WO2008081722A1 - 負荷装置の制御装置、および車両 - Google Patents
負荷装置の制御装置、および車両 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008081722A1 WO2008081722A1 PCT/JP2007/074476 JP2007074476W WO2008081722A1 WO 2008081722 A1 WO2008081722 A1 WO 2008081722A1 JP 2007074476 W JP2007074476 W JP 2007074476W WO 2008081722 A1 WO2008081722 A1 WO 2008081722A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- inverter
- upper limit
- voltage
- limit value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/12—Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/10—Vehicle control parameters
- B60L2240/36—Temperature of vehicle components or parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/52—Drive Train control parameters related to converters
- B60L2240/525—Temperature of converter or components thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control device for a load device and a vehicle, and more particularly, to a load device control device capable of protecting the inverter from overvoltage in a load device including an inverter, and a vehicle including the control device. .
- a hybrid vehicle is a vehicle that uses a motor driven by a DC power source via an inverter in addition to a conventional engine as a power source.
- a power source is obtained by driving the engine, a DC voltage from a DC power source is converted into an AC voltage by an inverter, and a motor is rotated by the converted AC voltage to obtain a power source.
- An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses a motor driven by a DC power supply via an inverter as a power source.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-15068 discloses a DC power supply circuit, an inverter that converts the output of the DC power supply circuit into an AC output of a predetermined frequency, and an overvoltage detection means that detects an overvoltage state of the DC power supply circuit.
- an inverter type power supply device comprising: stop means for stopping the operation of an inverter while an overvoltage state of a DC power supply circuit is detected. .
- MOSFETs gate bipolar transistors
- MO SFETs metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors
- the dielectric strength of I GBT and MOS FET varies with temperature (ambient temperature and junction temperature).
- the breakdown voltage of I GBT and MOS FET becomes lower as the temperature is lower, The higher the temperature, the higher.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-155086 does not specifically disclose the change in the breakdown voltage of the inverter element due to the temperature change of the inverter element. Therefore, in the above-described inverter type power supply device, it is considered that the DC voltage level is always the same when the overvoltage detection means detects the overvoltage state of the DC power supply circuit. With such overvoltage protection, when the inverter is at a low temperature, a voltage exceeding the breakdown voltage of the inverter element is applied to the inverter, and when the inverter is at a high temperature, the voltage is sufficiently low with respect to the breakdown voltage of the inverter element. It is conceivable that the inverter's operating efficiency decreases due to the inverter stopping even if is input.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a load device control device capable of extending the temperature range in which the inverter can be used while reliably protecting the inverter, and a vehicle equipped with the control device. That is.
- the present invention is a control device for a load device including an inverter having a switching element. Based on the voltage detection result of the temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of the inverter, the voltage detection unit that detects the applied voltage of the inverter, and the voltage detection unit, the control device has an applied voltage that is less than or equal to a preset upper limit value. In some cases, the inverter is operated, and when the applied voltage is higher than the upper limit value, the inverter is stopped. The control unit sets the upper limit value based on the temperature detection result of the temperature detection unit in consideration of the temperature dependency of the breakdown voltage of the switching element.
- the load device further includes a boosting circuit that boosts a DC voltage from a DC power source and applies the boosted DC voltage as an applied voltage to the inverter.
- the control unit controls the booster circuit so that the applied voltage is less than or equal to the upper limit value.
- the load device further includes a rotating electrical machine connected to the inverter.
- the control unit controls the inverter so that the load of the rotating electrical machine is limited when the temperature of the inverter is higher than a predetermined temperature.
- the control unit sets the upper limit value using the temperature estimation result of the inverter based on the operation state of the inverter. More preferably, when the temperature estimation result is included in a predetermined temperature range, the control unit sets the upper limit value using the temperature estimation result, while the temperature estimation result is determined as a predetermined temperature. If it is not included in the area, the upper limit is fixed.
- control unit is configured to set an upper limit value based on a temperature detection result by the temperature detection unit, a temperature detection result by the temperature detection unit, and a predetermined relationship between the temperature of the inverter and the upper limit value.
- a determination unit for determining whether or not the upper limit value set by the setting unit is correct.
- the setting unit fixes the upper limit value when the determination result of the determination unit indicates that the setting of the upper limit value is incorrect.
- the vehicle includes a load device including an inverter having a switching element, and a control device for the load device.
- the control device includes a temperature detector that detects the temperature of the inverter, a voltage detector that detects the applied voltage of the inverter, and an applied voltage that is less than a preset upper limit value based on the voltage detection result of the voltage detector.
- the inverter is operated, and when the applied voltage is higher than the upper limit value, the inverter is stopped.
- the control unit sets the upper limit value based on the temperature detection result of the temperature detection unit in consideration of the temperature dependency of the breakdown voltage of the switching element.
- the load device further includes a boosting circuit that boosts a DC voltage from a DC power source and applies the boosted DC voltage as an applied voltage to the inverter.
- the control unit controls the booster circuit so that the applied voltage is less than or equal to the upper limit value.
- the load device further includes a rotating electrical machine connected to the inverter.
- the control unit controls the inverter so that the load of the rotating electrical machine is limited when the temperature of the inverter is higher than a predetermined temperature.
- the control unit sets the upper limit value using the temperature estimation result of the inverter based on the operation state of the inverter.
- the control unit sets the upper limit value using the temperature estimation result, while the temperature estimation result is determined as a predetermined temperature. If it is not included in the area, the upper limit is fixed.
- control unit determines the upper limit value based on the temperature detection result by the temperature detection unit.
- the setting unit fixes the upper limit value when the judgment result of the judgment unit indicates that the setting of the upper limit value is not correct.
- the inverter since the upper limit of the voltage applied to the inverter is set according to the temperature change of the breakdown voltage of the switching elements constituting the inverter, the inverter can be used while ensuring the protection of the inverter.
- the temperature range can be expanded further.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle equipped with a control device for a load device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing in detail the periphery of the inverter and booster unit for the vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 ′.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a function block of the control device 30 shown in FIG. 1 and related peripheral devices.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the control system of voltage conversion unit 2 included in hybrid control unit 62 in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the change of the withstand voltage of the IGBT elements included in the inverters 14 and 14 A with temperature.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the temperature value TW and the upper limit value V LM and the relationship between the upper limit value V LM and the voltage V H.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining the control of upper limit value V L M and voltage V H shown in FIG.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart for illustrating a control process performed by control device 30 of the load device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram showing in detail the periphery of an inverter and a booster unit for a vehicle equipped with the control device for a load device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the control system of voltage conversion unit 2 in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining setting of upper limit value VLM and control of voltage VH in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the determination unit 76 in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a process for confirming the setting of the upper limit value VLM by the temperature determination unit 76A.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining the confirmation process of setting of upper limit value VLM performed by temperature determination unit 76A.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining the determination process of the reliability of the temperature value TW by the temperature determination unit 76A.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the actual temperature of the inverter and the estimated temperature.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the temperature value TA and the reliability of the temperature value TA.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a vehicle equipped with a control device for a load device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- vehicle 1 is a hybrid vehicle.
- the vehicle 1 includes front wheels 20R, 20L, rear wheels 22R, 22L, an engine 200, a planetary gear PG, a differential gear DG, and gears 4, 6.
- Vehicle 1 further includes a battery B and a voltage converter 2.
- Voltage converter 2 includes booster unit 20 that boosts the DC voltage output from battery B, inverters 14 and 14 A that transfer DC power to and from booster unit 20, cooling device 40, and temperature sensor 45. Including.
- Vehicle 1 further includes a motor generator MG 1 that generates power by receiving the power of engine 200 via planetary gear PG, and a motor generator MG 2 that has a rotating shaft connected to planetary gear PG.
- Inverters 14 and 14 A are connected to motor generators MG 1 and MG 2 to connect AC power and DC power from the booster circuit. Perform the conversion.
- Planetary gear PG includes a sun gear, a ring gear, a pinion gear that fits both the sun gear and the ring gear, and a planetary carrier that rotatably supports the pinion gear around the sun gear.
- Planetary gear PG has first to third rotation shafts.
- the first rotating shaft is a rotating shaft of a planetary carrier connected to the engine 200.
- the second rotating shaft is the rotating shaft of the sun gear connected to motor generator MG1.
- the third rotating shaft is a rotating shaft of a ring gear connected to motor generator MG2.
- a gear 4 is attached to the third rotating shaft, and the gear 4 drives the gear 6 to transmit power to the differential gear DG.
- the differential gear DG transmits the power received from the gear 6 to the front wheels 20 R and 20 L, and the rotation force of the front wheels 20 R and 20 L via the gears 6 and 4 is transmitted to the third gear of the planetary gear PG. Transmit to the rotating shaft.
- Planetary gear PG serves to divide the power between engine 200 and motor generators MG1 and MG2. That is, if the rotation of two of the three rotation shafts of the planetary gear PG is determined, the rotation of the remaining one rotation shaft is naturally determined. Therefore, the engine speed is controlled by driving the motor generator MG 2 by controlling the power generation amount of the motor generator MG 1 while operating the engine 200 in the most efficient region, and the energy efficiency as a whole. Realizing a good car.
- Battery B which is a DC power source, is composed of, for example, a secondary battery such as nickel hydrogen or lithium ion, and supplies DC power to booster unit 20 and is charged by DC power from booster unit 20.
- Booster unit 20 boosts the DC voltage (voltage VB) received from battery B, and supplies the boosted DC voltage (voltage VH) to inverters 14 and 14A.
- Inverters 14 and 14 A convert the supplied DC voltage into an AC voltage, and drive and control motor generator MG 1 when the engine is started. After the engine is started, AC power generated by motor generator MG 1 is converted to direct current by inverters 14 and 14 A and converted to a voltage suitable for charging battery B by booster unit 20. Battery B is charged.
- Inverters 14 and 14A drive motor generator MG2.
- Motor generator MG 2 assists engine 200 to drive front wheels 20 R and 20 L.
- the motor generator MG 2 performs regenerative operation and converts the wheel rotation energy into electric energy.
- the obtained electric energy is returned to battery B via inverters 14 and 14A and booster unit 20.
- Battery B is an assembled battery, and includes a plurality of battery units B 0 to B n connected in series.
- System main relays SR 1 and SR 2 are provided between booster unit 20 and battery B, and the high voltage is cut off when the vehicle is not in operation.
- the vehicle 1 further includes a control device 30, an accelerator position sensor 42, and a vehicle speed sensor 44.
- the control device 30 controls the engine 200, the inverters 14 and 14A, and the booster unit 20 according to the driver's instructions and the outputs from various sensors (including the accelerator position sensor 42 and the vehicle speed sensor 44) attached to the vehicle.
- the cooling device 40 cools the voltage converter 2 by exchanging heat between the coolant and the voltage converter 2 by circulating the coolant.
- the cooling device 40 is an electric water pump.
- the temperature sensor 45 detects the temperature of the cooling medium and outputs a temperature value TW as a temperature detection result to the control device 30. Temperature value TW is information about the temperature of the inverter.
- the temperature sensor 45 may be provided around the inverters 14 and 14A to detect the ambient temperature of the inverters 14 and 14A.
- the control device 30 sets an upper limit value of the voltage VH based on the temperature value TW, and controls the boost unit 20 so that the voltage VH does not exceed the upper limit value. When the voltage VH exceeds the upper limit, the control device 30 stops the inverters 14 and 14A.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing in detail the periphery of the inverter and booster unit for vehicle 1 shown in FIG.
- vehicle 1 includes battery B, voltage sensor 10, current sensor 11 1, system main relays SR1, SR2, capacitor C1, boost unit 20, inverter 14, 14 A, current sensor 24 U, 24 V, motor generator MG 1, MG2, engine 200, temperature sensor 45, control device 30.
- the cooling device 40 of FIG. 1 is not shown in FIG. 2 in order to prevent the figure from becoming complicated.
- Voltage sensor 10 detects the DC voltage value output from battery B and outputs the detection result (voltage VB) to control device 30.
- Current sensor 11 detects a direct current flowing between battery B and booster unit 20 and outputs the detected current to controller 30 as a direct current value IB.
- System main relays S R 1 and SR 2 are turned on and off by a signal S E from control device 30.
- Capacitor C 1 smoothes the voltage across battery B when system main relays SR 1 and SR 2 are on.
- Booster unit 20 includes a voltage sensor 21, a reactor 1, a converter 1 2, and a capacitor C 2.
- Reactor L 1 has one end connected to the positive electrode of battery B via system main relay -SR 1.
- the converter 12 includes an I GBT element Q 1 and Q 2 connected in series between the output terminals of the converter 12 that outputs the voltage VH, and a diode D 1 connected in parallel to each of the 108 elements ⁇ 31 and Q 2 , D 2 and so on.
- reactor 1 The other end of reactor 1 is connected to the emitter of I GBT element Q 1 and the collector of I GB T element Q 2.
- the power sword of diode D 1 is connected to the collector of I 08 element ⁇ 31, and the anode of diode D 1 is connected to the emitter of I 08 element ⁇ 31.
- the power sword of diode D 2 is connected to the collector of I GBT element Q 2, and the anode of diode D 2 is connected to the emitter of I GB T element Q 2.
- the voltage sensor 21 detects the voltage on the input side of the converter 12 as a voltage value VL.
- Current sensor 11 detects the current flowing through reactor 1 as current value IB.
- Capacitor C 2 is connected to the output side of converter 12 and accumulates energy sent from converter 12 and smoothes the voltage.
- the voltage sensor 13 detects the voltage on the output side of the converter 12, that is, the voltage between the electrodes of the capacitor C2, as the voltage value VH.
- the engine 200 and the motor generator MG 1 exchange mechanical power.
- the motor generator MG 1 starts the engine.
- the motor generator MG 1 uses the engine power. It works as a generator that receives electricity and generates electricity.
- Motor generator MG 1 is driven by inverter 14.
- Inverter 14 receives boosted potential from converter 12 to drive motor generator MG1. Inverter 14 returns the electric power generated in motor generator MG 1 due to regenerative braking to converter 12. At this time, the converter 12 is controlled by the control device 30 so as to operate as a step-down circuit.
- Inverter 14 includes a U-phase arm 15, a V-phase arm 16, and a W-phase arm 17.
- U-phase arm 15, V-phase arm 16, and W-phase arm 17 are connected in parallel between the output lines of converter 12.
- U-phase arm 15 includes I GBT elements Q3 and Q4 connected in series, and diodes D 3 and D4 connected in parallel with I GBT elements Q3 and Q 4, respectively.
- the power sword of diode D 3 is connected to the collector of I GBT element Q 3, and the anode of diode D 3 is connected to the emitter of I GBT element Q 3.
- the cathode of diode D4 is connected to the collector of I GBT element Q4, and the anode of diode D4 is connected to the emitter of IGBT element Q4.
- V-phase arm 16 includes I GBT elements Q 5 and Q 6 connected in series, and diodes D 5 and D 6 connected in parallel with I GBT elements Q 5 and Q 6, respectively.
- the power sword of diode D5 is connected to the collector of I GBT element Q5, and the anode of diode D5 is connected to the emitter of IGBT element Q5.
- the cathode of diode D6 is connected to the collector of I GBT element Q6, and the anode of diode D6 is connected to the emitter of I GBT element Q6.
- W-phase arm 17 includes I GBT elements Q 7 and Q 8 connected in series, and diodes D 7 and D 8 connected in parallel with I GBT elements Q 7 and Q 8, respectively.
- Diode D 7's force sword is connected to the collector of I GBT element Q 7
- diode D 7 has its anode connected to the emitter of I GBT element Q 7.
- the power source of diode D 8 is connected to the collector of I GBT element Q 8, and the anode of diode D 8 is connected to the emitter of I GBT element Q 8.
- each phase arm is connected to each phase end of each phase coil of motor generator MG1. That is, the motor generator MG 1 is a three-phase permanent magnet motor Each of the three coils of U, V, and W phases has one end connected to the midpoint.
- the other end of the U-phase coil is connected to the connection node of I GBT elements Q 3 and Q 4.
- the other end of the V-phase coil is connected to the connection node of I GBT elements Q5 and Q6.
- the other end of the W-phase coil is connected to the connection node of IGBT elements Q7 and Q8.
- the current sensors 24U and 24V detect the current values IU 1 and IV 1 flowing in the U and V phase stator coils of the motor generator MG 1 as motor current values MCRT 1 and control the motor current values MCRT 1 as control devices. Output to 30.
- the rotational speed N g of the motor generator MG 1 is detected by the rotational speed sensor 27.
- Inverter 14 A receives the boosted potential from converter 12 and drives motor generator MG2. Further, inverter 14A returns the electric power generated in motor generator MG 2 due to regenerative braking to converter 12. At this time, the converter 12 is controlled by the control device 30 so as to operate as a step-down circuit. The rotation speed Nm of the motor generator MG 2 is detected by the rotation speed sensor 7.
- Inverter 14 A includes a U-phase arm 15 A, a V-phase arm 16 A, and a W-phase arm 17 A.
- U-phase arm 15 A, V-phase arm 16 A, and W-phase arm 17 A are connected in parallel between the output lines of converter 12.
- U-phase arm 15A, V-phase arm 16A, and W-phase arm 1 7 A have the same configuration as U-phase arm 15, V-phase arm 16, and W-phase arm 17 respectively, so the description will be repeated. Absent.
- the midpoint of the U, V, and W phase arms of inverter 14A is connected to one end of each of the U, V, and W phase coils of motor generator MG2.
- the motor generator MG 2 is a three-phase permanent magnet motor, and the other ends of the three coils of U, V, and W phases are connected together at the midpoint.
- Current sensors 28U and 28 V detect the current values I U2 and IV 2 flowing in the U and V phase stator coils of motor generator MG 2 as motor current values MCRT 2 and control motor current values MCRT 2 to the controller 30. Output to.
- the control device 30 receives the output signal Acc of the accelerator position sensor 42 and the vehicle speed V detected by the vehicle speed sensor 44.
- the control device 30 further has a motor speed In addition to Ng, voltage values VB, VL, VH, current value IB, and motor current value MCRT 1, it also receives motor speed Nm and motor current value MCRT 2 corresponding to motor generator MG2.
- control device 30 outputs boost instruction PWU, step-down instruction PWD, and stop instruction STP to boost unit 20.
- the control device 30 generates power for the inverter 14 by the motor generator MG 1 and the drive instruction PWMI 1 that converts the direct current voltage, which is the output of the converter 12, into an AC voltage for driving the motor generator MG 1.
- the regenerative instruction PWMC 1 that converts the AC voltage converted to DC voltage and returns it to the converter 1 2 side is output.
- control device 30 has a drive instruction PWM I 2 for converting the DC voltage output from converter 12 into an AC voltage for driving motor generator MG 2, and motor generator MG.
- Outputs the regeneration instruction PWMC 2 that converts the AC voltage generated in step 2 into a DC voltage and returns it to the converter 12 side.
- the inverter 14 A is connected in parallel with the inverter 14 between the node N 1 and the node N 2, and both are connected to the booster unit 20.
- the control device 30 receives the temperature value TW from the temperature sensor 45, sets the upper limit value of the voltage VH, and controls the boost unit 20 so that the voltage VH does not exceed the upper limit value. For example, immediately after the start of operation of inverters 14 and 14A, the temperature of the IGBT element is low, so the withstand voltage of the IGBT element is low. In this case, the control device 30 sets the upper limit value to a lower value. On the other hand, when inverters 14 and 14A operate and their temperatures rise, control device 30 sets the upper limit value of voltage VH higher.
- Converter 12 operates as a booster circuit by turning on and off I GBT element Q 2 while I GBT element Q 1 is turned off.
- I GBT element Q 2 when the I GBT element Q 2 is on, a path is formed in which a current flows from the positive electrode of the battery B to the negative electrode of the battery B via the reactor L 1 and the I GBT element Q 2. While this current is flowing, energy is stored in the reaction nozzle L1.
- the I GBT element Q 2 When the I GBT element Q 2 is turned off, the energy stored in the reactor L 1 flows to the inverter 14 side through the diode D 1. As a result The voltage between the electrodes of Pacita C2 increases. Therefore, the output voltage of converter 12 applied to inverter 14 is boosted.
- the voltage VH can be set to a desired magnitude by appropriately determining the ON period and the OFF period of the IGBT element Q2. .
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing functional blocks of the control device 30 shown in FIG. 1 and related peripheral devices.
- This control device 30 can be realized by software or hardware.
- control device 30 includes a hybrid control unit 62, a battery control unit 66, and an engine control unit 68.
- the battery controller 66 transmits the charge state S OC of the battery B to the hybrid controller 62 * by accumulating the charge / discharge current of the battery B.
- the engine control unit 68 performs throttle control of the engine 20 0, detects the engine speed Ne of the engine 20 0, and transmits it to the hybrid control unit 62.
- the hybrid control unit 62 calculates an output (required power) required by the driver based on the output signal A cc of the accelerator position sensor 42 and the vehicle speed V detected by the vehicle speed sensor 44. In addition to the driver's required power, the hybrid controller 62 calculates the required driving power (total power) in consideration of the charge state SOC of the battery B, and calculates the rotational speed required for the engine and the power required for the engine. And calculate further.
- Haipuriddo controller 6 2 transmits the required power and the required rotational speed to the engine control unit 6 8, t hybrid control unit 6 2 to perform the throttle control of the engine 2 0 0 to the engine control unit 6 8 running state
- the driver required torque is calculated according to the above, and the inverter 14 A is driven by the motor generator MG 2 and, if necessary, the motor generator MG 1 is caused to generate power.
- hybrid control unit 62 controls inverters 14 and 14 A according to temperature value TW from temperature sensor 45.
- the driving force of engine 200 is distributed between the portion that directly drives the wheels and the portion that drives motor generator MG1.
- Motor generator MG 2 driving force and engine The total of this and the direct drive amount is the driving force of the vehicle.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the control system of voltage conversion unit 2 included in hybrid control unit 62 of FIG.
- voltage control unit 70 includes an upper limit setting unit 72, a converter control unit 73, an MG1 inverter control unit 74, and an MG2 inverter control unit 75.
- the upper limit setting unit 72 sets the upper limit value VLM of the voltage VH (see Fig. 2) according to the temperature value TW.
- Converter control unit 73 receives upper limit value VLM and voltage VH, and outputs step-up instruction P WU and step-down instruction P WD to control voltage VH so that voltage V H does not exceed upper limit value V L M.
- Converter control unit 73 outputs stop instruction STP.
- the inverter control unit 74 for MG 1 receives the torque command value TR 1 and the rotational speed N g of the motor generator MG 1 and outputs a drive instruction PWMI 1 or a regeneration instruction PWM C 1.
- MG 2 inverter control unit 75 outputs drive instruction PWMI 2 or regeneration instruction PWMC 2 in response to torque command value TR 2 and motor generator MG 2 rotational speed Nm.
- Torque command values TR 1 and TR 2 are generated inside the control device 30 of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the change of the withstand voltage of the IGBT element included in inverters 14 and 14 with temperature.
- the withstand voltage of the I GBT element is higher as the temperature of the I GBT element is higher, and lower as the temperature is lower.
- the change of the withstand voltage shown in FIG. 5 depending on the temperature is stored in the upper limit setting unit 72 as an equation or a map.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the temperature value TW and the upper limit value VLM and the relationship between the upper limit value VLM and the voltage VH.
- upper limit value V LM is voltage value VC.
- the voltage VH becomes a voltage value V ⁇ ⁇ lower than the voltage value VC.
- upper limit value VLM is voltage value VD.
- the voltage value VD is higher than the voltage value VC.
- the voltage VH is a voltage value VB lower than the voltage value VD. Since V D> VC, the voltage value VB can also be higher than the voltage value VA.
- the upper limit value VLM changes in two steps with respect to the temperature value TW, but the upper limit value VLM may change in more than two steps.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining control of upper limit value VLM and voltage VH shown in FIG.
- upper limit setting unit 72 determines whether or not temperature value TW is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature value T (see FIG. 6) (step S1). When temperature value TW is equal to or lower than predetermined temperature value T (YES in step S1), upper limit setting unit 72 sets upper limit value VLM to voltage value VC (step S2). On the other hand, when temperature value TW is higher than predetermined temperature value T (NO in step S1), upper limit setting unit 72 sets upper limit value VLM to voltage value VD (step S3). When upper limit value VLM is determined in step S2 or step S3, converter control unit 73 controls converter 12 based on upper limit value VLM so that voltage VH is less than upper limit value VLM. The voltage VH is controlled so that (Step S4). When the process of step S4 ends, the entire process ends.
- the load device control device includes a temperature sensor 45 that detects the temperature of the inverters 14 and 14 A, and a voltage sensor 13 that detects the applied voltage (voltage VH) of the inverters 14 and 14 A.
- the inverters 14 and 14A are operated when the applied voltage is lower than the preset upper limit value VLM, and the inverters 14 and 14A are operated when the applied voltage is higher than the upper limit value VLM.
- a control device 30 for stopping A is provided to the load device control device.
- the control device 30 sets the upper limit value VLM based on the change in the withstand voltage of the IGBT element depending on the temperature and the temperature detection result (temperature value TW) of the temperature sensor 45.
- the load device further includes a boost unit 20 that boosts a DC voltage from battery B and applies an applied voltage to inverters 14 and 14A.
- the control device 30 controls the boost unit 20 so that the value of the applied voltage is not more than the upper limit value VLM.
- the control device 30 sets the upper limit value VLM of the voltage VH, so that the inverter can be prevented from being damaged at the low temperature of the inverters 14 and 14A.
- the inverter can be turned on even though a sufficiently low voltage is input to the withstand voltage of the IGBT element. Makes it difficult to stop (perform overvoltage protection). This makes it possible to expand the temperature range in which the inverter can operate.
- control device 30 limits the loads on motor generators MG 1 and MG 2 when the temperature of the inverter increases.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart for explaining a control process performed by the control device 30 of the load device according to the second embodiment.
- steps S1 to S4 shown in FIG. 8 are the same as the processes of the corresponding steps in the flowchart of FIG.
- the process of step S 4 A is executed after the process of step S 3. This is different from the flowchart shown in Figure 7.
- step S 4 A control device 30 limits the torque of motor generators MG 1 and MG 2 so that torque command values T R 1 and T R 2 do not exceed a certain value.
- MG 1 inverter controller 7 4 changes drive instruction P WM I 1 (or regenerative instruction P WM C 1) according to torque command value TR 1 to inverter 14. Change the value of the flowing current or change the power factor of motor generator MG1.
- the MG 2 inverter control section 75 performs the same control as the MG 1 inverter control section 74.
- the control device limits the torque (load) of motor generators MG 1 and MG 2 when the temperature of the inverter is high.
- the upper limit value V LM is set high, so the voltage VH also increases. If the motor generators MG 1 and MG 2 are not restricted in operation, when the inverters 14 and 14 A operate, the amount of heat generated in the inverters 14 and 14 A increases and the inverter temperature further increases. Can happen.
- the operation of motor generators MG 1 and MG 2 is limited when the inverter temperature is high, a significant temperature rise of inverters 14 and 14 A can be suppressed. .
- the temperature of the inverter is estimated and the upper limit value V LM is set based on the estimation result. In this way, the inverter can continue to operate even if an abnormality occurs in the temperature sensor.
- the overall configuration of a vehicle on which the control device for a load device according to Embodiment 3 is mounted is the same as the configuration of vehicle 1 shown in FIG.
- the vehicle 1 differs from the first and second embodiments in that the vehicle 1 further includes a warning lamp 80 that lights in response to the signal EMG from the control device 30. .
- Voltage control unit 70 A shown in FIG. 10 differs from voltage control unit 70 shown in FIG. 4 in that it further includes determination unit 76 and temperature estimation unit 77. Other parts of the voltage control unit 70 A are the same as the corresponding parts of the voltage control unit 70.
- Judgment unit 7 6 receives temperature value TW and upper limit value V LM, determines whether upper limit value V LM set by upper limit value setting unit 72 is correct, and determines determination result R 1 as upper limit setting unit 7 Output to 2. If the upper limit value V LM is not set correctly, the judgment unit 76 outputs a signal EMG.
- the determination unit 76 determines whether or not the temperature value TW is reliable based on the temperature estimation result of the inverter by the temperature estimation unit 77 7, and outputs the determination result R 1 to the upper limit setting unit 7 2.
- the temperature estimator 7 7 receives the drive instructions P WM II and P WM I 2 and the regeneration instructions P WMC 1 and P WMC 2 as information on the operation status of the inverter. Based on the above, the ambient temperature of the chamber is estimated. The temperature estimation unit 77 outputs the temperature value TA indicating the estimation result to the determination unit 76.
- the method for estimating the temperature of the inverter is not limited to the above method. For example, when the mode generator is provided with a temperature sensor, the temperature estimation unit 77 estimates the inverter temperature from the output of the sensor. Also good.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining setting of upper limit value V LM and control of voltage VH in the third embodiment. Referring to FIGS.
- determination unit 76 obtains temperature value TW and upper limit value V LM and determines whether or not upper limit value VLM is set normally (step SI 1). If the upper limit value VL1V [is abnormal (NO in step S11), judgment unit 76 outputs signal EMG and lights warning lamp 80 (see Fig. 9) (step S12). . When the process of step S12 ends, the determination unit 76 outputs a determination result R1 indicating that an abnormality has occurred to the upper limit setting unit 72, and the entire process proceeds to step S14.
- determination unit 76 determines whether or not the reliability of at least one of temperature values TW and TA is based on temperature values TW and TA. Determine (Step S1 3). If the temperature values TW and TA are not reliable (NO in step S13), the determination unit 76 outputs a determination result R1 indicating that an abnormality has occurred to the upper limit setting unit 72. The process proceeds to step S14.
- step S14 the upper limit value setting unit 72 fixes the upper limit value VLM to the voltage value VC (see FIG. 6) according to the determination result R1.
- the direct voltage VC is the lowest value in the setting range of the upper limit value VLM.
- the converter control unit 73 receives the upper limit value VLM from the upper limit value setting unit 72, and controls the voltage VH so that the value of the voltage VH is equal to or lower than the upper limit value VLM (step S16).
- step S 13 If it is determined in step S 13 that the temperature value TW or temperature value TA is reliable (YES in step S 13), the voltage control unit 7 OA will perform steps S 1 to S in the flow chart shown in FIG. Step 4 is executed (step S15). However, in step S 15, the processes of steps S 1 to S 4 A of the flowchart shown in FIG. 8 may be executed.
- step S16 voltage VH is controlled based on temperature value TW or temperature value TA such that voltage VH is equal to or lower than upper limit value VLM.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a configuration example of the determination unit 76 in FIG.
- determination unit 76 includes a temperature determination unit 76A and a counter 76B.
- temperature judgment unit 76 A receives temperature value TW and upper limit value VLM, it will counter counter 76 B. To increase the count value CNT, or to output the instruction C LR to set the count value to 0.
- Temperature determination unit 76 A receives count value CNT from counter 76B.
- the temperature determination unit 76 A determines whether or not the upper limit value VLM is set correctly based on the input temperature value TW and upper limit value VLM, and the determination result R 1 Is output. Temperature judgment unit 76 A outputs signal EMG if upper limit value VLM is not set correctly.
- the temperature determination unit 76 A further determines the reliability of the temperature value T W based on the temperature value T A (estimated value) and the temperature value TW.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the confirmation process of the upper limit value V LM setting by the temperature determination unit 76A.
- temperature determination unit 76 A determines which temperature region A 1 or A 2 includes temperature value TW. The temperature determination unit 76 A determines whether or not the upper limit value V LM corresponding to the determined temperature range matches the actually set upper limit value, and whether or not the upper limit value is set correctly. Determine whether.
- the temperature value TW When the temperature value TW is lower than ( ⁇ — ⁇ ), the temperature value TW is included in the area A1. When the temperature value TW is higher than ( ⁇ + ⁇ ), the temperature value TW is included in the area A2. 'T is a predetermined temperature value, and ⁇ is a value determined based on the measurement error of the temperature sensor 45. Considering that the temperature value TW includes an error, if the temperature value TW is in the range (T), it is not judged whether the upper limit value VLM is set correctly.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart for explaining the confirmation process of the setting of the upper limit value V LM performed by the temperature determination unit 76 A.
- temperature determination unit 76 A determines whether or not temperature value TW is equal to or greater than (T + TT), that is, whether or not temperature value TW is included in area A 2. (Step S21). If temperature value TW is greater than or equal to ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) (YES in step S21), temperature determination unit 76A sends an instruction UP to counter 76B, and counter 76B increments count value CNT by +1 (step S 23). If temperature value TW is smaller than ( ⁇ + ⁇ ) (NO in step S21), temperature determination unit 76 A determines whether temperature TW is less than ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ ), that is, temperature value TW is in the region It is determined whether it is included in A 1 (step S 22).
- temperature determination unit 76A increments count value CNT by +1 (step S23). If temperature value TW is higher than ( ⁇ - ⁇ ) (NO in step S22), temperature determination unit 76 A sends a CLR instruction to counter 76 B, and counter 76 B counts
- the temperature determination unit 76A determines whether or not the count value C NT is equal to or greater than a predetermined value C NT A (step S25). If count value CNT is equal to or greater than predetermined value CNTA (YES in step S25), temperature determination unit 76A determines an area including temperature value TW (step S26). If count value CNT is smaller than predetermined value CNTA (NO in step S25), the entire process returns to step S21.
- the count value CNT becomes equal to or greater than the predetermined value CNTA.
- the count value CNT returns to 0 or becomes smaller than the predetermined value CNTA, so that the processing of steps S21 to S25 is repeated.
- step S26 the region including the temperature value TW is determined.
- the temperature judgment unit 7 6 A compares the upper limit value VLM (voltage value VC or voltage value VD) corresponding to that area with the upper limit value VLM output by the upper limit value setting unit 72. (Step S27). If these two values match, that is, if the upper limit value VLM is correct (YES in step S27), temperature determination unit 7 6 A determines that the setting of upper limit value VLM is normal (step S28). ) If the above two values do not match, that is, if upper limit VLM is not correct (NO in step S27), temperature determination unit 76A determines that the upper limit VLM setting is abnormal (step S27). S 29). When the process of step S28 or step S29 is completed, the entire process is completed.
- VLM voltage value VC or voltage value VD
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining the determination process of the reliability of the temperature value TW by the temperature determination unit 76A.
- temperature determination unit 76 A determines whether or not the temperature sensor is abnormal (step S 3 1). If the temperature sensor is normal (NO in step S 3 1), the temperature determination unit 76 A determines that the temperature value TW is reliable.
- temperature determination unit 76A determines that the temperature sensor is abnormal. In such a case (YES in step S31), temperature determination unit 76A determines whether or not temperature value TW can be estimated (step S32).
- the temperature estimation unit 77 determines that the temperature value TW can be estimated based on the drive instructions PWMI 1, PWMI 2, and the like. If the temperature sensor is abnormal (YES in step S31) and the temperature value TW can be estimated (YES in step S32), the temperature estimation unit 77 calculates the temperature value TA (estimated temperature) (step S33). ) If the temperature value TW cannot be estimated (NO in step S32), there is no standard for determining the reliability of the temperature value TW, so the temperature determination unit 76A determines that the temperature value TW is not reliable (step S). 38). Next, the temperature determination unit 76A determines whether or not the temperature value TA is equal to or lower than the temperature value T1 shown in FIG. 16 (step S34).
- the straight line k l is a straight line when the actual temperature of the inverter is equal to the estimated temperature (temperature value TA).
- the width W1 indicates the range in which a predetermined estimation accuracy is secured for a certain actual temperature.
- the straight line k2 is a straight line indicating the lower limit of this range
- the straight line k3 is a straight line indicating the upper limit of this range. That is, the temperature value T 1 is a lower limit value of the temperature range (width W1) in which a predetermined estimation accuracy is ensured with respect to the actual temperature T 1 A.
- the temperature value T 2 is the upper limit value of the temperature range (width W 1) in which a predetermined estimation accuracy is ensured with respect to the actual temperature T 2 A.
- the range of temperature values T1 to T2 indicates the range in which the inverter temperature can be estimated.
- step S34 if temperature value ⁇ Y is lower than temperature value ⁇ 1 (YE S. in step S34), the temperature value TA cannot be ensured, so the temperature value There is no standard for judging the reliability of TW. For this reason, the temperature determination unit 7A determines that neither the temperature value TW nor TA is reliable (step S38). If temperature value TA is equal to or higher than temperature value T1 (NO in step S34), it is determined whether temperature value TA is equal to or lower than T2 (step S35).
- step S35 If temperature value TA is greater than T2 (NO in step S35), as in the case where temperature value TA is lower than temperature value T1, there is no standard for determining the reliability of temperature value TW. 76 A is judged to be unreliable for deviations and deviations in temperature values TW and TA (step S38). If temperature value T A is equal to or lower than temperature value T 2 (YES in step S 35), temperature determination unit 76 A determines whether or not temperature value T A has increased (step S 36).
- the reliability of the temperature value T A in the temperature determination unit 76 A changes from “none” to “present”.
- the reliability of the temperature value TA changes from “Yes” to “No”.
- the reliability of the temperature value T A is “None”
- the value of the upper limit value VLM is fixed to the voltage value VC. If the reliability of the temperature value T A is “Yes” and the temperature value TW is high, the value of the upper limit value V LM is set to the voltage value VD.
- the reliability of the temperature value TA By switching the determination of the reliability of the temperature value TA in this way, when the temperature value TA is between the temperature value T1 and the temperature value T2, the reliability is improved even if the temperature value TA is not stable. Since it is determined as either “No” or “Yes”, the operation of the inverter can be stabilized.
- step S 36 when temperature value TA has increased in step S 36 (YES in step S 36), temperature value TA has increased and is equal to or lower than temperature value T 2.
- the determination unit 76A determines that the temperature value TA is not reliable (step S38).
- step S36 when the temperature value TA is decreasing in step S36 (NO in step S36), the temperature value TA is decreasing and is a value between the temperature value T1 and the temperature value T2. In this case, the temperature determination unit 76A determines that the temperature value T A is reliable (step S37).
- steps S'37, S38, and S39 is completed, the entire process ends.
- the detection result (temperature value TW) of the temperature sensor is different. If it is normal, the control device 30 estimates the inverter temperature based on the operation state of the inverter, and sets the upper limit value VLM using the estimation result. As a result, even when the temperature sensor is abnormal, the operation of the inverter can be continued within the operating temperature range of the inverter.
- the control device 30 sets the upper limit value V LM using the estimation result, and the estimation result If it is not included in the predetermined temperature range, the upper limit value V LM is fixed. This prevents a voltage exceeding the breakdown voltage of the inverter element from being applied to the inverter.
- control device 30 has an upper limit value setting unit 72 that determines the upper limit value V LM based on the temperature value TW, and an upper limit value based on the relationship between the temperature value TW and the upper limit value VLM shown in FIG.
- the upper limit value setting unit 7 2 fixes the upper limit value V LM when the determination result R 1 of the determination unit 76 indicates that the setting of the upper limit value V LM is not correct. Since the upper limit value V LM at this time is set to the lowest value within the setting range, it is possible to prevent a voltage exceeding the breakdown voltage of the inverter element from being applied to the inverter.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US12/312,290 US7952236B2 (en) | 2007-01-04 | 2007-12-13 | Control apparatus for load device, and vehicle |
| CN2007800491656A CN101578759B (zh) | 2007-01-04 | 2007-12-13 | 负载装置的控制装置以及车辆 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2007000110A JP4678374B2 (ja) | 2007-01-04 | 2007-01-04 | 負荷装置の制御装置、および車両 |
| JP2007-000110 | 2007-01-04 |
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| WO2008081722A1 true WO2008081722A1 (ja) | 2008-07-10 |
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| PCT/JP2007/074476 Ceased WO2008081722A1 (ja) | 2007-01-04 | 2007-12-13 | 負荷装置の制御装置、および車両 |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US7952236B2 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4678374B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101578759B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2008081722A1 (ja) |
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- 2007-12-13 WO PCT/JP2007/074476 patent/WO2008081722A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2007-12-13 CN CN2007800491656A patent/CN101578759B/zh active Active
- 2007-12-13 US US12/312,290 patent/US7952236B2/en active Active
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101714769A (zh) * | 2008-09-29 | 2010-05-26 | 三洋电机株式会社 | 电源装置及电动车辆 |
| US8212398B2 (en) * | 2008-09-29 | 2012-07-03 | Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. | Power supply device and electric vehicle incorporating said device |
| CN102470812A (zh) * | 2009-07-24 | 2012-05-23 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 车辆用电源系统 |
| CN102470812B (zh) * | 2009-07-24 | 2014-07-23 | 三菱电机株式会社 | 车辆用电源系统 |
| US11264901B2 (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2022-03-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Electric-power conversion system controller |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101578759A (zh) | 2009-11-11 |
| JP4678374B2 (ja) | 2011-04-27 |
| JP2008167616A (ja) | 2008-07-17 |
| US20100045103A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
| CN101578759B (zh) | 2012-07-18 |
| US7952236B2 (en) | 2011-05-31 |
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