WO2008006608A1 - Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008006608A1 WO2008006608A1 PCT/EP2007/006244 EP2007006244W WO2008006608A1 WO 2008006608 A1 WO2008006608 A1 WO 2008006608A1 EP 2007006244 W EP2007006244 W EP 2007006244W WO 2008006608 A1 WO2008006608 A1 WO 2008006608A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust system
- tank
- exhaust
- internal combustion
- urea solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/10—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being heated, e.g. by heating tank or supply line of the added substance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, with at least one exhaust pipe and a tank for a urea solution.
- SCR catalysts also called denitration catalysts
- the nitrogen oxides (NO x ) produced during combustion in the engine selectively reduced to water and nitrogen with the aid of cached in the SCR catalyst ammonia (NH 3 ).
- NH 3 ammonia
- the provision of the ammonia required for the selective catalytic reduction takes place by hydrolysis of urea, which is added to the exhaust gas in dissolved form.
- a correspondingly arranged storage tank is required. Since urea solution freezes at -11 ° C, the storage tank must be insulated or heated, which requires additional electrical energy.
- the invention provides an exhaust system in which freezing of the urea solution is prevented in a simple manner.
- the exhaust pipe has a plurality of branch lines, one of which is passed through the tank.
- the amount of heat provided by this branch line is sufficient to prevent freezing of the urea solution.
- the exhaust pipe has a valve upstream of the tank. This can be closed if necessary to avoid excessive heating of the urea solution.
- a comparatively simple and thus inexpensive valve such as a 2/2 way valve, find use, especially since its tightness no particularly high demands must be made.
- a control device which controls or regulates the valve. This can, depending on the valve, only open and close the valve or a continuous control or regulation of the flow rate.
- the controller is coupled to a sensor which detects the temperature of the urea solution. The controller then controls the valve in response to the sensed temperature.
- the guided through the tank branch line is attached decoupled from the rest of the exhaust system, for example, by so-called corrugated hoses.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of an exhaust system according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a side view of the exhaust system from FIG. 1.
- the exhaust system 10 includes an exhaust pipe 12, which is upstream of a Tanks 14 for a urea solution 16 branches. While a first branch pipe 18 of the exhaust pipe 12 is guided around the tank 14, at least a portion of a second branch pipe 20 is passed through the tank 14. In this way, the urea solution 16 is heated by the exhaust gas flow in the second branch line 20 and thus prevented from freezing during operation even at low temperatures. Once the urea solution 16 is frozen with the engine off, it quickly thaws again due to the heat provided by the exhaust flow during operation.
- the second branch line 20 can be reconnected after the tank 14 with the first branch line 18 or serve as an exhaust gas recirculation line.
- the second branch line 20 a Immediately upstream of the tank 14, the second branch line 20 a
- Valve 22 on, here a 2/2-way valve. For controlling or regulating the valve
- a controller 24 is provided which is coupled to a sensor 26 for detecting the temperature of the urea solution 16 and controls the valve 22 in response to the detected temperature.
- the branch line 20 is vibration-decoupled from the rest of the exhaust system 10 attached, for example via metal bellows or corrugated hoses made of metal (not shown).
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Abgasanlage für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Abgasanlage für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine, mit wenigstens einer Abgasleitung und einem Tank für eine Harnstoff lösung.The invention relates to an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, with at least one exhaust pipe and a tank for a urea solution.
Zur Einhaltung umweltgesetzlicher Vorgaben müssen die Abgase vonTo comply with environmental regulations, the exhaust gases from
Verbrennungskraftmaschinen, insbesondere von verbrennungsmotorisch angetriebenen Kraftfahrzeugen, einer Reinigung unterzogen werden. Zur Stickoxidminderung kommen zunehmend sogenannte SCR-Katalysatoren (auch als Denitrierungskatalysatoren bezeichnet) zum Einsatz, die bei der Verbrennung im Motor erzeugte Stickoxide (NOx) unter Zuhilfenahme von im SCR-Katalysator zwischengespeichertem Ammoniak (NH3) selektiv zu Wasser und Stickstoff reduzieren. Die Bereitstellung des für die selektive katalytische Reduktion benötigten Ammoniaks erfolgt durch Hydrolyse von Harnstoff, der dem Abgas in gelöster Form zugegeben wird. Hierzu ist ein entsprechend angeordneter Vorratstank erforderlich. Da Harnstofflösung bei -11° C gefriert, muß der Vorratstank isoliert bzw. beheizt werden, wofür zusätzliche elektrische Energie nötig ist.Internal combustion engines, in particular of internal combustion engine driven motor vehicles, are subjected to a cleaning. For nitrogen oxide reduction increasingly so-called SCR catalysts (also called denitration catalysts) are used, the nitrogen oxides (NO x ) produced during combustion in the engine selectively reduced to water and nitrogen with the aid of cached in the SCR catalyst ammonia (NH 3 ). The provision of the ammonia required for the selective catalytic reduction takes place by hydrolysis of urea, which is added to the exhaust gas in dissolved form. For this purpose, a correspondingly arranged storage tank is required. Since urea solution freezes at -11 ° C, the storage tank must be insulated or heated, which requires additional electrical energy.
Die Erfindung schafft eine Abgasanlage, bei der auf einfache Weise ein Gefrieren der Harnstofflösung verhindert wird.The invention provides an exhaust system in which freezing of the urea solution is prevented in a simple manner.
Dies wird bei einer Abgasanlage der eingangs genannten Art dadurch erreicht, daß ein Abschnitt der Abgasleitung durch den Tank geführt ist. Somit kann auf eine zusätzliche Heizeinrichtung, die den (elektrischen) Energieverbrauch erhöhen würde, verzichtet werden. Natürlich ist es ebenso denkbar, einen Abschnitt der Abgasleitung derart am Tank entlang zu führen, daß vom Abgasstrom eine ausreichende Wärmemenqe an die Harnstofflösung abgegeben wird. Ein weiterer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung gegenüber etwa der Nutzung von vorhandener Kühlflüssigkeit zum Erwärmen der Harnstofflösung besteht darin, daß keine langen Rohrleitungen nötig sind, um Kühlflüssigkeit zu dem üblicherweise im Endbereich der Abgasanlage angeordneten Tank für die Harnstofflösung zu transportieren, da der Motor und der Kühler des Motorkühlkreislaufs bei den meisten Kraftfahrzeugen, insbesondere Pkw und Lkw, im vorderen Bereich des Fahrzeugs angeordnet sind. Dadurch ergibt sich eine kostengünstige Lösung, die sich durch einen minimalen Energieverbrauch auszeichnet.This is achieved in an exhaust system of the type mentioned in that a portion of the exhaust pipe is passed through the tank. Thus, an additional heater, which would increase the (electrical) energy consumption, can be dispensed with. Of course, it is also conceivable to lead a portion of the exhaust pipe along the tank so that the exhaust gas stream is given a sufficient amount of heat to the urea solution. Another advantage of the inventive solution compared to about the use of existing cooling liquid for heating the urea solution is that no long pipes are needed to transport cooling liquid to the usually arranged in the end of the exhaust system tank for the urea solution, since the engine and the radiator the engine cooling circuit in most motor vehicles, especially cars and trucks, are arranged in the front area of the vehicle. This results in a cost-effective solution, which is characterized by a minimal energy consumption.
Vorzugsweise weist die Abgasleitung mehrere Zweigleitungen auf, von denen eine durch den Tank geführt ist. Die von dieser Zweigleitung bereitgestellte Wärmemenge reicht aus, um ein Gefrieren der Harnstofflösung zu verhindern.Preferably, the exhaust pipe has a plurality of branch lines, one of which is passed through the tank. The amount of heat provided by this branch line is sufficient to prevent freezing of the urea solution.
Gemäß der bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Abgasleitung stromaufwärts des Tanks ein Ventil auf. Dieses kann bei Bedarf geschlossen werden, um eine zu starke Erwärmung der Harnstofflösung zu vermeiden. Hierbei kann ein vergleichsweise einfaches und damit preiswertes Ventil, beispielsweise ein 2/2 -Wegeventil, Verwendung finden, zumal an dessen Dichtigkeit keine besonders hohen Anforderungen gestellt werden müssen.According to the preferred embodiment, the exhaust pipe has a valve upstream of the tank. This can be closed if necessary to avoid excessive heating of the urea solution. Here, a comparatively simple and thus inexpensive valve, such as a 2/2 way valve, find use, especially since its tightness no particularly high demands must be made.
Insbesondere ist ein Steuergerät vorgesehen, welches das Ventil steuert bzw. regelt. Dieses kann, je nach Ventil, lediglich ein öffnen und Schließen des Ventils oder aber eine stufenlose Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Durchflußmenge bewirken.In particular, a control device is provided which controls or regulates the valve. This can, depending on the valve, only open and close the valve or a continuous control or regulation of the flow rate.
Vorteilhaft ist das Steuergerät mit einem Sensor gekoppelt, der die Temperatur der Harnstofflösung erfaßt. Das Steuergerät steuert bzw. regelt dann das Ventil in Abhängigkeit von der erfaßten Temperatur.Advantageously, the controller is coupled to a sensor which detects the temperature of the urea solution. The controller then controls the valve in response to the sensed temperature.
Vorzugsweise ist die durch den Tank geführte Zweigleitung schwingentkoppelt von der übrigen Abgasanlage befestigt, beispielsweise durch sogenannte Wellschläuche.Preferably, the guided through the tank branch line is attached decoupled from the rest of the exhaust system, for example, by so-called corrugated hoses.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen. In diesen zeigen:Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings. In these show:
- Figur 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage; und- Figure 1 is a plan view of an exhaust system according to the invention; and
- Figur 2 eine Seitenansicht der Abgasanlage aus Figur 1.FIG. 2 shows a side view of the exhaust system from FIG. 1.
Die Figuren zeigen ausschnittsweise eine Abgasanlage 10, die einerThe figures show a detail of an exhaust system 10, the one
Verbrennungskraftmaschine, insbesondere einem Kfz-Motor, nachgeschaltet ist. Die Abgasanlage 10 umfaßt eine Abgasleitung 12, die sich stromaufwärts eines Tanks 14 für eine Harnstofflösung 16 verzweigt. Während eine erste Zweigleitung 18 der Abgasleitung 12 um den Tank 14 herumgeführt ist, ist zumindest ein Abschnitt einer zweiten Zweigleitung 20 durch den Tank 14 hindurchgeführt. Auf diese Weise wird die Harnstofflösung 16 durch den Abgasstrom in der zweiten Zweigleitung 20 erwärmt und somit im Betrieb auch bei tiefen Temperaturen am Gefrieren gehindert. Sollte die Harnstofflösung 16 bei abgestelltem Motor einmal gefroren sein, taut sie aufgrund der vom Abgasstrom im Betrieb bereitgestellten Wärme rasch wieder auf.Internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle, is connected downstream. The exhaust system 10 includes an exhaust pipe 12, which is upstream of a Tanks 14 for a urea solution 16 branches. While a first branch pipe 18 of the exhaust pipe 12 is guided around the tank 14, at least a portion of a second branch pipe 20 is passed through the tank 14. In this way, the urea solution 16 is heated by the exhaust gas flow in the second branch line 20 and thus prevented from freezing during operation even at low temperatures. Once the urea solution 16 is frozen with the engine off, it quickly thaws again due to the heat provided by the exhaust flow during operation.
Die zweite Zweigleitung 20 kann nach dem Tank 14 wieder mit der ersten Zweigleitung 18 zusammengeführt werden oder als Abgasrückführleitung dienen.The second branch line 20 can be reconnected after the tank 14 with the first branch line 18 or serve as an exhaust gas recirculation line.
Unmittelbar stromaufwärts des Tanks 14 weist die zweite Zweigleitung 20 einImmediately upstream of the tank 14, the second branch line 20 a
Ventil 22 auf, hier ein 2/2-Wegeventil. Zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung des VentilsValve 22 on, here a 2/2-way valve. For controlling or regulating the valve
22 ist ein Steuergerät 24 vorgesehen, das mit einem Sensor 26 zur Erfassung der Temperatur der Harnstofflösung 16 gekoppelt ist und in Abhängigkeit von der erfaßten Temperatur das Ventil 22 steuert bzw. regelt.22, a controller 24 is provided which is coupled to a sensor 26 for detecting the temperature of the urea solution 16 and controls the valve 22 in response to the detected temperature.
Abweichend von dem in den Figuren gezeigten 2/2-Wegeventil ist natürlich auch ein Proportionalventil denkbar.Deviating from the 2/2-way valve shown in the figures, of course, a proportional valve is conceivable.
Die Zweigleitung 20 ist schwingungstechnisch entkoppelt von der übrigen Abgasanlage 10 befestigt, beispielsweise über Metallbälge oder Wellschläuche aus Metall (nicht gezeigt). The branch line 20 is vibration-decoupled from the rest of the exhaust system 10 attached, for example via metal bellows or corrugated hoses made of metal (not shown).
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006032454A DE102006032454A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2006-07-13 | Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine |
| DE102006032454.4 | 2006-07-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008006608A1 true WO2008006608A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
Family
ID=38462319
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2007/006244 Ceased WO2008006608A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2007-07-13 | Exhaust system for an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102006032454A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008006608A1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009033911A1 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Exhaust-gas aftertreatment arrangement with reducing agent reservoir, and method for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases |
| US8438838B2 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2013-05-14 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies | Fuel-fired burner and heat exchanger system for heating a NOx reducing agent supply tank |
| FR3002000A1 (en) * | 2013-02-11 | 2014-08-15 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Exhaust line assembly for processing e.g. pollutants in exhaust gas of combustion engine of car, has heat shield that is made of thermal conductive material and attached to wall of reducer tank through decoupling studs |
| CN109322729A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-02-12 | 天津大学 | Double-wall SCR system urea tank device using hot exhaust gas for heat preservation |
| IT201900018542A1 (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-11 | Magneti Marelli Spa | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE EQUIPPED WITH A WATER-BASED OPERATING LIQUID FEEDING SYSTEM WITH A HEATER DEVICE |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4200514A1 (en) * | 1992-01-11 | 1993-07-15 | Asea Brown Boveri | Removal of nitrogen@ from turbine exhaust gases - by injection of reduction agent broken into transitional substances by exhaust heat energy before injection to catalytic converter |
| EP0878608A2 (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 1998-11-18 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Process and device for reducing nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of a combustion plant |
| WO1999001205A1 (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 1999-01-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SELECTIVE CATALYTIC NOx REDUCTION |
| WO2004042207A1 (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-05-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for aftertreatment of exhaust gases and exhaust gas aftertreatment array |
| DE202005019499U1 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2006-02-09 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Heating system for a vehicle tank, containing a solution of urea and water, has a tube to take a heat carrier flow pressed into a serpentine groove at the outer side of a tank wall |
| WO2007000170A1 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Amminex A/S | Method and device for safe and controlled delivery of ammonia from a solid ammonia storage medium |
-
2006
- 2006-07-13 DE DE102006032454A patent/DE102006032454A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-07-13 WO PCT/EP2007/006244 patent/WO2008006608A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4200514A1 (en) * | 1992-01-11 | 1993-07-15 | Asea Brown Boveri | Removal of nitrogen@ from turbine exhaust gases - by injection of reduction agent broken into transitional substances by exhaust heat energy before injection to catalytic converter |
| EP0878608A2 (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 1998-11-18 | Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft | Process and device for reducing nitrogen oxides in the exhaust of a combustion plant |
| WO1999001205A1 (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 1999-01-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR SELECTIVE CATALYTIC NOx REDUCTION |
| WO2004042207A1 (en) * | 2002-11-06 | 2004-05-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for aftertreatment of exhaust gases and exhaust gas aftertreatment array |
| WO2007000170A1 (en) * | 2005-06-29 | 2007-01-04 | Amminex A/S | Method and device for safe and controlled delivery of ammonia from a solid ammonia storage medium |
| DE202005019499U1 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2006-02-09 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Heating system for a vehicle tank, containing a solution of urea and water, has a tube to take a heat carrier flow pressed into a serpentine groove at the outer side of a tank wall |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009033911A1 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2009-03-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Exhaust-gas aftertreatment arrangement with reducing agent reservoir, and method for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases |
| US8438838B2 (en) | 2010-10-11 | 2013-05-14 | Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies | Fuel-fired burner and heat exchanger system for heating a NOx reducing agent supply tank |
| FR3002000A1 (en) * | 2013-02-11 | 2014-08-15 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Exhaust line assembly for processing e.g. pollutants in exhaust gas of combustion engine of car, has heat shield that is made of thermal conductive material and attached to wall of reducer tank through decoupling studs |
| CN109322729A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2019-02-12 | 天津大学 | Double-wall SCR system urea tank device using hot exhaust gas for heat preservation |
| IT201900018542A1 (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-11 | Magneti Marelli Spa | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE EQUIPPED WITH A WATER-BASED OPERATING LIQUID FEEDING SYSTEM WITH A HEATER DEVICE |
| EP3805536A1 (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-04-14 | Marelli Europe S.p.A. | Internal combustion engine provided with a water-based operating liquid feeding system having a heating device |
| US11286888B2 (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2022-03-29 | Marelli Europe S.P.A. | Internal combustion engine provided with a water-based operating liquid feeding system having a heating device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102006032454A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
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