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WO2007017554A1 - Apparatus and method for removing iron-containing material from the soil - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for removing iron-containing material from the soil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007017554A1
WO2007017554A1 PCT/FI2006/000273 FI2006000273W WO2007017554A1 WO 2007017554 A1 WO2007017554 A1 WO 2007017554A1 FI 2006000273 W FI2006000273 W FI 2006000273W WO 2007017554 A1 WO2007017554 A1 WO 2007017554A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
soil
electromagnet
harrow
containing material
iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2006/000273
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jani RÄSÄNEN
Pentti RÄSÄNEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Savonlinnan PR Urakointi Oy
Original Assignee
Savonlinnan PR Urakointi Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Savonlinnan PR Urakointi Oy filed Critical Savonlinnan PR Urakointi Oy
Publication of WO2007017554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007017554A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/04—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means
    • B66C1/06—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by magnetic means electromagnetic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01H—STREET CLEANING; CLEANING OF PERMANENT WAYS; CLEANING BEACHES; DISPERSING OR PREVENTING FOG IN GENERAL CLEANING STREET OR RAILWAY FURNITURE OR TUNNEL WALLS
    • E01H1/00—Removing undesirable matter from roads or like surfaces, with or without moistening of the surface
    • E01H1/14—Removing by magnetic effect
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/76—Graders, bulldozers, or the like with scraper plates or ploughshare-like elements; Levelling scarifying devices
    • E02F3/80—Component parts
    • E02F3/815—Blades; Levelling or scarifying tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and method for removing iron-containing material from the soil. More specifically, the invention relates to a combination of a harrow and an electromagnet, with which it is possible to separate iron-containing material from the rest of the soil.
  • an electromagnet can be used for separating iron-containing material from the rest of the soil.
  • power is switched on to the electromagnet, and the magnet is moved along the surface of the ground.
  • the electromag- net then attracts the iron-containing material from the soil, after which the iron- containing material can be transported to a collection point.
  • a magnet of the above- mentioned type can be connected, for example, to an excavator.
  • the problem with this technology is that the magnet is only able to collect iron-containing material quite close to the surface of the soil. With this method, it is extremely difficult to remove iron-containing material especially from dense soil, because the soil strongly rejects the attraction generated by the electromagnet.
  • Apparatuses and methods are also known for separating steel bar scrap from crushed waste concrete. Such methods and apparatuses are disclosed, for example, in the specifications JP 10306464 and JP 9287162.
  • the specification JP 10306464 discloses a bucket with a grated bottom connected to an excavator.
  • the transverse bars of this grated bottom can be magnetised so that, upon emptying the bucket, the iron-containing waste will stay at the bottom of the bucket, and the concrete waste will drop to a collection point. After this, the iron- containing material can be unloaded to an own collection point by switching off the electromagnet.
  • This method is slow, because the soil can only be cleaned one bucketful at a time. Furthermore, the method requires that the soil is first removed and then put back so that the landscape would remain almost unchanged.
  • the specification JP 9287162 discloses a similar bucket solution with a uniform bucket, the bottom of which can be magnetised for collecting iron- containing material.
  • the problems related with this solution are the same as with the specification JP 10306464.
  • the solution according to the present invention eliminates the problems of the state of the art and makes possible the fast and efficient cleaning of the soil rather deep with one working step and leaving the soil otherwise nearly unchanged. This means that no transfer of the soil from one place to another and back will be needed.
  • the apparatus of the invention consists of a harrow with one spike or several spikes, and a separate external electromagnet.
  • the method according to the invention makes possible the cleaning of the soil with one step essentially without transferring the soil.
  • Figure 1 is a principle drawing of the combination of a harrow and an electromagnet.
  • FIG 1 there is shown a harrow 1 with four spikes 2, which can be connected to a working machine, for example, an excavator, in place of a bucket.
  • the harrow 1 can naturally have a freely selectable number of spikes 2, but advantageously, their number varies from two to four.
  • the spikes 2 are advantageously triangular and planar parts tapering downwards, and further they have preferably been shaped slightly curved to achieve better penetrability and movement.
  • the harrow 1 can be fastened to the working machine in accordance with known technology. When cleaning the soil, the spikes 2 penetrate deep into the soil, and they can be moved back and forth inside the soil by operating the working machine so that the soil can be softened/loosened.
  • the spikes of the harrow 1 extend into the soil, i.e. their length is 0.2 - 2 metres, preferably 0.3 - 1.7 metres, most preferably 0.4 - 1.5 metres.
  • the movement makes the soil porous and softens it so that the iron-containing material in the soil can be collected by means of a strong electromagnet 4 inserted into contact with the harrow 1.
  • the simultaneous moving of the soil with the harrow 1 and the attraction caused by the electromagnet 4 efficiently clean the soil from iron-containing material.
  • the soil need not be transferred/lifted from one place to another, and the cleaning can be done efficiently as one working step.
  • the electromagnet 4 is preferably an electromagnet of a known technology, which is installed into contact with the harrow 1, for example, to hang by chains, wires, ropes, or similar (not shown in the Figure) next to the harrow. There are preferably 3 - 5 such chains or similar so that the possible rotational movement of the electro- magnet 4 can be controlled in connection with the cleaning. On the other hand, only one chain will be sufficient for the suspension.
  • the electromagnet 4 can freely conform to the surface shapes of the soil and efficiently attract iron-containing material from the interior of the soil.
  • the harrow is, for example, provided with a projection 5, to the end of which the electromagnet 4 is fastened for hanging.
  • the apparatus and method of the invention are especially well suitable for cleaning the soil on an area where metals are processed, from which iron-containing material can thus be removed.
  • cleaning refers to a process, by which iron- containing material can be separated from the soil to be cleaned to the depth of ap- proximately 1.5 metres so that the material to be removed will be ready for the next steps of recycling, such as melting.
  • mass containing iron-containing material in addition to other constituents is typically generated.
  • the apparatus and the method are excellently suited for separating such metal scrap to be used for recycling.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus and method for removing iron-containing material from the soil. The apparatus comprises a harrow (1) to be fastened to a working machine and an electromagnet (4) . The harrow is used for loosening the soil to be cleaned under the surface, and the electromagnet is simultaneously moved along the surface of the soil so that iron-containing scrap can be removed from the soil with one working step.

Description

Apparatus and method for removing iron-containing material from the soil
The invention relates to an apparatus and method for removing iron-containing material from the soil. More specifically, the invention relates to a combination of a harrow and an electromagnet, with which it is possible to separate iron-containing material from the rest of the soil.
It is known that an electromagnet can be used for separating iron-containing material from the rest of the soil. In this method, power is switched on to the electromagnet, and the magnet is moved along the surface of the ground. The electromag- net then attracts the iron-containing material from the soil, after which the iron- containing material can be transported to a collection point. A magnet of the above- mentioned type can be connected, for example, to an excavator. The problem with this technology is that the magnet is only able to collect iron-containing material quite close to the surface of the soil. With this method, it is extremely difficult to remove iron-containing material especially from dense soil, because the soil strongly rejects the attraction generated by the electromagnet.
Apparatuses and methods are also known for separating steel bar scrap from crushed waste concrete. Such methods and apparatuses are disclosed, for example, in the specifications JP 10306464 and JP 9287162.
The specification JP 10306464 discloses a bucket with a grated bottom connected to an excavator. The transverse bars of this grated bottom can be magnetised so that, upon emptying the bucket, the iron-containing waste will stay at the bottom of the bucket, and the concrete waste will drop to a collection point. After this, the iron- containing material can be unloaded to an own collection point by switching off the electromagnet. This method is slow, because the soil can only be cleaned one bucketful at a time. Furthermore, the method requires that the soil is first removed and then put back so that the landscape would remain almost unchanged.
Respectively, the specification JP 9287162 discloses a similar bucket solution with a uniform bucket, the bottom of which can be magnetised for collecting iron- containing material. The problems related with this solution are the same as with the specification JP 10306464.
The solution according to the present invention eliminates the problems of the state of the art and makes possible the fast and efficient cleaning of the soil rather deep with one working step and leaving the soil otherwise nearly unchanged. This means that no transfer of the soil from one place to another and back will be needed.
The apparatus of the invention consists of a harrow with one spike or several spikes, and a separate external electromagnet. The method according to the invention makes possible the cleaning of the soil with one step essentially without transferring the soil.
The advantages of the invention are achieved with the apparatus and method according to the features of the independent claims. The dependent claims further illustrate other advantageous embodiments of the invention.
The invention will next be explained in more detail by referring to the enclosed drawing, in which
Figure 1 is a principle drawing of the combination of a harrow and an electromagnet.
In Figure 1, there is shown a harrow 1 with four spikes 2, which can be connected to a working machine, for example, an excavator, in place of a bucket. The harrow 1 can naturally have a freely selectable number of spikes 2, but advantageously, their number varies from two to four. The spikes 2 are advantageously triangular and planar parts tapering downwards, and further they have preferably been shaped slightly curved to achieve better penetrability and movement. By means of a coupling part 3, the harrow 1 can be fastened to the working machine in accordance with known technology. When cleaning the soil, the spikes 2 penetrate deep into the soil, and they can be moved back and forth inside the soil by operating the working machine so that the soil can be softened/loosened. The spikes of the harrow 1 extend into the soil, i.e. their length is 0.2 - 2 metres, preferably 0.3 - 1.7 metres, most preferably 0.4 - 1.5 metres. The movement makes the soil porous and softens it so that the iron-containing material in the soil can be collected by means of a strong electromagnet 4 inserted into contact with the harrow 1. The simultaneous moving of the soil with the harrow 1 and the attraction caused by the electromagnet 4 efficiently clean the soil from iron-containing material. When using the method of the inven- tion, the soil need not be transferred/lifted from one place to another, and the cleaning can be done efficiently as one working step. When a sufficient amount of iron- containing material has been gathered to the electromagnet 4, the electromagnet can be cleaned by transferring it onto a metal scrap collection point and by switching off the power from the electromagnet. The electromagnet 4 is preferably an electromagnet of a known technology, which is installed into contact with the harrow 1, for example, to hang by chains, wires, ropes, or similar (not shown in the Figure) next to the harrow. There are preferably 3 - 5 such chains or similar so that the possible rotational movement of the electro- magnet 4 can be controlled in connection with the cleaning. On the other hand, only one chain will be sufficient for the suspension. Because of the hanging, the electromagnet 4 can freely conform to the surface shapes of the soil and efficiently attract iron-containing material from the interior of the soil. For fastening the electromagnet 4 into contact with the harrow 1, the harrow is, for example, provided with a projection 5, to the end of which the electromagnet 4 is fastened for hanging.
The apparatus and method of the invention are especially well suitable for cleaning the soil on an area where metals are processed, from which iron-containing material can thus be removed. In this connection, cleaning refers to a process, by which iron- containing material can be separated from the soil to be cleaned to the depth of ap- proximately 1.5 metres so that the material to be removed will be ready for the next steps of recycling, such as melting. On a demolition site for structures made of steel concrete, such as buildings or bridges, mass containing iron-containing material in addition to other constituents is typically generated. The apparatus and the method are excellently suited for separating such metal scrap to be used for recycling. When cleaning the soil with traditional apparatuses, the soil will now and then have to be turned by using another tool, and then again a separate magnet will have to used. These steps will have to be repeated several times in order to reach the efficiency of the apparatus of the invention in the cleaning of the soil. Thus, the apparatus and method of the invention make the cleaning of the soil considerably faster.

Claims

Claims
1. An apparatus for removing iron-containing material from the soil, characterised in that the apparatus contains a harrow (1) with one spike or several spikes (2), and which can be fastened to a working machine by means of a coupling part (3); the apparatus further comprises a separate electromagnet (4), means for fastening the electromagnet (4) to hang next to the harrow (1), and means for switching the electromagnet (4) on and off.
2. The apparatus according to claim I5 characterised in that the means for fastening the electromagnet (4) to hang are chains, wires, ropes, or similar.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that the harrow (1) further includes a projection (5), to the end of which the electromagnet (4) can be suspended.
4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the length of the spikes (2) of the harrow (1) is 0.2 — 2 metres, preferably 0.3 — 1.7 metres, and most preferably 0.4 — 1.5 metres.
5. Method for removing iron-containing material from the soil, characterised in that the method comprises the following simultaneous steps:
- a hydraulic harrow (1) is fastened to the working machine;
- an electromagnet (4) is installed to hang into contact with the harrow (1);
- the soil is loosened by the harrow (1) without removing the soil from its place; and
- the electromagnet (4) is simultaneously moved on the surface of the soil to be loosened.
PCT/FI2006/000273 2005-08-09 2006-08-09 Apparatus and method for removing iron-containing material from the soil Ceased WO2007017554A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20050805A FI20050805A7 (en) 2005-08-09 2005-08-09 Apparatus and method for collecting iron-containing material from soil
FI20050805 2005-08-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007017554A1 true WO2007017554A1 (en) 2007-02-15

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PCT/FI2006/000273 Ceased WO2007017554A1 (en) 2005-08-09 2006-08-09 Apparatus and method for removing iron-containing material from the soil

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FI (1) FI20050805A7 (en)
WO (1) WO2007017554A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2918732A1 (en) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-16 K.W. Supply Beheer B.V. Magnet device

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE548778A (en) *
FR1108576A (en) * 1954-08-21 1956-01-16 Process and machine for the extraction, washing and enrichment of ores contained in alluvium, sands of marine beaches and titaniferous sands
US4593766A (en) * 1984-11-16 1986-06-10 Gossard Gordon G Strafing pit conditioning apparatus with magnetic sweeper
WO1995025596A1 (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-28 Jan Erik Johansson Magnetic separator
JPH09287162A (en) * 1996-04-19 1997-11-04 Maruyama Sangyo:Kk Bucket for excavating machine
JPH10306464A (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-17 Riichi Ogura Backhoe with selective function of reinforcement steel rod and operation method thereof
US5887810A (en) * 1997-09-22 1999-03-30 Maruyama Corporation Crusher of chunks of concrete or masonry

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE548778A (en) *
FR1108576A (en) * 1954-08-21 1956-01-16 Process and machine for the extraction, washing and enrichment of ores contained in alluvium, sands of marine beaches and titaniferous sands
US4593766A (en) * 1984-11-16 1986-06-10 Gossard Gordon G Strafing pit conditioning apparatus with magnetic sweeper
WO1995025596A1 (en) * 1994-03-23 1995-09-28 Jan Erik Johansson Magnetic separator
JPH09287162A (en) * 1996-04-19 1997-11-04 Maruyama Sangyo:Kk Bucket for excavating machine
JPH10306464A (en) * 1997-05-07 1998-11-17 Riichi Ogura Backhoe with selective function of reinforcement steel rod and operation method thereof
US5887810A (en) * 1997-09-22 1999-03-30 Maruyama Corporation Crusher of chunks of concrete or masonry

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2918732A1 (en) * 2014-03-11 2015-09-16 K.W. Supply Beheer B.V. Magnet device
NL2012401A (en) * 2014-03-11 2015-11-19 K W Supply Beheer B V Magnet device for the removal of debris containing rebar.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20050805L (en) 2007-02-10
FI20050805A7 (en) 2007-02-10
FI20050805A0 (en) 2005-08-09

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