WO2007100033A1 - 色素増感光電変換素子 - Google Patents
色素増感光電変換素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007100033A1 WO2007100033A1 PCT/JP2007/053885 JP2007053885W WO2007100033A1 WO 2007100033 A1 WO2007100033 A1 WO 2007100033A1 JP 2007053885 W JP2007053885 W JP 2007053885W WO 2007100033 A1 WO2007100033 A1 WO 2007100033A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/636—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising heteroaromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/0075—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes the polymethine chain being part of an heterocyclic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/0091—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes having only one heterocyclic ring at one end of the methine chain, e.g. hemicyamines, hemioxonol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/14—Styryl dyes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/14—Styryl dyes
- C09B23/143—Styryl dyes the ethylene chain carrying a COOH or a functionally modified derivative, e.g.-CN, -COR, -COOR, -CON=, C6H5-CH=C-CN
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/14—Styryl dyes
- C09B23/145—Styryl dyes the ethylene chain carrying an heterocyclic residue, e.g. heterocycle-CH=CH-C6H5
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M14/00—Electrochemical current or voltage generators not provided for in groups H01M6/00 - H01M12/00; Manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F10/00—Individual photovoltaic cells, e.g. solar cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/631—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine
- H10K85/633—Amine compounds having at least two aryl rest on at least one amine-nitrogen atom, e.g. triphenylamine comprising polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons as substituents on the nitrogen atom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2004—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/615—Polycyclic condensed aromatic hydrocarbons, e.g. anthracene
- H10K85/621—Aromatic anhydride or imide compounds, e.g. perylene tetra-carboxylic dianhydride or perylene tetracarboxylic di-imide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/655—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom comprising only sulfur as heteroatom
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photoelectric conversion element having a thin film of semiconductor fine particles sensitized with an organic dye, and a solar cell using the photoelectric conversion element. Specifically, the present invention relates to a photoelectric conversion element in which a methine compound (pigment) having a specific structure is supported on a thin film of oxide semiconductor fine particles and a solar cell using the photoelectric conversion element.
- This photoelectric conversion element is manufactured using a relatively inexpensive oxide semiconductor such as acid titanium, and there is a possibility that a photoelectric conversion element with a lower cost than that of a conventional solar cell using silicon or the like may be obtained. Also, more attention is paid to the fact that colorful solar cells can be obtained! However, the conversion efficiency is high, and ruthenium-based complexes are used as sensitizing dyes to obtain devices. The cost of the dyes themselves is high, and there is still a problem in their supply. Attempts have also been made to use organic dyes as sensitizing dyes, but the current situation is that conversion efficiency, stability and durability have not yet been put into practical use. Is desired (see Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3). In addition, with respect to the photoelectric conversion element of the present invention, attempts have been made on solid electrolytes and the like (see Non-Patent Document 3), and element development with excellent durability is required.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 2664194
- Patent Document 2 WO2002Z010213
- Patent Document 3 WO 2004Z082061
- Non-patent literature l B. O'Regan and M. Graetzel Nature, 353, 737 (1991)
- Non-patent literature 2 MKNazeeruddin, A. Kay, I. Rodico, R. Humphry-Baker, E. Muller, P. Liska, N. Vlachopoulos, M. Graetzel, J. Am. Chem. Soc, 115, 6382 (1993)
- Non-Patent Document 3 W. Kubo, K. Murakoshi, T. Kitamura, K .Hanabusa, H. Shirai, and S. Yan agida, Chem. Lett., 1241 (1998)
- the present inventors have sensitized a thin film of semiconductor fine particles using a methine dye having a specific structure to produce a photoelectric conversion element.
- the inventors have found that a photoelectric conversion element having a stable and high conversion efficiency can be obtained, and have completed the present invention.
- a photoelectric conversion element obtained by supporting a methine dye represented by the following formula (1) on a thin film of oxide semiconductor fine particles provided on a substrate,
- n represents an integer of 0 to 5
- m represents an integer of 0 to 5.
- X and Y are each independently a hydrogen atom, an aromatic residue which may have a substituent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent, a carboxyl group, a phosphate group, a sulfonic acid group, Represents a cyano group, an acyl group, an amide group or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- X and Y may combine to form a ring that may have a substituent.
- z represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom or NR.
- R has a hydrogen atom and a substituent.
- m is 2 or more and there are multiple Zs, each Z may be the same as or different from each other.
- A, A, A, A and A are each independently a hydrogen atom or an aromatic group that may have a substituent.
- n 2 or more and there are multiple A and A,
- a and A may be the same or different from each other. If n is other than 0, A and
- n is other than 0 and m is 0, A and Z or A and Z or A is accompanied by a benzene ring a.
- a ring which may have a substituent may be formed.
- m is 2 or more and A
- a and A may be the same or different from each other.
- a and a plurality of A and A may form a ring that may have a substituent.
- a and Z or A may be a ring which may have a substituent with a benzene ring a.
- the benzene ring a is an aromatic residue which may have a substituent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent, a hydroxyl group, a phosphate group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a halogen atom, a carboxyl Group, carbonamide group, alkoxy carbo group, aryl carbonate group, alkoxyl group, aryloxy group, amide group, acetamido group, acyl group and substituted or unsubstituted amino group force selected 1 to 4 May have one substituent.
- the substituents Or A and Z or A and Z or A, or A and Z or A
- a ring that may have a ring may be formed.
- the benzene ring b is an aromatic residue which may have a substituent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent, a hydroxyl group, a phosphate group, a cyan group, a nitro group, a halogen atom, a carboxyl Group, carbonamide group, alkoxy carbo group, aryl carbo group, alkoxyl group, allyloxy group, amide group, acetamido group, acyl group and substituted or unsubstituted amino group force selected 1 to 3 It may have a substituent.
- the benzene ring c is an aromatic residue which may have a substituent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent, a hydroxyl group, a phosphate group, a cyano group, a nitrogen group, a halogen atom, Carboxyl group, Carboxamide group, Alkoxycarbol group, Arylcarbol group, Alkoxyl group, Aryloxy group, Amido group, Acetamido group, Acyl group and Substituent or unsubstituted amino group Force selected 1 to 4 It may have a substituent.
- n is 0, m is 1, Z is a sulfur atom, X is a carboxyl group, Y is a cyano group, A, A and A are each a hydrogen atom, and R to R force methyl group
- R to R in formula (1) or formula (2) are saturated alkyls each having 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
- the photoelectric conversion device according to (4) which is an alkyl group
- X and Y in Formula (1) or Formula (2) are each independently a carboxyl group, a cyano group or an acyl group (provided that either X or Y is a carboxyl group.) (7) ) Item of photoelectric conversion element,
- At least one of X and Y in formula (1) or formula (2) is selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a phosphate group, a sulfonate group, and a salt of these acidic groups.
- the photoelectric conversion device according to item (7) which is a ring structure group having at least one group as a substituent,
- * is the bond between X and Y in formula 1) or formula 2). Carbon atom
- At least one of the plurality of A and A has a substituent.
- the photoelectric conversion element according to any one of items (1) to (15), which is an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue that may be
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon residue may have a substituent and may be! /, Or may be a saturated alkyl group (16).
- the photoelectric conversion element according to (17), wherein the photoelectric conversion element according to (17), which has the above-mentioned substituent, may be a saturated alkyl group n-hexyl group;
- n force ⁇ ) to 5 m is 0 to 5
- Z is composed of oxygen atom, sulfur atom, selenium atom, amino-containing N-methylamino and N-phenylamino.
- Group forces are selected, R and R are the same, R and R are the same, and R to R are hydrogen
- X and Y are hydrogen atoms, It is a group selected from the group consisting of carboxylate, phosphate group, acetyl and trifluoroacetyl (in this case, either X or Y is a carboxyl group).
- one of X and Y is a group represented by the above formulas (1001) to (1033), and the other is a hydrogen atom, or X and Y form a ring, and the ring is represented by the above formula (2001) to Group power consisting of the group represented by (2044) is a group selected (in formulas (2001) to (2044)! /, * Is the carbon atom to which X and Y in formula (1) are bonded) Shows).
- a to A are hydrogen, methyl, chlorine,
- Z is a sulfur atom
- R to R are unsubstituted straight chain C1 to C 18 alkyl group
- benzene rings a, b, c are
- a photoelectric conversion element comprising the methine dye according to item (21), wherein the unsubstituted linear alkyl is C4 to C8 in formula (1),
- One or more of the methine dyes represented by the formula (1) described in the item (1), a metal complex, and Z or a formula other than the formula (1) is formed on the thin film of oxide semiconductor fine particles provided on the substrate A photoelectric conversion element carrying an organic dye having a structure;
- a thin film of an oxide semiconductor fine particle sensitized by a methine dye carries the methine dye represented by the formula (1) in the presence of an inclusion compound in the thin film of the oxide semiconductor fine particle.
- the photoelectric conversion element according to any one of items (1) to (24),
- the photoelectric conversion element of the present invention is obtained by supporting a methine dye represented by the following formula (1) on a thin film of oxide semiconductor fine particles provided on a substrate.
- n represents an integer of 0 to 5, preferably 0 to 4.
- m represents an integer of 0 to 5, and is preferably 1 to 3, more preferably 1 to 5.
- R to R may each independently have a hydrogen atom or a substituent.
- R 14 is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a hydrogen atom and a substituent, and more preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent.
- a saturated alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms is particularly preferable, and a saturated linear alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- R is R, R is R and it They may be bonded to each other to have a substituent! /, Or may form a ring.
- the aromatic residue in the “aromatic residue optionally having substituent (s)” means a group excluding one aromatic ring hydrogen atom.
- the aromatic ring include aromatic carbon such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, perylene, terylene, hydrogen ring, indene, azulene, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyrazole, virazolidine, thiazolidine, oxazolidine, pyran, Chromene, pyrrole, pyrrolidine, benzimidazole, imidazoline, imidazolidine, imidazole, pyrazole, triazole, triazine, diazole, indoline, thiophene, chenotthiophene, furan, oxazole, oxadiazole, thiazine, thiazole, indole, benzothiazole,
- examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon residue in the “aliphatic hydrocarbon residue optionally having substituent (s)” include saturated and unsaturated linear, branched and cyclic alkyl groups. .
- the carbon number is preferably 1 to 36, more preferably 1 to 18.
- examples of the cyclic alkyl group include cycloalkyl having 3 to 8 carbon atoms.
- these aliphatic hydrocarbon residues include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropinole, n-butinole, iso-butinole, sec-butinole, t-butinole, n-pentinole, n monohexyl, n —Heptyl, n-octyl, n-nor, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n— Octadecyl, Cyclohexyl, Bull, Probe, Pentinore, Buteninore, Hexeninore, Hexagenenore, Isopropenenore, Isohexenore, Cyclic Hexen
- Substituents in the above-mentioned "having a substituent may be an aromatic residue" and "a substituent having a substituent may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue” are particularly limited. There is no sulfonic acid, sulfur Famoyl, sheared isothiocyanated thiocyanate, isothiocyanate, nitro, nitrosyl, halogen atom, hydroxyl, phosphoric acid, phosphate ester group, substituted or unsubstituted amino group, optionally substituted mercapto group, optionally substituted Good amide group, optionally substituted alkoxyl group, optionally substituted aryloxy group, carboxyl, strong rubamoyl, acyl group, aldehyde, alkoxycarbol group, arylcarbol, etc.
- substituents may include an aromatic residue, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent, and the like.
- the halogen atom include atoms such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. Bromine and chlorine atoms are preferred!
- the phosphoric acid ester group include a phosphoric acid (C1 to C4) alkyl ester group. Preferred examples include methyl phosphate, ethyl phosphate, phosphoric acid (n-propyl), and phosphoric acid (n-butyl).
- substituted or unsubstituted amino group examples include amino-substituted mono- or dimethylami-substituted mono- or jetylami-containing mono- or di- (n-propyl) amino-substituted alkyl-substituted amino groups, mono- or di-phenylamino-containing mono- or dinaphthylamino, and the like.
- Examples thereof include an amino group in which an alkyl group such as an aromatic substituted amino group and a monoalkyl monophenylamino group and an aromatic hydrocarbon residue are substituted one by one, a benzylamino group, an acetylamino group, a phenylacetylamino group, and the like.
- the above mercapto groups may be substituted, and preferred mercapto groups are mercapto and alkyl mercapto groups, specifically methyl mercapto, ethyl mercapto, n-propyl mercapto, isopropyl mercapto, n-butyl mercapto, isobutyl mercapto, sec —C1-C4 alkyl mercapto groups such as butyl mercapto and t-butyl mercapto, or fermercapto.
- the amide group which may be substituted include amide, acetamido and alkylamido groups.
- amide acetoamide
- N-methylamide N-ethylamide
- N— (n-propyl) amide N— (n-butyl) amide
- N-isobutylamide N— (sec-butylamide).
- N- (t-butyl) amide N, N-dimethylamide, N, N-jetylamide, N, N-di (n-propyl) amide, N, N-di (n-butyl) amide, N, N-diisobutylamide, N-methylacetamide, N-ethylacetamide, N- (n-propyl) acetamide, N- (n-butyl) acetamide, N-isobutylacetamide, N- (sec- Butyl) acetamide, N— (t-butyl) acetamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, N, N-jetylacetate
- Examples include amide, N, N di (n-propyl) acetamide, N, N di (n-butyl) acetamide, and N, N-diisobutylacetamide.
- arylamide groups specifically preferred are phenylamide, naphthylamide, phenolacetamide, naphthylacetamide and the like.
- Preferred examples of the alkoxyl group which may have a substituent include methoxy, ethoxy, n propoxy, isopropoxy, n butoxy, isobutoxy, sec butoxy, t-butoxy and the like.
- Preferable examples of the aryloxy group which may have a substituent include a phenoxy group and a naphthoxy group. These may have a phenyl group or a methyl group as a substituent.
- Examples of the asil group include an alkyl carbo yl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and an aryl carbonyl group.
- Preferred is an alkylcarboyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and specific examples include acetyl, propiool, trifluoromethyl carbo yl, pentafluoroethyl carboyl, benzoyl, naphthoyl and the like.
- Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include an alkoxycarbonyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.
- aryl carbonate group represents a group in which an aryl group such as benzophenone and naphthophenone and a carbole are linked. It is also possible to have the above-mentioned substituents as "substituents"! It is also possible to have aromatic residues and substituents. V, aliphatic hydrocarbon residues are those listed above Same as ok! ,.
- X and Y are each independently a hydrogen atom, an aromatic residue that may have a substituent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue that may have a substituent, carboxyl, Represents phosphoric acid, sulfonic acid, cyano group, acyl group, amide group or alkoxy carbo group which may be substituted.
- the aromatic residue which may have a substituent here, the aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent, an acyl group, an amide group which may be substituted, and an alkoxycarbol group are: It may be the same as described in the above RR section.
- X and Y are each independently More preferably, it is a carboxyl group, a cyano group or a acyl group (provided that either X or Y is a carboxyl group), one of which is carboxyl and the other of which is cyan or acyl. It is especially preferred that one is carboxyl and the other is cyan.
- at least one of X and Y is a ring having at least one group selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, a phosphate group, and a sulfonate group as a substituent. Even if it is a group having a structure, the group having the ring structure is preferably represented by the following formulas (1001) to (1033).
- X and Y may combine to form a ring that may have a substituent.
- Examples of the ring that may be formed by combining X and ⁇ include rings represented by the following formulas (2001) to (2044). Of these, the ring structure having a carboxyl group as a substituent is preferable (2007) or (2012), and (2007) is very preferable. That's right.
- Z represents an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a selenium atom or NR.
- R has a hydrogen atom, an aromatic residue which may have a substituent, or a substituent.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent and may have an aromatic group and the aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent are the same as those described in the above R to R sections.
- each Z may be the same as or different from each other.
- A, A, A, A and A may be the same or different from each other.
- substituents may be an aromatic residue, may have a substituent, may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue, a halogen atom, an amide group that may have a substituent, an alkoxyl group, an aryl group.
- substituents may be an aromatic residue, may have a substituent, may be an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue, a halogen atom, an amide group that may have a substituent, an alkoxyl group, an aryl group.
- Each A may be the same or different from each other.
- the ring may have a group, and the ring may have a substituent, may have an unsaturated hydrocarbon ring or a substituent, and may include a heterocyclic ring.
- Examples of the unsaturated hydrocarbon ring include benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, indene, azulene, fluorene, cyclobutene, cyclohexene, cyclopentene, cyclohexagen, cyclopentagene, and the like.
- Examples of heterocycles include pyran, pyridine, pyrazine, piperidine, indoline, oxazonole, thiazonole, Examples include thiadiazole, oxadiazole, indole, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, quinoline, carbazole, and benzopyran.
- these substituents which may have a substituent may include the above-mentioned “having a substituent, may be an aromatic residue” and “having a substituent. May be the same as those described in the section of the substituent in the “aliphatic hydrocarbon residue”.
- the ring which can be formed is a heterocyclic ring which may have a substituent and they have carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, etc.
- these rings which may form a cyclic ketone or a cyclic thioketone, etc. May further have a substituent.
- substituent those described in the section of the substituent in the above-mentioned “aromatic residue which may have a substituent” and “aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent” Same as above.
- a and A may form a ring that may have a substituent.
- Examples of the ring that may have a substituent include an unsaturated hydrocarbon ring that may have a substituent or a substituent that may have a substituent, and a heterocyclic ring.
- At least one of the plurality of A and A has a substituent.
- V is good, but is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue. It is preferable that the aliphatic hydrocarbon residue is a saturated alkyl group which may have a substituent. It is very particularly preferable that A in the formula (1) or (2) is an n-hexyl group, which is particularly preferably a -hexyl group.
- the benzene ring a is an aromatic residue that may have a substituent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue that may have a substituent, a hydroxyl group, a phosphate group, a cyano group.
- substituents are mutually, or A and
- 5 may have a substituent or may form a ring. It may have a substituent, an aromatic residue, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent, a halogen atom, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an arylcarbol group, an alkoxyl group, an aryloxy group, an amide A group, an acyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted amino group,
- the benzene ring b is an aromatic residue that may have a substituent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue that may have a substituent, a hydroxyl group, a phosphate group, Cyano group, Nitro group, Halogen atom, Carboxyl group, Carboxamide group, Alkoxycarbon group, Aryl carbon group, Alkoxyl group, Aryloxy group, Amide group, Acetamido group, Acyl group and substituted or unsubstituted amino It may have 1 to 3 substituents selected as the group power of the basic force.
- An aromatic residue which may have a substituent an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent, a halogen atom, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an arylcarbonyl group, an alkoxyl group, an aryloxy group, an amide group
- the acyl group and the substituted or unsubstituted amino group may be the same as those described in the above R to R sections.
- the benzene ring c is an aromatic residue that may have a substituent, an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue that may have a substituent, a hydroxyl group, a phosphate group, Cyano group, Nitro group, Halogen atom, Carboxyl group, Carboxamide group, Alkoxycarbon group, Aryl carbon group, Alkoxyl group, Aryloxy group, Amide group, Acetamido group, Acyl group and substituted or unsubstituted amino It may have 1 to 4 substituents selected from the group power of the basic force.
- An aromatic residue which may have a substituent an aliphatic hydrocarbon residue which may have a substituent, a halogen atom, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an arylcarbonyl group, an alkoxyl group, an aryloxy group, an amide group
- the acyl group and the substituted or unsubstituted amino group may be the same as those described in the above R to R sections.
- n force, m is 1
- Z is a sulfur atom
- X is a carboxyl group
- Y is a cyano group
- A, A and A are each a hydrogen atom
- the methine dye represented by the above formula (1) or formula (2) has an acidic group such as a carboxyl group, a phosphate group, a hydroxyl group, and a sulfonic acid as a substituent, It may be formed.
- the salt include salts with alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium, or alkaline earth metals such as magnesium and calcium, or organic bases such as tetramethylammonium, tetraptylammonium, pyridinium and imidazolium. And salt such as quaternary ammonium salt such as piperajuum and piperijum.
- the methine dye represented by the above formula (1) or formula (2) may take a structural isomer such as a cis isomer, a trans isomer, or a racemate, but is not particularly limited. Any of the isomers can be used favorably as a photosensitizing dye in the present invention.
- n 0 to 5
- m 0 to 5
- Z is a group selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom, a thio atom, a selenium atom, an amino-containing N-methylamino and N-phenylamino, R and R are the same, R and R are the same, and R to R are hydrogen atoms, linear
- Unsubstituted C1-C18 alkyl, cyclopentyl, phenol, black mouth ethyl and acetyl group are selected groups, and X and Y are hydrogen atoms, sialic carboxyls, phosphoric acid A group selected from the group, acetyl and trifluoroacetyl (however, in this case, one of X and Y is a carboxyl group).
- X and Y is a group represented by the above formulas (1001) to (1033) and the other is a hydrogen atom, or X and Y form a ring, and the ring is represented by the above formula (2001)
- Group power consisting of groups represented by ⁇ (2044) is also a group selected (in formulas (2001) ⁇ (2044)! /, Where * is the combination of X and Y in formula (1)) Represents a carbon atom).
- a to A are hydrogen atoms, methyl, chlorine atoms, sheared n-hex
- n is 0, m is 1 to 3, Z is a sulfur atom, R to R are unsubstituted linear C1-C18 alkyl groups, and a benzene ring a, b, c Yes
- X and Y are unsubstituted, and one of X and Y is a carboxyl group and the other is a cyano group, or the ring formed by combining X and Y is represented by the above formulas (2005), (2007) and (2012) Force is a group selected, and A, A and A are a combination of hydrogen atoms (where n is
- m 0, m is 1, Z is a sulfur atom, X is a carboxyl group, Y is a cyano group, A, A and
- the counter ion for neutralizing the positive charge of the nitrogen atom is formed either intermolecularly or intramolecularly. May be.
- Preferred counterions between molecules include iodine, perchloric acid, bistrifluoromethylsulfonimide, tristrifluoromethylsulfurmethane, 6-fluoroantimonic acid, tetrafluoroboric acid and the like.
- Preferred counter ions in the molecule include 2-ethyl acetate, propionate-3-yl and sulfone-2-yl bonded to a positively charged nitrogen atom.
- the methine dye represented by the above formula (1) can be produced by, for example, the following reaction formula.
- Compound (4) is iodinated to obtain compound (5).
- the compound (5) is derived into the compound (6) or (7) by a substitution reaction or the like, and these and the compound (8) are combined with the compound (9) by the Ullmann reaction or the like.
- the compound (9) is formylated by the Vilsmeier reaction or the like to obtain a carbonyl compound (10).
- the compound having the active methylene represented by the formula (10) and the formula (11) may be used, such as caustic soda, sodium methylate, sodium acetate, jetylamine, triethylamine, piperidine, piperazine, diazabicycloundecene, etc.
- a basic catalyst such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol and other alcohols
- aprotic polar solvents such as dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, and solvents such as toluene, acetic anhydride, and acetonitrile.
- the methine compound (dye) represented by the formula (1) of the present invention is obtained.
- m in the formula (1) is 1 or more
- the compound (9) is subjected to halogenation such as iodination to give the compound (12) and condensed with the boronic acid form (13) to give the compound (
- This compound (14) is formylated by Vilsmeier reaction etc. to give V and a carbonyl compound (15).
- a compound having an active methylene represented by the formula (15) and the formula (11) may be obtained by using caustic soda, sodium methylate, sodium acetate, jetinoleamine, triethinoleamine, piperidine, piperazine, In the presence of a basic catalyst such as diazabicycloundecene, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, aprotic polar solvents such as dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, toluene, acetic anhydride, and acetonitrile.
- a methine compound (dye) represented by the formula (1) of the present invention is obtained by condensation at 20 ° C. to 180 ° C., preferably 50 ° C. to 150 ° C. In the above reaction, when the compound (11) having active methylene has an ester group, it is also possible to obtain a carboxylic acid form by hydrolysis after the condensation reaction.
- methine dyes represented by the formula (1) being methine dyes represented by the following formula (17) are shown in Tables 6 to 10.
- Ph means a phenyl group.
- (1001) to (1033) notation corresponds to the above formulas (1001) to (1033), and (2001) to (2017) corresponds to the above formulas (2001) to (2017).
- X and Y have substituents
- the substrate on which the thin film of the acid semiconductor fine particles is provided is preferably one having a conductive surface, but such a substrate can be easily obtained in the field.
- Conductive metal oxides such as tin oxide doped with indium, fluorine and antimony, and thin films of metals such as copper, silver and gold on the surface of glass, transparent polymer materials such as polyethylene terephthalate or polyethersulfone
- the provided one can be used as a substrate.
- the conductivity is preferably 1000 ⁇ or less, preferably 100 ⁇ or less.
- metal oxides are preferred as fine particles of oxide semiconductors, and specific examples thereof include oxides such as titanium, tin, zinc, tungsten, zirconium, gallium, indium, yttrium, -ov, tantalum, and vanadium. Can be mentioned. Of these, acid oxides such as titanium, tin, zinc, niobium and indium are preferred. Of these, acid titanium, zinc oxide and acid tin are most preferred. These oxide semiconductors can be used singly or can be used by being mixed on the surface of the semiconductor.
- the particle diameter of the oxide semiconductor fine particles is usually 1 to 500 nm, preferably 1 to 100 nm, as an average particle diameter.
- the fine particles of the oxide semiconductor can be mixed with a large particle size and a small particle size, or can be used in multiple layers.
- a method using a slurry is preferable. In this method, the slurry is obtained by dispersing the secondary agglomerated oxide semiconductor fine particles in a dispersion medium by an ordinary method so that the average primary particle size is 1 to 200 nm.
- any medium capable of dispersing the semiconductor fine particles may be used.
- Water, alcohols such as ethanol, ketones such as acetone and acetylacetone, hydrocarbons such as hexane and the like may be used in combination.
- a dispersion stabilizer can be used for the purpose of stabilizing the dispersion state of the oxide semiconductor fine particles. Available dispersion Examples of the stabilizer include acids such as acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid, or organic solvents such as acetylylacetone, allylic acid, polyethylene glycol, and polybutyl alcohol.
- the substrate coated with the slurry may be fired.
- the firing temperature is usually 100 ° C or higher, preferably 200 ° C or higher, and the upper limit is generally below the melting point (softening point) of the substrate. Usually, the upper limit is 900 ° C, preferably 600 ° C or less.
- the firing time is not particularly limited but is preferably within 4 hours.
- the thickness of the thin film on the substrate is usually 1 to 200 ⁇ m, preferably 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- a secondary treatment may be applied to the thin film of the oxide semiconductor fine particles. That is, for example, the performance of the thin film of semiconductor fine particles is improved by immersing the thin film together with the substrate directly in a solution of the same metal alkoxide, chloride, nitride, sulfate, etc. as the semiconductor and drying or refiring.
- the metal alkoxide include titanium ethoxide, titanium isopropoxide, titanium tert-oxide, and n-dibutyl-diacetyl tin, and alcohol solutions thereof are used.
- the salted product include tetrasalt-titanium, tetrasalt-zinc, and salt-zinc, and an aqueous solution thereof is used.
- the oxide semiconductor thin film thus obtained is composed of fine particles of an oxide semiconductor.
- a solution obtained by dissolving the dye in a solvent capable of dissolving the dye, or a dye having low solubility is obtained by dispersing the dye.
- a method in which the substrate provided with the thin film of oxide semiconductor fine particles is immersed in the dispersion is appropriately determined depending on the dye.
- a substrate provided with a thin film of semiconductor fine particles is immersed in the solution. Immersion temperature is about room temperature, up to the boiling point of the solvent, and immersion time is about 48 hours per minute.
- a salt such as tramethylammo-mudide or tetra-n-butylammonium bromide to dissolve the dye.
- Concentration of the dye solution is usually good tool preferably 1 X 10- 6 M ⁇ 1M 1 X 10- 5 M ⁇ 1 X is 10. After immersion, air-dry or heat as necessary to remove the solvent.
- the photoelectric conversion element of the present invention having a thin film of oxide semiconductor fine particles sensitized with the methine dye of formula (1) is obtained.
- the methine dye of the formula (1) to be supported may be one kind or a mixture of several kinds.
- the methine dyes of the formula (1) of the present invention may be used together, or other dyes or metal complex dyes may be mixed.
- dyes having different absorption wavelengths a wide absorption wavelength can be used, and a solar cell with high conversion efficiency can be obtained.
- metal complex dyes that can be mixed are not particularly limited, but ruthenium complexes and quaternary ammonium salt compounds, phthalocyanines, porphyrins and the like shown in Non-Patent Document 2 are preferable.
- organic dyes used in combination include metal-free phthalocyanine, porphyrin, cynin, merocyanine, oxonol, triphenylmethane, methine dyes such as acrylic acid dyes disclosed in Patent Document 2, xanthene, azo And dyes such as anthraquinone and perylene.
- a ruthenium complex is preferably a methine dye such as merocyanine or acrylic acid. When two or more dyes are used, the dyes may be adsorbed sequentially on the thin film of semiconductor particles, or may be admixed and dissolved.
- the ratio of the dye to be mixed is not particularly limited, and optimization conditions are appropriately selected from the respective dyes. In general, it is preferable to use about 10% mol or more per dye, from equimolar mixing.
- the total concentration of the dye in the solution may be the same as when only one kind is supported.
- the solvent in the case of using a mixture of dyes the above-mentioned solvents can be used, and the solvent for each dye used may be the same or different.
- the dye When the dye is supported on the thin film of oxide semiconductor fine particles, it is advantageous to support the dye in the presence of the inclusion compound in order to prevent the association of the dyes.
- inclusion compounds include steroidal compounds such as cholic acid, crown ethers, cyclodextrins, calixarene, and polyethylene oxide. Specific examples of preferable ones are Examples include cholic acids such as xycholic acid, dehydrodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, methyl ester cholic acid, sodium cholate, and polyethylene oxide.
- the semiconductor fine particle thin film may be treated with an amine compound such as 4-t-butylpyridine.
- a treatment method for example, a method of immersing a substrate provided with a thin film of semiconductor fine particles carrying a dye in an ethanol solution of amine is employed.
- the solar cell of the present invention is composed of a photoelectric conversion element in which a dye is supported on a thin film of oxide semiconductor fine particles as one electrode, and is composed of a counter electrode, a redox electrolyte, a hole transport material, a p-type semiconductor, or the like.
- a redox electrolyte As the form of the redox electrolyte, hole transport material, p-type semiconductor, etc., those known per se such as liquid, solidified body (gel and gel) and solid can be used.
- liquids include redox electrolytes, molten salts, hole transport materials, p-type semiconductors, etc., each dissolved in a solvent and room temperature molten salts.
- a solidified body those in which these are contained in a polymer matrix, a low molecular gelling agent or the like can be mentioned.
- solid materials redox electrolytes, molten salts, hole transport materials, P-type semiconductors, and the like can be used.
- hole transport materials include amine polymers, conductive polymers such as polyacetylene, polyarine, and polythiophene, and triphenylene compounds.
- p-type semiconductors include Cul and CuSCN.
- the counter electrode it is preferable to have conductivity and to act catalytically on the reduction reaction of the redox electrolyte.
- a glass or polymer film deposited with platinum, carbon, rhodium, ruthenium or the like or coated with conductive fine particles can be used.
- the redox electrolyte used in the solar cell of the present invention includes a halogen compound having a halogen ion as a counter ion, a halogenate-reduced electrolyte having a molecular molecular force, a ferrocyanate, ferricyanate, and a ferrite.
- a halogen redox electrolyte such as metal complexes such as potassium complex ions and cobalt complexes, and organic acid reduction electrolytes such as alkylthiol alkyldisulfides, piorogen dyes, and hydroquinone-quinone.
- a halogen redox electrolyte is preferable.
- halogen molecules in the halogenated acid-reducing electrolyte having a halogen compound-halogen molecular force examples include iodine molecules and bromine molecules. Among these, iodine molecules are preferable.
- halogen compounds having a halogen ion as a counter ion for example, LiBr, NaBr, KBr, L Halogenated metal salts such as N, Nal, KI, Csl, Cal, Mgl, Cul or tetraalkyl
- Examples include halogen organic quaternary ammonium salts such as ammoniac, imidazolium, and pyridinum. Of these, salts using iodine ions as counter ions are preferred. In addition to the above iodine ions, it is also preferable to use an electrolyte having an imide ion such as bis (trifluoromethanesulfol) imide ion or dicyanimide ion as a counter ion.
- an imide ion such as bis (trifluoromethanesulfol) imide ion or dicyanimide ion
- an electrochemically inert solvent is used as the solvent.
- acetonitrile propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, 3-methoxypropio-tolyl, methoxyacetonitrile, ethylene glycol, 3-methyloxazolidine-2-one, and ⁇ -butyrolatone.
- acetonitrile propylene carbonate
- ethylene carbonate 3-methoxypropio-tolyl
- methoxyacetonitrile ethylene glycol, 3-methyloxazolidine-2-one
- ⁇ -butyrolatone e.g., acetonitrile, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, 3-methoxypropio-tolyl, methoxyacetonitrile, ethylene glycol, 3-methyloxazolidine-2-one, and ⁇ -butyrolatone.
- a gel electrolyte an electrolyte or an electrolyte solution is added to a matrix such as an oligomer and a polymer, or a low molecular gelling agent described in Non-
- the solar cell of the present invention has a counter electrode sandwiched between electrodes of a photoelectric conversion element in which a methine dye of the formula (1) of the present invention is supported on a thin film of oxide semiconductor fine particles on a substrate. Deploy . In the meantime, it is obtained by filling a solution containing a redox electrolyte.
- odofluorene 20 parts was dissolved in a mixed solution of 114 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 23 parts of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and stirred at 25 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, 8.6 parts of potassium tert-butoxide was added with stirring. After 20 minutes, 14.6 parts of butyl butyl was added, and after another 20 minutes, 8.6 parts of potassium tert-butoxide were added. Twenty minutes later, 14.6 parts of butyl iodide was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C for 2 hours.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- Synthesis Example 7 10 parts of dimethylformamide (DMF) was cooled to 5 ° C, and 0.42 part of phosphorus oxychloride was gradually added while keeping the reaction solution at 6 ° C or lower. After completion of the addition, the reaction solution was stirred for 1 hour while maintaining the temperature at 25 ° C. Thereafter, 1 part of the above compound (347) was added, and the mixture was stirred at 25 ° C for 2 hours, and then stirred at 60 ° C for 1 hour. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was added to 200 parts of water, and a 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added until the pH reached 12 or more.
- DMF dimethylformamide
- the precipitated crystals are filtered, washed with 10 parts of water, dried in water at 70 ° C, separated and purified by column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate), and 0.8 part of the following compound (348) is obtained. Obtained as yellow crystals.
- reaction solution was extracted with ethyl acetate-water, the ethyl acetate phase was dried over magnesium sulfate, and ethyl acetate was distilled off to obtain a red tar-like substance.
- This red tar-like solid was separated and purified by column chromatography (hexane-ethyl acetate) to obtain 0.7 part of the following compound (350) as orange crystals.
- the maximum absorption wavelength and the measured value with a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus of this compound (160) are as follows.
- the above compound (345) was treated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 0.21 part of the compound (350) was 0.2 part of the compound (350) and 0.05 part of the compound (351) was 0.04 part. (269) (See Table 9) 0.14 parts were obtained as black crystals.
- the maximum absorption wavelength and the measured value with a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus of this compound (269) are as follows.
- methine dyes of the present invention to be 3.2 X 10- 4 Micromax Examples 8-13, and Comparative Example 1 (using the following compounds Alpha), using 2 (the following compound B ), 4 (using the following compound D) and 5 (using the following compound E) were dissolved in ethanol, and Examples 14 to 21 and Comparative Example 3 (using the following compound C) were dissolved in tetrahydrofuran.
- a porous substrate (a semiconductor thin film obtained by sintering porous acid titanium for 30 minutes at 450 ° C on a transparent conductive glass electrode) in these solutions is immersed for 12 hours at room temperature (20 ° C), Each dye was supported, Examples 8 to 13, Comparative Examples 1, 2, 4 and 5 were ethanol, and Examples 14 to 21 were compared with each other. Comparative Example 3 was washed with tetrahydrofuran and dried to obtain a photoelectric conversion device of the present invention comprising a thin film of dye-sensitized semiconductor fine particles. About Examples 20 and 21 two dyes each 1. Use to be 6 X 10- 4 Micromax prepare tetrahydrofuran solvent solution, likewise photoelectric By carrying the two dyes A conversion element was obtained.
- Example 9 dye addition to be the 3 X 10- 2 M cholic acid represented by the following formula (352) as a clathrate upon loading of the dye for Comparative Example 1-5
- a solution was prepared and supported on a semiconductor thin film to obtain a cholate-treated dye-sensitized semiconductor fine particle thin film.
- the semiconductor fine particle thin film and the conductive glass sputtered with platinum are opposed to each other, and a 20-micrometer void is formed.
- a solution containing the electrolyte electrolytic solution
- the electrolytes include 3-methoxypropio-tolyl, iodine Z lithium iodide Zl, 2-dimethyl-3-n-propyrimidazolium iodide Zt-butylpyridine, 0.1M / 0. 1M / 0. What was melt
- the effective size of the battery to be measured was 0.25 cm 2 .
- the light source was a 500W xenon lamp, and it was set to lOOmWZcm 2 through an AM (air passing through the atmosphere) 1.5 filter.
- the short-circuit current, the release voltage, and the conversion efficiency were measured using a solar simulator WXS—155S—10, AMI. 5 G (manufactured by Tsubakimu Denso Co., Ltd.).
- Example 11 (compound 13: ⁇ in the above formula (1) was compared under the same conditions, assuming that the thin film was treated with tetrasalt-titanium and adsorbed with cholic acid at the time of adsorption and that there was also a deviation.
- Is 0, m is 0, R to R force -butyl, A is a hydrogen atom, one of X and Y is carboxyl, the other is
- Example 11 has a short-circuit current of 11. ImA / cm 2 , an open-circuit voltage of 0.77 V, and a conversion efficiency of 5.8%.
- Comparative Example 1 is 9.8mAZcm 2 , 0.76V, 4.9%, the open-circuit voltage is equivalent, but the short-circuit current is 13% or more, and the conversion efficiency is 18 More than% battery performance was observed.
- Example 15 has a short-circuit current of 13.8 mA / cm 2 , an open-circuit voltage of 0.72 V, and a conversion efficiency of 6.6%.
- Comparative Example 2 1.
- An increase in battery performance of 17% or more with a short-circuit current, 4% or more with an open-circuit voltage, and a conversion efficiency of 20% was observed, compared to 0.69V and 5.5%.
- Example 18 Compound 160: n in Formula (1) above, n is 0), where the thin film was treated with tetrasalt-titanium and both were treated with cholic acid during adsorption.
- M is 2
- ⁇ R is n-butyl, A, A and A are hydrogen atoms, one of X and Y is carboxyl, the other
- Example 18 is a short-circuit current force. Open circuit voltage 0. 65V, the conversion efficiency is 6. 3% 13. comparative Example 3 Similarly 9mAZcm 2, 0. 65V, also 6. open circuit voltage, whereas the 1% what is equivalent However, an improvement in battery performance of 2% or more at short-circuit current and 3% or more in conversion efficiency was observed.
- Example 16 has a short-circuit current of 15. lm.
- the open-circuit voltage is 0.69V, the conversion efficiency is 6.9%, and the comparative example 4 is also 14.6 mA / cm 2 , 0.668V, 6.7%, while the open-circuit voltage is almost the same.
- an improvement in battery performance of 3% or more for short-circuit current and about 3% for conversion efficiency was observed.
- reaction solution was extracted with 5% aqueous sodium thiosulfate solution chloroform, and the black mouth form phase was dried over magnesium sulfate, and then the black mouth form was distilled off to obtain a yellowish black tar-like substance.
- This yellow-black tar-like solid was separated by column chromatography (hexane) and recrystallized from hexane ethanol to obtain 2.6 parts of the following compound (354) as colorless crystals.
- Example 22 The same treatment as in Example 2 was conducted except that 0.21 part of the compound (345) was changed to 0.24 part of the compound (356) to obtain 0.2 part of the compound (3015) as black purple crystals.
- the maximum absorption wavelength for this compound (3015) is as follows.
- odofluorene 20 parts was dissolved in a mixed solution of 114 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and 23 parts of tetrahydrofuran (THF) and stirred at 25 ° C. for 10 minutes. Thereafter, 8.7 parts of potassium tert-butoxide were added with stirring. After 20 minutes, 13.2 parts of methyl iodide were added, and after another 20 minutes, 8.7 parts of potassium tert-butoxide were added. Twenty minutes later, 13.2 parts of methyl iodide was added and stirred at 25 ° C for 2 hours.
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- THF tetrahydrofuran
- Example 2 The same treatment as in Example 2 was conducted except that 0.121 part of the compound (345) was changed to 0.16 part of the compound (360) to obtain 0.14 part of the compound (3013) as black purple crystals.
- the maximum absorption wavelength, the measured value in the nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus and the mass spectrum are as follows.
- Example 7 The same treatment as in Example 7 was conducted except that 0.05 part of the compound (351) was changed to 0.03 part of barbituric acid to obtain 0.14 part of the compound (3016) as black crystals.
- the maximum absorption wavelength and the measured value with a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus of this compound (3016) are as follows.
- Example 25 The same treatment as in Example 24 was conducted except that 0.003 part of barbituric acid was changed to 0.047 part of dandanine-3 acetic acid to obtain 0.12 part of the above compound (3017) as black crystals.
- the maximum absorption wavelength and the measured value with a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus of this compound (3017) are as follows.
- Example 24 The same treatment as in Example 24 was conducted except that 0.03 part of norbituric acid was changed to 0.034 part of the following compound (361) to obtain 0.09 part of the compound (3018) as black crystals.
- the maximum absorption wavelength of the compound (3018) is as follows.
- Example 2 The same treatment as in Example 1 was conducted except that 0.44 part of the compound (345) was changed to 0.49 part of the compound (363) to obtain 0.3 part of the compound (168) as yellow crystals.
- the maximum absorption wavelength and the measured value with a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus of this compound (168) are as follows.
- the maximum absorption wavelength and the measured value with a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus of this compound (3001) are as follows.
- Example 28 The same treatment as in Example 28 was conducted except that 0.05 part of the above compound (351) was 0.05 part of dandanine-3 acetic acid to obtain 0.16 part of the above compound (3003) as black crystals.
- the maximum absorption wavelength and the measured value with a nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus of this compound (3003) are as follows.
- the compound (346) was treated in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 19 except that 1 part of the compound (346) was changed to 0.26 part of the compound (364) to obtain 0.26 part of the following compound (365) as a yellow solid.
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Description
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| KR1020087021366A KR101317533B1 (ko) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-03-01 | 색소 증감 광전변환소자 |
| CN2007800126544A CN101421359B (zh) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-03-01 | 染料增感型光电转换器件 |
| AU2007221706A AU2007221706B2 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-03-01 | Dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion device |
| US12/224,350 US8735720B2 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-03-01 | Dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion device |
| JP2008502838A JP5106381B2 (ja) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-03-01 | 色素増感光電変換素子 |
| EP07715098A EP1990373B1 (en) | 2006-03-02 | 2007-03-01 | Dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion device |
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Cited By (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20090044857A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
| KR20080104136A (ko) | 2008-12-01 |
| TW200804528A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
| CN101421359B (zh) | 2013-06-26 |
| EP1990373A1 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
| KR101317533B1 (ko) | 2013-10-15 |
| TWI439511B (zh) | 2014-06-01 |
| JP5106381B2 (ja) | 2012-12-26 |
| AU2007221706B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 |
| EP1990373B1 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
| CN101421359A (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
| US8735720B2 (en) | 2014-05-27 |
| AU2007221706A1 (en) | 2007-09-07 |
| EP1990373A4 (en) | 2010-07-07 |
| JPWO2007100033A1 (ja) | 2009-07-23 |
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