アドバンスト・メタル・コンポーネンツ・インコーポレイテッド ニツケル／チタン／ニオブ形状記憶合金および物品
JPH0543969A (ja) * 1990-11-05 1993-02-23 Johnson Service Co 高変態温度形状記憶合金

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58157934A (ja) * 1982-03-13 1983-09-20 Hitachi Metals Ltd 形状記憶合金
JPS61119639A (ja) * 1984-11-06 1986-06-06 アドバンスト・メタル・コンポーネンツ・インコーポレイテッド ニツケル／チタン／ニオブ形状記憶合金および物品
JPH0543969A (ja) * 1990-11-05 1993-02-23 Johnson Service Co 高変態温度形状記憶合金

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9995393B2 (en) 2013-08-01 2018-06-12 Mahle Metal Leve S/A Piston ring and method for manufacturing same

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Publication number Publication date
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