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WO2007117389A2 - Porte encastrée composite utilisée sur des wagons - Google Patents

Porte encastrée composite utilisée sur des wagons Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007117389A2
WO2007117389A2 PCT/US2007/008199 US2007008199W WO2007117389A2 WO 2007117389 A2 WO2007117389 A2 WO 2007117389A2 US 2007008199 W US2007008199 W US 2007008199W WO 2007117389 A2 WO2007117389 A2 WO 2007117389A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composite
frame
openings
door according
door
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US2007/008199
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007117389A3 (fr
Inventor
John C. Montagna
Russell L. Herlache
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Durakon Industries Inc
Original Assignee
Durakon Industries Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Durakon Industries Inc filed Critical Durakon Industries Inc
Publication of WO2007117389A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007117389A2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Publication of WO2007117389A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007117389A3/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D19/00—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles
    • B61D19/001—Door arrangements specially adapted for rail vehicles for wagons or vans

Definitions

  • Railcars are used generally for transporting goods and are equipped in many cases with doors known as "plug" doors. These doors slide open, generally on a track and by using a cranking mechanism for accessing the interior of the railcar.
  • doors are traditionally known to be made of the same type of material as the railcar, i.e., steel. While such doors are strong and resilient, they pose certain disadvantages in that they are very heavy adding weight to the overall railcar weight and making them difficult to operate. Further, they are subject to corrosion under exposure to the elements.
  • One such design includes a door in which the inner and outer portions of the door are formed of fiberglass-reinforced epoxy skins over an aluminum honeycomb-patterned core. The core is bonded to the skin with voids in the structure being plugged by insulation. A panel in the center of the door opens to allow access to the crank rod door opening mechanism.
  • Another prior art attempt to improve upon steel hatch doors includes a railcar which is formed of a sandwich-like composite. These doors (unlike most plug doors) open by raising and close by lowering. By using the composite, only one hatch door is needed instead of several metal hatch doors. The door is made more structurally stable than prior art composite hatch doors by including a balsa wood core.
  • metallic doors for boxcars are also known in which the doors include separate modular metallic sections so that if the door is dented, the modular panel can be replaced.
  • the metallic panels in such doors include elastomeric or other flexible materials between panels and an outer heavier gauge metallic frame so that the sections can move and bend on impact.
  • I and more corrosion-resistant The doors are also lighter if formed of the reinforced plastic material.
  • I-beams can be incorporated in foam blocks in the core within the sidewalls of the railcar.
  • the invention includes a composite door comprising a frame defining at least two openings and at least two composite panels situated within the openings in the frame.
  • the composite door is a plug door suitable for use as a railcar plug door.
  • the invention also includes a railcar plug door comprising an outer frame configured to define an outer periphery of the plug door and an inner frame configured to fit within the outer frame, the inner frame defining at least two openings and at least two composite panels situated within the openings in the inner frame.
  • a method for forming a plug door comprising forming an outer frame defining an outer periphery of the plug door; forming an inner frame configured to fit within the outer frame, wherein the inner frame defines at least two openings; securing the inner frame within the outer frame; and placing a composite panel within each of the at least two openings.
  • Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of a railcar plug door according to an embodiment described herein;
  • Fig. 2 is a front elevational view of an outer frame which can be used according to an embodiment of the plug door described herein;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the outer frame of Fig. 2 taken along line D-D of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of an inner frame for use in an embodiment of a plug door as described herein;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the inner frame in Fig. 4 taken along line E-E;
  • Fig. 6 is a front elevational view of lattice closure frame for closure of the inner frame of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view of the lattice of Fig. 6 taken along lines F-F;
  • FIG. 8 is a front elevational view of two composite panels for use in a frame in accordance with an embodiment of the plug door described herein;
  • Fig. 9 is a cross sectional view of a portion of one of the composite panels of Fig. 8 taken along line C-C;
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the plug door of Fig. 1 taken along line A-A;
  • FIG. 11 is cross-sectional view of a portion, of the plug door of Fig. 1 taken along line B-B.
  • Fig. 1 an embodiment of a plug door in accordance with a preferred embodiment, referred to generally as 10. It should be understood based on this disclosure that the embodiment as shown herein is a preferred embodiment for best illustrating the invention and that the invention should not be considered to be limited thereby.
  • the door has a frame 12 that includes an outer frame 14 and, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and an inner frame 16 as shown in Figs.
  • the frame 12, and more preferably the inner frame has at least two openings 18 as shown in Fig. 4. Preferably, there is a plurality of such openings within the frame. Because the frame and composite panels can be made of varying sizes and varying numbers of panels for different uses (even beyond the preferred use as a traditional railcar plug door), it should be understood based on this disclosure that the invention is not fixed by the preferred frame arrangement shown in Figs. 1, 2, 4 and 6. [0027] In preparing a preferred railcar plug door according to one preferred embodiment of the invention, it was intended that the door have a load capability which was approximately equivalent to that of current steel railcar plug doors for 2, 3 and 4 psi loads uniformly distributed over the door surface.
  • the door should perform comparably to such a steel door in the free-to-roll mode when an empty car is impacted with a coupler force of 1 ,250,000 lbs. It was also desirable that the door work in the same dimensional environment and be able to be used with the same mountings and operating mechanisms as current steel doors. The operating environment was also targeted to include conditions from 40° F to 150° F. It was also preferred that the composite door be able to be formed using conventional thermoforming techniques. With respect to stiffness, the panels are preferred to have a stiffness that approximates that of current steel doors. [0028]
  • the outer frame 14, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is preferably configured to define an outer periphery P of the plug door.
  • the inner frame 16 is preferably configured to fit within the outer frame 14.
  • the inner and outer frames can be formed as one complete structure either formed as a one-piece unit out of metal such as stainless steel, iron, aluminum or other metals or alloys as well as formed from a suitable polymeric, plastic and/or composite material having sufficient reinforcing strength to support the overall structure 10.
  • the inner and outer frames can be made integrally out of interlocking pieces.
  • the frame 12 is illustrated herein as being formed of an inner and outer frame which are separate pieces, it should be understood to be within the scope of this disclosure to make a one-piece frame (encompassing both the inner and outer frames) which is a unitary part, perhaps of welded metal or molded plastic or other composite of sufficient strength.
  • the one- and two-piece frames may use fasteners of varying types to facilitate installation and replacement of the panels, when necessary. Other techniques such as, but not limited to "H" channels and "U” channels may also be used for this purpose.
  • the outer frame 14 is formed as one portion of the door and the inner frame 16 is formed as a separate structure.
  • the outer frame 14 preferably is formed so as to have four side sections 20 which may form a generally rectangular structure, with the understanding that other shapes are also possible (generally square, triangular, circular or other polygonal shape).
  • the side sections can each be a single flat piece, angle iron, a "C"- or “U”-channel, a "T"- channel, plate, two joined “L”-channels or combinations thereof as well as other various configurations of raw metallic stock or other suitable material or custom designed to optimize properties as noted above.
  • Fig. 3 shows that in cross-section, the side sections 20 are preferably formed of "L"-channels which can be of variable length and are preferably also adjustably and removably fastened together by any acceptable fastening mechanism, such as a joint, lock, snap-in configuration, clips, adhesives, bolt, screw, etc.
  • any acceptable fastening mechanism such as a joint, lock, snap-in configuration, clips, adhesives, bolt, screw, etc.
  • the frame can be made adjustable in size (in depth) and/or the frame can be more easily assembled and dismantled if desired and/or more easily repaired in the event damage is sustained to one surface. Further, in constructing the plug door 10, by having two independent pieces along a side, the outer frame can be assembled prior to or after the assembly of the inner frame.
  • the outer frame 14 preferably has two opposing side sections 20 that are about 130 inches (330 cm) to about 140 inches (356 cm) in length, preferably about 110 inches (279 cm) to 120 inches (305 cm), and most preferably they are about 120 inches (305 cm) in length as measured parallel to the longitudinal axis L-L of each side section on the longer sides of the frame as shown hi Fig. 2.
  • the door would also have two other opposing side sections 20 that are about 130 inches (330 cm) to about 140 inches (356 cm) in length, preferably from about 110 inches (279 cm) to about 120 inches (305 cm), and most preferably about 120 inches (305 cm) in length as measured parallel to the longitudinal axis L'-L' of each of those side sections as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the "L"-channel is preferably about 1.25 inches (3.18 cm) to about 1.50 inches (3.81 cm), and most preferably about 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) measured longitudinally along either leg of the "L", and the "L” channels are preferably about 0.19 inches (0.48 cm) to about 0.32 inches (0.81 cm) and most preferably about 0.25 inches (0.64 cm) in thickness, as measured transversely in cross section across either leg of the "L".
  • Exemplary bolts for use and as shown are preferably 1 A - 13 bolts located generally centrally between the two "L"-channels and preferably are evenly spaced along the frame sections 20.
  • the inner frame according to the invention defines at least two openings and is configured so as to receive and secure at least two composite panels, one in each of the opening. Likewise, at least two composite panels are provided to the structure and are correspondingly configured so as to fit within the openings in the inner frame.
  • the fit need not be in full facing engagement or completely side to side such that some flexibility can be built into the structure, however, if the door is to be water tight or insulative, it is preferred that there be a weld (metallic or polymeric) or other sealing method used to seal where the composite panels fit within the frame.
  • the composite panels preferably fit within the inner frame so as to create a tongue-in-groove configuration with the inner and outer frames as shown, for example, as shown in the Figures herein (see, e.g. Figs. 10 and 11).
  • the inner frame may also be formed of any of the various types of raw metallic stock described above for the outer frame or a suitable material of roughly equivalent structural integrity as mentioned above.
  • the inner frame 16 is formed of a lattice- like structure of various intersecting beams 26, 30 as best shown in Fig. 4.
  • such beams are each "T" beams and the beams can fit within the outer frame to define an overall frame which defines at least two openings 18 as shown in Fig. 4 where the outer frame is shown in phantom lines.
  • a plurality of such openings can be defined by the intersecting beams of the inner frame and/or the outer frame and such beams.
  • Each "T"-beam is preferably, but need not necessarily be, of a similar dimension to the metallic stock portions used to form the outer frame. For example, if 1.5 in. "L"-channels are used for the outer frame, then “T" channels of about 1.5 in. (3.8 cm) are preferably used for the inner frame such that the sizes are compatible and the inner frame is configured to fit within the outer frame.
  • the base 32 and the top 34 of the "T" are the same size, but that need not be the case. As shown in a typical plug door according to a preferred embodiment herein, in Figs.
  • the inner frame is preferably formed of 1.5 in (3.8 cm) "T"-channels which form a lattice that is configured to fit within the outer frame so that the frame defines eighteen (18) openings 18.
  • the inner frame is not one pre-formed section, and is made of intersecting beams, that those beams are fastened together for structural stability.
  • horizontally extending, longer-sized beams 26 are welded or otherwise joined to smaller sections 30 of vertically extending beams at intersecting areas.
  • each longer beam 26 is preferably about 116 inches (295 cm) in length as measured along the longitudinal axis A-A of each of such beams.
  • the shorter beams 30 extending vertically in Fig. 4 would then be preferably about 22.1 inches (56.1 cm) m length as measured along the longitudinal axis A'-A' (about 23.6 inches (60 cm) as measured from the base 32 of each "T").
  • the shorter, vertically extending beams 30 can be spaced at varying distances from each other horizontally and the longer, horizontally extending beams 26 can be spaced from each other varying distances from each other vertically to create differing effects, different sized openings or varied appearances for the composite panels that are configured to fit within the openings. As shown in Fig.
  • the beams 30 are spaced so that they are about 37.1 inches (94.2 cm) apart (about 38.6 inches (98 cm) as measured horizontally along longitudinal axis A-A between the bases 32 of each "T")-
  • a composite panel configured to fit within the opening, preferably snuggly, should, but need not, extend between the base 32 of each "T" beam in the interlocking inner frame so that for the composite panels (and respective openings) the preferred dimensions would be about 37.5 inches (121 cm) by about 23 inches (58.4 cm).
  • the dimensions may be varied from the preferred embodiment depending on the design and intended use of the door.
  • standard frame or "A" and "T" beams need not be used and custom designed pieces may be substituted provided they can secure panels within the inner frame as described herein.
  • a separate, lattice 36 as shown in Fig. 6 is preferably provided to the plug door. While lattice 36 is preferred for additional security, the composite panels may be otherwise secured within the inner frame. If an additional lattice such as lattice 36 is provided, it preferably has dimensions that correspond to the dimensions of the inner frame 16.
  • the cross-section of such lattice 36 preferably is configured so as to provide a counter surface on the opposite side of the composite panel from the "T" or other configuration used to form the inner frame as best shown in Fig. 11.
  • the cross-section of the lattice 36 is either formed of flat plate, "C"-channel or other suitable raw stock material as shown in Fig.
  • a preferred "C"-channel as shown in Fig. 7 could be of a size that is about 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) along its base and about 0.56 inch (1.42 cm) on either shorter leg 37 of the "C".
  • the "C"- channel is preferably about 0.19 inches (0.48 cm) in thickness, however, the size and configuration of the "C"-channel or other lattice piece (like other portions of the inner frame, may vary in size and thickness).
  • fasteners, adhesives, clips and/or sealants may be used to connect and/or attach the lattice to the inner frame.
  • welds or similar joining mechanisms or fasteners may be used to attach shorter vertical pieces 38 to the longer horizontal pieces 40.
  • Bolts or other fasteners may be located near the edges and at the intersections of the vertical and horizontal pieces 38, 40 of the lattice. In the preferred embodiment shown, there are about 68, 54 -13 bolts located as shown, however, more or less such fasteners may be used, and if the lattice is of a one-piece unitary construction, fasteners may be optional.
  • the composite panels for use in the invention preferably include an interior reinforcing core and an outer skin or skins of thermoformable or other suitable material such as thermosetting plastics, plywood or other materials, preferably, however, it is thermoformable material.
  • the outer skin may, for example, be molded around the core as a single layer which coats the entire core or may be formed of two separate skins of the same or different thermoformable or other suitable material that are then joined along their periphery using various techniques, such as, for example, heat bonding or similar polymer welding or joining techniques or directly forming or bonding the skins to the panel using adhesives or heat fusion, for example.
  • the entire structure can be reinforced thermoformable material and the core can be optional.
  • the core can be any suitable core material that is capable of providing the desired strengthening properties.
  • the core material is of a generally lower mass material than the outer skins.
  • Exemplary core materials include aluminum rod, honeycomb (which may be aluminum or plastic honeycomb), balsa wood, plywood or combinations thereof.
  • Most preferred as a core material is a honeycomb aluminum core of about 0.5 inch (1.3 cm) that is generally formed of a thickness of about 0.55 inches (1.4 cm) from aluminum of about 0.02 inch (0.05 cm) thickness.
  • the skin material may be formed of a wide variety of materials as noted above.
  • thermoformable material it may be any suitable heat moldable plastic, and preferably thermoplastic material, including polyolefin (polypropylene and polyethylenes and their copolymers), polystyrenes and other polymeric dienes and butadienes (such as polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), polycarbonates, polyarylene ethers (such as PEEK 5 PEK and PEKK) 5 polyurethanes, polyimides and polyetherimides. Additionally, grafted, random and block copolymers of such materials may also be used to optimize physical properties for different uses of the doors of the invention. Most preferably an inexpensive, easily moldable material such as a polyolefm, and more preferably a polyethylene is used. In the preferred railcar plug door embodiment, the most preferred thermoformable material is high density polyethylene (HDPE).
  • HDPE high density polyethylene
  • thermoformable materials noted above for use may also include any of a variety of molding additives known in the art or to be developed for adjusting the properties of the plastic for preferred uses, including plasticizers, stabilizers, UV absorbers, flame retardants, fillers, reinforcing fibers, particles or whiskers, conductive fillers for charge dissipation, rheological or wear-resistant additives and the like.
  • Exemplary molded composite panels are shown, for example in Figs. 8 and 9.
  • the panels are molded so as to exhibit a design showing crossed reinforcing ribs 44 (also shown in Fig. 1).
  • the ribs are optional, and corrugations or other designs may be used as desired, and the panels may also optionally be flat or have patterns, logos or other designs or written information embossed in their exterior.
  • Fig. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a portion of an exemplary panel having an aluminum honeycomb core material. In its thickest portion as shown, the thickness is about 1.3 inches (3.3 cm) and at its narrowest thickness, it is about 1.05 inches (2.67 cm).
  • Exemplary preferred composite railcar plug door panels made according to the invention having 2 ft X 3 ft (61 cm X 91 cm) dimensions and a skin of high density polyethylene of about 0.02 inch (0.05 cm) in thickness over an aluminum 5052, 0.5 inch (1.27 cm) web with 0.0025 inch (0.0064 cm) foil at 0.55 inch (1.40 cm) thick, deflected 0.192 in.
  • gaps and spaces within the overall door structure should be sealed or otherwise filled.
  • a material may be provided between the frame and the various composite panels, wherein the material is selected from a sealant, a flexible structure, caulking or combinations thereof.
  • sealant may be placed between the composite doors 42 and the outer frame 14 along portions of the "L" pieces 22 and can be placed around the entire periphery or only a portion or portions thereof.
  • sealant 39 is illustrated as being placed on either side of the composite panels 42 between the panels and the inner frame 14 along one of the "T'"s 32 and between the panels 42 and the lattice 36.
  • the panels may also be further secured by placing fasteners for holding the composite panels within the openings in the frame in various locations.
  • strength support and security may be provided by adding at least one cross brace (not shown) across the entire door structure for additional support to the plug door within the frame 12.
  • a plug door according to the invention may be operated using any acceptable crank or other door operating mechanism, including other hardware such as existing locks, levers, rollers and the like which are known in the art or to be developed.
  • the invention also includes a method for forming a plug door.
  • the method includes forming an outer frame defining an outer periphery of the plug door, forming an inner frame configured to fit within the outer frame, wherein the inner frame defines at least two openings; securing the inner frame within the outer frame; and placing a composite panel within each of the at least two openings.
  • the outer frame and inner frame used in the method may be those frame portions described above with respect to plug door 10 and may be two independently formed structures, or, as noted above, formed as one unitary structure.
  • the inner frame should be configured so as to have at least two openings such as openings 18 within the frame. [0046]
  • the frame should is preferably secured so as to place the inner frame within the outer frame and securing the two together such as by a fastener system, for example, the bolts described above.
  • a further lattice such as lattice 36 may then be placed on the opposite side of the panels from the inner frame for additional security.
  • the composite panels in the method are preferably formed of one or two outer skins of any of the suitable materials discussed above, including thermoformable materials.
  • the outer skin(s) may be formed by separately extruding each skin or by coextruding two skins around a central core, or by directly applying skins to a core such as by heat fusion, adhesives or any other suitable techniques. If the outer skins are separately formed, then can be bonded either adhesively or thermally around their outer periphery to seal the skins. If a core is used, the core is preferably positioned within the skins before sealing them.
  • the outer skins after extrusion if formed of thermoformable materials, can also be thermoformed into a desired shape of the composite panels for various effects (such as the panels having a "cross" design as shown in Fig. 1) prior to sealing the outer skins around any core reinforcing material or the panels may be heat stamped or molded to have such as design after the panel is formed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des portes composites qui se composent d'un cadre définissant au moins deux ouvertures et d'au moins deux panneaux composites placés à l'intérieur des ouvertures du cadre. Ces portes composites sont de préférence utilisées comme portes encastrées sur des wagons.
PCT/US2007/008199 2006-03-31 2007-03-29 Porte encastrée composite utilisée sur des wagons Ceased WO2007117389A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/396,198 US20070245672A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2006-03-31 Composite plug door for use on railcars
US11/396,198 2006-03-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007117389A2 true WO2007117389A2 (fr) 2007-10-18
WO2007117389A3 WO2007117389A3 (fr) 2008-10-02

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2007/008199 Ceased WO2007117389A2 (fr) 2006-03-31 2007-03-29 Porte encastrée composite utilisée sur des wagons

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20070245672A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007117389A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010066537A3 (fr) * 2008-12-10 2010-10-07 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Logement pour un appareil électroménager
CN104912450A (zh) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-16 南京康尼机电股份有限公司 一种整体成型的复合门扇及其制造方法
EP2993103A1 (fr) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-09 Vapor Europe S.r.l. A Wabtec Company Dispositif de battant de porte pour véhicules de transport en commun
US11305478B2 (en) * 2016-11-08 2022-04-19 Altec Industries, Inc. Door assembly for use on a utility truck

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US9091112B2 (en) * 2013-03-04 2015-07-28 Scott R. Millman Security panels for covering window and door openings in building structures
CN104747025B (zh) * 2015-03-23 2016-07-13 江苏美龙航空部件有限公司 一种高速列车塞拉门的门板结构

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010066537A3 (fr) * 2008-12-10 2010-10-07 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Logement pour un appareil électroménager
EP2993103A1 (fr) * 2014-09-08 2016-03-09 Vapor Europe S.r.l. A Wabtec Company Dispositif de battant de porte pour véhicules de transport en commun
CN104912450A (zh) * 2015-06-03 2015-09-16 南京康尼机电股份有限公司 一种整体成型的复合门扇及其制造方法
US11305478B2 (en) * 2016-11-08 2022-04-19 Altec Industries, Inc. Door assembly for use on a utility truck
US12384093B2 (en) 2016-11-08 2025-08-12 Altec Industries, Inc. Door assembly for use on utility truck

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007117389A3 (fr) 2008-10-02
US20070245672A1 (en) 2007-10-25

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