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WO2008014147A2 - Projet de construction à bon rendement énergétique - Google Patents

Projet de construction à bon rendement énergétique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008014147A2
WO2008014147A2 PCT/US2007/073667 US2007073667W WO2008014147A2 WO 2008014147 A2 WO2008014147 A2 WO 2008014147A2 US 2007073667 W US2007073667 W US 2007073667W WO 2008014147 A2 WO2008014147 A2 WO 2008014147A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
heat
energy efficient
concrete
solar radiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2007/073667
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2008014147A3 (fr
Inventor
James R. Brock
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2008014147A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008014147A2/fr
Publication of WO2008014147A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008014147A3/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/60—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings
    • F24S20/66—Solar heat collectors integrated in fixed constructions, e.g. in buildings in the form of facade constructions, e.g. wall constructions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F24F2005/0064—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground using solar energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to energy efficient housing and, more particularly, to a method of providing energy efficient housing wherein building material and structure provide a system effectively using external temperature for heating and other energy needs of the building.
  • U.S. Patent 6,843,844 discloses a method and process of making a lightweight cellulose modified aggregate cement. According to the method, dry pulp fiber is saturated with a fortifying solution in order to yield moldable material suitable for use in the formation of molded construction components. Such fortifying compounds are finely ground prior to mixture and cellulose fiber is prepared prior to fortification by purification. The purification is accomplished by mechanical grinding and application of an ammonia solution. Afterwards cement is added to the mixture. The resulting mixture is used for molding construction blocks. However, such blocks cannot be used on outside building surfaces since they contain cellulose fibers which can be affected by moisture.
  • the part of the block or panel facing the interior of a house or other building is made of a mixture of concrete with fibers such as cellulose fiber, preferably from paper, which provides exceptional insulation properties while the outer portion is formed from a dense concrete mixture capable of heat transfer and which is resistant to moisture as well as being capable of bearing substantial structural loads.
  • the proposed block or panel has an exterior part about 7 inch as thick, made of dense concrete and an interior part of a block approximately 9 inches thick and made of mixture of cellulose (e.g. paper) fiber, sand and cement in particular proportions.
  • the walls also have exterior and interior finish of stucco or other moisture resistant material about Vz inch thick which provides an aesthetically pleasing appearance.
  • the dense concrete part preferably includes air passages or tunnels with baffles penetrated by a plurality of small holes about 1 inch or less in diameter with about 1 inch in between holes in a vertically spaced layout.
  • these small holes and baffles are used to transfer as much solar heat energy as possible to air passed through the holes and then to a reservoir filed with river stones or analogous material which is inexpensive but has a relatively high specific heat (the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a given quantity thereof by a given amount).
  • the portion of the block or panel facing the interior of the building due to containing cellulose fibers (e.g. from newspapers), has good thermal insulation properties and has one or more channels for utilities, vents, air passages to reservoirs and cutouts for doors, windows etc.
  • Mid floors of an energy efficient building in accordance with the invention are preferably formed with structural steel and preferably have three layers, one of which will be a mixture of paper, concrete and sand.
  • a roof of an energy efficient house in accordance with the invention is built with structural steel and paper-cement layer with a dark waterproof, monolithic membrane to capture as much solar energy as possible.
  • a triangular or gabled form of this roof provides internal tunnels for air passages to and from the reservoirs to the walls and roof piping.
  • reservoirs preferably include well rings filled with river stones or some dense inert material.
  • sump pumps are placed around the perimeter of the reservoirs to remove seepage.
  • Well rings can be also placed inside this perimeter and act as a support for the foundation if local construction code allows.
  • Pumps or fans are used to move air in and from reservoirs, if heat or cooling is needed in the house, air can be moved either directly from the wall system and/or the reservoirs to the building interior during the day. Air from the wall system can also be used to heat water for household use.
  • the wall sections are made in a plurality of pours. The outer wall thickness is first poured as a slab, over an outer finish surface such as stucco, if desired.
  • Forms are added for the baffles and rods inserted to form the holes in the baffles and the baffles are poured in a second pour after which the rods are removed to complete the holes in the baffles.
  • the inner wall sections are poured separately in a manner similar to the outer wall sections except that pipes, conduits and/or raceways and electrical and plumbing hardware are included.
  • the outer wall section can be inverted and placed on top of the inner wall section before curing or, preferably, the inner wall section can be poured on top of the outer wall portion and the baffle forms removed thereafter. According to the present invention the pouring could be performed in a substantially continuous process.
  • the process of preparing a mix of cement and cellulose fiber preferably involves placing newspapers and sand in a device for mixing concrete and adding excess water (relative to the amount later required in the concrete) and allowing the sand to abrade the wet newspaper by normal operation of the mixing device.
  • excess water is removed and the proper amount of Portland cement is added and mixed with the sand, cellulose fiber and remaining water which can be supplemented as needed.
  • Figure IB is a schematic presentation of heating/cooling system of Figure IA in an energy efficient building
  • FIG. 1 is an illustration of layers of the block or panel used by the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an isometric view of a panel used for the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an isometric view of a modified panel used for the present invention.
  • Figure 4a is an isometric view of a modified panel having air transfer baffles between layers of a panel
  • Figure 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating a process of making a block or panel used for an energy efficient housing in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a flow-chart illustrating the process of manufacturing a block or panel used for building an energy efficient housing.
  • FIG. 1A shows an energy efficient heat transfer system in accordance with the present invention. While Figure IA, for clarity, shows only a single, exemplary block in accordance with the invention, the entire exterior surface of the house or any desired portions thereof may be used as a collector or radiator of energy as shown in Figure IB.
  • the walls 11 and roof 113 of the building due to the special block structure, can transfer heat from the exterior surfaces, heated by the sun, to a heat reservoir 12.
  • air can be moved either directly from the wall system or from the heat reservoir 12 using pumps 14 and 15 under control of valves or diverters 21, 22. Heat also can be used to make hot water in the house by a water heater 20. Similarly, for cooling, air can be moved directly from walls or from cold air reservoir 13 using pumps 16 and 17. It should be noted that air preferably flows upward in the heat exchange panels when heat is collected and downward in the heat exchange panels when heat is being radiated such that convection can assist or even replace the action of pumps 14 - 17. Direction of air flow in the wall panels is controlled by valves 24 - 26. Return of air to the system is preferably accomplished through the appropriate reservoir 12, 13 under control of valve 27.
  • valves and pumps relative to the heat exchange panels is not critical to the practice of the invention and, in general, will be dictated by the building design, including consideration of day and night ambient temperatures and other environmental factors.
  • the walls, ceiling (interior and exterior) and floors of a building in accordance with the invention are made of panels or blocks, a structure of which will be explained later with reference to Figure 2.
  • Other energy collection systems such as solar batteries 111 may placed in a roof 113 of the house in combination with the invention and may be used to power the pumps or fans for energy transfer. It should be appreciated from Figure IB that any number a portion or all exterior surfaces may be constructed with panels in accordance with the invention.
  • the circulation system of Figure IA may be modified or even duplicated to allow ambient conditions outside the building to be exploited as fully as possible to achieve desired effects.
  • energy may be collected on one (e.g. south facing) or more surfaces or sides of a building while another surface (e.g. north facing) or side (or portion thereof) can be used to radiate heat.
  • Separate systems may be provided for respective heating/cooling zones of the building.
  • blocks or panels similar to those used for exterior panels can also be used on the interior of the building as illustrated at 28 of Figure IB to provide radiant heating from walls, floors or ceilings or to collect heat for radiation to the building exterior or elsewhere in the building.
  • the layered structure as will be discussed below can be oriented for control of the direction of preferred heat collection or radiation or even layered with the heat exchange sides of the block to the outside and the insulating sides toward the middle of the layered structure to, for example, collect heat at a ceiling on one level and radiate heat from the floor on another, either directly or by heat exchange from the respective reservoirs 12, 13.
  • the capture, storing and usage of solar energy is made possible due to the special structure of the building blocks or heat transfer panels from which an energy efficient house or building in accordance with the invention is made.
  • the preferred building panel has a multilayered structure. Specifically, there are four distinct layers in a panel structure: exterior finish layer 31 (e.g. stucco), dense concrete layer
  • Layer 32 an insulating layer made of mixture of concrete with cellulose fiber (e.g. paper) and sand 33, and interior (e.g. stucco, plaster or the like) finish layer 34.
  • Layer 32 made of dense concrete, has air passages 35a with baffles defining chambers 39 including a plurality of small tunnels or holes 35b between chambers 39 with diameter of about 1 inch or smaller for air circulation.
  • the air passages 35a are preferably formed into a vertical layout array and form horizontal chambers communicating air from block to block as the blocks are assembled.
  • each block it is considered preferable for the top and bottom of each block to be shaped to provide a plenum at the top and bottom of the wall when the blocks are made having a length corresponding to a level or story of a building and/or to form air passages 35a when the blocks (regardless of the height for which they are fabricated) are laid in courses.
  • This feature of the invention simplifies air routing and reduces air flow restriction where openings are made or formed in the blocks for doors, windows and the like. During energy collection, these air passages allow air to be warmed and transferred to a hot air reservoir 12 shown in Figure 1 to be later used for household needs.
  • baffles and holes also induce a degree of turbulence in the air flow to enhance heat transfer to the air from the dense concrete while also causing flow over the interior surface of the holes to maximize air temperature rise.
  • the number of baffles, so formed may be varied as illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, to adjust the amount of energy transfer which occurs for a given rate of air flow and/or to adjust flow due to pumping and/or convection.
  • This warm air could be later used directly to warm the house inside and/or for heating water 10.
  • an analogous process can be performed for radiating heat to the building exterior to produce cool air that can be transferred to a cold air reservoir 13.
  • the cool air also can be pumped directly from the building exterior if it is below reservoir air temperature.
  • the cool air can be used later for cooling purposes inside the house.
  • the layer 33 of a building block or panel can preferably be fabricated 9 inches or thicker and includes a mixture of cellulose fiber, sand and cement. More specifically, newspapers and other paper products can be used for this mixture. The proportions of paper, sand and cement in this mixture are preferably approximately 1:8:2. With this amount of cellulose in the mixture a fire resistant layer is produced which, at the same time, can securely hold nails and other common construction fasteners and provide good insulation for the house compared with regular dense concrete.
  • the layer 33 also preferably contains support columns for the upper floors 112 and roof 113 and also contains channels 36, 37 for utilities.
  • the layer 33 can contain voids filled with insulation such as fiber glass or plastic foam. Cutouts for doors and windows are also made in this layer as well as layers 31 and 32 with air passages around the perimeter thereof in layer 32.
  • the layer 33 is covered with stucco, plaster or other finish material layer 34 facing interior of the building.
  • Interior walls or other surfaces which could be applied inside of the energy efficient building are preferably made of the paper mix and stucco, omitting or reducing the dense concrete layer to the extent possible in view of anticipated loads and/or heat transfer needs. These wall panels also contain channels and fittings, as desired for vents, air passages to reservoirs and cutouts for doors, etc.
  • Intermediate floors are formed with structural steel and panels suitable therefor preferably comprise three layers.
  • the upper surface would preferably be poured first with stucco to form a stone like surface.
  • Other layers in all interior walls, ceilings and floors which are not to be used for energy transfer as described above comprise concrete containing the paper filler and can contain ducts for air distribution which may or may not provide for heat transfer. For some building panels where load-bearing strength is less important, the proportion of paper filler could be increased to reduce weight.
  • the roof of an energy efficient house is built principally with structural steel (some or all of which may be provided as reinforcement for the block, as generally (e.g. omitting dense concrete layer depicted at 32 of Figures 2-3) and the paper-cement mixture as described above.
  • structural steel some or all of which may be provided as reinforcement for the block, as generally (e.g. omitting dense concrete layer depicted at 32 of Figures 2-3) and the paper-cement mixture as described above.
  • a system of piping is laid down and covered with a dark waterproof, monolithic membrane 111 to capture as much solar energy as possible as shown at 41, 42 of Figure IB.
  • the monolithic membrane 111 should tilt south where possible.
  • the roof has preferably triangular form and since this shape can provide internal tunnels for air passages to and from the reservoirs to the walls and roof piping.
  • the reservoir for collecting heat 12 and for collecting cold air 13 are preferably placed under the floor of the building and preferably made in the form of well rings.
  • the ring structure allows a fairly deep placement with a prefabricated aspect that allows efficiency in construction.
  • the rings are filled with river stones or some dense inert material such as concrete chunks.
  • the rings can be placed side by side with gravel or insulation between. Gravel around the bottom of the rings is preferred with one or more sump pumps to remove seepage. Rings can also be placed around the perimeter of the excavation and a large reservoir of stone placed inside this perimeter. This perimeter placement can act as a support for the foundation if local construction code will allow.
  • the order of construction during installation of well rings preferably is: first, to pour the main foundation at the bottom of the excavation, place the rings, pour a floor over the rings filled with stone with appropriate tunnels for air movement and access to pumps 14, and 15.
  • the warm air is delivered to the bottom of the reservoir 12 and removed from the top.
  • For cool air reservoir 13 the procedure is reverse, e. g. the cool air is delivered to the top and removed from the bottom of reservoir 13. Otherwise the structure of the warm air reservoir and the cold air reservoir are substantially the same. For that reason, it may be desirable, depending on seasonal climate differences, to provide a plurality of reservoirs and which can be used for either cool or warm air and to vary the number of reservoirs used for each of cool or warm air from season-to-season depending on anticipated building needs. It is also preferred that the reservoirs be constructed such that the filler in the rings can be washed periodically in order to remove dust.
  • Figure 4 shows a portion of a modified wall panel structure which can be used by the present invention.
  • the wall comprises a space constructed by two layers of paper/concrete mixture 33a , 33b defining a cavity filled with loose river rocks or gravel 210 such that air may be circulated therethrough.
  • Tunnels 35b of layer 39 which may or may not include air passages 35a, leading to a reservoir of hot air, are placed, in this variant embodiment, closer to the outside side of the wall and separated from the inside air only by a thin stucco layer and relatively thinner paper-cement layers.
  • This modified embodiment of the invention allows all or part of the reservoir(s) to be formed in the wall panel itself in addition to the amount of energy that can be stored in the dense concrete layer in both this embodiment and the embodiment of
  • Figures 2 and 3 In applications where temperature stability is of high importance (as distinct from achieving a particular temperature with improved economy), it has been found by the inventor that the structure of Figure 4a not only provides a substantial reservoir capable of storing a large quantity of heat energy but that heat transfer can be achieved very quickly, efficiently and spontaneously merely by providing for air transfer more or less directly between layer 39 and reservoir 210 at the tops and bottoms of wall sections.
  • heat transfer can be achieved very quickly, efficiently and spontaneously merely by providing for air transfer more or less directly between layer 39 and reservoir 210 at the tops and bottoms of wall sections.
  • baffles such as those indicated at 41a, 41b are provided at the top and/or bottoms of the reservoir and air tunnels 35 a, 35b.
  • baffles prevent the reversal of the heat collecting or radiating operations of this variant wall panel when temperatures in the reservoir exceed the temperatures in the air tunnels and vice- versa or may be used to control the function of the wall panels in regard to heat collection or radiation in accordance with particular internal and external conditions.
  • additional reservoirs as described above and/or fans or pumps to augment air circulation within the wall panels and/or for air exchange with the building interior in much the same manner as has been described above.
  • Figure 5 shows the process of making a building block or panel which is used to construct an energy efficient building in accordance with the invention.
  • wall and ceiling panels are poured in horizontal forms in a factory situation for good quality and efficiency. The panels may then be transported to the building site for installation on the previously poured foundation as discussed above.
  • an exterior wall panel begins with step S 1 , a stucco layer 21 formation, shown in diagram on Figure 5 and in flow-chart of a process in Figure 6.
  • the exterior stucco layer 21 can be about Vz inch thick and may have decorative parts or pattern as may be desired.
  • a metal mesh 28 is preferably placed on the stucco layer in the next step S2.
  • the next 7 inches or so of exterior wall is made of layer 22 comprising dense concrete.
  • metal rods are placed in concrete in step S4. After placement of the rods the layer is finished by pouring concrete in step S5.
  • the next layer 23 could be about 9 inches thick and made of special mixture of concrete with paper and sand.
  • the process of preparing this mixture is started by mixing cellulose fiber (paper, newspaper or like) with sand and water in a concrete mixer or the like until paper is abraded into fiber, step S7.
  • An appropriate size mixer is loaded by weight with one part of newspaper, eight parts of sand suitable for making concrete and thirteen parts of water.
  • the prepared slurry is put into a press for removing about five parts of the excess water in step S8.
  • two parts of Portland cement is added and mixed with slurry in step S9.
  • step S6 Before the paper-cement mixture is poured into the form or at any time the curing of the dense concrete is adequate, rods, placed for forming tunnels 25, are removed from the structure in step S6. The part of paper/cement mixture is poured into the form and raceways 26 are added in step S 10. After that, the rest of the mixture is poured into the form, the form can be removed in step S 12. The process is finished by formation of interior stucco layer 24 in step S 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un logement à bon rendement énergétique et un procédé permettant de proposer un logement à bon rendement énergétique, le matériau de construction et la structure du logement visant à créer un système utilisant efficacement la température extérieure pour les besoins du logement. Le logement est construit à partir de blocs multicouches présentant des couches de ciment et une couche d'un mélange de ciment, fibre de cellulose et sable, entourées de couches de finition extérieure et intérieure en stuc préparées par un processus simplifié. La couche de ciment présente une pluralité de passages d'air avec des chicanes servant à transférer l'air chaud et l'air froid ce qui modifie la température à partir des murs et du toit du logement chauffés par le rayonnement solaire ou refroidis par l'air froid extérieur. L'air chaud est transféré à un réservoir d'air chaud pour d'autres besoins domestiques et l'air froid est transféré à un réservoir d'air froid.
PCT/US2007/073667 2006-07-25 2007-07-17 Projet de construction à bon rendement énergétique Ceased WO2008014147A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/459,735 US20080041364A1 (en) 2006-07-25 2006-07-25 Energy efficient building design
US11/459,735 2006-07-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008014147A2 true WO2008014147A2 (fr) 2008-01-31
WO2008014147A3 WO2008014147A3 (fr) 2008-12-11

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WO (1) WO2008014147A2 (fr)

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WO2010122226A1 (fr) * 2009-04-21 2010-10-28 Vahanen International Oy Procédé et agencement pour déplacer une énergie thermique dans une structure de coque d'un bâtiment
RU2434742C1 (ru) * 2010-05-25 2011-11-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования Московский государственный строительный университет (ГОУ ВПО МГСУ) Способ изготовления элементов многослойных ограждающих конструкций
CN112854528A (zh) * 2021-01-14 2021-05-28 河南省予卓信息科技有限公司 一种节能型装配式建筑墙体

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WO2019236382A1 (fr) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-12 Edisun Microgrids, Inc. Héliostat à ballast intégré avec ensemble miroir suspendu
US12405012B2 (en) * 2019-07-15 2025-09-02 Lasting Image Laser Etching Company Apparatus and method for solar heat collection
WO2021118998A1 (fr) 2019-12-10 2021-06-17 Heliogen, Inc. Héliostat doté d'un trépied et d'un élément optique monté sur le dessus
CN115613688A (zh) * 2022-11-10 2023-01-17 广州市客族钢结构设计安装有限公司 一种装配式定制化绿色节能房屋
CN116006004B (zh) * 2022-12-20 2025-07-08 山东港基建设集团有限公司 一种装配式建筑生态房屋及其施工方法

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