WO2008050034A1 - Method for identifying a motor vehicle fuel and motor vehicle implementing this method - Google Patents
Method for identifying a motor vehicle fuel and motor vehicle implementing this method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008050034A1 WO2008050034A1 PCT/FR2007/052155 FR2007052155W WO2008050034A1 WO 2008050034 A1 WO2008050034 A1 WO 2008050034A1 FR 2007052155 W FR2007052155 W FR 2007052155W WO 2008050034 A1 WO2008050034 A1 WO 2008050034A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/26—Oils; Viscous liquids; Paints; Inks
- G01N33/28—Oils, i.e. hydrocarbon liquids
- G01N33/2888—Lubricating oil characteristics, e.g. deterioration
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- the present invention relates to a method for identifying a fuel.
- the invention allows in particular to involve the type of fuel in a maintenance interval prediction program calculating the number of kilometers after which a motor oil change should be performed.
- the invention finds a particularly advantageous application with diesel type vehicles.
- regenerations or purge phases
- These regenerations are often characterized by the use of post-injection, that is to say, a late injection which is performed during the relaxation, after the main combustion. This late injection makes it possible to maintain the hot exhaust gases and / or a sufficient mixture richness.
- post-injection is required to heat the exhaust gases to a temperature level sufficient to achieve the combustion of carbon soot retained on the filter.
- the purge phases of the nitrogen oxides contained in the NOx traps it is a question of carrying out a late injection in order to cause a quasi-total consumption of the oxygen of the exhaust gases making it possible to bring the wealth of the exhaust gas passing through the catalyst beyond 1.
- the post-injection levels must both make it possible to mount the exhaust gases at high temperatures (above 65O 0 C) and at a richness of air mixture.
- the oil dilution rate measured after 20000kms on "serial" applications is generally between 4 and 6%.
- a vehicle engine comprising a particulate filter and a nitrogen oxide trap is even more strongly subject to the phenomenon of dilution of the lubricating oil, because of the high frequency of NOx purges that must be put in place. to maintain the catalyst efficiency (on average one purge every 1 to 3 minutes) and the need to add sulphate purge phases.
- the dilution of the oil with diesel reduces the viscosity of the oil.
- the drop in viscosity causes a drop in oil pressure with a risk of undernourishment and thus seizing of a lubricated element.
- a drop in viscosity also causes a risk of thinning oil films that can cause premature wear of lubrication members.
- the drop in viscosity causes an acceleration of oil aging (oxidation), corrosion of materials that can deteriorate the oil circuit leakage, as well as a dilution of the additive concentrations in the oil of the oil. lubrication with a risk of reducing the performance of the oil.
- oil maintenance algorithms engine were developed to calculate, based on the engine parameters, the dilution rate of the oil. However, these algorithms do not take into account the fuel used in the engine.
- the invention therefore proposes to take into account the fuel variability on the viscosity drop of the engine oil due to dilution by the fuel.
- the nature of the fuel is determined through the calculation of viscosities of the engine oil, themselves determined by oil pressure measurements.
- the model for estimating the oil dilution ratio which is calibrated by default for a fuel and a reference oil, is then adapted to the fuel and oil actually used by the engine.
- the invention therefore relates to a method for identifying a basic fuel supplying an engine of a vehicle equipped with a polluting chemical species trap, the moving parts of this engine being lubricated by means of a base oil, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - calculating a variation in viscosity of the base oil after a number z of kilometers traveled, this variation in viscosity being due to the dilution of the base oil with the base fuel during trap regeneration phases, this viscosity variation being calculated from base oil pressure measurements, a linearity relationship existing between measured pressure and base oil viscosity,
- to calculate the viscosity variation of the base oil it comprises the following steps:
- the calculation of the initial viscosity of the base oil is performed after a first engine start that occurs after a drain.
- to calculate by simulation the variation of viscosity of the reference oil it comprises the following steps: - calculate by simulation a dilution ratio of the reference oil by the reference fuel after z kilometers traveled , and
- to identify the base fuel it comprises the following steps:
- the identifier contained in the table is
- the invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a motor powered by a base fuel, the engine being equipped with a polluting chemical species trap, the moving parts of this engine being lubricated by a base oil, this base oil being pressurized by means of an oil pump characterized in that it comprises:
- FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a structure of a vehicle according to the invention
- FIG. 2 a diagram of steps of the method according to the invention making it possible to determine the nature of the fuel used
- FIG. 3 a graphical representation of the linear relationship between the viscosity of an oil and the dilution ratio of this oil, for different temperatures;
- Figure 4 a table establishing a correspondence between fuels from different countries and coefficients characterizing them.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a vehicle 1 having a motor 2 powered by a basic fuel 3 called GOx.
- the moving parts of this engine 2 are lubricated by a base oil 4 which is pressurized by means of an oil pump 7.
- the vehicle 1 is equipped with a trap 5 with polluting chemical species, such as a NOx trap or SCR (Selective Catalyst Reduction in English), or a particulate filter, disposed in its exhaust line.
- the oil 4 is diluted during the post-injection phases to regenerate the trap 5.
- late base fuel injections for the regeneration of the trap 5 cause a fuel introduction into the fuel. oil film deposited inside the engine cylinders and returned to the oil tank.
- the vehicle 1 comprises a computer 6.
- This computer 6 comprises a data memory 9, a program memory 10 and a microprocessor 11 connected together by a data bus 12.
- the memory 10 comprises a program 10.1 to calculate the number of kilometers after which the dilution of the base oil 4 by the base fuel GOx is such that the oil 4 should be changed.
- Input parameters of this program are the type of the base oil and the type of the basic fuel because, as we have seen, the dilution ratio of the base oil depends strongly on the fuel type. used.
- the computer 5 executes a program 10.2, preferably after the first start following a drain of the base oil 4.
- This program 10.2 generates the measurement of the pressure of the base oil 4 using a sensor 15 for different temperatures between 60 and 90 degrees.
- V o (T) viscosity values of the base oil 4 for these different temperatures are calculated from these pressure values. These viscosity calculations are made from a linear relationship existing between the pressure of the base oil 4 and the viscosity of this oil. In order for this linearity relation to exist, the oil pump 7 is not regulated during oil pressure measurements, that is to say that its control valve is open.
- the computer 6 executes a program 10.2 for determining the type of GOx fuel base used.
- the different steps of this program 10.2 are shown in FIG.
- a real measurement of the variation of viscosity A ⁇ zkm (GOx, ⁇ ) of the base oil 4 after z kms of rolling e.g.
- a ⁇ zkm ⁇ GOx, ⁇ ) which is worth ⁇ zkm ⁇ GOx, ⁇ ) - ⁇ o (T).
- a ⁇ zkm [GOx, T) ⁇ G0x * Ct (GOx, T)
- ⁇ G0x being the dilution ratio of the base oil 4 by the base fuel GOx obtained after z kilometers traveled
- (GOx) being the guiding coefficient of the linear viscosity-dilution ratio of the base oil 4 for the GOx base fuel.
- T GOPSA is calculated by simulation by the computer 6 from the characteristics 9.2, 9.3 of the reference oil contained in the memory 9 and GOPSA reference fuel, as well as from the number of kilometers traveled z. Moreover, Ct (GOPSA) for the reference oil is known and also stored in the memory 9. Then, in a step 23, the ratio between the viscosity variation of the base oil and the viscosity variation of the reference oil is calculated.
- the table in Figure 4 ensures the correspondence between the type of base fuel used (in other words, its country of origin) and the aforementioned coefficients ⁇ x and y 2 .
- ⁇ 1 is 15.4% and ⁇ 2 is 146.6%, so the product (1 - ⁇ y 2 is 1.240.) Only some countries have been shown in this table. between coefficients and countries exist for all the countries of the world.
- the maintenance program 10.1 has the type of oil 4 and the type of GOx fuel and can then predict the engine oil maintenance interval to report to the driver.
- the method of identifying the GOx base fuel according to the invention has been described in the context of use with a program for calculating the maintenance interval of the engine oil.
- the invention could also be used with a program involving the fuel type in calculating the engine consumption, in order to estimate, for example, a range of the vehicle.
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Abstract
Description
Procédé pour identifier un carburant de véhicule automobile et véhicule automobile permettant la mise en œuvre de ce procédé Process for identifying a motor vehicle fuel and a motor vehicle for carrying out this process
La présente invention concerne un procédé pour identifier un carburant. L'invention permet notamment de faire intervenir le type du carburant dans un programme de prédiction d'intervalles de maintenance calculant le nombre de kilomètres à l'issue desquels une vidange d'huile moteur devrait être effectuée. L'invention trouve une application particulièrement avantageuse avec les véhicules de type diesel.The present invention relates to a method for identifying a fuel. The invention allows in particular to involve the type of fuel in a maintenance interval prediction program calculating the number of kilometers after which a motor oil change should be performed. The invention finds a particularly advantageous application with diesel type vehicles.
Les normes de dépollution pour les moteurs diesel ont conduit au développement de nouveaux systèmes de post-traitement tels que le filtre à particules (FAP) ou le piège à oxydes d'azote (piège à NOx). Ces systèmes se caractérisent par le piégeage et la modification et/ou la disparition d'espèces chimiques polluantes présentes à l'échappement (suies pour le FAP, oxydes d'azote et oxydes de soufre pour le piège à NOx).Pollution control standards for diesel engines have led to the development of new after-treatment systems such as the particulate filter (DPF) or the nitrogen oxide trap (NOx trap). These systems are characterized by the trapping and modification and / or disappearance of polluting chemical species present in the exhaust (soot for FAP, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides for the NOx trap).
Afin de maintenir une efficacité satisfaisante de ces systèmes, il est nécessaire de procéder à des régénérations (ou phases de purge) permettant d'évacuer les espèces chimiques sous une forme acceptable pour l'atmosphère. Ces régénérations se caractérisent souvent par le recours à la post-injection, c'est-à-dire à une injection tardive qui est effectuée pendant la détente, après la combustion principale. Cette injection tardive permet de maintenir les gaz d'échappement chauds et/ou une richesse de mélange suffisante.In order to maintain a satisfactory efficiency of these systems, it is necessary to carry out regenerations (or purge phases) to evacuate the chemical species in an acceptable form for the atmosphere. These regenerations are often characterized by the use of post-injection, that is to say, a late injection which is performed during the relaxation, after the main combustion. This late injection makes it possible to maintain the hot exhaust gases and / or a sufficient mixture richness.
Pour les phases de purge des suies dans un filtre à particules, la post-injection est requise pour chauffer les gaz d'échappement à un niveau de température suffisant permettant d'atteindre la combustion des suies carbonées retenues sur le filtre. Pour les phases de purge des oxydes d'azote contenus dans les pièges à NOx, il s'agit de procéder à une injection tardive afin de provoquer une quasi-totale consommation de l'oxygène des gaz d'échappement permettant de porter la richesse des gaz d'échappement traversant le catalyseur au-delà de 1. Pour les phases de purge des oxydes de soufre dans les pièges à NOx, les niveaux de post-injection doivent à la fois permettre de monter les gaz d'échappement à hautes températures (supérieures à 65O0C) et à une richesse de mélange air/carburant supérieure à 1. Néanmoins, si ces post-injections permettent de régénérer les systèmes de post-traitement, elles présentent l'inconvénient important de provoquer une dilution de l'huile moteur. En effet, ces injections tardives provoquent une introduction de gazole dans le film d'huile, soit par impact liquide direct du spray d'injecteur, soit par condensation d'espèces de carburant vaporisées lors de la post-injection à l'extinction de la combustion principale, le film d'huile présent sur le cylindre étant partiellement ramené par raclage vers le bac à huile à chaque cycle. Il en résulte alors une dilution de l'huile par le gazole.For soot purging phases in a particulate filter, post-injection is required to heat the exhaust gases to a temperature level sufficient to achieve the combustion of carbon soot retained on the filter. For the purge phases of the nitrogen oxides contained in the NOx traps, it is a question of carrying out a late injection in order to cause a quasi-total consumption of the oxygen of the exhaust gases making it possible to bring the wealth of the exhaust gas passing through the catalyst beyond 1. For the purge phases of sulfur oxides in NOx traps, the post-injection levels must both make it possible to mount the exhaust gases at high temperatures (above 65O 0 C) and at a richness of air mixture. However, if these post-injections make it possible to regenerate the after-treatment systems, they have the important disadvantage of causing a dilution of the engine oil. Indeed, these late injections cause an introduction of diesel in the oil film, either by direct liquid impact of the injector spray, or by condensation of fuel species vaporized during the post-injection to the extinction of the fuel. main combustion, the oil film on the cylinder being partially scraped back to the oil tank at each cycle. This results in a dilution of the oil by diesel fuel.
Avec l'utilisation d'un filtre à particules qui est régénéré tous les 600-800kms, le taux de dilution de l'huile mesuré au bout de 20000kms sur les applications « série » est généralement compris entre 4 et 6%. Une motorisation de véhicule comportant un filtre à particules et un piège à oxydes d'azote est encore plus fortement soumise au phénomène de dilution de l'huile de lubrification, en raison de la grande fréquence de purges de NOx qu'il est nécessaire de mettre en œuvre pour maintenir l'efficacité du catalyseur (en moyenne une purge toutes les 1 à 3 minutes) et du besoin d'ajouter des phases de purge des sulfates.With the use of a particulate filter that is regenerated every 600-800kms, the oil dilution rate measured after 20000kms on "serial" applications is generally between 4 and 6%. A vehicle engine comprising a particulate filter and a nitrogen oxide trap is even more strongly subject to the phenomenon of dilution of the lubricating oil, because of the high frequency of NOx purges that must be put in place. to maintain the catalyst efficiency (on average one purge every 1 to 3 minutes) and the need to add sulphate purge phases.
La dilution de l'huile par le gazole engendre une baisse de la viscosité de l'huile. Or la baisse de la viscosité engendre une chute de pression d'huile avec un risque de sous-alimentation et donc de grippage d'un élément lubrifié. Une baisse de viscosité engendre également un risque d'amincissement des films d'huile pouvant provoquer une usure prématurée d'organes de lubrification.The dilution of the oil with diesel reduces the viscosity of the oil. However, the drop in viscosity causes a drop in oil pressure with a risk of undernourishment and thus seizing of a lubricated element. A drop in viscosity also causes a risk of thinning oil films that can cause premature wear of lubrication members.
En outre, la baisse de viscosité engendre une accélération du vieillissement d'huile (oxydation), une corrosion des matériaux qui peut détériorer l'étanchéité du circuit d'huile, ainsi qu'une dilution des concentrations d'additifs dans l'huile de lubrification avec un risque de réduction des performances de l'huile.In addition, the drop in viscosity causes an acceleration of oil aging (oxidation), corrosion of materials that can deteriorate the oil circuit leakage, as well as a dilution of the additive concentrations in the oil of the oil. lubrication with a risk of reducing the performance of the oil.
Il apparaît donc indispensable de pouvoir estimer le taux de dilution carburant dans l'huile. A cet effet, des algorithmes de maintenance d'huile moteur ont été développés pour calculer, en fonction des paramètres moteurs, le taux de dilution de l'huile. Toutefois, ces algorithmes ne tiennent pas compte du carburant utilisé dans le moteur.It therefore appears essential to be able to estimate the rate of fuel dilution in the oil. For this purpose, oil maintenance algorithms engine were developed to calculate, based on the engine parameters, the dilution rate of the oil. However, these algorithms do not take into account the fuel used in the engine.
Or les carburants présentent des coupes de distillations ainsi que des viscosités différentes d'un pays à l'autre. Ainsi 2% de dilution de l'huile avec du gazole suédois entraîne la même chute de viscosité que 8% de dilution avec du gazole français ou 15% de dilution avec du gazole zaïrien.But the fuels have distillations cuts and viscosities different from one country to another. Thus 2% dilution of the oil with Swedish gas oil causes the same drop in viscosity as 8% dilution with French diesel or 15% dilution with Zairian gas oil.
L'invention propose donc de prendre en compte la variabilité carburant sur la chute de viscosité de l'huile moteur due à la dilution par le carburant. A cet effet, la nature du carburant est déterminée à travers le calcul de viscosités de l'huile du moteur, elles-mêmes déterminées par des mesures de pression d'huile. Le modèle d'estimation du taux de dilution de l'huile, qui est calé par défaut pour un carburant et une huile de référence, est alors d'adapté au carburant et à l'huile réellement utilisés par le moteur. L'invention concerne donc un procédé pour identifier un carburant de base alimentant un moteur d'un véhicule équipé d'un piège à espèces chimiques polluantes, des pièces mobiles de ce moteur étant lubrifiées au moyen d'une huile de base, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes suivantes : - calculer une variation de viscosité de l'huile de base après un nombre z de kilomètres parcourus, cette variation de viscosité étant due à la dilution de l'huile de base par le carburant de base lors de phases de régénération du piège, cette variation de viscosité étant calculée à partir de mesures de pression de l'huile de base, une relation de linéarité existant entre pression mesurée et viscosité de l'huile de base,The invention therefore proposes to take into account the fuel variability on the viscosity drop of the engine oil due to dilution by the fuel. For this purpose, the nature of the fuel is determined through the calculation of viscosities of the engine oil, themselves determined by oil pressure measurements. The model for estimating the oil dilution ratio, which is calibrated by default for a fuel and a reference oil, is then adapted to the fuel and oil actually used by the engine. The invention therefore relates to a method for identifying a basic fuel supplying an engine of a vehicle equipped with a polluting chemical species trap, the moving parts of this engine being lubricated by means of a base oil, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: - calculating a variation in viscosity of the base oil after a number z of kilometers traveled, this variation in viscosity being due to the dilution of the base oil with the base fuel during trap regeneration phases, this viscosity variation being calculated from base oil pressure measurements, a linearity relationship existing between measured pressure and base oil viscosity,
- calculer par simulation une variation de viscosité d'une huile de référence après un nombre z de kilomètres parcourus, cette variation de viscosité étant due à la dilution de l'huile de référence par un carburant de référence lors de phases de régénération du piège, et - identifier le carburant de base à partir d'une comparaison entre ces deux variations de viscosité.calculating by simulation a viscosity variation of a reference oil after a number z of kilometers traveled, this variation in viscosity being due to the dilution of the reference oil by a reference fuel during trap regeneration phases, and - identifying the base fuel from a comparison between these two viscosity variations.
Dans une mise en œuvre, pour calculer la variation de viscosité de l'huile de base, il comporte les étapes suivantes :In one implementation, to calculate the viscosity variation of the base oil, it comprises the following steps:
- calculer la viscosité initiale de l'huile de base neuve à la vidange à partir d'une mesure de pression de l'huile de base, - calculer la viscosité de l'huile de base après z kilomètres parcourus à partir d'une mesure de pression de l'huile de base effectuée après z kilomètres parcourus, et- calculate the initial viscosity of the new base oil at the drain from a pressure measurement of the base oil, - calculate the viscosity of the base oil after z kilometers traveled from a base oil pressure measurement taken after z kilometers traveled, and
- calculer la différence entre ces deux viscosités. Dans une mise en œuvre, le calcul de la viscosité initiale de l'huile de base est effectué après un premier démarrage du moteur qui se produit après une vidange.- calculate the difference between these two viscosities. In one implementation, the calculation of the initial viscosity of the base oil is performed after a first engine start that occurs after a drain.
Dans une mise en œuvre, pour calculer par simulation la variation de viscosité de l'huile de référence, il comporte les étapes suivantes : - calculer par simulation un taux de dilution de l'huile de référence par le carburant de référence après z kilomètres parcourus, etIn an implementation, to calculate by simulation the variation of viscosity of the reference oil, it comprises the following steps: - calculate by simulation a dilution ratio of the reference oil by the reference fuel after z kilometers traveled , and
- multiplier ce taux de dilution par un coefficient directeur de la relation linéaire entre la viscosité et la dilution de l'huile de référence.- Multiply this dilution ratio by a coefficient directing the linear relationship between the viscosity and the dilution of the reference oil.
Dans une mise en œuvre, pour identifier le carburant de base il comporte les étapes suivantes :In one implementation, to identify the base fuel it comprises the following steps:
- calculer un identifiant qui est égal au rapport entre la variation de viscosité de l'huile de base et la variation de viscosité de l'huile de référence,calculating an identifier which is equal to the ratio between the variation of viscosity of the base oil and the variation of viscosity of the reference oil,
- déterminer, à partir de cet identifiant, le carburant de base à l'aide d'un tableau, ce tableau assurant la correspondance entre l'identifiant et le type de carburant de base.- Determine, from this identifier, the base fuel using a table, this table ensuring the correspondence between the identifier and the type of fuel base.
Dans une mise en œuvre, l'identifiant contenu dans le tableau vaut
_ (Z(GOx) - (Z(GOPSA) 7ι ~ CC(GOPSA) ' θ
- τG0x étant le taux de dilution de l'huile de base par le carburant de base obtenu après z kilomètres parcourus et a(G0x) étant le coefficient directeur de la relation linéaire viscosité-dilution de l'huile de base pour le carburant de base (GOx). L'invention concerne également un véhicule automobile comportant un moteur alimenté par un carburant de base, ce moteur étant équipé d'un piège à espèces chimiques polluantes, des pièces mobiles de ce moteur étant lubrifiées par une huile de base, cette huile de base étant mise sous pression au moyen d'une pompe à huile caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :- τ G0x being the dilution ratio of the base oil by the base fuel obtained after z kilometers traveled and a (G0x) being the directing coefficient of the linear viscosity-dilution ratio of the base oil for the fuel of base (GOx). The invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a motor powered by a base fuel, the engine being equipped with a polluting chemical species trap, the moving parts of this engine being lubricated by a base oil, this base oil being pressurized by means of an oil pump characterized in that it comprises:
- des moyens pour calculer une variation de viscosité de l'huile de base après un nombre z de kilomètres parcourus, cette variation de viscosité étant due à la dilution de l'huile de base par le carburant de base lors de phases de régénération du piège, cette variation de viscosité étant calculée à partir de mesures de pression de l'huile de base, etmeans for calculating a variation in the viscosity of the base oil after a number of kilometers traveled, this variation in viscosity being due to the dilution of the base oil by the base fuel during trap regeneration phases this variation in viscosity being calculated from pressure measurements of the base oil, and
- des moyens pour calculer par simulation une variation de viscosité d'une huile de référence après un nombre z de kilomètres parcourus, cette variation de viscosité étant due à la dilution de l'huile de référence par un carburant de référence lors de phases de régénération du piège, et - des moyens pour identifier le carburant de base à partir d'une comparaison entre ces deux variations de viscosité,means for calculating, by simulation, a viscosity variation of a reference oil after a number of kilometers traveled, this variation in viscosity being due to the dilution of the reference oil by a reference fuel during regeneration phases trap, and - means for identifying the base fuel from a comparison between these two viscosity variations,
- la pompe à huile fonctionnant dans une zone de non-régulation lors des mesures de pression de l'huile de base.- the oil pump operating in a non-regulation zone during base oil pressure measurements.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit et à l'examen des figures qui l'accompagnent. Ces figures ne sont données qu'à titre illustratif mais nullement limitatif de l'invention. Ces figures montrent :The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows and on examining the figures which accompany it. These figures are given for illustrative but not limiting of the invention. These figures show:
- figure 1 : une représentation schématique d'une structure d'un véhicule selon l'invention ; - figure 2 : un diagramme d'étapes du procédé selon l'invention permettant de déterminer la nature du carburant utilisé ;- Figure 1: a schematic representation of a structure of a vehicle according to the invention; FIG. 2: a diagram of steps of the method according to the invention making it possible to determine the nature of the fuel used;
- figure 3 : une représentation graphique de la relation linéaire entre la viscosité d'une huile et le taux de dilution de cette huile, pour différentes températures ; - figure 4 : un tableau établissant une correspondance entre des carburants de différents pays et des coefficients les caractérisant.FIG. 3: a graphical representation of the linear relationship between the viscosity of an oil and the dilution ratio of this oil, for different temperatures; - Figure 4: a table establishing a correspondence between fuels from different countries and coefficients characterizing them.
La figure 1 montre une représentation schématique d'un véhicule 1 comportant un moteur 2 alimenté par un carburant 3 de base appelé GOx. Les pièces mobiles de ce moteur 2 sont lubrifiées par une huile 4 de base qui est mise sous pression au moyen d'une pompe à huile 7. Le véhicule 1 est équipé d'un piège 5 à espèces chimiques polluantes, tel qu'un piège à NOx, ou SCR (Sélective Catalyst Réduction en anglais), ou un filtre à particules, disposé dans sa ligne d'échappement. Comme on l'a vu, l'huile 4 est diluée lors des phases de post-injections permettant de régénérer le piège 5. En effet, des injections tardives de carburant de base pour la régénération du piège 5 provoquent une introduction de carburant dans le film d'huile déposé à l'intérieur des cylindres du moteur et ramené dans le bac à huile.Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a vehicle 1 having a motor 2 powered by a basic fuel 3 called GOx. The moving parts of this engine 2 are lubricated by a base oil 4 which is pressurized by means of an oil pump 7. The vehicle 1 is equipped with a trap 5 with polluting chemical species, such as a NOx trap or SCR (Selective Catalyst Reduction in English), or a particulate filter, disposed in its exhaust line. As we have seen, the oil 4 is diluted during the post-injection phases to regenerate the trap 5. In fact, late base fuel injections for the regeneration of the trap 5 cause a fuel introduction into the fuel. oil film deposited inside the engine cylinders and returned to the oil tank.
Pour calculer l'intervalle de maintenance pour la vidange de l'huile 4 de base, le véhicule 1 comporte un calculateur 6. Ce calculateur 6 comporte une mémoire 9 de données, une mémoire de programmes 10 et un microprocesseur 1 1 reliés entre eux par un bus de données 12.To calculate the maintenance interval for the emptying of the base oil 4, the vehicle 1 comprises a computer 6. This computer 6 comprises a data memory 9, a program memory 10 and a microprocessor 11 connected together by a data bus 12.
Plus précisément, la mémoire 10 comporte un programme 10.1 pour calculer le nombre de kilomètres au bout desquels la dilution de l'huile 4 de base par le carburant de base GOx est telle, que l'huile 4 devrait être changée. Des paramètres d'entrée de ce programme sont le type de l'huile 4 de base et le type du carburant 3 de base car, on l'a vu, le taux de dilution de l'huile 4 de base dépend fortement du type carburant utilisé.Specifically, the memory 10 comprises a program 10.1 to calculate the number of kilometers after which the dilution of the base oil 4 by the base fuel GOx is such that the oil 4 should be changed. Input parameters of this program are the type of the base oil and the type of the basic fuel because, as we have seen, the dilution ratio of the base oil depends strongly on the fuel type. used.
Pour déterminer le type de l'huile 4 de base, le calculateur 5 exécute un programme 10.2, de préférence après le premier démarrage qui suit une vidange de l'huile 4 de base. Ce programme 10.2 engendre la mesure de la pression de l'huile 4 de base à l'aide d'un capteur 15 pour différentes températures comprises entre 60 et 90 degrés.To determine the type of the base oil 4, the computer 5 executes a program 10.2, preferably after the first start following a drain of the base oil 4. This program 10.2 generates the measurement of the pressure of the base oil 4 using a sensor 15 for different temperatures between 60 and 90 degrees.
Des valeurs de viscosité μo(T) de l'huile 4 de base pour ces différentes températures sont calculées à partir de ces valeurs de pressions. Ces calculs de viscosité sont effectués à partir d'une relation de linéarité existant entre la pression de l'huile 4 de base et la viscosité de cette huile. Pour que cette relation de linéarité existe, la pompe 7 à huile n'est pas régulée lors des mesures de pression d'huile, c'est-à-dire que son clapet de régulation est ouvert.V o (T) viscosity values of the base oil 4 for these different temperatures are calculated from these pressure values. These viscosity calculations are made from a linear relationship existing between the pressure of the base oil 4 and the viscosity of this oil. In order for this linearity relation to exist, the oil pump 7 is not regulated during oil pressure measurements, that is to say that its control valve is open.
Les différents types d'huile existant sur le marché, le grade de ces huiles, et les viscosités qui leur sont associées sont stockés dans une zone 9.1 de la mémoire. A partir des différentes viscosités calculées, on peut donc en déduire le type d'huile (MA3 ou MA4) et son grade (W30, W40). Ces données (type d'huile et grade) sont utilisées comme entrées par le programme 10.1 du calcul de l'intervalle de maintenance.The different types of oil existing on the market, the grade of these oils, and the viscosities associated with them are stored in a 9.1 area of the memory. From the different viscosities calculated, we can deduce the type of oil (MA3 or MA4) and its grade (W30, W40). These data (oil type and grade) are used as inputs by program 10.1 of the maintenance interval calculation.
Par ailleurs, pour un type d'huile identifié et une température donnée, le calculateur 6 exécute un programme 10.2 permettant de déterminer le type du carburant GOx de base utilisé. Les différentes étapes de ce programme 10.2 sont représentées à la figure 2.Moreover, for an identified type of oil and a given temperature, the computer 6 executes a program 10.2 for determining the type of GOx fuel base used. The different steps of this program 10.2 are shown in FIG.
Dans une première étape 21 , une mesure réelle de la variation de viscosité Aμzkm(GOx,τ) de l'huile 4 de base après z kms de roulage (par exIn a first step 21, a real measurement of the variation of viscosity Aμ zkm (GOx, τ) of the base oil 4 after z kms of rolling (e.g.
500kms) est effectuée. A cette fin, on calcule la viscosité μzkm(GOx,τ) de l'huile après zkm parcourus à partir d'une mesure de pression d'huile. La relation de linéarité entre la pression d'huile 4 et la viscosité de cette huile permet là encore de faire un tel calcul. En outre, comme la viscosité initiale de l'huile de base μo(T) a été calculée dans l'étape précédente, on en déduit500kms) is performed. For this purpose, the viscosity μ zkm (GOx, τ) of the oil after zkm traveled from an oil pressure measurement is calculated. The linearity relation between the oil pressure 4 and the viscosity of this oil makes it possible to make such a calculation again. In addition, since the initial viscosity of the base oil μ o (T) was calculated in the previous step, it is deduced
Aμzkm {GOx,τ) qui vaut μzkm {GOx,τ)- μo (T) . On a par ailleurs : Aμzkm [GOx, T) = τG0x * Ct(GOx, T) , τG0x étant le taux de dilution de l'huile 4 de base par le carburant de base GOx obtenu après z kilomètres parcourus et a(GOx) étant le coefficient directeur de la relation linéaire viscosité-dilution de l'huile 4 de base pour le carburant de base GOx.Aμ zkm {GOx, τ) which is worth μ zkm {GOx, τ) - μ o (T). Moreover, we have: Aμ zkm [GOx, T) = τ G0x * Ct (GOx, T), τ G0x being the dilution ratio of the base oil 4 by the base fuel GOx obtained after z kilometers traveled and (GOx) being the guiding coefficient of the linear viscosity-dilution ratio of the base oil 4 for the GOx base fuel.
En effet, comme représenté à la figure 3, pour une température (50, 80, 100 ou 125 degrés par exemple), un carburant et une huile donnés, il existe une relation de la linéarité entre la viscosité cinématique et le taux de dilution de l'huile.Indeed, as shown in Figure 3, for a temperature (50, 80, 100 or 125 degrees for example), a given fuel and oil, there is a relationship of the linearity between the kinematic viscosity and the dilution ratio of oil.
En parallèle de cette mesure de variation de viscosité effectuée sur le carburant de base GOx, dans une étape 22, le superviseur 6 calcule, par simulation, la variation de viscosité Aμzhn (GOPSA) d'une huile de référence diluée par un carburant de référence GOPSA après z kilomètres parcourus : AMzhn [GOPSA) = τG0PSA * a{GOPSÂ) , τG0PSA étant le taux de dilution de l'huile de référence par le carburant de référence GOPSA obtenu après z kilomètres parcourus, et Ct(GOPSA) étant le coefficient directeur de la relation linéaire viscosité-dilution pour le carburant de référence GOPSA.In parallel with this measure of viscosity variation performed on the base fuel GOx, in a step 22, the supervisor 6 calculates, by simulation, the variation of viscosity Aμ zhn (GOPSA) of a reference oil diluted by a fuel of GOPSA reference after z kilometers traveled: AMz hn [GOPSA) = τ G0PSA * a {GOPS), τ G0PSA being the dilution ratio of the reference oil by GOPSA reference fuel obtained after z kilometers traveled, and Ct (GOPSA) ) being the guiding coefficient of the linear viscosity-dilution relationship for the GOPSA reference fuel.
T GOPSA est calculé par simulation par le calculateur 6 à partir des caractéristiques 9.2, 9.3 de l'huile de référence contenues dans la mémoire 9 et du carburant de référence GOPSA, ainsi qu'à partir du nombre de kilomètres z parcourus. Par ailleurs, Ct(GOPSA) pour l'huile de référence est connu et également stocké dans la mémoire 9. Ensuite, dans une étape 23, on calcule le rapport entre la variation de viscosité de l'huile de base et la variation de viscosité de l'huile de référence. On a alors - ^(GOxj) τ^_ a(G0xJ) Aμzkm{GOPSA,T) τG0PSA a(GOPSA,T) T GOPSA is calculated by simulation by the computer 6 from the characteristics 9.2, 9.3 of the reference oil contained in the memory 9 and GOPSA reference fuel, as well as from the number of kilometers traveled z. Moreover, Ct (GOPSA) for the reference oil is known and also stored in the memory 9. Then, in a step 23, the ratio between the viscosity variation of the base oil and the viscosity variation of the reference oil is calculated. We then have - ^ (GOxj) τ ^ _ a (G0xJ) Aμ zkm {GOPSA, T) τ G0PSA a (GOPSA, T)
En posant :By asking :
Ct(GOx) -Ct(GOPSA) ,, , Ct(GOx) y, = — d ou — — = 1 - y, , etCt (GOx) -Ct (GOPSA) ,,, Ct (GOx) y, = - d or - - = 1 - y, and
1 (X(GOPSA) Ct(GOPSA) ' 1 (X (GOPSA) Ct (GOPSA) '
1 ' GOPSA on établit ^ {GOxJ\ = (i - n)γ2 1 ' GOPSA we establish ^ {GOxJ \ = (i - n) γ 2
Aμzhn (GOPSA,τ)Aμ zhn (GOPSA, τ)
Le tableau de la figure 4 assure la correspondance entre le type de carburant de base utilisé (autrement dit son pays d'origine) et les coefficients γx et y2 précités. Par exemple, pour l'Afrique du sud, ^1 vaut 15.4% et γ2 vaut 146, 6%, donc le produit (1 - ^y2 vaut 1.240. Seuls certains pays ont été indiqués dans ce tableau. Toutefois, les correspondances entre coefficients et pays existent pour tous les pays du monde.The table in Figure 4 ensures the correspondence between the type of base fuel used (in other words, its country of origin) and the aforementioned coefficients γ x and y 2 . For example, for South Africa, ^ 1 is 15.4% and γ 2 is 146.6%, so the product (1 - ^ y 2 is 1.240.) Only some countries have been shown in this table. between coefficients and countries exist for all the countries of the world.
Connaissant le produit de coefficients (l - ft)^ , on peut alors identifier le carburant de base GOx associé à ce produit de coefficients, dans une étape 24 du procédé selon l'invention.Knowing the product of coefficients (l - ft) ^, it is then possible to identify the base fuel GOx associated with this coefficient product, in a step 24 of the method according to the invention.
A l'issue de cette étape, le programme 10.1 de maintenance dispose du type d'huile 4 et du type de carburant GOx et peut alors prédire l'intervalle de maintenance huile moteur à signaler au conducteur. Le procédé d'identification du carburant de base GOx selon l'invention a été décrit dans le cadre d'une utilisation avec un programme permettant le calcul de l'intervalle de maintenance de l'huile moteur. Toutefois, l'invention pourrait aussi être utilisée avec un programme faisant intervenir le type de carburant dans le calcul de la consommation du moteur, afin d'estimer par exemple une autonomie du véhicule. At the end of this step, the maintenance program 10.1 has the type of oil 4 and the type of GOx fuel and can then predict the engine oil maintenance interval to report to the driver. The method of identifying the GOx base fuel according to the invention has been described in the context of use with a program for calculating the maintenance interval of the engine oil. However, the invention could also be used with a program involving the fuel type in calculating the engine consumption, in order to estimate, for example, a range of the vehicle.
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BRPI0715314-7A BRPI0715314A2 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2007-10-15 | method for identifying a fuel from a motor vehicle and motor vehicle |
| EP07858582A EP2095109A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2007-10-15 | Method for identifying a motor vehicle fuel and motor vehicle implementing this method |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0654576 | 2006-10-26 | ||
| FR0654576A FR2907902B1 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2006-10-26 | METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING A MOTOR VEHICLE FUEL AND ASSOCIATED MOTOR VEHICLE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008050034A1 true WO2008050034A1 (en) | 2008-05-02 |
Family
ID=38057601
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2007/052155 Ceased WO2008050034A1 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2007-10-15 | Method for identifying a motor vehicle fuel and motor vehicle implementing this method |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2095109A1 (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0715314A2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2907902B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008050034A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11101153A (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-13 | Zexel:Kk | Fuel injection control device |
| US6343571B1 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2002-02-05 | Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. | Fuel emulsion detection method and system for an electronically controlled engine |
| FR2866957A1 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-02 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Lubricating oil dilution rate determining system for heat engine of motor vehicle, has two modules to estimate hourly dilution and evaporation of oil, where overall dilution is deduced from accumulated dilution and evaporation values |
-
2006
- 2006-10-26 FR FR0654576A patent/FR2907902B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-10-15 BR BRPI0715314-7A patent/BRPI0715314A2/en active Search and Examination
- 2007-10-15 WO PCT/FR2007/052155 patent/WO2008050034A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2007-10-15 EP EP07858582A patent/EP2095109A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11101153A (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-13 | Zexel:Kk | Fuel injection control device |
| US6343571B1 (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2002-02-05 | Clean Fuels Technology, Inc. | Fuel emulsion detection method and system for an electronically controlled engine |
| FR2866957A1 (en) * | 2004-02-27 | 2005-09-02 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Lubricating oil dilution rate determining system for heat engine of motor vehicle, has two modules to estimate hourly dilution and evaporation of oil, where overall dilution is deduced from accumulated dilution and evaporation values |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2907902B1 (en) | 2009-01-30 |
| EP2095109A1 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
| BRPI0715314A2 (en) | 2013-07-09 |
| FR2907902A1 (en) | 2008-05-02 |
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