WO2006030642A1 - ナノカプセル型構造体 - Google Patents
ナノカプセル型構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006030642A1 WO2006030642A1 PCT/JP2005/015909 JP2005015909W WO2006030642A1 WO 2006030642 A1 WO2006030642 A1 WO 2006030642A1 JP 2005015909 W JP2005015909 W JP 2005015909W WO 2006030642 A1 WO2006030642 A1 WO 2006030642A1
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- nanocapsule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/16—Preparation
- C01B32/162—Preparation characterised by catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/881—Molybdenum and iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/391—Physical properties of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/393—Metal or metal oxide crystallite size
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/40—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
- B01J35/45—Nanoparticles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0203—Impregnation the impregnation liquid containing organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0211—Impregnation using a colloidal suspension
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0213—Preparation of the impregnating solution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2235/00—Indexing scheme associated with group B01J35/00, related to the analysis techniques used to determine the catalysts form or properties
- B01J2235/30—Scanning electron microscopy; Transmission electron microscopy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y10S977/742—Carbon nanotubes, CNTs
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- Y10S977/742—Carbon nanotubes, CNTs
- Y10S977/75—Single-walled
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- Y10S977/742—Carbon nanotubes, CNTs
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- Y10T428/2989—Microcapsule with solid core [includes liposome]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nanocapsule structure, and more specifically, a capsule structure useful as a catalyst for synthesizing nanometer-sized materials such as carbon nanotubes and semiconductor nanowires by a CVD method,
- the present invention relates to a raw material liquid for producing a carbon nanotube containing a catalyst composed of a capsule structure and a method for producing carbon nanotubes using the raw material liquid.
- Non-patent document 1 rjournal of Physical Chemistry B, vol. 106, 2002 (February 2002
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-6617
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent No. 3438041
- the present invention relates to a nanocapsule structure having a particle size of nanometer size and having high dispersibility even in a high concentration region in an organic solvent and useful as a catalyst that does not cause aggregation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for use as a catalyst, and an efficient method for producing carbon nanotubes using the catalyst. Means for solving the problem
- a nanocapsule structure having an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 nm and encapsulating an aqueous solution of a metal compound therein.
- the metal compound is an iron group element compound, a platinum group element compound and a molybdenum compound. body.
- the surfactant is at least one selected from an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant.
- a catalyst comprising the nanocapsule structure according to any one of (1) to (7) above.
- a catalyst for producing a carbon nanotube comprising the nanocapsule structure according to any one of (1) to (7) above.
- a raw material liquid for producing carbon nanotubes comprising an organic solvent and the catalyst described in (9) above.
- a method for producing force-bonbon nanotubes comprising thermally decomposing the raw material liquid according to any one of (10) to (14).
- the metal supercapacitor for producing carbon nanotubes characterized by having an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 nm obtained by chemically reducing the nanocapsule-type catalyst according to (9) above Fine particle catalyst.
- a supported catalyst in which the metal fine particles according to (16) or (17) are supported on a substrate or a base material.
- the nanocapsule structure of the present invention has a structure in which an aqueous solution of a metal compound is encapsulated in a nanometer-sized capsule structure, and therefore has high dispersibility in an organic solvent even in a high concentration region. It has the characteristics that it does not occur, and it has the advantage that it does not clog even when it flows through a narrow flow path, and that the catalyst performance does not deteriorate due to aggregation. Therefore, when this product is used as a catalyst for the production of carbon nanotubes and semiconductor nanowires by the CVD method, the conventional problem of clogging of the spray nozzle and problems are solved, and the carbon nanotubes can be obtained in a simple and high yield. Can be manufactured.
- a raw material liquid containing an organic solvent and a catalyst composed of the nanocapsule structure has the ability to contain both a catalyst and a carbon source that are highly dispersible even in a high concentration region and do not cause aggregation. Since it is possible to continuously synthesize high-quality carbon nanotubes by a simple process of spraying directly from a nozzle and then thermally decomposing, it can be said to be an industrially advantageous raw material solution for carbon nanotube production.
- FIG. 1 is a particle size distribution diagram of the nanocapsule catalyst obtained in Example 1.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the carbon nanotube production apparatus used in Examples 2 to 4.
- FIG. 3 is a transmission electron micrograph of the sample of Example 2:! -3.
- FIG. 4 is a transmission electron micrograph and a particle size distribution diagram of iron-molybdenum-based ultrafine particles.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the carbon nanotube production apparatus used in Example 7.
- FIG. 6 is a transmission electron micrograph of Sample 4 of Example 7.
- the nanocapsule-type structure of the present invention has an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 nm and is characterized in that an aqueous solution of a metal compound is encapsulated therein.
- capsule-type structures in which metal fine particles are suspended in a surfactant or in which microparticles are mixed with metal fine particles are known forces. These are solid in or inside the surfactant. Nano-capsules that are encapsulated in the form of an aqueous solution of a metal compound that is not dispersed in a solid state as in the present invention. Mold structure is not known at all
- a typical nanocapsule-type structure of the present invention has a capsule-like structure formed by self-assembly of a surfactant, and further, an aqueous solution of a metal compound on the inner part of the capsule-like structure.
- the thickness of the wall constituting the capsule needs to be at least 0.5 nm or less.
- it is difficult. It is difficult to act as a catalyst for the production of a material of the size, and the intended purpose of the present invention cannot be achieved.
- surfactants can be classified into cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, etc. depending on the difference in the charge of the acting part, but they are used in the present invention.
- the surfactant is not particularly limited by the difference in charge, and any one or more of cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants can be used. These surfactants are preferably used.
- any cationic surfactant may be used as long as it can form a nanopsel structure having an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 nanometers in an organic solvent with low polarity.
- quaternary ammonium halides can be preferably used. Specific examples are dimethyldioctylmonium bromide or chloride), didecyldimethylammonium bromide or chloride), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (or chloride), cetyldimethylethylammonium bromide. Examples thereof include bromide (or salt), dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (or chloride), and the like.
- a dimethyldialkyl ammonium halide is more preferable.
- the alkyl group preferably has 6 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl having 8 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the inner part of the capsule structure in the nanocapsule catalyst of the present invention needs to be an aqueous solution of a metal compound.
- Water in the aqueous solution is supplied by crystal water of metal compounds, water contained as an impurity in surfactants and organic solvents, and can also be added at the time of capsule preparation.
- the metal compound used in the present invention is not particularly limited except that it is soluble in water, but a catalyst generally used in a synthesis reaction of a desired substance or material. It is preferable to select from a metal compound having an action. Specifically, it is preferable to select a nickel compound in the CVD synthesis of gallium nitride nanowires. Transition metal compounds are used as catalysts for CVD synthesis of single-bonn nanotubes.
- iron group elements such as iron (11), iron chloride (III), salt-cobalt, salt-nickel, compounds of platinum group elements such as rhodium chloride and platinum chloride, molybdenum such as molybdenum chloride
- platinum group elements such as rhodium chloride and platinum chloride
- molybdenum such as molybdenum chloride
- any of four or more kinds of strength can be used, and among these, salted pig iron (III) is preferably used.
- the nanocapsule structure of the present invention can be prepared, for example, by dissolving a surfactant and a metal compound in an organic solvent so as to be homogeneous.
- the organic solvent used at that time is preferably the nonpolar solvent, and specifically, toluene, benzene, 0 , m , and p-xylene, cyclohexane, heptane, hexane, etc.
- Possible force S other solvents can be selected as needed.
- the surfactant forms a self-organized capsule-like structure called reverse micelle that encloses a polar substance such as water in the solvent.
- the organic solvent preferably used in the present invention is toluene.
- stirring, ultrasonic treatment, etc. need to be performed as necessary.
- a flask or a container with a lid is rotated, or a screw type or brush type is used.
- An apparatus in which the stirring blade rotates at high speed can be used.
- ultrasonic processing equipment In ultrasonic processing equipment
- the nanocapsule structure of the present invention is dissolved by stirring or mixing, and then subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and the precipitate that has not been completely dissolved is removed by a centrifuge and only the supernatant is taken out. It is preferable, but it is not limited to this method.
- the weight ratio of the surfactant and metal compound used in the preparation of the nanocapsule catalyst of the present invention to the organic solvent is not particularly limited, but the surfactant is small.
- the solution layer may separate into two phases and a homogeneous solution may not be obtained. In this case, it is necessary to increase the surfactant until a homogeneous solution is obtained, and it is preferable that the amount of the surfactant increased is the minimum necessary for obtaining a homogeneous solution.
- Confirmation that the nanocapsule type structure has been prepared may be performed, for example, by using a particle size distribution measuring apparatus of a dynamic light scattering method or a laser Doppler method and monitoring the particle size distribution.
- the inclusion of the aqueous solution of the metal compound in the inside is caused by the force confirmed from the formation of reverse micelles by the particle size distribution measurement and the inclusion of water in the structure.
- Changes in the state of the hydrogen bond are observed by separating the absorption peak derived from the characteristic oxygen-hydrogen bond of water from the absorption peak derived from the carbon-hydrogen bond of other components such as a solvent by near infrared spectroscopy.
- it can be carried out by confirming that the components contained in the solvent and shifted to the low wavenumber side are increased compared to the positions of the absorption peaks derived from water.
- the organic solvent dispersion liquid of the nanocapsule structure of the present invention is characterized by remarkably high dispersibility even at a high concentration
- the composition containing the organic solvent and the nanocapsule catalyst is: For example, it can be used as a raw material solution for producing carbon nanotubes by CVD synthesis.
- toluene When toluene is used as a carbon source in the CVD synthesis of carbon nanotubes, it is preferable to add a sulfur compound, preferably chefene, in order to improve the catalyst activity.
- a sulfur compound preferably thiophene
- Carbon is obtained by spraying the above-mentioned raw material liquid into a reaction region heated to 1000 to 1200 ° C. using a solution added to 5 to 5 times as a raw material liquid and hydrogen as a carrier gas. Nanotubes can be produced simply and with high yield.
- the nanocapsule catalyst of the present invention is easy to prepare a dispersion monodispersed in an organic solvent, and this dispersion is subjected to chemical reduction using a reducing agent such as hydrogen or sodium borohydride.
- a reducing agent such as hydrogen or sodium borohydride.
- Highly dispersed metal ultrafine particles that are monodispersed or nearly monodispersed by performing Can be prepared and used as a catalyst for the production of carbon nanotubes.
- the composition of the metal is not particularly limited. Among them, 40 to 60 mol% of the composition is molybdenum, and the other composition is iron and / or. It is preferred to be composed of cobalt.
- the above composition even in the state of ultrafine metal particles, it can be kept dispersed in an organic solvent for a long time, and it is easy to carry ultrafine metal particles on a substrate such as a silicon wafer or a substrate such as zeolite or alumina.
- carbon nanotubes can be produced at a high density by using magnesium oxide as a substrate.
- toluene Fluorescent Pure Chemical Co., Ltd., reagent grade, the same shall apply hereinafter
- Og was added, and dimethyldioctylammonium bromide (Tokyo Kasei) was used as the nanocapsule-type catalyst raw material.
- iron chloride (III) manufactured by Furuuchi Chemical, purity 99.9%, the same shall apply hereinafter
- molybdenum chloride manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical, the same shall apply hereinafter
- the catalyst concentration in the solution is 16.6% by weight. If insoluble matter is precipitated, sonicate for 30 minutes using an ultrasonic cleaner (Branson, 1210J) under a nitrogen atmosphere, and then remove the solution from a centrifuge (Hitachi, In the case of himac CT13 (the same applies below), centrifuge separation was performed at 6000 rpm to remove insoluble materials, and the supernatant was collected. The supernatant solution was measured with a particle size distribution analyzer (Nikkiso, Microtrac UPA150). As a result, almost all of the nano-force catalyst (structure) had a particle size of 7 ⁇ :! Onm. Figure 1 shows a graph of the particle size distribution. (Catalyst concentration in liquid 16.6% by weight)
- thiophene manufactured by Wako Pure Chemicals, reagent grade, the same shall apply hereinafter
- raw material liquids 1, 2, and 3 were prepared. These were designated as raw material liquids 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
- carbon nanotubes were produced by a carbon nanotube production apparatus as shown in FIG.
- the production equipment shown in Fig. 2 is a 4kW electric furnace 1, an inner diameter of 5. Ocm, an outer diameter of 5.5 cm, a quartz reaction tube 2, a spray nozzle 3, a first carrier gas flow meter 4, a second carrier gas flow meter 5 It consists of a microfeeder 6 and a recovery filter 7.
- Vapor flow thermal CVD synthesis was performed by spraying the above solution for 70 minutes at a flow rate of 100 ⁇ L / min into a reaction tube in an electric furnace heated to 1200 ° C using hydrogen at a flow rate of 7 LZmin. The product was collected with a recovery filter 7.
- Samples 1, 2, and 3 When the three types of products produced using the raw material solutions 1, 2, and 3 were designated as Samples 1, 2, and 3, respectively, the yields were 13.1 mg, 22.6 mg, and 24.5 mg, respectively. Samples:! To 3 were observed with a transmission electron microscope (JEOL Ltd., JEM1010, the same shall apply hereinafter). Samples 1 to 3 were single-walled carbon nanotubes having a diameter of about 1 to 4 nm. As an example, a transmission electron micrograph of sample 2 is shown in FIG.
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, 20.0 g of toluene was placed in a 50 mL flask, 6.6 g of dimethyldioctylammonium bromide, 1.8 g of iron (III) chloride, and salt as a nanocapsule type catalyst raw material. 170 mg of molybdenum was added and dissolved. When prepared in this proportion, the catalyst concentration in the solution is 30.0% by weight.
- a raw material solution was prepared by adding thiophene to this solution so as to have a molar ratio of 1 mole to the number of moles of iron as a catalyst, and gas phase flow thermal CVD synthesis was performed in the same manner as in Example 2 for 70 minutes. The obtained product was 37.3 mg, and it was a single-walled carbon nanotube having a diameter of about 1 to 4 nm as observed with a transmission electron microscope. (Catalyst concentration in liquid 30.0% by weight)
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, 10.0 g of toluene was placed in a 50 mL flask, 18.01 g of dimethyldioctylammonium bromide as a nanocapsule type catalyst raw material, and 4.81 g of salted iron (III) salt. Then, 500 mg of molybdenum chloride was added and dissolved. When prepared at this ratio, the catalyst concentration in the solution is 70.0% by weight. A raw material solution was prepared by adding thiofluorone to this solution so as to have a molar ratio of 1 mole to the number of moles of iron serving as a catalyst. Intergas phase flow thermal CVD synthesis was performed. The yield of product obtained was 176.4 mg. This sample was observed with a transmission electron microscope, and it was confirmed that the product was a single-walled carbon nanotube having a diameter of about 4 nm to 4 nm. (Catalyst concentration in liquid: 70.0% by weight)
- Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, 20.Og of toluene was placed in a 50 mL flask, and 3.67 g of dimethyldioctylammonium bromide, 394 mg of iron (III) chloride as a nanocapsule type catalyst raw material, 652 mg of molybdenum was added and dissolved sufficiently.
- the solution was centrifuged with a centrifuge (Hitachi, himac CT13) under the conditions of 6000i "pm to remove the precipitate, and the supernatant liquid was separated.
- the iron-molybden-based ultrafine particles in the supernatant liquid were separated.
- the average particle diameter was 2.7 nm, and a transmission electron micrograph and a graph of particle size distribution are shown in Fig. 4.
- Magnesium oxide (Kishida chemistry, special grade) 2. Put Og in an evaporating dish and heat to 120 ° C, then add the supernatant liquid prepared in Example 5 and evaporate to dryness with stirring, 200 ° C The iron-molybdenum ultrafine particle supported catalyst was prepared by drying under reduced pressure for 10 hours in a vacuum oven set to 1.
- Carbon nanotubes were synthesized using the catalyst obtained in Example 6 and the apparatus shown in FIG.
- the manufacturing equipment in Fig. 5 consists of a 4kW electric furnace 8, an inner diameter 2.3cm, an outer diameter 2.8cm quartz reaction tube 9, a first reaction gas flow meter 10, a second reaction gas flow meter 11, a carrier gas flow meter. It consists of twelve.
- the iron-molybdenum-supported catalyst prepared in Example 6 was introduced into an alumina boat and introduced into the reaction tube 9, and the reaction tube 9 was sufficiently replaced with argon, and then argon with a flow rate of lOOmL Zmin was used as a carrier gas. 750. After heating to C, the catalyst was reduced and activated by introducing a mixed gas of 3% hydrogen diluted in argon into the reaction tube at a flow rate of 500 mLZmin for 5 minutes.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006535697A JP5168683B2 (ja) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-08-31 | ナノカプセル型構造体 |
| EP05781315.6A EP1790612B1 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-08-31 | Method for manufacturing a carbon nanotube |
| US11/663,002 US7897536B2 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-08-31 | Nanocapsule-type structure |
| CN2005800315227A CN101023022B (zh) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-08-31 | 纳米胶囊型结构 |
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| JP2004271751 | 2004-09-17 | ||
| JP2004-271751 | 2004-09-17 |
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| WO2006030642A1 true WO2006030642A1 (ja) | 2006-03-23 |
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| PCT/JP2005/015909 Ceased WO2006030642A1 (ja) | 2004-09-17 | 2005-08-31 | ナノカプセル型構造体 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7897536B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1790612B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5168683B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101023022B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2006030642A1 (ja) |
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| JP2013541489A (ja) * | 2010-09-17 | 2013-11-14 | デルフト・エンタープライゼス・ビー.ブイ. | 化学蒸着によって生成するカーボンナノ構造体およびネットワーク |
| JP2015514669A (ja) * | 2012-04-16 | 2015-05-21 | シーアストーン リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 二酸化炭素を還元することによって固体炭素を生成するための方法 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008100852A (ja) * | 2006-10-17 | 2008-05-01 | Nagoya Institute Of Technology | 炭化物内包カーボンナノカプセル及びその製造方法 |
| JP2013541489A (ja) * | 2010-09-17 | 2013-11-14 | デルフト・エンタープライゼス・ビー.ブイ. | 化学蒸着によって生成するカーボンナノ構造体およびネットワーク |
| JP2015514669A (ja) * | 2012-04-16 | 2015-05-21 | シーアストーン リミテッド ライアビリティ カンパニー | 二酸化炭素を還元することによって固体炭素を生成するための方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101023022A (zh) | 2007-08-22 |
| CN101023022B (zh) | 2010-05-26 |
| JPWO2006030642A1 (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
| EP1790612A1 (en) | 2007-05-30 |
| EP1790612A4 (en) | 2011-07-06 |
| US7897536B2 (en) | 2011-03-01 |
| JP5168683B2 (ja) | 2013-03-21 |
| EP1790612B1 (en) | 2013-07-31 |
| US20070267287A1 (en) | 2007-11-22 |
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