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WO2008005446A1 - Appareil et procédé d'automatisation de processus configurable dans un système de commande de processus - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé d'automatisation de processus configurable dans un système de commande de processus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008005446A1
WO2008005446A1 PCT/US2007/015376 US2007015376W WO2008005446A1 WO 2008005446 A1 WO2008005446 A1 WO 2008005446A1 US 2007015376 W US2007015376 W US 2007015376W WO 2008005446 A1 WO2008005446 A1 WO 2008005446A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control module
phase function
function block
module
recipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2007/015376
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Juergen Rudnick
Jianhua Zhao
James A. Strilich
James M. Schreder
Bodo Fritzsche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell International Inc
Original Assignee
Honeywell International Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US11/823,207 external-priority patent/US8429654B2/en
Application filed by Honeywell International Inc filed Critical Honeywell International Inc
Publication of WO2008005446A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008005446A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0426—Programming the control sequence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/32—Operator till task planning
    • G05B2219/32097—Recipe programming for flexible batch

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates generally to control systems and more specifically to an apparatus and method for configurable process automation in a process control system.
  • Processing facilities are often managed using process control systems.
  • Example processing facilities include chemical, pharmaceutical, paper, and petrochemical production plants.
  • process control systems typically interact with and control industrial equipment in the processing facilities, such as equipment used to produce chemical, pharmaceutical, paper, or petrochemical products.
  • a process control system is often used to automate execution of various production processes.
  • Processing facilities often implement one or multiple fast-paced and high-value production processes. This often demands a procedure automation solution that is highly flexible and that can ensure timely execution of the production processes .
  • aggressive real-time requirements typically cannot be met with conventional automation solutions, which often rely on supervisory personal computer technology to control the production processes.
  • an apparatus in a first embodiment, includes at least one memory configured to store a phase function block.
  • the phase function block is associated with a process for producing at least one product or part thereof.
  • the apparatus also includes at least one processor configured to execute the phase function block.
  • the phase function block when executed is configured to provide one or more first parameters .to a module providing control over a process element.
  • the one or more first parameters define how the module implements at least a portion of the process using the process element.
  • the phase function block when executed is also configured to retrieve one or more second parameters from the module. .
  • the one or more second parameters are associated with results of the execution of the module .
  • the phase function block when executed is further configured to acquire and initiate execution of the module and/or to release the module .
  • the phase function block is associated with a recipe control module defining the process.
  • the module providing control over the process element includes a sequential control module that is configured to provide access to one or more control modules .
  • the one or more control modules are configured to provide the control over the process element.
  • the phase function block when executed is also configured to monitor the status of the sequential control module and to project data from the sequential control module to the recipe control module through the phase function block.
  • the phase function block when executed is further configured to map one or more first states of the recipe control module to one or more first states of the sequential control module and to map one or more second states of the sequential control module to one or more second states of the recipe control module.
  • the phase function block when executed is further configured to reset the sequential control module after execution of the sequential control module is complete, wait at least a specified amount of time, and release the sequential control module.
  • the at least one processor is configured to execute multiple phase function blocks associated with the process element simultaneously .
  • a plurality of phase function blocks are associated with a plurality of recipe control modules that are distributed in a plurality of controllers in a hard real-time process control system.
  • the process element includes a piece of processing equipment used to produce at least one of a chemical, pharmaceutical, paper, or petrochemical product.
  • a method includes storing a phase function block associated with a process for producing at least one product or part thereof. The method also includes executing the phase function block. Executing the phase function block includes providing one or more first parameters to a module providing control over a process element. The one or more first parameters define how the module implements at least a portion of the process using the process element.
  • Executing the phase function block also includes retrieving one or more second parameters from the module.
  • the one or more second parameters are associated with results of the execution of the module .
  • a computer program is embodied on a computer readable medium.
  • the computer program includes computer readable program code for creating a phase function block associated with a process for producing at ' least one product or part thereof.
  • the computer program also includes computer readable program code for executing the phase function block.
  • the executing includes providing one or more first parameters to a module providing control over a process element.
  • the one or more first parameters define how the module implements at least a portion of the process using the process element.
  • the executing also includes retrieving one or more second parameters from the module.
  • the one or more second parameters are associated with results of the execution of the module .
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates an example process control system in accordance with this disclosure
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates a specific implementation of a process control system in accordance with this disclosure
  • FIGURES 3 through 9 illustrate an example form used to configure a phase function block in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure
  • FIGURES 10 through 12 illustrate example forms used to configure and monitor a recipe control module in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure
  • FIGURE 13 illustrates an example state model for a phase function block in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure
  • FIGURES 14A through 23C illustrate example interactions between a recipe control module, a phase function block, and a sequential control module in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure
  • FIGURES 24A through 24D illustrate example distributions of recipe control modules in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure.
  • FIGURE 25 illustrates an example method for supporting process automation using phase function blocks in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates an example process control system 100 in accordance with this disclosure.
  • the embodiment of the process control system 100 shown in FIGURE 1 is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the process control system 100 may be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure.
  • the process control system 100 includes one or more process elements 102a-102b.
  • the process elements 102a-102b represent components in a process or production system that may perform any of a wide variety of functions.
  • the process elements 102a-102b could represent equipment used to manufacture chemical, pharmaceutical, paper, or petrochemical products.
  • Each of the process elements 102a-102b includes any hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof for performing one or more functions in a process or production system.
  • Two controllers 104a-104b are coupled to the process elements 102a-102b.
  • the controllers 104a-104b control the operation of the process elements 102a-102b.
  • the controllers 104a-104b could be capable of providing control signals to the process elements 102a-102b for controlling the production of chemical, pharmaceutical, paper, or petrochemical products.
  • Each of the controllers 104a-104b includes any hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof for controlling one or more of the process elements 102a-102b.
  • the controllers 104a-104b could, for example, include one or more processors 105 and one or more memories 107 storing instructions and data used, collected, or generated by the processor (s) 105.
  • the processors 105 could include processors of the POWERPC processor family running the GREEN HILLS INTEGRITY operating system or processors of the X86 processor family running a MICROSOFT WINDOWS operating system.
  • Two servers 106a-106b are coupled to the controllers 104a-104b.
  • the servers 106a-106b perform various functions to support the operation and control of the controllers 104a-104b and the process elements 102a- 102b.
  • the servers 106a-106b could log information collected or generated by the controllers 104a- 104b, such as status information related to the operation of the process elements 102a-102b.
  • the servers 106a-10 ⁇ b could also execute applications that control the operation of the controllers 104a-104b, thereby controlling the operation of the process elements 102a-102b.
  • the servers 106a-106b could provide secure access to the controllers 104a-104b.
  • Each of the servers 106a-106b includes any hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof for providing access to or control of the controllers 104a-104b.
  • Each of the servers 106a-106b could, for example, include one or more processors 109 and one or more memories 111 storing instructions and data used, collected, or generated by the processor (s) 109 (such as software executed by the servers 106a-106b) .
  • the processors 109 could include processors of the X86 processor family running a MICROSOFT WINDOWS operating system.
  • One or more operator stations 108a-108b are coupled to the servers 106a-106b, and one or more operator stations 108c are coupled to the controllers 104a-104b.
  • the operator stations 108a-108b represent computing or communication devices providing user access to the servers 106a—106b, which could then provide user access to the controllers 104a-104b and the process elements 102a-102b.
  • the operator stations 108c represent computing or communication devices providing direct user access to the controllers 104a-104b.
  • the operator stations 108a-108c could allow users to review the operational history of the process elements 102a-102b using information collected by the controllers 104a-104b and/or the servers 106a-106b.
  • the operator stations 108a-108c could also allow the users to adjust the operation of the process elements 102a-102b, controllers 104a-104b, or servers 106a-106b.
  • Each of the operator stations 108a-108c includes any hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof for supporting user access and control of the system 100.
  • Each of the operator stations 108a-108c could, for example, include one or more processors 113 and one or more memories 115 storing instructions and data used, collected, or generated by the processor (s) 113 (such as software executed by the operator stations 108a-108c) .
  • the operator stations 108a-108c could represent personal computers executing a MICROSOFT WINDOWS operating system.
  • At least one of the operator stations 108b is remote from the servers 106a-106b.
  • the remote station is coupled to the servers 106a-106b through a network 110.
  • the network 110 facilitates communication between various components in the system 100.
  • the network 110 may communicate Internet Protocol (IP) packets, frame relay frames, Asynchronous Transfer Mode
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the network 110 may include one or more local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), wide area networks (WANs) , all or a portion of a global network such as the Internet, or any other communication system or systems at one or more locations.
  • LANs local area networks
  • MANs metropolitan area networks
  • WANs wide area networks
  • the system 100 includes two additional servers 112a-112b.
  • the servers 112a-112b execute various applications to control the overall operation of the system 100.
  • the system 100 could be used in a processing or production plant or other facility, and the servers 112a-112b could execute applications used to control the plant or other facility.
  • the servers 112a-112b could execute applications such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) , manufacturing execution system (MES), or any other or additional plant or process control applications .
  • ERP enterprise resource planning
  • MES manufacturing execution system
  • Each of the servers 112a-112b includes any hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof for controlling the overall operation of the system 100.
  • the system 100 includes various redundant networks 114a-114b and single networks 116a-116c that support communication between components in the system 100.
  • Each of these networks 114a-114b, 116a- 116c represents any network or combination of networks facilitating communication between components in the system 100.
  • the networks 114a-114b, 116a-116c could, for example, represent Ethernet networks.
  • the process control system 100 manages one or multiple processes for producing one or more products (or parts thereof) .
  • the controllers 104a-104b and the servers 106a- 106b could manage one or multiple processes used to produce chemical, pharmaceutical, paper, or petrochemical products using the process elements 102a-102b.
  • the process control system 100 may implement a procedural automation mechanism that helps to automate the production processes.
  • the procedural automation mechanism may determine when certain tasks in a production process can be performed and which process elements 102a-102b are used during those tasks .
  • the procedural automation mechanism supports the use of one or multiple "recipes."
  • a recipe generally represents information defining the production requirements for one or more specific products (or parts thereof) .
  • a recipe is implemented using one or more function blocks, which represent executable software objects that can be combined together to define a control process implemented by one or more controllers 104a-104b.
  • a recipe could be implemented using multiple "phase" function blocks, which represent phases or portions of a recipe (such as individual steps of the recipe) .
  • the phase function blocks can be distributed within recipe control modules (RCMs) to one or more control execution environments (CEEs) executed, provided, or supported by the controllers 104a-104b.
  • the recipe control modules may support parallel phase function block execution and multi-level nested control of sequences via the phase function blocks.
  • Configuration options of the phase function blocks can determine the interactions between controlling and controlled state machines, and multiple phase function blocks can be used for the same controlled multi-layer state ⁇ machine.
  • Multiple phase function blocks can also be executed in the context of another multi-layer state machine, and those function blocks can be distributed across multiple controllers of a distributed control system (DCS) . This provides a highly flexible and highly robust technique for modular process automation.
  • DCS distributed control system
  • modular function blocks for any level of control can be used to provide the ability to coordinate procedure or sequence control from any level .
  • a user could intercept an automatic operation at any level and at any time to make changes to the process control system 100.
  • the process control system 100 could recover automatically from any operator intervention in a deterministic fashion and return to fully automatic operation.
  • runtime errors occur that cannot be handled automatically, the user could correct those errors, and the process control system 100 could resume automatic operation as soon as the last error has been corrected.
  • Many configurable options can be provided to allow consistent, yet site-specific, methodologies with respect to error handling, monitoring, and propagation (both upwards and downwards) in the process automation hierarchy.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates one example of a process control system 100
  • various changes may be made to
  • FIGURE 1 a process control system could include any number of process elements, controllers, servers, operator stations, and networks. Also, the makeup and arrangement of the process control system 100 is for illustration only. Components could be added, omitted, combined, or placed in any other configuration according to particular needs. Further, while described as being used to produce certain types of products, the process control system 100 could be used in any other manner.
  • FIGURE 1 illustrates one operational environment in which the procedural automation mechanism can be used. The procedural automation mechanism could be used in any other device or system.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates a specific implementation of a process control system 200 in accordance with this disclosure.
  • the process control system 200 of FIGURE 2 could represent a specific implementation of the process control system 100 of FIGURE 1, where many of the components in FIGURE 2 are used or supported by the controllers 104a-104b of FIGURE 1.
  • the embodiment of the process control system 200 in FIGURE 2 is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the process control system 200 could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure .
  • the process control system 200 includes one or more unit control modules (UCMs) 202, recipe control modules (RCMs) 204, sequential control modules (SCMs) 206, and control modules (CMs) 208.
  • the unit control modules 202, recipe control modules 204, sequential control modules 206, and control modules 208 are distributed across multiple control execution environments in the process control system 100, such as the controllers 104a-104b.
  • a unit control module 202 generally represents or is associated with a process unit 210 that contains one or multiple pieces of processing equipment, where use of the process unit 210 occurs after acquisition of the unit control module 202.
  • requester function blocks and resource function blocks can be invoked by, incorporated into, or otherwise used by the various control modules 202- 208.
  • the resource function blocks represent objects that can be acquired and released by the requester function blocks, where the requester function blocks use arbitration requests to attempt to acquire the resource function blocks.
  • a unit control module 202 can be acquired by a recipe control module 204, which allows the process unit 210 to be used during execution of the recipe control module 204.
  • a recipe control module 204 generally represents information defining the production requirements for one or more specific products (or parts thereof) , where execution of a recipe control module 204 could result in the production of a single batch of the one or more products
  • a recipe control module 204 could include a header, a procedure, a formula, and any equipment requirements .
  • the procedure in a recipe control module 204 is defined by a set of phases represented by phase function blocks 212.
  • Each phase of a recipe control module 204 is associated with a sequential control module 206, which interacts with one or more control modules 208 to implement one of the phases of the recipe control module 204.
  • the control modules 208 provide access to and control over the actual process unit 210.
  • the procedure in a recipe control module 204 could also include a set of step, transition, and synchronization blocks . Step blocks provide read/write access to the control modules 208, and synchronization blocks allow parallel execution of phase function blocks 212 or step blocks.
  • a recipe control module 204 manipulates the sequential control modules 206 through its phases, where the phases control the sequential control modules 206, monitor the execution states of the sequential control modules 206, and optionally propagate the execution states to the recipe control module 204.
  • Phase function blocks 212 may also monitor their parent recipe control modules' states and propagate the states to their underlying sequential control modules 206 when their parent recipe control modules 204 enter abnormal states.
  • the various control modules 204-208 could operate as defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61131 and 61512 (including 61512-1 ⁇ standards or in U.S. Patent No. 6,317,638 (all of which are hereby incorporated by reference) .
  • IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
  • a recipe control module 204 When a recipe control module 204 is created, it may optionally be associated with a specific unit control module 202.
  • the unit control module 202 can be acquired when the recipe control module 204 is executed and can optionally be released by the recipe control module 204 at any time, such as when the recipe control module 204 reaches a terminal state or at any other previous time.
  • Various parameters can be defined within the phase function blocks 212. These parameters may include a reference to a sequential control module 206 for execution control, a resource name to be allocated when a phase is started, and a flag indicating if the acquired resource will be released at the end of the execution of a sequential control module 206. By default, the resource name may be based on the selected sequential or recipe control module's name. If there is no selected sequential control module 206, a phase can be used for resource management purposes. Once in a terminal state, all resources acquired by the recipe control module 204 may or may not be released depending on the configuration flag.
  • An owner pointer 214 in the unit control module 202 identifies the recipe control module 204 currently being executed (the recipe control module 204 that currently owns or has acquired the unit control module 202).
  • An arbitration queue 216 identifies a specified number of recipe control modules 204 waiting to acquire the unit control module 202 to execute.
  • the unit control module 202 can select the next recipe control module 204 from the queue 216 using any arbitration technique supported by the unit control module 202 or defined by the user (such as first-in, first-out or other technique) .
  • the sequential control module 206 may include an arbitration queue 218.
  • One or more recipe control modules 204 that are waiting to acquire the sequential control module 206 on behalf of its phase blocks are identified in the arbitration queue 218 of the sequential control module 206.
  • the recipe control modules can be selected from the queue 218 in any order.
  • a phase function block 212 in a recipe control module 204 represents a function block used to acquire, initiate execution of, and monitor execution of a sequential control module 206 or another recipe control module 204.
  • the phase function block 212 may acquire the sequential control module 206, load formula parameters into the sequential control module 206, and start the sequential control module 206.
  • the formula parameters represent a set of parameters used by a phase to communicate appropriate recipe data to a sequential control module 206, such as data controlling how the process unit 210 is used during the phase execution.
  • phase function block 212 may monitor the status of the sequential control module 206.
  • the phase function block 212 may also project data from the sequential control module 206 so that SCM execution can be monitored by a recipe control module 204 through the phase function block 212.
  • the phase function block 212 may command the sequential control module 206 to upload various report parameters to the phase function block 212, such as when execution of the sequential control module 206 is complete or another terminal state is reached.
  • a phase function block 212 may or may not wait for the sequential control module 206 to complete before the phase completes, which allows the recipe control module 204 to proceed to the following phase or step.
  • phase function block 212 may or may not release any acquired resources (such as the sequential control module 206) at the completion of the phase.
  • the recipe control modules 204 and the phase function blocks 212 may generate and report batch events, which represent events associated with execution of a recipe.
  • batch event reporting is provided in U.S. Patent Application No. / , [Docket No. H0013263-0104] (which is 'hereby incorporated by reference) .
  • phase function block 212 can be divided into three general categories.
  • the phase function block 212 may provide or download data (such as parameter definitions and formula parameters) to a sequential control module 206 and receive or upload data (such as result parameter values) from the sequential control module 206.
  • the phase function block 212 may provide step-like behavior, including control of the sequential control module 206.
  • the phase function block 212 can engage in resource arbitration by requesting acquisition of and releasing the sequential control module 206 (as describing in U.S. Patent Application No. 11/453,119. These functions could be implemented as independent as possible to provide a higher degree of modularity, more simplified testing, and more universal use.
  • phase function blocks 212 may be the same as or similar to custom data blocks or custom algorithm blocks used in process control systems.
  • the phase function blocks 212 could support fixed and custom parameters, and the custom parameters could include formula and report parameters . Additional details regarding custom data blocks and custom algorithm blocks and the creation and maintenance thereof are provided in U.S. Patent Application No. 11/261,015, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the phase function blocks 212 could only be contained in recipe control modules 204, and a phase function block 212 could control a single sequential control module 206.
  • phase function blocks 212 In a manner similar to the creation of a custom data block or a custom algorithm block, a user could define phase function blocks 212 and create instances of the phase function blocks 212 for use. For example, the user could define phase function block types and then create phase function blocks, which represent specific instances of the phase function block types. As a particular example, the user could use a form having different tabs, where each tab allows the user to provide different information about a type of phase function block 212.
  • FIGURES 3 through 9 One example of a form used to define phase function blocks 212 is shown in FIGURES 3 through 9, which are described below.
  • the recipe control modules 204 can be arranged hierarchically.
  • a higher-level recipe control module could define a process for producing at least one product or part thereof.
  • a lower-level recipe control module (which is initiated by a higher-level recipe control module) could define a subset of that process.
  • the phase function blocks 212 could define the linkages between higher-level and lower-level recipe control modules.
  • the phase function blocks 212 could also define a set of formula parameters that a higher-level recipe control module passes to a lower-level recipe control module when the lower-level module is initiated by the higher-level module.
  • the phase function blocks 212 could also define a set of report parameters that hold the results of the execution of the lower-level module.
  • the phase function blocks 212 could also define state propagation rules for both directions
  • phase function blocks 212 could define the arbitration behavior of the phase function blocks 212.
  • FIGURE 2 illustrates a specific implementation of a process control system 200
  • the process control system 200 could include any number of unit control modules 202, recipe control modules 204, sequential control modules 206, control modules 208, process units 210, and phase function blocks 212.
  • FIGURES 3 through 9 illustrate an example form 300 used to configure a phase function block in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure.
  • the form 300 could be used to create or modify a specific phase function block or to create or modify a phase function block type, which could then be used to create specific phase function blocks of that type.
  • the form 300 shown in FIGURES 3 through 9 is for illustration only. Any other mechanism (s) could be used to create, modify, and delete phase function blocks or phase function block types.
  • the form 300 is described as being used to manage phase function blocks 212 or phase function block types in the process control system 200 of FIGURE 2.
  • the form 300 could be used with any other function blocks, types, and systems.
  • the form 300 can be used to define various aspects of a phase function block 212.
  • the form 300 can be accessed by a user via a tree 302 and an RCM definition window 304.
  • the tree 302 allows the user to select (among other things) an existing recipe control module 204 in a process control system.
  • New recipe control modules 204 could be generated in any suitable manner, such as by using the tree or by selecting the appropriate command under a menu.
  • Selection of an existing recipe control module 204 could present the user with the RCM definition window 304, which allows the user to define or modify the selected recipe control module 204.
  • Part of this definition or modification could include the creation or modification of a phase type, which can be created by (among other things) defining formulas and report parameters. Instances of the phase types, which represent the actual phase function blocks 212, can then be created within the recipe control module 204.
  • the user indicates a desire to create or modify a phase function block, the user could be presented with the form 300.
  • the form 300 includes multiple tabs 306, which can be used to present different information and options to the user in the form 300. Selection of the "Main" tab 306 in the form 300 presents the user with the information and options shown in FIGURE 3. This includes two text boxes 308-310 allowing the user to provide a name and description of a phase function block 212.
  • the form 300 also includes a block identifier 312, which could uniquely identify the phase function block 212 in a process control system and be generated automatically.
  • a checkbox 314 indicates whether the phase function block 212 can be restarted where it stopped (restart address is updated) or at its beginning when its execution is interrupted.
  • Status information 316 identifies the current status and description of the configuration of the phase function block 212 and the execution of the phase function block 212.
  • a checkbox 318 indicates whether peer-to-peer reads (such as those involving a component in a different control execution environment on a different controller) are always enabled, even if the read is not required.
  • Phase execution information 320 identifies miscellaneous information regarding execution of the phase function block 212, such as the current loop iteration and the most recent start and completion times and dates for the phase function block 212.
  • State information 322 identifies the current state and version number of the phase function block 212.
  • a text box 402 allows the user to identify the resource that a phase function block 212 uses at runtime. This often represents a sequential control module 206, although other values could be used.
  • the text box 402 could also name a recipe control module 204 or "none" if the phase function block 212 is used as a Null phase block ⁇ which holds a recipe level formula and report parameters) .
  • a Null phase function block 212 need not perform or provide any phase control functionality.
  • Checkboxes 404 control how the phase function block 212 acquires and releases the identified resource. For example, the checkboxes 404 could identify whether the phase function block 212 should acquire the resource before beginning execution. The checkboxes 404 could also identify whether the phase function block 212 will execute and control the resource. In some embodiments, a phase function block 212 could be used only for resource arbitration (such as when it acquires the SCM ahead of time for another phase function block 212 to use) . In this case, the phase function block 212 could be configured to not execute the sequential control module 206. The checkboxes 404 could further identify whether the phase function block 212 should wait for the resource to reach a terminal state before the phase function block 212 completes its execution. In addition, the checkboxes 404 could identify whether the phase function block 212 should release the resource after the phase function block 212 reaches a terminal state.
  • a set of drop-down menus 406 allows the user to control various expected status parameters of the sequential control module 206.
  • the user can define what the state, mode, mode attribute, and execution status of the sequential control module 206 should be before execution of the sequential control module 206 begins.
  • the state identifies the current status of the sequential control module 206.
  • the mode attribute controls whether a phase function block 212 can automatically program the sequential control module 206 (such as by loading formula parameters into the SCM) .
  • the mode controls whether the phase function block 212 can automatically change the value of the SCM' s mode attribute.
  • the execution status identifies the current execution status of the sequential control module 206.
  • State projection section 408 controls how one or more abnormal states in the equipment associated with the phase function block 212 (such as the SCM or other resource) are mapped to one or more states of the recipe control module 204.
  • the state projection section 408 could indicate that Held, Stopped, and Aborted states in a resource translate to the Abort state in the recipe control module 204.
  • state propagation section 410 controls how one or more abnormal states in the recipe control module 204 are mapped to one or more states in the resource associated with the phase function block 212.
  • the state propagation section 410 could indicate that Held, Stopped, and Aborted states in the recipe control module 204 translate to the Abort state in the resource.
  • default values for the state projections and propagations can be defined in a recipe control module 204 ⁇ such as shown in FIGURE 10) , and checkboxes in the sections 408-410 allow the options in the sections 408-410 to override the default values. Overall, these two sections 408-410 allow states of the recipe control module 204 and the sequential control module 206 to be maintained consistently in the system.
  • a parameters section 412 allows the user to identify parameters and their associated descriptions used by the phase function block 212.
  • a checkbox in the parameters section 412 indicates whether the trend of a particular parameter should be tracked. If checked, a trend section 414 allows the user to define various information about tracking the trend of a parameter. This could include information about the expected duration of the phase function block' s execution and how often the status of a parameter is updated (the trend update interval) . This could also include a value assigned to the trend and an initial offset or delay in tracking the trend of the parameter.
  • formula parameters represent data downloaded into a sequential control module 206 or other resource for use in executing a phase of a recipe control module 204 on a process unit 210.
  • the information and options include a table 502 of entries 504 identifying the user-defined formula parameters for the phase function block 212.
  • the formula parameters defined in the entries 504 could include the following fields, each of which may or may not appear in FIGURE 5.
  • a parameter name represents a user-defined name for the formula parameter in the table 502.
  • a description represents a short description of the formula parameter, and a data type defines the data type of the formula parameter (such as real, string, Boolean, or enumeration) .
  • An enable flag indicates whether use of a particular formula parameter is currently enabled or disabled.
  • a value identifies the- actual value currently assigned to the formula parameter, which could be overwritten by an authorized user at creation time or runtime.
  • a "use reference value” flag indicates whether the actual value for the formula parameter is defined in the table 502 or referenced at a different location.
  • An engineering unit specifies the unit of measurement (time, volume, etc.) for the formula parameter's value.
  • a minimum value and a maximum value specify a range of allowable values for the formula parameter.
  • a scalable flag indicates whether the formula parameter can be scaled based on a batch scale factor, allowing the formula parameter' s value to be altered depending on whether a total or partial batch of a product is being produced (although other embodiments could use more complex formulas or inserted functions for mathematical transformations of formula parameters) .
  • a parameter reference defines the destination of the formula parameter's value, or the location where the parameter value is written to during parameter downloading (such as to a sequential control module 206 for writing to a control module 208) .
  • An access lock controls whether the formula parameter can be changed by an operator, a high- level program, or recipe phase logic at creation time or runtime .
  • a user may configure the parameter name, and a process control system provides a mechanism to automatically generate the other fields (which can then be modified by the user) .
  • the user could define the parameter name HeatTarget.
  • the process control system could then generate a description HeatTarget . Description, a data type HeatTarget . DataType, and so on.
  • Each field in an entry 504 could be treated as an individual element, and information for each field could be required.
  • the defined formula parameters could then be stored in a database.
  • a limited number of formula parameters (such as fifty) could be configured for each phase function block 212, although no hard limit on the number of formula parameters could also be supported.
  • a parameter definition editor (such as that disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 11/261,015) can be used to define the formula parameters .
  • the invocation of the parameter definition editor could be consistent with the creation of custom data blocks.
  • Selection of the "Report Parameters" tab 306 in the form 300 presents the user with the information and options shown in FIGURE 6.
  • report parameters are used by a phase function block 212 to retrieve execution results from a sequential control module 206 or other resource.
  • the information and options may include a table 602 of entries 604 identifying the user-defined report parameters for the phase function block 212.
  • the report parameters defined in the entries 604 could include the following fields, each of which may or may not appear in FIGURE 6.
  • a parameter name represents a user-defined name for the report parameter in the table 602.
  • a description represents a short description of the report parameter, and a data type defines the data type of the report parameter (such as real, string, Boolean, or enumeration) .
  • An enable flag indicates whether use of a report parameter is currently enabled or disabled.
  • a value identifies the actual value of the report parameter.
  • An engineering unit specifies the unit of measurement for the report parameter's value.
  • a minimum value and a maximum value specify a range of allowable values for the report parameter.
  • a trend flag indicates whether the trend of the report .parameter's value should be tracked.
  • a parameter reference defines the source of the report parameter, or the location where the parameter value is read from during results uploading (such as from a control module 208 via a sequential control module 206) .
  • the same techniques described above with respect to the formula parameters can be used with the report parameters.
  • the same configuration and parameter population techniques could be used.
  • a limit (such as fifty) may or may not be imposed on the number of report parameters.
  • a parameter definition editor can be used to define the report parameters .
  • Selection of the "Identification" tab 306 in the form 300 presents the user with the information and options shown in FIGURE 7.
  • the information and options include two text boxes 702, which allow the user to define the resource name and description associated with a phase function block 212. This may be the same as the information provided in the text boxes 308-310 in FIGURE 3.
  • the information and options may also include multiple text boxes 704, which allow the user to provide various comments about the phase function block 212.
  • the information and options may include library information 706, which identifies one or more templates associated with the phase function block 212.
  • Selection of the "Dependencies" tab 306 in the form 300 presents the user with the information and options shown in FIGURE 8.
  • the information and options include a derivation hierarchy 802, which identifies one or more modules associated with the phase function block 212.
  • the derivation hierarchy 802 identifies the recipe control module 204 in which the phase function block 212 resides.
  • Selection of the "Template Defining" tab 306 in the form 300 presents the user with the information and options shown in FIGURE 9.
  • Controls 906 can be used to move parameters from the list 902 into the template defining area 904 and vice versa.
  • the controls 906 can also be used to define certain parameters as arrays.
  • the user can use the controls 906 to define a template, which controls the content of the other tabs 306 in the form 300.
  • a user can successfully create or modify phase function blocks 212 in a process control system.
  • the user can define one or more phase function block types and create instances of the types (actual phase function blocks 212) for use in a recipe control module 204.
  • the user can define each phase function block type's formula parameters, which are used to provide the necessary data to a sequential control module 206 so the sequential control module 206 can successfully interact with a control module 208 to implement a phase.
  • the user can also define each phase function block type's report parameters, which are used to retrieve execution data from the sequential control module 206.
  • a phase function block 212 may require one or multiple execution cycles to perform all actions required by its configuration. The number of cycles required may be dependent on several factors, including the equipment name provided in the text box 402, the options selected using the checkboxes 404, and the controller in which the controlled resource resides (which could involve a subscription period associated with peer- to-peer communications) . In many cases, a phase function block 212 may require fewer cycles if the resource identified in the text box 402 (such as a sequential control module 206) is within the same CEE as the phase function block 212. If the resource resides in a different CEE, the same number of cycles might be achieved if the text box 402 is left blank.
  • the phase function block 212 may require at least one execution cycle when the text box 402 is blank and two execution cycles when the text box 402 is not blank. If within different CEEs, a phase function block 212 may require one execution cycle when the text box 402 is blank, four execution cycles if the text box 402 is not blank and all checkboxes 404 are selected, and five execution cycles if the text box 402 is not blank and all checkboxes 404 are selected and formula parameters are used. Additional cycles may be required if the subscription period is higher than the SCM period or the RCM period, or if the SCM period is higher than the RCM period. By using the appropriate selections, the real-time behavior of the phase function blocks 212 can be controlled, supporting the use of the phase function blocks 212 in hard real-time process control systems .
  • a process control system could provide configuration status handling to verify the information provided by the user via the form 300.
  • the configuration status handling could involve verifying parameter definitions (such as by verifying a proper value for a formula parameter in light of its minimum value and maximum value) .
  • the configuration status handling could also detect unsupported configurations and flag unlikely configurations.
  • execution status handling could be provided for the phase function block 212.
  • the execution status handling could involve verifying parameter stores and reads, verifying SCM control, and verifying acquisition of a resource (such as an SCM) .
  • FIGURES 3 through 9 illustrate one example of a form 300 used to configure a phase function block 212 in a process control system
  • various changes may be made to FIGURES 3 through 9.
  • the content and arrangement of the information and options in FIGURES 3 through 9 are for illustration only.
  • the form 300 could include any other or additional information and options arranged in any manner, and the information and options shown in the form 300 could vary depending on the template defined for the form 300.
  • the specific information and options in the form 300 are for illustration only.
  • the form 300 could allow the user to select or specify any other or additional parameters associated with a phase function block 212.
  • FIGURES 10 through 12 illustrate example forms used to configure and monitor a recipe control module 204 in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure.
  • the forms shown in FIGURES 10 through 12 are for illustration only. Any other mechanism (s) could be used to configure and monitor recipe control modules . Also, for ease of explanation, the forms are described as being used to configure and monitor recipe control modules 204 in the process control system 200 of FIGURE 2. The forms could be used with any other function blocks and systems .
  • a form 1000 can be used to configure a recipe control module 204.
  • the form 1000 includes various tabs 1002, which present different information and options to the user in the form 1000.
  • the information and options include general recipe information 1004.
  • the general recipe information 1004 includes a name of a unit control module 202 associated with the recipe control module 204. This is the unit control module 202 that the recipe control module 204 acquires before the recipe control module 204 is executed using the process unit 210 associated with the unit control module 202,
  • the general recipe information 1004 also includes a batch identifier, a current batch size, a default batch size, and a batch size engineering unit. These fields are related to a batch of product produced using the recipe control module 204.
  • a Mode Tracking field defines how the mode attribute of a sequential control module 206 or another recipe control module 204 is controlled by mode changes in this recipe control module 204.
  • the default value for the batch identifier could be the same as the recipe control module's tag name.
  • the default values for the current batch size and the actual batch size could be 100, and the default for the batch size engineering unit could be percentage.
  • the Mode Tracking could be set to none (no tracking) , One Shot tracking (one mode change in RCM sent to SCM or other RCM) , Continuous Tracking with Return
  • Continuous Tracking multiple mode changes in RCM sent to SCM or other RCM.
  • the unit control module 202 could be selected before a control recipe can be downloaded into a controller.
  • State projection and propagation section 1006 provides default values controlling how one or more abnormal states in a resource are mapped to one or more states in the recipe control module 204 and vice versa. As noted above, these values can be overridden using the state projection section 408 and the state propagation section 410 for a phase function block.
  • two checkboxes 1008 identify whether the recipe control module 204 should release any resources allocated to its phases during normal or abnormal termination. By default, any resources acquired by the recipe control module 204 and its phases could be released automatically once the recipe control module 204 has reached a terminal state.
  • a form 1100 can be used to monitor execution of a recipe control module 204.
  • the form 1100 includes various tabs 1102, which present different information and options to the user in the form 1100.
  • Selection of the '"Active Phases" tab 1102 presents the information and options shown in FIGURE 11.
  • the information and options include an active phase table 1104, which has an entry 1106 for each phase currently being executed in a process control system.
  • each phase being executing in parallel is listed in the table 1104.
  • An index, name, and description of each phase are included in the table 1104.
  • the current execution length of each phase is also identified in the table 1104, along with the name of the resource (such as an SCM) involved in the phase.
  • a trend value could be provided for one or more parameters of each phase .
  • Selection of one of the phases listed in the table 1104 could present a form 1200 as shown in FIGURE 12 to the user.
  • the form 1200 contains detailed information regarding the selected phase.
  • the form 1200 could include a navigation area 1202, which allows the user to view the various phases, the topology between phases, and the current states of the phases in a recipe control module 204.
  • the form 1200 could also include general phase information 1204, such as the name, description, iteration, and start time of the phase.
  • the form 1200 could further include detailed phase information 1206, such as values for various formula and report parameters and other parameters being monitored.
  • An SCM area 1210 identifies the state, execution status, mode, and mode attribute settings of the sequential control module 206 associated with the selected phase.
  • a comments area 1212 allows users to add comments associated with the selected phase, and the comments could be stored for later use.
  • FIGURES 10 through 12 illustrate examples of forms used to configure and monitor a recipe control module 204 in a process control system
  • various changes may be made to FIGURES 10 through 12.
  • the content and arrangement of the information and options in FIGURES 10 through 12 are for illustration only.
  • the forms could include any other or additional information and options arranged in any manner.
  • the specific information and options in the forms are for illustration only.
  • the forms could allow the user to select, specify, or view any other or additional parameters associated with a recipe control module 204.
  • FIGURE 13 illustrates an example state model 1300 for a phase function block 212 in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure.
  • the embodiment of the state model 1300 shown in FIGURE 13 is for illustration only. Other embodiments of the state model 1300 could be used without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Also, for ease of explanation, the state model 1300 is described with respect to the phase function blocks 212 operating in the process control system 200 of FIGURE 2. The state model 1300 could be used by any other function blocks and in any other system.
  • the state model 1300 may be compatible with an internal state model of the sequential control module 206.
  • the state model 1300 also includes additional states due to the distinct functions of the phase function block 212.
  • the states in dashed lines may be passed within a single processing cycle (such as when processing takes place within a single control execution environment) and may therefore not be visible to the user.
  • a phase function block 212 may perform (among other things) the following tasks during execution through its parent recipe control module 204:
  • a phase function block 212 may ask its container recipe control module 204 to acquire a sequential control module 206 (by transmitting an arbitration request to the sequential control module 206) if it is not already acquired. While acquiring the sequential control module, the state of the phase function block 212 may change to ProcAcquire . Once the sequential control module 206 is acquired, the state of the phase function block 212 may transition to ProcModeTrk, and the phase function block 212 may continue execution.
  • the phase function block 212 may wait until the mode attribute of the sequential control module 206 changes to Program. [0084] Once mode tracking is completed, the phase function block 212 may start the next task, formula parameter store, and the state of the phase function block 212 transitions to ProcFormula. While in the ProcFormula state, the phase function block 212 stores formula parameter values to the sequential control module 206 or other destination blocks. The phase function block 212 may read the value of a formula parameter from the value field in the table 502 and write the value to the destination parameter specified in the parameter reference field. The phase function block 212 could then wait for the status of the parameter download from the destination block.
  • phase function block 212 could generate an event for each of the formula parameter downloads, and the value of each formula parameter can be recorded to an event journal along with the event .
  • the phase function block 212 may transition to the ProcExec state and issue a Start command to the sequential control module 206.
  • the sequential control module 206 may start executing when it receives the Start command from the phase function block 212.
  • the phase function block 212 then monitors the execution of the sequential control module 206 and projects the key execution information of the sequential control module 206. Once execution of the sequential control module 206 is complete or reaches to a terminal state (Aborted or terminal Stopped) , the state of the phase function block 212 transitions to ProcState and then to ProcReport.
  • the phase function block 212 retrieves data from the source that is defined in the report parameter reference field (the data source is normally an SCM parameter but can be a parameter in another block) and saves the data to the value field defined in the table 602.
  • the values of the report parameters are also recorded in the event journal with each report parameter uploading event .
  • the phase function block 212 transitions to the ProcReset state.
  • the phase function block 212 may give a Reset command to the sequential control module 206 to bring it to the Idle state.
  • the phase function block then transitions to the ProcMinWait state (in which the phase function block 212 waits for a configured minimum time to expire) and then transitions to the ProcRelease state.
  • the phase function block 212 releases the sequential control module 206.
  • the phase function block 212 then transitions to the Active state to complete the execution. While executing, the phase function block 212 can optionally generate start, end, control start, control end, acquire, release, and state change events to the event journal.
  • Table 1 describes the various states contained in the state model 1300.
  • Table 1 [0088] Table 2 defines the various transitions between states in the state model 1300.
  • a phase function block 212 may not act on an SCM sta'te if the SCM' s mode attribute is not set to Program (which could include unreadable or invalid values for the mode attribute) .
  • formula parameters whose use is enabled may be stored to their target references (if not Null) . If a formula parameter's value is a reference, the reference parameter may be read before storage. Scaling can be applied if configured, and processing could start for all parameters in the same cycle in the order configured. If all parameters are within the same control execution environment and no errors occur, all parameter processing could occur in the same execution cycle. If references are peer-to-peer (either for read or write) , processing of the parameters may complete in a different order than specified and may take multiple cycles. The ProcExec state may be reached if and when all formula parameter processing is completed successfully.
  • failed store attempts may be repeated. For example, a failed store attempt could be repeated six times, waiting ten execution cycles between repeats . However, these values could be modifiable in code, such as by using different tuning constants for different CEE platforms.
  • the execution status of the phase function block 212 may be set to Warning and then to Error if the phase function block 212 gives up.
  • the phase function block 212 may scale a formula parameter at the time when a parameter store is attempted
  • phase function block (i.e. after phase activation) .
  • the recipe control module 204 may control if and when changes of the scale parameter are allowed.
  • phase function block's state may change to the ProcState state if the SCM changes its state to Running, Complete, Aborting, Aborted, Stopping, Stopped, Holding, Held, Interrupting, or Restarting. This allows a user to recover from this situation without aborting the recipe control module 204.
  • report parameters whose use is enabled may be read from their source references (if not Null) . Processing may begin for all of the report parameters in the same cycle in the order configured. If references are peer-to-peer, processing of the report parameters may complete in a different order than specified and may take multiple cycles.
  • the ProcReset State may be reached if and when all report parameter processing is completed successfully.
  • an execution status may reflect the processing results.
  • the phase function block's state may- change to ProcMinWait if the SCM changes state to Idle, Checking, or Inactive. This allows a user to recover from this situation without aborting the recipe control module 204.
  • phase function block 212 may interact with a sequential control module 206. In some embodiments, all phase steps may remain active even when a recipe control module 204 is placed in the Hold state. Table 3 summarizes, for a particular embodiment, the possible phase function block- sequential control module communications during the ProcExec state.
  • phase function block 212 may not provide two consecutive Start commands .
  • An internal start command counter may be reset when the phase function block 212 is in the Inactive state.
  • Table 7 summarizes, for a particular embodiment, the possible phase function block-sequential control module communications during the ProcState state (where the recipe control module 204 performs a Restart) .
  • Table 8 summarizes, for a particular embodiment,- the possible phase function block-sequential control module communications during the ProcReset state.
  • a phase function block 212 may contain a requester object or requester function block, which can be used to acquire resource function blocks associated with resources (such as sequential control modules 206 or unit control modules 202) .
  • the phase function block 212 may command the requester object to acquire a resource when the phase function block 212 is activated.
  • the phase function block 212 may also command the requester object to release the resource when the phase function block 212 becomes inactive.
  • Table 9 summarizes, for a particular embodiment, the possible phase function block-requester object communications during the ProcAcquire state. Processing may be skipped with an immediate transition to the ProcFormula state if no resource is specified.
  • Table 10 summarizes, for a particular embodiment, the possible phase function block-requester object communications during the ProcRelease state.
  • the parameters REQIN and RELIN may not be used externally and are used to describe internal activity between the phase function block 212 and an embedded resource object.
  • a resource such as a sequential control module 206 may or may not be required to reach a terminal state (such as a Completed, Aborted, or terminal Stopped state) before a phase function block 212 is completed.
  • a terminal state such as a Completed, Aborted, or terminal Stopped state
  • Table 11 illustrates different possible configurations or operations of a phase function block 212.
  • reporting of the report parameters could be skipped, or the report parameters could be reported as soon as an SCM Start command is issued.
  • Table 12 illustrates the functional power of the phase function block 212 that results from the free and mostly independent combination of its major sub-functions.
  • a value of "x" in a table entry means it does not matter what the value is in that entry, and the value "CM.ResFB" refers to a control module 208 incorporating a resource function block. Also, if multiple lines apply, the line with the worst status could take precedence.
  • FIGURE 13 illustrates one example of a state model 1300 for a phase function block 212 in a process control system
  • the state model 1300 could include any other or additional states and transitions depending on particular needs.
  • FIGURES 14A through 23C illustrate example interactions between a recipe control module 204, a phase function block 212, and a sequential control module 206 in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure.
  • the interactions shown in FIGURES 14A through 23C are for illustration only. These components could interact in any other or additional ways without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Also, for ease of explanation, these interactions are described with respect to particular components in the process control system 200 of FIGURE 2. These interactions could occur between any other components and in any other system.
  • FIGURES 14A through 23C may identify an event (such as a command) associated with a recipe control module 204, a state of the recipe control module 204, an event associated with a phase function block 212, a state of a sequential control module 206, and an event associated with the sequential control module 206.
  • the solid arrows in FIGURES 14A through 23C illustrate the effects directly caused by commands, the dashed arrows illustrate the effects caused by information transfers (such as an update of a state change in one component causing a state change in another component) , and pairs of half-arrows illustrate internal state transitions.
  • FIGURES 14A through 14C illustrate the interactions between the recipe control module 204, the phase function block 212 , and the sequential control module
  • FIGURE 14A illustrates the interactions during normal execution
  • FIGURE 14B illustrates the interactions during an upper level abort
  • FIGURE 14C illustrates the interactions during a lower level abort.
  • FIGURES 15A through 15C illustrate the interactions when an aborted sequential control module 206 leads to a holding state in the recipe control module 204.
  • the Abort state of the recipe control module 204 is mapped to the Abort state of the sequential control module 206, but the Abort state of the sequential control module 206 is mapped to the Hold state of the recipe control module 204.
  • the second and third checkboxes 404 in FIGURE 4 are selected (turned on) .
  • FIGURE 15A illustrates the interactions during normal execution
  • FIGURE 15B illustrates the interactions during an upper level abort
  • FIGURE 15C illustrates the interactions during a lower level abort.
  • FIGURES 16A through 16C illustrate the interactions when there is no bottom-up (SCM-to-RCM) propagation of abnormal states.
  • the Abort state of the recipe control module 204 is mapped to the Abort state of the sequential control module 206, but the Abort state of the sequential control module 206 is not mapped to a state of the recipe control module 204.
  • the second and third checkboxes 404 in FIGURE 4 are selected (turned on) .
  • FIGURE 16A illustrates the interactions during normal execution
  • FIGURE 16B illustrates the interactions during an upper level abort
  • FIGURE 16C illustrates the interactions during a lower level abort.
  • the sequential control module 206 is aborted early, and the recipe control module 204 does not enter any abnormal handling (it runs to successful completion) because of the lack of state propagation. As a result, this configuration may not be used when a Complete state of the recipe control module 204 is interpreted as the successful completion of the phases.
  • FIGURES 17A through 17C illustrate the interactions when there is no top-down (RCM-to-SCM) propagation of abnormal states.
  • the Abort state of the sequential control module 206 is mapped to the Abort state of the recipe control module 204, but the Abort state of the recipe control module 204 is not mapped to a state of the sequential control module 206.
  • the second and third checkboxes 404 in FIGURE 4 are selected (turned on) .
  • FIGURE 17A illustrates the interactions during normal execution
  • FIGURE 17B illustrates the interactions during an upper level abort
  • FIGURE 17C illustrates the interactions during a lower level abort.
  • the recipe control module 204 aborts the sequence early, but the sequential control module 206 does not enter any abnormal handling because of the lack of state propagation. As a result, intervention may be required to halt execution of the sequential control module 206, or the sequential control module 206 may execute to completion.
  • FIGURES 18A through 18C illustrate the interactions when the sequential control module 206 is initiated and left running (no further interaction is required) . It is assumed that the second checkbox 404 in FIGURE 4 is selected (turned on) and the third checkbox 404 in FIGURE 4 is not selected (turned off) . Also, there is no mapping of the Abort states between the recipe control module 204 and the sequential control module 206.
  • FIGURE 18A illustrates the interactions during normal execution
  • FIGURE 18B illustrates the interactions during an upper level abort
  • FIGURE 18C illustrates the interactions during a lower level abort.
  • FIGURES 19A through 19C illustrate the interactions when the recipe control module 204 is waiting for the sequential control module- 206 to terminate.
  • FIGURES 2OA through 2OC illustrate the interactions when no sequential control module 206 is specified and the phase function block 212 is used only for resource management or formula/report parameter processing. It is assumed that the second and third checkboxes 404 in FIGURE 4 are not selected (turned off) . Also, there is no mapping of the Abort states between the recipe control module 204 and any sequential control modules 206.
  • FIGURE 20A illustrates the interactions during normal execution
  • FIGURE 20B illustrates the interactions during an upper level abort
  • FIGURE 2OC illustrates the interactions during a lower level abort.
  • FIGURES 2IA through 21C illustrate the interactions when no sequential control module 206 is specified and top-down propagation is ignored. It is assumed that the second and third checkboxes 404 in FIGURE 4 are not selected (turned off) . Also, the Abort state of the recipe control module 204 is mapped to the Abort state of a sequential control module 206 (although this may have no effect) , but the Abort state of a sequential control module 206 is not mapped to a state of the recipe control module 204.
  • FIGURE 21A illustrates the interactions during normal execution
  • FIGURE 2IB illustrates the interactions during an upper level abort
  • FIGURE 21C illustrates the interactions during a lower level abort.
  • FIGURES 22A through 22C illustrate the interactions when the recipe control module 204 has no control of a sequential control module 206.
  • the recipe control module 204 may react to an abort from the sequential control module 206, but the recipe control module 204 may not reset the sequential control module 206. It is assumed that the second and third checkboxes 404 in FIGURE 4 are not selected (turned off) . Also, the Abort state of the recipe control module 204 is not mapped to a state of the sequential control module 206, but the Abort state of the sequential control module 206 is mapped to the Abort state of the recipe control module 204.
  • FIGURE 22A illustrates the interactions during normal execution
  • FIGURE 22B illustrates the interactions during an upper level abort
  • FIGURE 22C illustrates the interactions during a lower level abort.
  • the transition in time slices one and two occurs because of a phase-to-phase transition. This means that the phase function block 212 controlling the sequential control module 206 becomes part of the current scope of execution and therefore reacts to the already aborted or aborting sequential control module 206.
  • FIGURES 23A through 23C illustrate the interactions when the recipe control module 204 does have control of the sequential control module 206.
  • the recipe control module 204 may react to an abort of the sequential control module 206, and the recipe control module 204 may reset the sequential control module 206. It is assumed that the second and third checkboxes 404 in FIGURE 4 are not selected (turned off) . Also, the Abort state of the recipe control module 204 is mapped to the Abort state of the sequential control module 206 and vice versa.
  • FIGURE 23A illustrates the interactions during normal execution
  • FIGURE 23B illustrates the interactions during an upper level abort
  • FIGURE 23C illustrates the interactions during a lower level abort.
  • FIGURES 14A through 23C illustrate examples of the interactions between a recipe control module 204, a phase function block 212, and a sequential control module 206 in a process control system
  • various changes could be made to FIGURES 14A through 23C.
  • any other or additional interactions could occur in the process control system.
  • FIGURES 24A through 24D illustrate example distributions of recipe control modules 204 in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure.
  • the various distributions shown in FIGURES 24A through 24D are for illustration only.
  • the recipe control modules 204 could be distributed in any other or additional ways.
  • unit recipes define production requirements for a unit in the process control system 100.
  • a unit represents a collection of associated control modules and equipment modules (such as SCMs and
  • all unit recipes 2402 associated with the same class can be stored on a single controller.
  • This single controller generally has access to all unit recipes, as well as a unit procedure defining the operations that need to be performed and an algorithm for initializing, organizing, and controlling these operations.
  • unit recipes 2420 associated with the same class are stored on multiple controllers. Each controller also has access to the operations 2422 associated with those unit recipes 2420.
  • a unit procedure 2424 defining the overall procedure to be followed is stored on one of the controllers.
  • each unit recipe 2450 is stored on a separate controller, along with its associated operations 2452.
  • a unit procedure 2454 is stored on one of the controllers.
  • each unit recipe is distributed across multiple controllers (such as unit recipe 2480a-2480b) .
  • the operations 2482 and the unit procedure 2484 are also distributed and stored in separate controllers .
  • FIGURES 24A through 24D illustrate examples of the distributions of recipe control modules 204 in a process control system
  • various changes may be made to FIGURES 24A through 24D.
  • the divisions of the recipe control modules 204 into the components shown in FIGURES 24A through 24D are for illustration only.
  • the recipe control modules 204 could be sub-divided and distributed in any other or additional manner.
  • FIGURE 25 illustrates an example method 2500 for supporting process automation using phase function blocks in a process control system in accordance with this disclosure.
  • the method 2500 is described as involving the phase function blocks 212 in the process control system 200 of FIGURE 2.
  • the method 2500 could be used with any other function blocks and systems .
  • a phase function block 212 waits to receive an event from a recipe control module 204 at step 2502, and the phase function block 212 determines if an event is received at step 2504. If not, the phase function block 212 returns to step 2502. In this way, the phase function block 212 waits to receive a first event from the recipe control module 204. If no event is received, the phase function block 212 continues to wait for the event.
  • the event could, for example, indicate that the phase function block 212 should begin execution.
  • the phase function block 212 reads the new event at step 2508. Otherwise, the phase function block 212 uses a prior event at step 2510.
  • the first event received by the phase function block 212 (allowing the phase function block 212 to break out of the loop in steps 2502-2504) is a new event, so the first event is read by the phase function block 212.
  • the phase function block 212 then reads the state of a sequential control module 206 at step 2512.
  • the state could indicate that the sequential control module 206 is idle, running, and so on.
  • the phase function block 212 206 determines an action associated with the sequential control module's state at step 2514. If a command is needed for the sequential control module 206 at step 2516, the phase function block 212 communicates a suitable command to the sequential control module 206 at step 2518. This could include, for example, the phase function block 212 issuing a Start command to the sequential control module 206 if the sequential control module 206 is in the Idle state.
  • the phase function block 212 may then return to step 2512 to read another state from the sequential control module 206.
  • the phase function block 212 waits for a time period to elapse at step 2522. This could include, for example, the phase function block 212 allowing a timer to elapse. In this case, the phase function block 212 may have issued a command earlier and is waiting for the sequential control module 206 to reach a particular state.
  • phase function block 212 reads and processes report parameters from the sequential control module 206 at step 2524. In this case, it is assumed that the sequential control module 206 has reached a desired state and no more commands are required. The phase function block 212 may therefore read the results from the execution of the sequential control module 206 and use the results in any suitable manner.
  • FIGURE 25 illustrates one example of a method 2500 for supporting process automation using phase function blocks in a process control system
  • various changes may be made to FIGURE 25.
  • the steps shown in FIGURE 25 could overlap or occur in parallel .
  • various functions described above are implemented or supported by a computer program that is formed from computer readable program code and that is embodied in a computer readable medium.
  • computer readable program code includes any type of computer code, including source code, object code, and executable code.
  • computer readable medium includes any type of medium capable of being accessed by a computer, such as read only memory (ROM) , random access memory (RAM) , a hard disk drive, a compact disc (CD) , a digital video disc (DVD), or any other type of memory.
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • CD compact disc
  • DVD digital video disc
  • Couple and its derivatives refer to any direct or indirect communication between two or more elements, whether or not those elements are in physical contact with one another.
  • application' 7 and “program” refer to one or more computer programs, software components, sets of instructions, procedures, functions, objects, classes, instances, related data, or a portion thereof adapted for implementation in a suitable computer code (including source code, object code, or executable code).
  • transmit and “communicate,” as well as derivatives thereof, encompass both direct and indirect communication.
  • the term “or” is inclusive, meaning and/or.
  • controller means any device, system, or part thereof that controls at least one operation.
  • a controller may be implemented in hardware, firmware, software, or some combination of at least two of the same.
  • the functionality associated with any particular controller may be centralized or distributed, whether locally or remotely.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Programmable Controllers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des blocs de fonction de phase (212) qui sont associés à un processus afin de produire au moins un produit ou une partie de celui-ci. Par exemple, un bloc de fonction de phase (212) pourrait résider dans un module de commande de recette (204) définissant le processus. Chaque bloc de fonction de phase (212) peut être exécuté afin d'implémenter le processus. Un bloc de fonction de phase (212) peut acquérir et lancer l'exécution d'un module (206), ce qui permet de contrôler un élément du processus. Le bloc de fonction de phase (212) peut également fournir un ou plusieurs premiers paramètres au module (206). Les premiers paramètres définissent comment le module (206) implémente une partie du processus en utilisant l'élément du processus. En outre, le bloc de fonction de phase (212) peut extraire un ou plusieurs seconds paramètres à partir du module (206). Les seconds paramètres sont associés aux résultats de l'exécution du module (206). Des multiples blocs de fonction de phase (212) pourraient être contenus dans des multiples modules de commande de recette (204), lesquels sont distribués dans des multiples unités de commande (104a-104b) dans un système de commande de processus en temps réel à contraintes strictes.
PCT/US2007/015376 2006-07-06 2007-07-02 Appareil et procédé d'automatisation de processus configurable dans un système de commande de processus Ceased WO2008005446A1 (fr)

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US11/823,207 US8429654B2 (en) 2006-07-06 2007-06-27 Apparatus and method for guaranteed batch event delivery in a process control system

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GB2495434B (en) * 2008-09-29 2013-05-22 Fisher Rosemount Systems Inc Efficient design and configuration of elements in a process control system
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