WO2007058463A1

WO2007058463A1 - Apparatus for fixing a wale

Info

Publication number: WO2007058463A1
Application number: PCT/KR2006/004800
Authority: WO
Inventors: Seung Deok Baik
Original assignee: SUPPORTEC CO Ltd
Current assignee: SUPPORTEC CO Ltd
Priority date: 2005-11-16
Filing date: 2006-11-15
Publication date: 2007-05-24
Anticipated expiration: 2008-05-16
Also published as: CN102418345A; EP1954884A1; CN102418345B; JP4942759B2; JP2009516108A

Abstract

The present invention provides an apparatus for fixing a steel wire of a wale. In an embodiment, the present invention has an improved structure capable of fixing the steel wire of a prestressed wale at a location spaced apart from one end of the wale during pit excavation work for constructing an underground structure. The fixing apparatus prevents a sharp angle from being formed in the steel wire, and instead allows the steel wire to extend in the form of an arc shape, thus securing sufficient moment. The fixing apparatus provides strong reinforcement of parts to which high compressive force and high tensile force are applied. In another embodiment, the present invention has an improved structure capable of supporting a bracing beam and fixing and tensioning the steel wire in the bracing beam in corners during pit excavation work. At the corner, the fixing apparatus forms a triangular structure which can stably support the bracing beam and can fix and tension the steel wire at the same time, thus improving work efficiency. Further, the fixing apparatus has a simple structure, thus reducing the consumption of materials and reducing construction expenses.

Description

APPARATUS FOR FIXING A WALE

Technical Field

[1] The present invention relates, in general, to an apparatus for fixing a steel wire of a wale and, more particularly, to an apparatus for fixing a steel wire of a wale, which has a simple structure and can fix a steel wire of a prestressed wale such that the wire can be securely reinforced during pit excavation work for constructing an underground structure. Background Art

[2] During conventional pit excavation work for constructing an underground railway or the basement of a building, the ground is dug in a predetermined area to a predetermined depth to excavate a pit, and a desired number of vertical piles are installed in the pit.

[3] After the installation of the vertical piles in the pit, part of the pit is further dug and, thereafter, H-beams and lining boards are installed in the pit.

[4] After the installation of the lining boards in the pit, work for constructing the underground railway or the basement of the building progresses through continuous excavation, and the repeated installation of bracing beams accompanies the repeated excavation.

[5] Thus, to construct such a temporary facility, both the soil pressure and the load that may be applied to bracing beams at every excavation step must be repeatedly calculated, and bracing beams are installed in the pit such that the beams can effectively resist both the calculated maximum soil pressure and the calculated maximum load.

[6] However, the above-mentioned conventional designing and constructing technique for making underground structures requires an excessive number of bracing beams such that the bracing beams must be densely installed in a pit with a narrow interval of about 2-3 meters between the beams. Such densely installed bracing beams undesirably impede the movement of construction materials in the pit and prevent construction vehicles from moving in the pit, thus hindering the construction work. Furthermore, the densely installed bracing beams impede both form work and reinforcement work during the process of constructing the underground structure, and undesirably form a plurality of holes in the finished underground structure, thus seriously reducing the waterproofing properties of the underground structure.

[7] As a technique for forming a temporary facility without using the bracing beams while constructing an underground structure, a construction technique for supporting steel piles using earth anchors has been proposed. In this technique, an inclined hole is formed in the ground behind each steel pipe, and a steel wire or a steel bar is inserted into the inclined hole. Thereafter, the end of the steel wire or the steel bar, inserted into the inclined hole, is fixed through a mechanical method or a chemical method using epoxy or cement grout. The fixed steel wire or the fixed steel bar is tensioned to fix the steel pile.

[8] The temporary facility constructed through the above-mentioned technique using earth anchors provides sufficient inner space therein, thereby solving the difficulties experienced in the related art.

[9] However, the technique using earth anchors is problematic in that, if the technique is used in a busy city, the area influenced by the construction work may include private land around the construction site, thus incurring the enmity of the people. Another problem with the technique resides in that it increases construction expenses.

[10] Korean Utility Model Registration No. 20-258949 discloses a technique for constructing a temporary facility using a truss system without using bracing beams that conventionally cross the center of an excavated section. The technique may be efficiently used while executing work for constructing a shallow facility. To construct a temporary facility using the technique, H-beams are doubly placed at a location adjacent to the ground surface, thus forming a lattice structure. The lattice structure is reinforced using vertical beams and raker beams, so that the lattice structure can resist soil pressure using a double-layered upper truss.

[11] The technique using the truss system while constructing a temporary facility for supporting the ground was proposed in an attempt to overcome the problems accompanying the conventional techniques using bracing beams during pit excavation and construction of underground structures. The technique may be efficiently used in the case of installing a wide structure in the lower part of an excavated pit and installing a narrow structure in the upper part of the pit.

[12] Korean Patent No. 10- 188465, Korean Utility Model Registration No. 20-247053 and Japanese Patent No. 837994 disclose techniques for reinforcing wales through pre- stressing. Each of the techniques increases the interval between the bracing beams by installing a wale on a previously installed wale and by tensioning a steel wire. One of the above-mentioned techniques uses an additional wale, while the other technique reinforces the flanges of conventional H-beams.

[13] The above-mentioned techniques are advantageous in that the interval between the bracing beams can be increased. However, in the technique, steel wires are rec- tilinearly arranged, thus a negative moment is generated in the steel wires, unlike the parabolic distribution of moment generated in a wale due to soil pressure. In other words, the distribution of moment generated in the wale is different from the dis- tribution of load- induced moment, so that the length of the reinforced wale is undesirably limited.

[14] In the above-mentioned conventional techniques, a steel wire is fixed at the end of a prestressed wale, so that the curved section of the steel wire cannot be extended long. Thus, the steel wire may be angled and become weak at the angled part. Furthermore, the arc-shaped curve of the tension moment, which varies in different locations along the steel wire, becomes short, thus failing to realize sufficient force.

[15] Further, the wale does not have sufficient strength at parts on which both the compressive force and the tensile force are applied as the wale is loaded. The wale may be structurally frail, thus being easily bent. Further, the fixed state of the steel wire may be broken.

[16] In the conventional techniques, bracing beams or struts are installed in an excavated planar structure so as to fix both a braced wall and corners around the braced wall. Furthermore, steel materials are used to withstand soil pressure at the corners, thus wasting materials and increasing construction expenses. The steel material reduces the space in the excavated planar structure, thus reducing work efficiency when tensioning steel wires after fixing the steel wires of the prestressed wale. Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem

[17] Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for fixing a steel wire of a wale, which has a simple structure and can fix a steel wire of a prestressed wale such that the wire can be arranged long due to the simple structure of the apparatus, thus enabling the wale to sufficiently resist soil pressure and to be highly reinforced at parts thereof receiving high compressive force and high tensile force, during pit excavation work for constructing an underground structure. Technical Solution

[18] In order to accomplish the above object, in an aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for fixing a steel wire of a wale, comprising: a fixing body having a cross beam shape, the fixing body being integrated at a first end thereof with an end of a prestressed wale, with a coupling hole formed in the fixing body so as to allow an end of the steel wire of the wale to pass through the coupling hole; and a head block provided on a second end of the fixing body and fixing the end of the steel wire of the wale.

[19] In another aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for fixing steel wires of a wale, comprising: a cross beam integrated with a prestressed wale; a compression beam mounted at an incline to one end of the cross beam, with at least one corner bracing beam mounted at an incline to the compression beam; a raker beam installed at an incline to connect ends of the cross beam and the compression beam to each other; first and second head blocks provided inside a triangle formed by the compression beam, the raker beam and the cross beam such that the first and second head blocks are spaced apart from each other and separately fix and tension steel wires going into the triangle.

Advantageous Effects

[20] The fixing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention has an improved structure capable of fixing the steel wire of a prestressed wale at a location spaced apart from one end of the wale during pit excavation work for constructing an underground structure. The fixing apparatus prevents a sharp angle from being formed in the steel wire, and instead allows the steel wire to extend in the form of an arc shape, thus securing sufficient moment. Furthermore, the fixing apparatus provides strong reinforcement of parts to which high compressive force and high tensile force are applied.

[21] The fixing apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention has an improved structure capable of supporting a bracing beam and fixing and tensioning a steel wire in the bracing beam at a corner during pit excavation work for constructing an underground structure. At the corner, the fixing apparatus forms a triangular structure which can stably support the bracing beam and can fix and tension the steel wire at the same time, thus improving work efficiency when executing the pit excavation work. Further, the fixing apparatus has a simple structure, thus reducing the consumption of materials and reducing construction expenses. Further, to prevent the dense arrangement of bracing beams at corners and prevent a reduction in space, the fixing apparatus withstands soil pressure using the tensile force of the steel wire, thus enlarging the work space and improving the efficiency of use of space. Brief Description of the Drawings

[22] FIG. 1 is a plane view illustrating an apparatus for fixing a steel wire of a wale according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[23] FIG. 2 is a plane sectional view illustrating an important part of the present invention;

[24] FIG. 3 is a front view illustrating a state in which a wire support is used in the fixing apparatus of the present invention;

[25] FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are front views illustrating stoppers having different shapes used in the fixing apparatus, according to different embodiments of the present invention;

[26] FIG. 6 is a plane view illustrating an apparatus for fixing a steel wire of a wale according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[27] FIG. 7 is an enlarged plane view illustrating the portion "A" of FIG. 6;

[28] FIG. 8 is a plane sectional view illustrating an important part of FIG. 7;

[29] FIG. 9 is a plane view illustrating a state in which a wire guide member is used in the fixing apparatus of FIG. 8; and

[30] FIG. 10 is a view illustrating the operation of a lifting jack used in the fixing apparatus of FIG. 8. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[31] Herein below, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[32] [Embodiment 1]

[33] With reference to FIG. 1 through FIG. 3, the apparatus for fixing a steel wire of a wale according to the first embodiment of the present invention comprises a prestressed wale 20 which is integrally formed in front of a braced wall 10 and has a tensile force for tensioning a steel wire 22, a fixing body 200 bolted at a first end thereof to an end of the wale 20 and having a coupling hole 202 for allowing the steel wire 22 to pass through the coupling hole 202, a head block 400 provided on a second end of the fixing body 200 and fixing the end of the steel wire 22, which has been inserted into the head block 400, and a wire support 300 which protrudes from the front surface of the fixing body 200 and supports the steel wire 22 at an incline.

[34] Described in detail, the fixing body 200 is constructed in the form of a beam which is integrated with and extends from the end of the wale 20, and preferably uses a conventional H-beam.

[35] When an H-beam is used as the fixing body 200, it is necessary to reinforce the flange of the beam having the coupling hole 202, so that a reinforcing plate 206 is mounted to the inner surface of the flange through welding or bolting.

[36] Further, to secure reinforcement against shear stress generated in the fixing body

200 during the process of fixing the steel wire 22, a stopper 250 protrudes from the front surface of the fixing body 200.

[37] The stopper 250 may be configured in any of various shapes that are capable of providing reinforcement against shear force. For example, the stopper 250 may be configured as a horizontal structure which is parallel to the fixing body 200 and provides a wide reinforcing surface on the front surface of the fixing body 200.

[38] Further, to secure reinforcement on the inner surface of the fixing body 200, at least one stiffener 260 is integrally provided on the inner surface through welding. The first end of the fixing body 200, which is combined with the end of the wale 20, is provided with an end plate 270 through welding, so that the fixing body 200 can be efficiently combined with the wale 20.

[39] Further, a guide plate 220 having a predetermined curvature is integrated on the inner surface of the fixing body 200, and guides the insertion of the steel wire 22 into the fixing body 200.

[40] The wire support 300 may be configured as a single body which is mounted at a first end thereof to the front surface of the fixing body 200 using a bolt, and is rounded at a second end thereof such that the second end can support the steel wire 22 and be in contact with the steel wire 22. Alternately, the wire support 300 may be configured as a plurality of bodies which comprise a first body integrated with the fixing body 200 and a second body for supporting the steel wire 22.

[41] More preferably, the second end of the wire support 300 is configured such that the wire contact part of the second end is divided into several parts to form a slit end capable of supporting a plurality of steel wires 22 while preventing the steel wires 22 from becoming tangled or twisted.

[42] A box-shaped protective cap 450 having an open end is preferably provided in the fixing apparatus. The protective cap 450 is combined with the second end of the fixing body 200 and covers both the head block 400 and the fixed steel wire 22. Thus, the protective cap 450 protects the wire fixing head block 400 from external shocks.

[43] The fixing apparatus having the above-mentioned construction according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be operated as follows.

[44] In the fixing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the first end of the fixing body 200 is combined with the end of the wale 20, such that the fixing body 200 extends in a horizontal direction from the end of the wale 20. Thus, the fixing apparatus can fix the end of the steel wire 22 of the prestressed wale 20 to the fixing body 200 instead of the end of the wale 20, so that the fixed steel wire 22 can maintain an arc-shaped curve.

[45] Thus, the fixing apparatus prevents a sharp angle from being formed in the steel wire 22 and increases the length of the steel wire 22, thereby increasing the prestressed moment of the steel wire 22.

[46] After the fixing body 200 has been combined with the end of the wale 20, the steel wire 22 is guided to and passes over the rounded second end of the wire support 300.

[47] Thereafter, the steel wire 22, guided by the wire support 300, enters the fixing body

200 through the coupling hole and comes into contact with the guide plate 220 having the predetermined curvature. The steel wire 22 enters the head block 400 and is tensioned using a separate tensioning device before the steel wire 22 is fixed to the head block 400.

[48] Thereafter, to lock the steel wire 22 fixed to the head block 400, the second end of the fixing body 200 is covered with the protective cap 450, so that the head block 400 can be protected from external shocks.

[49] In the present invention, the stiffener 260, the guide plate 220 and the stopper 250 of the fixing body 200 may be integrated into a single body through welding. However, the stiffener 260, the guide plate 220 and the stopper 250 of the fixing body 200 may be designed as a single structure when designing H-beams and integrally formed as a single structure during a process of molding H-beams.

[50] The steel wire 22 fixed to the head block 400 imposes tensile force both on the wale

20 and on the fixing body 200, thus enabling both the wale 20 and the fixing body 200 to sufficiently resist the soil pressure.

[51] In other words, the present invention fixes the steel wire 22 of the wale 20 to a location beyond the end of the wale 20, thus preventing a sharp angle from being formed in the steel wire 22 and giving the steel wire 22 a sufficient tensile moment.

[52] FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 show another shape (plate shape or H-beam shape) of the stopper

250 of the present invention. The drawings illustrate that, if a stopper 250 having one of various shapes is provided on the front surface of the fixing body 200 to protrude from the front surface, the stopper 250, regardless of the shape thereof, can secure desired durability of the fixing body 200, and enables the fixing body 200 to resist shear stress generated therein when fixing the steel wire 22.

[53] [Embodiment 2]

[54] The apparatus for fixing a steel wire of a wale according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described herein below with reference to FIG. 6 through FIG. 10. The fixing apparatus comprises a cross beam 610 which is connected to an end of the wale 520 for supporting a braced wall 510. A compression beam 620 is connected at an incline to one end of the cross beam 610, and is integrated with at least one bracing beam 550. A raker beam 630 is connected at an incline both to one end of the compression beam 620 and to one end of the cross beam 610, thus connecting the beams 610 and 620 to each other. A coupling hole 632 is formed in the raker beam 630 at a location adjacent to the wale 520 and allows a steel wire 522 of the wale 520 to enter the hole 632. First and second head blocks 710 and 720 are separately provided in a triangle formed by the compression beam 620, the raker beam 630 and the cross beam 610 such that the first and second head blocks 710 and 720 separately fix and tension steel wires 522.

[55] Described in detail, the cross beam 610, the compression beam 620 and the raker beam 630 are connected to each other and form a triangular support structure. Each of the cross beam 610, the compression beam 620 and the raker beam 630 may use an H- beam having flanges and a web, with at least one stiffener 650 integrated with the inner surface of the H-beam through welding for reinforcement.

[56] The cross beam 610, the compression beam 620 and the raker beam 630 connect the bracing beam 550 to the wale 520, and form a triangular support structure that stably resists the compressive force applied both by the bracing beam 550 and by the wale 520.

[57] The ends of both the compression beam 620 and the raker beam 630 are preferably connected to each other at a right angle. However, it should be understood that the compression beam 620 and the raker beam 630 can be connected to each other at an acute angle or at an obtuse angle.

[58] The compression beam 620 is connected to the bracing beam 550 so as to transmit the compressive force, while the cross beam 610 is integrally connected to the wale 520. Thus, a reinforcing plate 810 is preferably provided in a corner junction between the cross beam 610 and the compression beam 620.

[59] Further, a preloading jack (not shown), having a cylinder actuator and transmitting the compressive force, is preferably provided in the center of the bracing beam 550. The triangular fixing apparatus is provided on an end of the wale 520 at each corner, so that the fixing apparatus enables the wale to withstand the soil pressure using the tensile force of the steel wire. The bracing beam 550 is preferably connected to the compression beams 620 of opposite fixing apparatuses, so that the compressive force applied by the preloading jack can be transmitted to the braced wall.

[60] Further, an end plate 614 is preferably combined through welding with the first end of the cross beam 610 that is connected to the end of the wale 520, so that the cross beam 610 can be more securely connected to the wale 520.

[61] A guide plate 900 having a predetermined curvature is integrated with the inner surface of the raker beam 630 and guides the entrance of the steel wire 522 into the raker beam 630. The guide plate 900 has a structure that is slid along the inner surface of the raker beam 630 by a lifting jack 950.

[62] The lifting jack 950 preferably incorporates a screw jack. When a screw jack is used as the lifting jack 950, the first end of the lifting jack 950 is integrated with one end of the guide plate 900, thus enabling the guide plate 900 to be operated in conjunction with the lifting jack 950. The second end of the lifting jack 950 is mounted to a mounting plate 955 using a nut unit 952 such that the second end is moved via the mounting plate during rotation.

[63] Thus, the lifting jack 950 controls the upper and lower widths of the guide plate 900 and finely controls the angle of the steel wire 522.

[64] The function of the first and second head blocks 710 and 720 may be designed as follows. When the first head block 710, which is placed at an upper location, has a fixing function, the second head block 720, which is placed at a lower location, has a tensioning function. In that case, the first head block 710 of another fixing apparatus provided on the opposite end of the wale 520 has a tensioning function, while the second head block 720 has a fixing function.

[65] More preferably, a shear key 615 extends from the lower part of the cross beam 610 such that the shear key 615 interferes with the end of the wale 520 along a horizontal line. Because the end of the wale 520 that receives the compressive force is located such that it faces in the direction opposite the direction from which force is transmitted from the compression beam 620, the compressive force is offset by the force transmitted from the compression beam 620.

[66] To support the shear key 615, a connection member 1000 is preferably combined with the wale 520 such that the connection member 1000 is located between the wale 520 and the fixing apparatus. The connection member 1000 is integrated with the shear key 615 of the fixing apparatus using bolts.

[67] The connection member 1000 is preferably provided with an upper shear key 1010 which protrudes forwards, so that the force transmitted from the upper shear key 1010 counteracts and offsets the compressive force transmitted to the end of the cross beam 610.

[68] Further, first and second wire guide members 715 and 725 having a pipe shape are preferably provided inside the reinforcing plate 810 at a location between the first and second head blocks 710 and 720 and the raker beam 630, thus separately guiding the steel wires 522 to the first and second head blocks 710 and 720.

[69] The fixing apparatus having the above-mentioned construction according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be operated as follows.

[70] During pit excavation work for constructing an underground structure, the fixing apparatus according to the present invention has the bracing beam 550 connected thereto at each corner and fixes and tensions the ends of the steel wires 522 using the first and second head blocks 710 and 720.

[71] In the above state, the ends of the steel wires 522 enter the connection member and are guided to the first and second head blocks 710 and 720 by the first and second steel wire guide members 715 and 725.

[72] Thereafter, the first head block 710 fixes the ends of the steel wires 522, while the second head block 720 tensions the ends of the steel wires 522. Then, the lifting jack 950 is operated to curve the steel wires 522 as desired, thus controlling the upper and lower widths of the guide plate 900.

[73] In other words, when the second end of the lifting jack 950, which is bolted to the mounting plate, is rotated in one direction, the guide plate 900 moves upwards or downwards according to the direction in which the lifting jack 950 is rotated, so that the upper and lower widths of the guide plate 900 can be controlled and change the curve of the steel wires 522 which enter the guide plate 900.

[74] In the fixing apparatus, the bracing beams 550 placed at corners are connected to the compression beam 620 having the triangular support structure. Further, the steel wires 522 of the wale 520 are tensioned and fixed by the first and second head blocks 710 and 720. Thus, the fixing apparatus executes the function of connecting the bracing beams 550 and the function of tensioning and fixing the steel wire 522 at one place.

[75] Thus, each corner of a pit has a simple structure and provides an empty space other than the area having the fixing apparatus, thus enlarging the work space. Further, the present invention can variably manage the work of fixing and tensioning the steel wires 522 of a wale and the work of tensioning and fixing the steel wires 522 placed at the opposite side of the wale 520.

[76] At each corner of the pit, the bracing beam 550 is fixed and connected to the compression beam 620, so that the compressive force transmitted from the bracing beam 550 passes through the compression beam 620 and is transmitted both to the raker beam 630 and to the cross beam 610. Thereafter, the compressive force is transmitted to the wale 520 through the connection member 1000, thus the wale 520 can efficiently withstand soil pressure.

[77] In the above state, the shear key 615 of the fixing apparatus and the upper shear key

1010 of the connection member 1000 are connected to the end of the connection member 1000 and to the end of the cross beam 610, respectively, and thus they interfere with each other. Thus, the direction of the compressive force transmitted from the bracing beam 550 is opposite the direction of the soil pressure transmitted from the wale 520, so that the compressive force offsets the soil pressure.

[78] The fixing apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention is preferably used with the connection member in corners during pit excavation work. However, it should be understood that the fixing apparatus may be used without the connection member.

Claims

[1] An apparatus for fixing a steel wire of a wale, comprising: a fixing body having a cross beam shape, the fixing body being integrated at a first end thereof with an end of a prestressed wale, with a coupling hole formed in the fixing body so as to allow an end of the steel wire of the wale to pass through the coupling hole; and a head block provided on a second end of the fixing body and fixing the end of the steel wire of the wale.

[2] The apparatus for fixing the steel wire of the wale according to claim 1, further comprising: a stopper protruding from a front surface of the fixing body so as to increase a shear force of the fixing body.

[3] The apparatus for fixing the steel wire of the wale according to claim 1, further comprising: a guide plate, having a predetermined curvature and integrated on an inner surface of the fixing body, so as to guide insertion of the steel wire into the fixing body.

[4] The apparatus for fixing the steel wire of the wale according to claim 1, further comprising: a protective cap combined with the second end of the fixing body and covering the head block.

[5] The apparatus for fixing the steel wire of the wale according to claim 1, further comprising: at least one stiffener integrally provided on the inner surface of the fixing body.

[6] The apparatus for fixing the steel wire of the wale according to claim 1, further comprising: a wire support protruding from a front surface of the fixing body and guiding the steel wire at an incline.

[7] An apparatus for fixing steel wires of a wale, comprising: a cross beam integrated with a prestressed wale; a compression beam mounted at an incline to one end of the cross beam, with at least one corner bracing beam mounted at an incline to the compression beam; a raker beam installed at an incline to connect ends of the cross beam and the compression beam to each other; first and second head blocks provided inside a triangle formed by the compression beam, the raker beam and the cross beam such that the first and second head blocks are spaced apart from each other and separately fix and tension steel wires going into the triangle.

[8] The apparatus for fixing the steel wires of the wale according to claim 7, wherein each of the cross beam, the compression beam and the raker beam uses an H- beam having a flange and a web, with at least one stiffener integrally combined with the beam to increase compressive force of the web.

[9] The apparatus for fixing the steel wires of the wale according to claim 7, further comprising: a guide plate having a predetermined curvature provided inside the raker beam so as to guide insertion of the steel wires into the raker beam.

[10] The apparatus for fixing the steel wires of the wale according to claim 7, further comprising: a reinforcing plate integrated both with an inner surface of the cross beam and with an inner surface of the compression beam.

[11] The apparatus for fixing the steel wires of the wale according to claim 7, further comprising: first and second wire guide members having a pipe shape provided at a location between the first and second head blocks and the raker beam, thus separately guiding the steel wires to the first and second head blocks.

[12] The apparatus for fixing the steel wires of the wale according to claim 9, further comprising: a lifting jack integrally combined with the guide plate such that the lifting jack is movable in the raker beam.

[13] The apparatus for fixing the steel wires of the wale according to claim 7, further comprising: a shear key extending from a lower part of the cross beam such that the shear key interferes with an end of the wale on a horizontal line.

[14] The apparatus for fixing the steel wires of the wale according to claim 13, further comprising: a connection member provided between the cross beam and the wale and integrally combined with the wale so as to support the shear key, with an upper shear key protruding forwards from an end of the connection member, so that the upper shear key interferes with the end of the cross beam in a direction in which compressive force is transmitted.